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\"世界第一女巨人姚德芬关于垂体瘤有什么不良影响\"

吃4个人的饭、穿78码的鞋、睡2.5米的床，这是被称作“世界第一女巨人”姚德芬的生活写照。但这位比篮球巨星姚明还高10厘米的安徽姑娘姚德芬，近日却不得不躺在医院的病床上。因为，她的身高是长年罹患垂体瘤导致“巨人症”的结果。垂体瘤有什么不良影响呢，由于垂体瘤带来的肢端肥大、骨质疏松、高血压等一系列疾病，使她生活无法自理，甚至不能独自站立。

 

垂体瘤其实是一种常见的神经系统良性肿瘤，它的表现不仅只有“巨人症”对垂体瘤的不了解源于大家对其“症状”辨别不清。

 

临床中，经常遇到这样的情况：有的病人出现视力障碍，跑去眼科治疗;有的病人长期不孕、月经紊乱等，跑到妇科和中医科调经;有的病人出现性欲下降、阳痿等，则去男科求治。可是治来治去，科室跑了不少，病却不见好。实际上，这个时候有可能是垂体瘤作怪，因为垂体有六种激素，任何一种激素分泌过多或者过少都会引起不同的症状。

 

找良医网专家介绍说，位于大脑底部不足一粒花生米大小的脑垂体却是人体内分泌的“司令部”，掌控着人体的重要内分泌功能，一旦垂体出现异常情况，很容易导致人体内分泌功能失调。常见垂体瘤临床表现集中于三个类型：一种是垂体腺瘤本身分泌很多泌乳素，泌乳素增高时，女性表现为闭经、不育;男性表现为性功能障碍。还有一种是生长激素，生长激素高时，在青少年主要表现是巨人症，身高可达2米以上，“女巨人”姚德芬就属于这种情况;成年人则是肢端肥大，整个人相貌变得丑陋、走形。还有一种是引起肾上腺皮脂分泌异常，表现为水牛背、面部痤疮、尿频等。

 

尽管表现症状千差万别，确诊却并不难。比如生长激素异常，患者明显的体征异常即可判断。育龄期女性，月经周期突然变长或消失，考虑妇科疾病的同时也要想到是不是垂体腺瘤病。患者需要进行内分泌检查、激素测定、磁共振等检查，可找到真正的病根。如果能及早发现，很多病人通过手术可以得到根治。


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30岁的郑女士身体一直很好，但近3个月都没来月经，到北京人民解放军医院就诊，用“黄体酮”、“倍美力”等药物治疗后，月经来潮仍旧不规律，且月经量很少。

\"突然闭经？有可能是垂体腺瘤\"

　　

前不久，她到医院神经外科就诊，经过脑部核磁共振检查，确诊是垂体腺瘤。经手术治疗后，月经正常了，各项内分泌检查指标也恢复了正常。

　　

有关专家指出，随着现代生活节奏的加快和精神压力的增加，很多疾病更青睐现代女性。据统计，近几年女性垂体腺瘤的患病率明显增加，很多女性出现不明原因的闭经、溢乳症状。由于不知该怎样正确就诊，很多患者延误了治疗时机。

　　

垂体腺瘤在临床上症状很多，既可表现为肢端肥大或巨大症，也可以表现为闭经、溢乳或性欲减退等；少数人表现为甲亢或甲低；少数病人没有明显的内分泌失调症状，仅有视力、视野改变。

　　

垂体腺瘤是常见的颅内良性肿瘤，30—40岁多见，人群发生率一般为十万分之一，有的报道高达十万分之七，约占颅内肿瘤的10％以上。

　　

一旦诊断为垂体腺瘤，患者不必过度紧张焦虑，目前垂体腺瘤的治疗方法很多。对于有明显症状的患者，应根据病情在医生的指导下选择药物治疗（如泌乳素瘤选用多巴胺抑制剂类，生长激素腺瘤选用拟生长抑素类药物）、神经外科手术治疗等。手术治疗主要针对药物治疗效果不佳、肿瘤体积较大、颅内压迫症状较重的垂体腺瘤患者。


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\"u=3395427944,1220214707&fm=200&gp=0.jpg\"/

脑垂体原因位于大脑正中和双眼后方，脑垂体是人体内分泌的总司令部，控制人体内分泌功能，包括血糖、电解质，人体的高矮、男性性征如胡须，女性的月经等都是脑垂体的功能。

 

脑垂体肿瘤出现的时候内分泌功能就会发生改变，人体的代谢以及相应的脏器就会发生一些病理变化，这个病理变化就会带来一些临床症状，肿瘤可以包裹脑垂体，也可以从脑垂体体内生长出来，挤压脑垂体，导致脑垂体功能异常。


","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1517,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1513910711939,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1513910711939,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1507776522121,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"海绵宝宝","password":"hgs1990623110","level":0,"nickName":"张宝宝","realName":null,"signName":"找良医网","head":null,"phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"573253266@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":5,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":2,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110114","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"9681","isDel":0,"createAt":1513849170669,"createBy":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"海绵宝宝","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"脑垂体瘤发病的原因是什么","content":"

\"脑垂体瘤发病的原因是什么\"


一、垂体细胞自身存在缺陷：

 

1、脑垂体是生产内分泌的器官，内函数种内分泌细。胞垂体腺瘤来源于一个突变的细胞，并随之发生单克隆扩增或自身突变导致的细胞复制。

 

2、外部促发因素的介入或缺乏抑制因素：

 

①DA(多巴胺)受体基因表达的缺陷。

 

②癌基因和抑癌基因的作用：癌基因实际上是参与细胞正常生长调节的一类基因，有些癌基因产物即是生长因子及其受体，另一些则是参与生长信号在细胞内的传递过程，其表达的异常均可导致异常的细胞增生。

 

二、下丘脑调节功能失常：

 

1、下丘脑多肽激素促发垂体细胞的增殖，如移植入GHRH基因后，可引发大鼠促GH细胞增生，并进而发展成真正的垂体肿瘤。

 

2、抑制因素的缺乏对肿瘤发生也可起促进作用，如ACTH腺瘤可发生于原发性肾上腺皮质功能低下的病人。


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脑垂体瘤是一种多发的肿瘤，对人们的生活带来许多不便，脑垂体瘤的病因也成为人们争相关注的焦点。

 

\"你了解脑垂体瘤的三大病因吗\"


一、血管因素：垂体腺瘤内血管丰富，形成不规则血窦，血窦壁菲薄，肿瘤体积增大引起局部压力增高导致血管破裂出血。现代血管造影技术已证实垂体腺瘤内血管比正常腺体的血管细小，直径不一。在电镜下观察这些血管不完全成熟，其基底膜呈破裂或节段状，血管周围间隙被血浆蛋白和红细胞压缩，这些均是垂体腺瘤出血的基础。

 

二、肿瘤类型：泌乳素腺瘤多见，这不仅因为它在垂体腺瘤中较多见，而且由于该瘤体积一般较大，易引起局部血液循环和血供障碍。以往认为垂体卒中多见于体积较大的腺瘤，但目前认为小腺瘤亦可发生，许多微小腺瘤卒中后，临床症状不明显，称为亚临床垂体卒中。

 

三、外部刺激诱发：外伤在患垂体腺瘤时，若头部受到外力作用，由于头颅与脑运动速度不一致，肿瘤与脑颅在运动的瞬间发生挤压或牵拉，导致或促进供瘤血管出血，尤其是肿瘤病理血管。垂体腺瘤放射治疗可以使得瘤体内血管增加，增加出血的机会。有实验表明，雌激素能导致垂体充血，易出现垂体卒中。


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