{"countAll":0,"orderType":null,"readLevel":"0","lyTopicReq":{"id":"1169","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":null,"content":null,"barId":"1169","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1036","readLevel":0,"files":null,"clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},"lyBarModerators":{"list":[],"list4Map":null,"pageBegin":0,"pageSize":8,"pageNumber":0,"totalPage":0,"totalRow":0},"metaSearch":{"description":"为您提供:儿童肺炎预防措施_儿童怎么预防肺炎等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"儿童肺炎预防措施_儿童怎么预防肺炎","title":"儿童肺炎预防措施_儿童怎么预防肺炎","channels":null},"data":{"list":[{"id":"8694","isDel":0,"createAt":1512370696490,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"预防小儿肺炎的注意事项有哪些","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512371086007.jpg\" title=\"预防小儿肺炎的注意事项有哪些\" alt=\"预防小儿肺炎的注意事项有哪些\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">小儿肺炎已经成为一种非常常见的儿科疾病，常常给我们的家庭生活带来极大的困扰，如果你还不知道在预防小儿肺炎时有哪些注意事项的话，小编现在就带大家去详细了解一下！</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">宝宝健康成长应该是每个家长的心愿，但是近年来发现患小儿肺炎的小孩在不断的增多。其实引起这种现象的原因有很多，其中有家长平时照顾孩子不周到，还有就是家长对于这种疾病的一些预防方法不够了解。下面就为大家介绍一下预防小儿肺炎应该注意的一些事项。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　在预防小儿肺炎时有哪些注意事项：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　1、免疫接种</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　免疫接种是最有效的预防儿童肺炎的</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">手段。医学界已达成共识，现有三种疫苗可以显着降低儿童感染肺炎并因此死亡的风险，它们是麻疹疫苗、</span>B型流感嗜血杆菌疫苗（HIB）和肺炎球菌结合疫苗（PCV）。目前在中国，仅有麻疹疫苗被纳入免费的国家免疫接种规划。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　2、母乳喂养</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　母乳中含有婴儿赖以生存并成长所需的营养成分、抗氧化剂、激素和抗体，尤为重要的是，它可以让婴儿的免疫系统正常发挥作用。数据显示，对于</span>6个月以下的婴儿，非母乳宝宝死于肺炎的几率是全母乳宝宝的5倍。然而，在发展中国家，半岁以内婴儿的全母乳喂养普及率不足1/3。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　3、补锌</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　日益增加的研究数据显示，缺锌儿童患上肺炎以及因此死亡的风险更高。适当补锌不仅可以减少儿童肺炎的发病率，而且有研究表明，在重症肺炎的急性发病期，补锌还能缩短病程，降低治疗失败率。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　4、充足的营养</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　营养不足会令儿童的总体免疫力降低，因为要使免疫系统正常发挥作用，机体必须摄入足够的蛋白质和能量。此外，营养不良的儿童呼吸肌较弱，清除呼吸道分泌物的能力不足。因此，营养不良的儿童更易受肺炎侵袭。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　以上就是在预防小儿肺炎时有哪些注意事项的相关信息，仅供患者朋友们参考。如果您对此还有其它疑惑，可以与在线医生及时沟通。大家对小儿肺炎有一定了解了吗，更多关于小儿肺炎的疾病请到儿科查看，小编祝大家早日康复。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1169","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1036","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1907,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512370696492,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512370696492,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1507789271266,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"良药苦口","password":"zx13401068656","level":0,"nickName":"周良药","realName":null,"signName":"良药苦口利于病，忠言逆耳利于行！","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1516263139285.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"langlixunta@163.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110114","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"8692","isDel":0,"createAt":1512370592497,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"小儿肺炎并发症有哪些 护理方法有哪些","content":"<p style=\"white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 32px;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512370677224.jpg\" title=\"小儿肺炎并发症有哪些 护理方法有哪些\" alt=\"小儿肺炎并发症有哪些 护理方法有哪些\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">宝宝患了小儿肺炎后，会给宝宝造成很大的危害，有心脏的损害如心理衰竭等，还有大脑的损害。所以我们针对小儿肺炎要早发现早治疗，那么小儿肺炎可以并发哪些疾病呢，今天小编来告诉大家。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　小儿肺炎可以并发哪些疾病呢，如下：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　1、小儿肺炎可以并发哪些疾病呢，其中就有中毒性肠麻痹。表现为高度腹胀、呕吐、便秘和肛管不排气等。腹胀就会压迫心脏和肺脏，使呼吸困难更严重。此时，面包苍白发灰，腹部叩诊呈鼓音，肠鸣音消失，呕吐物可呈咖啡色或粪便样物等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　2、小儿肺炎可以并发哪些疾病呢，还有中毒性休克，也就是体温骤升达40～41℃或骤降，寒战、面色灰白、烦躁或昏迷、多汗、皮肤呈大理石花样改变，血压下降或测不出，同时出现多脏器功能改变，症状凶险。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　3、小儿肺炎可以并发哪些疾病呢，还包括缺氧性脑病，肺炎呼吸困难缺氧重时，小儿呕吐、头痛、嗜睡或烦躁不安，继之昏迷惊厥。脑病发病较急，来势凶猛，病情险恶，往往与多种并发症交错出现，相互影响，使病情变得更为复杂，病死率高。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">小儿肺炎并发症有哪些</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">小儿肺炎的护理</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">小儿肺炎的治疗</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　小儿肺炎护理方法</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　1、室温应保持在20℃左右为宜，相对湿度55-65%，以防呼吸道分泌物变干不易咳出。防止交叉感染。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　2、注意营养及水份供应；应尽量母乳喂养，若人工喂养可根据其消化功能及病情决定奶量及浓度，如有腹泻者给予脱脂奶对幼儿或儿童宜供应清淡、易消化、富有多种维生素的饮食恢复期病儿应给营养丰富，高热量食物。对危重病儿不能进食者给静脉输液补充热量和水份。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　3、保持呼吸道通畅：应及时清除鼻痂，鼻腔分泌物和呼吸道痰液。改善通气功能增加肺泡通气量，纠正缺氧，减轻CO2潴留痰多稀薄者，可以反复翻身拍背以利于痰液排出。也可口服祛痰药物氯化铵合剂痰粘稠不易咳出者，可吸痰或用超声雾化吸入。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1169","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1036","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1357,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512370592499,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512370592499,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1507789271266,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"良药苦口","password":"zx13401068656","level":0,"nickName":"周良药","realName":null,"signName":"良药苦口利于病，忠言逆耳利于行！","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1516263139285.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"langlixunta@163.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110114","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"8651","isDel":0,"createAt":1512355970351,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"小儿肺炎慎用抗生素！重在预防","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512356596420.jpg\" title=\"小儿肺炎慎用抗生素！重在预防\" alt=\"小儿肺炎慎用抗生素！重在预防\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">小儿肺炎是小儿最常见的一种呼吸道疾病，四季均易发生，</span>3岁以内的婴幼儿在冬、春季节患肺炎较多。如治疗不彻底，易反复发作、引起多种重症并发症，影响孩子发育。表现为发热、咳嗽、气促、呼吸困难和肺部细湿啰音，也有不发热而咳喘重者。其病因主要是小儿素喜吃过甜、过咸、油炸等食物，致宿食积滞而生内热，痰热壅盛，偶遇风寒使肺气不宣，二者互为因果而发生肺炎。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">肺炎的治疗方式</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　一般病毒性肺炎，只要给予一些症状治疗药物及呼吸辅助疗法即可，抗生素使用并无法缩短疗程，但在下列情形下，就需合并抗生素治疗：（一）病童呈现急性病容及症状严重。（二）有合并细菌性感染的征兆。（三）年纪在三个月以下的小婴儿。（四）免疫缺损的病童。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　但是细菌性肺炎就一定要用抗生素治疗。然而因为孩童大多不会咳嗽，因此要从痰液中诊断致病菌，并不容易，若要做气管镜直接取出痰液，家长往往因惧怕而不能接受。所以临床上治疗时，常采经验用药法则，也就是由上述不同年龄和好发的细菌来推测，先选用有效的抗生素，例如怀疑肺炎双球菌时使用盘尼西林，怀疑是嗜血性感冒杆菌时，则选用安比血林治疗，若怀疑是霉浆菌，则要用红霉素。再以病童临床的反应及细菌培养的结果，决定是否要更换药物。细菌性肺炎的治疗通常需要七至十天，若有脓胸发生，则需放置胸管加以引流，如有肋膜积水，需做肋膜穿刺，以取得肋膜液做检查及培养，才能选择有效的治疗药物。近年来，由于抗生素的滥用，导致细菌抗药性逐年增加，因此在治疗细菌性肺炎常会失败，而需使用更强的抗生素，所以应慎用抗生素以减少细菌抗药性的产生。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　此外，蒸气喷雾吸入及拍痰法，对肺炎症状的改善也有帮助。由于痰沈积在肺的底部，黏稠且不易咳出，蒸气喷雾吸入的目的，是让痰液变稀且使支气管扩张，如此痰液比较容易被排出，若再配合拍痰方法，可使气管壁上之痰液震动、松脱，再加上姿势引流，就可使痰液更容易咳出，病情也会较快恢复。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　小儿肺炎的预防护理</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　（一）注意营养，多在室外活动，多晒太阳，防止佝偻病和营养不良。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　（二）避免接触呼吸道感染的病人。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　（三）保持安静，避免躁动及过多诊疗措施。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　（四）室内空气要新鲜，凉爽，保持一定的湿度。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　（五）要勤翻身，多抱并轻拍背。拍背时由两侧往中间拍。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　（六）重病患儿要先抢救，稳定后再行推拿。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　（七）病愈后要推补肺，揉大椎，推膻中、，擦背脊，每日一次，或隔日一次，具有保健和预防作用。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　小儿肺炎有典型症状，也有不典型的，新生儿肺炎尤其不典型。由细菌和病毒引起的肺炎最为多见。目前可通过疫苗预防小儿肺炎。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1169","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1036","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1346,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512355970356,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512355970356,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1507789271266,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"良药苦口","password":"zx13401068656","level":0,"nickName":"周良药","realName":null,"signName":"良药苦口利于病，忠言逆耳利于行！","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1516263139285.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"langlixunta@163.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110114","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"8650","isDel":0,"createAt":1512355723458,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":1512355872578,"updateBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"良药苦口","userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"父母须知 有效预防小儿肺炎的4大秘诀","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512355803169.jpg\" title=\"父母须知 有效预防小儿肺炎的4大秘诀\" alt=\"父母须知 有效预防小儿肺炎的4大秘诀\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">肺炎是小儿比较常见的顽疾，不仅难以完全治愈，还会影响到宝宝的生长发育，因此预防肺炎是很重要的一件事。你知道预防肺炎有什么好秘诀吗？下面跟着小编来学习一下。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">　　有效预防小儿肺炎的</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">4大秘诀：</span><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　秘诀一：母乳喂养可预防小儿肺炎</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">　母乳喂养可以有效预防小儿肺炎。母乳，尤其是初乳中含有大量的分泌型免疫球蛋白</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">A，这种物质可以起到保护呼吸道粘膜免遭病原体的侵袭，达到防病的目的。此外，还要防止胎内感染。如果母亲有感染以及难产娩出的宝宝有可能患肺炎时可考虑选用抗生素预防。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　另外，家中卧室要经常开窗进行通风换气，尽量减少亲戚朋友的探视，尤其是患感冒等感染性疾病的人员不宜接触宝宝，家庭人员接触宝宝应该认真洗手，以防将病原体传给宝宝而患病。同时最好天天给宝宝洗澡，避免皮肤、粘膜破损，保持脐部清洁干燥，避免污染，以达到预防小儿肺炎的目的。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　秘诀二：接种肺炎疫苗是预防的一种好办法</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">　肺炎球菌性肺炎占所有重症肺炎的</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">50%，具有高发病率，高致残率和高死亡率的特点。对于肺炎球菌性疾病，预防还是胜于治疗。“对于身体比较健康的宝宝可以不用接种该疫苗，但对于抵抗力较弱的宝宝，可以考虑接种。”专家表示，七价肺炎球菌结合疫苗适用于2岁以下的儿童，均为国外进口，尚无国产疫苗可以替代，接种该疫苗后可有效预防小儿肺炎、脑膜炎、中耳炎等。但是，接种该疫苗后并不等于就“百分百”不会患上肺炎，目前该疫苗只能预防肺炎球菌引起的肺炎，对病毒性肺炎、支原体衣原体引起的肺炎没有效果。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　小儿肺炎疫苗要连打</span>4针才有效。小儿肺炎疫苗适用于3月龄～2岁婴幼儿、未接种过本疫苗的2岁～5岁儿童，推荐常规免疫接种程序：3、4、5月龄进行基础免疫、12～15月龄加强免疫。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　秘诀三：了解肺炎症状，才能更好地预防肺炎</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">　俗语说，知己知彼百战百胜，对于疾病而言也有一定的道理。要更好的预防肺炎，必须事先了解清楚肺炎的症状，将肺炎扼杀在源头上。由于肺炎缺乏典型症状，因此当宝宝一旦出现以下情况时，爸妈就要引起注意了，要及时送宝宝到医院就诊。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　1、发热情况</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">　　儿童罹患肺炎时大多有发热症状，体温多在</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">38℃以上，持续两三天时间，退热药的效果不明显，退热药只能使体温暂时下降一会儿，不久便又上升。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　但同时也应该警惕不发热的小儿肺炎，宝宝患肺炎体温也可能不发烧，甚至体温低于正常。发烧时间长短，也不能作为判断肺炎的依据。有的宝宝发烧仅两天就已发展为肺炎，而有的宝宝发烧一周也并不是肺炎引起的。所以但从发热并不能判断孩子是否患了肺炎，还需结合其他几方面判断。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　2、咳嗽和呼吸</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">　　判断孩子是否罹患肺炎还需看孩子有无咳、喘和呼吸是否困难。感冒和支气管炎引起的咳、喘多呈阵发性，一般不会出现呼吸困难。若咳、喘较重，静止时呼吸频率增快（即不到</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">2个月婴儿呼吸次数≥60次/分；2—12个月婴儿≥50次/分；1—5岁幼儿≥40次/分），两侧鼻翼一张一张的，口唇发青或发紫，一旦出现上述症状，提示病情严重，不可拖延。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　病毒性肺炎的病原体</span>50%以上是呼吸道合胞病毒，该型肺炎占小儿肺炎住院总数的三分之一。好发于冬春季。最典型的好发年龄是6个月—3岁大。这些孩子往往起病急，先有“感冒”症状，持续时间约3天，表现发低烧（测量体温在38℃左右）、流清鼻涕水、咳嗽，约60%患儿也可不发烧。2—3天后咳嗽加重，呼吸快而浅表，每分钟可达60—100次。最突出的症状是喘、憋、呼气延长，喘鸣之声音有时不必用听诊器，只要靠近患儿就可听到，患儿非常痛苦。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　3、精神状态</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">　　要想及时发现儿童肺炎，细心的妈妈们也应该注意孩子的精神状态。如果孩子在发热、咳嗽、喘的同时精神很好、能玩、爱笑，则提示患肺炎的可能性很小。相反，孩子精神状态不佳、口唇青紫、烦躁、哭闹或昏睡、抽风，少数患儿可出现谵语则说明孩子病得较严重，得肺炎的可能性较大。孩子在患肺炎初期既可能精神并无明显变化，也可能精神状态不佳。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　4、食欲</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">　　得了肺炎食欲会显著下降，小儿得了肺炎，不吃东西，或一吃奶就哭闹不安。如果确诊孩子已经得了肺炎后，应继续喂奶、喂食，多喝汤类食物，如果患儿食欲减退，应少量多餐，哺乳婴儿应增加每天的喂奶次数，以增强营养与体力。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　5、胸部</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">　　由于儿童的胸壁薄，有时不用听诊器也能听到水泡音，所以细心的家长可以在孩子安静或睡着时听听他的胸部。听儿童胸部时，要求室温在</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">18℃以上，脱去孩子的上衣，将耳朵轻轻地贴在孩子脊柱两侧的胸壁，仔细倾听。肺炎患儿在吸气时会听到“咕噜儿”、“咕噜儿”的声音，医生称之为细小水泡音，这是肺部发炎的重要体征。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　同时仔细观察孩子有无胸凹陷（在吸气时，两侧肋骨边缘处内陷随呼吸起伏）。如果出现此情况，则需马上送孩子去医院确诊以便及时治疗。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　秘诀四：怀孕期间开始预防小儿肺炎</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">　妇定期进行产前检查至关重要，尤其是在怀孕末期。如果在产前检查中，医生发现你有妊娠高血压、胎位不正、脐带缠绕、胎儿受压等情况，或者你是过期妊娠，那么他就会采取相应的监护和治疗措施。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　预防小儿肺炎，妈妈们要预防和积极治疗阴道炎等感染性疾病。怀孕期间，准妈妈的一些感染性疾病，也可能会经胎盘感染胎儿。比如，在少数情况下，准妈妈阴道内的细菌和支原体等可能会进入子宫，并经胎盘感染胎儿。要预防你的宝宝患新生儿感染性肺炎，非常重要的是保持你生活环境的清洁卫生，更加要注意个人卫生。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　小儿肺炎是多发疾病，一旦出现会严重威胁宝宝健康，为了避免宝宝受到肺炎的侵扰，爸爸妈妈要做好全面的防护措施，呵护好宝宝健康地成长！</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1169","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1036","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1368,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512355723460,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512355723460,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1507789271266,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"良药苦口","password":"zx13401068656","level":0,"nickName":"周良药","realName":null,"signName":"良药苦口利于病，忠言逆耳利于行！","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1516263139285.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"langlixunta@163.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110114","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"1528","isDel":0,"createAt":1486280334791,"createBy":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","createName":"海总剑客","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","title":"预防宝宝肺炎的方法","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; line-height: 28px; color: #333333; font-family: 宋体, Arial, Helvetica; white-space: normal;\">　　</p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img title=\"1486280783629.jpg\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1486280783629.jpg\" alt=\"1464231200386.jpg\" /></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; line-height: 28px; color: #333333; font-family: 宋体, Arial, Helvetica; white-space: normal;\">&nbsp; &nbsp;宝宝身心健康严重影响着家庭的生活质量，针对这一疾病，小编接下来将给大家介绍一些相关的预防方法以及护理措施，希望这些有关小儿<a style=\"color: #333333; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"http://www.39yst.com/zhuanti/feiyan/\" target=\"_blank\">肺炎</a>的预防方法以及护理的措施能够给宝宝的身体健康带来帮助。具体内容大家请看下文的介绍。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; line-height: 28px; color: #333333; font-family: 宋体, Arial, Helvetica; white-space: normal;\">　　<strong><a style=\"color: #333333; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"http://www.39yst.com/flist/689631-1.html\" target=\"_blank\">怎么预防小儿肺炎</a></strong></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; line-height: 28px; color: #333333; font-family: 宋体, Arial, Helvetica; white-space: normal;\"><strong>　　常喝水</strong></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; line-height: 28px; color: #333333; font-family: 宋体, Arial, Helvetica; white-space: normal;\">　　俗话说的好，白开水治百病，虽然有些夸张，但是多喝水对于疾病的预防还是很有效果的。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; line-height: 28px; color: #333333; font-family: 宋体, Arial, Helvetica; white-space: normal;\">　　家长朋友们可以让孩子多喝温白开水，当然要适时适量，这样不但可以预防感冒，更重要的是对孩子胃肠道和肺部有益。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; line-height: 28px; color: #333333; font-family: 宋体, Arial, Helvetica; white-space: normal; text-align: left;\"><strong>室内空气</strong></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; line-height: 28px; color: #333333; font-family: 宋体, Arial, Helvetica; white-space: normal;\">　　空气往往是传播和制造疾病的最佳场所，很多疾病都是由于空气环境不洁净造成的。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; line-height: 28px; color: #333333; font-family: 宋体, Arial, Helvetica; white-space: normal;\">　　因此保持室内空气洁净，新鲜，房间内不要太干燥，让孩子处于一个干净的生活环境中是预防肺炎的有效途径。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; line-height: 28px; color: #333333; font-family: 宋体, Arial, Helvetica; white-space: normal;\">　<strong>　注意饮食</strong></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; line-height: 28px; color: #333333; font-family: 宋体, Arial, Helvetica; white-space: normal;\">　　病从口入，尤其是尚未发育完全的孩子，身体的抵抗能力还不够强，如果饮食不合理或者食物不洁净很容易造成孩子生病，引发肺炎等各种疾病，想要预防肺炎，还要妥善的管理孩子的饮食。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; line-height: 28px; color: #333333; font-family: 宋体, Arial, Helvetica; white-space: normal;\"><strong>　　远离病源</strong></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; line-height: 28px; color: #333333; font-family: 宋体, Arial, Helvetica; white-space: normal;\">　　孩子抵抗力很弱，如果来到带有病菌的地方很容易被这些病毒入侵从而造成肺炎等各种疾病，因此做家长的应该尽可能避免孩子接触呼吸道感染的病人。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; line-height: 28px; color: #333333; font-family: 宋体, Arial, Helvetica; white-space: normal;\">　　在疾病流行的季节应少带孩子串门，尽量不到公共场所去，家里有人患感冒则应减少与孩子接触。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; line-height: 28px; color: #333333; font-family: 宋体, Arial, Helvetica; white-space: normal;\">　<strong>　增减衣物</strong></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; line-height: 28px; color: #333333; font-family: 宋体, Arial, Helvetica; white-space: normal;\">　　孩子还处于懵懂时期，对于是否该添减衣物并没有一个明确的概念。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; line-height: 28px; color: #333333; font-family: 宋体, Arial, Helvetica; white-space: normal;\">　　作为家长，应该及时为孩子增减衣物，当孩子已经出汗时，不要马上脱掉衣服，不要让孩子在出汗的情况下突然到冷空气中，这些都是做家长的应该注意的。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; line-height: 28px; color: #333333; font-family: 宋体, Arial, Helvetica; white-space: normal;\">　　<strong>锻炼身体</strong></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; line-height: 28px; color: #333333; font-family: 宋体, Arial, Helvetica; white-space: normal;\">　　锻炼身体才是预防疾病的王道，不论是大人或者孩子，但是孩子仍然有区别于大人，不同年龄段的孩子适合不同的锻炼方式，家长应该根据孩子自身的情况，每天适当的安排孩子进行体育锻炼。</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1169","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1036","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1796,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486280334795,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486280334791,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1479808372065,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"海总剑客","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"洞医客服微信2276635444","realName":null,"signName":"洞医网提醒您：请仔细阅读产品说明书或者在医务人员的指导下购买和使用，禁忌内容或者注意事项详见说明书","head":null,"phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"756954943@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"4719","isDel":0,"createAt":1486280266244,"createBy":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","createName":"海总剑客","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","title":"小儿肺炎有5个常见症状 如何有效预防肺炎","content":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img title=\"1486280556185.jpg\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1486280556185.jpg\" alt=\"1708520.jpg\" /><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">&nbsp; 小儿肺炎的症状很容易和感冒混为一谈，所以家长要很明确的知道小儿肺炎症状都有哪些，这样才能做到早发现早治疗，不会耽误到孩子的病情。今天，爸爸妈妈就和小编一起来看看小儿肺炎的症状和治疗方法都是怎样的吧。</span></p>\n<p style=\"padding: 0px; margin-top: 26px; margin-bottom: 26px; text-indent: 2em; color: #252525; font-family: 宋体, sans-serif; line-height: 28px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;\">&nbsp;</p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">小儿肺炎有这</span></strong><strong><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">5</span></strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">个常见症状</span></strong></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">发热情况：儿童罹患肺炎时大多有发热症状，体温多在</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">38 </span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">以上，持续两三天时间，退热药只能使体温暂时下降一会儿，不久便又上升。儿童感冒虽然也会发热，但体温多数在</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">38 </span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">以下，持续时间较短，退热药的效果也较明显。但同时也应该警惕不发热的小儿肺炎，宝宝患肺炎体温可能会很高，但也可能不发烧，甚至体温低于正常。发烧时间长短，也不能作为判断肺炎的依据。有的宝宝发烧仅两天就已发展为肺炎，而有的宝宝发烧一周也并不是肺炎引起的。所以但从发热并不能判断孩子是否患了肺炎，还需结合其他几方面判断。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">咳嗽和呼吸：判断还是是否罹患肺炎还需看孩子有无咳、喘和呼吸是否困难。感冒和支气管炎引起的咳、喘多呈阵发性，一般不会出现呼吸困难。若咳、喘较重，静止时呼吸频率增快（即不到</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">个月婴儿呼吸次数</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\"> 60</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">次</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">/</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">分；</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">2-12</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">个月婴儿</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\"> 50</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">次</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">/</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">分；</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">1-5</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">岁幼儿</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\"> 40</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">次</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">/</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">分），两侧鼻翼一张一张的，口唇发青或发紫，一旦出现上述症状，提示病情严重，不可拖延。病毒性肺炎的病原体</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">50%</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">以上是呼吸道合胞病毒，该型肺炎占小儿肺炎住院总数的三分之一。好发于冬春季。最典型的好发年龄是</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">6</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">个月</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">-3</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">岁大。这些孩子往往起病急，先有</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">感冒</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">症状，持续时间约</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">3</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">天，表现发低烧（测量体温在</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">38 </span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">左右）、流清鼻涕水、咳嗽，约</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">60%</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">患儿也可不发烧。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">2-3</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">天后咳嗽加重，呼吸快而浅表，每分钟可达</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">60-100</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">次。最突出的症状是喘、憋、呼气延长，喘鸣之声音有时不必用听诊器，只要靠近患儿就可听到，患儿非常痛苦。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">精神状态：要想及时发现儿童肺炎，细心的妈妈们也应该注意孩子的精神状态。如果孩子在发热、咳嗽、喘的同时精神很好、能玩、爱笑，则提示患肺炎的可能性很小。相反，孩子精神状态不佳、口唇青紫、烦躁、哭闹或昏睡、抽风，少数患儿可出现谵语则说明孩子病得较严重，得肺炎的可能性较大。孩子在患肺炎初期既可能精神并无明显变化，也可能精神状态不佳。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">食欲：得了肺炎食欲会显著下降，小儿得了肺炎，不吃东西，或一吃奶就哭闹不安。如果确诊孩子已经得了肺炎后，应继续喂奶、喂食，多喝汤类食物，如果患儿食欲减退，应少量多餐，哺乳婴儿应增加每天的喂奶次数，以增强营养与体力。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">胸部：由于儿童的胸壁薄，有时不用听诊器也能听到水泡音，所以细心的家长可以在孩子安静或睡着时听听他的胸部。听儿童胸部时，要求室温在</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">18 </span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">以上，脱去孩子的上衣，将耳朵轻轻地贴在孩子脊柱两侧的胸壁，仔细倾听。肺炎患儿在吸气时会听到&ldquo;咕噜儿&rdquo;、&ldquo;咕噜儿&rdquo;的声音，医生称之为细小水泡音，这是肺部发炎的重要体征。同时仔细观察孩子有无胸凹陷（在吸气时，两侧肋骨边缘处内陷随呼吸起伏）。如果出现此情况，则需马上送孩子去医院确诊以便及时治疗。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">预防小儿肺炎从五个方面入手</span></strong></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">、孩子患病后应立即到医院检查，经医师诊断后并给予合理用药，以防误诊和不合理用药。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">、冬季尽量不带小儿到公共场合、人员拥挤的地方活动，房间应经常通风，保持空气新鲜。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">3</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">、小儿应经常进行体育锻炼，增强体质。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">4</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">、小儿膳食应搭配合理，注意补充蛋白质，多吃蔬菜、水果等富含维生素的食物。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">5</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">、易反复感染肺炎的患儿，在冬季来临之前应注射预防肺炎的疫苗。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">小儿肺炎食疗方</span></strong></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">、杷叶</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">15</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">克，粳米</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">50</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">克。先煎枇杷叶，去渣取汁，人粳米煮作粥，空腹食用。本方适用于小儿肺炎。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">、梨</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">个，川贝母</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">4</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">克，冰糖</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">30</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">克，湿豆粉</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">10</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">克。将梨洗净，削皮，去核，切成</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">12</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">瓣，川贝母洗净，梨块装入蒸碗内，再放入川贝母、冰糖，加开水</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">50</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">毫升，用湿棉纸封严碗口，上笼蒸</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">小时取出，梨块摆人盘内，原汁倒入锅中，加清水少许，用湿豆粉勾芡，淋在梨上。随意服食。本方适用于小儿肺炎之属于风热闭肺者。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">3</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">、防风</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">10--15</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">克，葱白</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">茎，粳米</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">50--100</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">克。取防风、葱白煎取药汁，去渣。先用粳米煮粥，待粥将熟时加入药汁，煮成稀粥服食。本方适用于风寒闭肺之肺炎患者。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">4</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">、牛奶</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">250</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">克，白糖少许。将鲜牛奶煮开后，加白糖少许调味饮用。本方适用于小儿肺炎恢复期。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">5</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">、豆豉</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">15</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">克，葱须</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">30</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">克，黄酒</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">20</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">毫升。将豆豉加水</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">小碗，煮煎</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">10</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">分钟，再加洗净的葱须继续煎煮</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">5</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">分钟，最后加黄酒，出锅，趁热顿服。本方适用于小儿肺炎属于风寒闭肺者。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>","barId":"1169","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1036","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1722,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486280266258,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486280266244,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1479808372065,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"海总剑客","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"洞医客服微信2276635444","realName":null,"signName":"洞医网提醒您：请仔细阅读产品说明书或者在医务人员的指导下购买和使用，禁忌内容或者注意事项详见说明书","head":null,"phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"756954943@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"3056","isDel":0,"createAt":1486276642845,"createBy":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","createName":"海总剑客","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","title":"冬春季预防小儿肺炎不可轻视","content":"<p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1486277291798.gif\" title=\"1486277291798.gif\" alt=\"20130114023902264.gif\"/></p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp;<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none; font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">肺炎</a><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">在儿童时期，可能有不少的人都曾患过，特别是一些体质差、佝偻病、营养不良、缺铁性</span><a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/pinxue.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none; font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">贫血</a><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">的孩子，发生呼吸道感染的机会就会比没有这些疾病的孩子高，特别是在冬春季节，呼吸道感染可引起发热,咳嗽,急性</span><a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/ganmao.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none; font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">上呼吸道感染</a><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">症状，若是没有得到及时的治疗若发展下去就有可能出现</span><a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none; font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">肺炎</a><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">。&nbsp;</span></p><p><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 当孩子患</span><a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none; font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">肺炎</a><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">，应及时的上医院进行治疗，以免出现一些并发症、俗语说&quot;三分治疗，七分护理&quot;</span><a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none; font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">肺炎</a><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">病人除了药物治疗外，生活护理也非常的重要，我们在临床上就经常遇到一些小病人由于治疗不合理造成一些并发症，使病加重，虽然大多数的</span><a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none; font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">肺炎</a><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">可由细菌引起，但其它致病原因，还有病毒性</span><a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none; font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">肺炎</a><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">，支原体</span><a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none; font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">肺炎</a><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">、霉菌性</span><a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none; font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">肺炎</a><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">、若是滥用抗生素类药物，不但达不到治疗效果，还可引起各种副反应，我们在临床发现，有不少的家长、当发现小儿生病后不能及时的上医院就诊，他们有的上个人诊所就诊，有的自己买一点药给孩子吃，因为各人的病情不同，个体差异也不相同，为此应用药物对各人的敏感性也不尽相同，当服药不佳时，病情发生了变化才上医院治疗，这时病情的程度就会加重，曾有一个病人因为咳嗽10余天，由于发病早期症状不严重，只是偶咳嗽、无痰、家长并未引起重视，自己在药店自购一些抗生素给孩子吃，但服药后效果不佳、继而出现发热并出现急促、烦躁不安,口周发青,家长才送医院就诊，这时的病情已非常的严重除以上的症状外，医生检查时发现双肺满布水泡音及痰鸣音，心率这时达180次/分、肝脏增大至4厘米，出现典型的重症</span><a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none; font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">肺炎</a><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">并充血性心力衰竭、经医生吸氧,镇静、利尿,强心等一系列的治疗后病情才有所好转，像这样情况的发生，就有很多病人是因为就诊不及时所造成，为此，作为家长应密切的观察孩子的病情变化，当小儿出现有咳嗽发热时应及时的上医院进行治疗，以免病-的加重，经过这样一番折腾，家长才认识到小儿患</span><a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none; font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">肺炎</a><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">对孩子的影响的严重性。 家长害怕孩子再次出现病情的反复，想了解对</span><a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none; font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">肺炎</a><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">病人应如何进行护理，其实家庭护理对每一个生病的孩子都非常的重要，当小儿有呼吸困难,痰多时，应每隔2-3小时轻轻的为孩子拍拍背，适当的翻身、最好是侧卧位、拍背的目的是避免孩子长时间一种体位使肺部受压迫，拍背有利于痰的排出和炎症的吸收。</span></p><p><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 若恢复期在家中应注意室内的通风换气，减少空气中的致病细菌，保持室内的温度和湿度，给孩子们穿衣不宜过多、被褥不宜太厚，因为过热会使患儿烦躁、诱发呼吸急促、加重呼吸困难、当出现呼吸困难时，可将忱头垫至背部，以利于呼吸畅通。根据不同年--的</span><a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none; font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">肺炎</a><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">病人，提供营养丰富易消化吸收的食物，对婴儿少量多餐辅乳，适当的喝些开水、若人工喂养的孩子牛奶不宜浓度太高、若发生呛奶要及时清除鼻孔内的乳汁,对幼儿要加幼儿饮食，吃易消化、营养丰富、清淡的食物，千万不能认为孩子生了病体质差了，补充大量的高蛋白食品，以免引起消化不良，增加病人的痛苦，还要鼓励孩子多饮水，吃一些水果多吃蔬菜，这样才有利于孩子身体的提高。 在家庭护理的同时，也不能忘了客观观察孩子的精神，脸色、呼吸、体温及咳嗽的情况变化，当出现严重的咳嗽、体温上升，伴有突然的呼吸困难加重、烦躁不安、痰多阻塞呼吸道的情况,应立即的上医院，进行吸痰、吸氧改善孩子的缺氧状况，进行输液治疗。孩子生病是难免的，特别是一些呼吸系统疾病，只要家长们多留心观察孩子的变化、当出现有早期病时能及时的上医院，就可以避免&quot;亡羊补牢&quot;的一些做法，使疾病消灭在发病的萌芽之中.&nbsp;</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1169","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1036","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1972,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486276642846,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486276642845,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1479808372065,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"海总剑客","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"洞医客服微信2276635444","realName":null,"signName":"洞医网提醒您：请仔细阅读产品说明书或者在医务人员的指导下购买和使用，禁忌内容或者注意事项详见说明书","head":null,"phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"756954943@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"2259","isDel":0,"createAt":1486276550882,"createBy":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","createName":"海总剑客","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","title":"家长怎样及早判断及预防小儿肺炎？","content":"<p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1486276862778.jpg\" title=\"1486276862778.jpg\" alt=\"1464231200386.jpg\"/></p><p><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">肺炎是小儿常见的呼吸道疾病，温差变化大的天气，体质差的孩子容易着凉感染肺炎。家长朋友们最担心的是孩子咳嗽是不是患了肺炎了？如何预防肺炎呢？</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">一、是否肺炎我们主要从呼吸快慢和症状轻重二方面判断。</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">1、呼吸快慢 ：</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">肺炎呼吸加快、急促。如果孩子发热、咳嗽、呼吸急促，就不是简单的感冒而可能是肺炎了。</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">2、症状轻重：</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">① 一般来说，肺炎症状较重，宝宝常有咳嗽剧烈、发烧、精神萎靡，食欲不振，烦躁不安，呼吸增快或表浅表现。重症的肺炎患儿还可能出呼吸困难、鼻翼扇动、三凹征、口唇及指甲发绀等症状；</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">② 肺炎容易出现并发症如心功能衰竭、脓胸、肺脓肿、心肌炎及中毒性脑病等，大人切不可等闲视之，应及时去医院治疗。</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">二、如何预防肺炎？</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">1、预防小儿肺炎，增强体质、提高身体抵抗能力是关键 ；</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">2、避免环境影响 ：</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">① 最好不要带幼儿到公共场所、人员拥挤的地方活动 ；</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">② 房间应经常通风、保持空气清新、干爽；</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">③ 父母感冒时应尽可能少接触年幼子女，接触时应带口罩。</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">3、加强营养、积极预防佝偻病、营养不良等：</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">① 提倡户外活动，多晒太阳；</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">② 培养良好的饮食及卫生习惯 。</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">4、加强家庭护理：</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">① 小儿衣着不过厚或过薄，以不出汗为度；</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">② 婴幼儿不要包裹过紧；</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">③ 加强早产儿及体弱儿（有基础性疾病）的保护和护理。</span></p>","barId":"1169","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1036","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1523,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486276550884,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486276550882,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1479808372065,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"海总剑客","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"洞医客服微信2276635444","realName":null,"signName":"洞医网提醒您：请仔细阅读产品说明书或者在医务人员的指导下购买和使用，禁忌内容或者注意事项详见说明书","head":null,"phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"756954943@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"4542","isDel":0,"createAt":1486276383234,"createBy":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","createName":"海总剑客","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","title":"关键5步，预防儿童肺炎","content":"<p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1486276369733.png\" title=\"1486276369733.png\" alt=\"mp55033303_1453087672956_2_th.png\"/></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">小儿肺炎是一种较严重的呼吸系统疾病，它起病急、病情重、进展快，直接威胁宝宝的健康乃至生命，据统计，我国每年</span>5<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">岁以下儿童肺炎死亡率占世界儿童肺炎死亡率的近</span>10%<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">。其实，多数肺炎患儿在发病前都有数日上呼吸道感染症状（即感冒），上呼吸道感染未被控制，才会继而下行感染，引发气管</span>-<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">支气管炎、肺炎等下呼吸道感染疾病。预防肺炎，宝宝发病之初的干预很关键，若父母每次都以为宝宝只是普通感冒，粗心大意，未充分重视，最终会贻误病情，增加肺炎的发病几率。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">&nbsp;</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><strong style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">第</span>1</strong><strong style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">步：感冒也要及时就诊</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 29px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">肺炎在发病之初跟感冒的症状很相似，虽然两者存在着密切的关系，在严重程度上有着很大的差别，但父母往往认为，感冒根本不用去医院，这恰恰是感冒发展为肺炎的一个很重要的原因。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 29px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">宝宝感冒，去儿科看病，医生首先要帮孩子听诊。听诊非常有意义，如果听诊时患儿肺部有固定的中、小水泡音，就说明患上了支气管肺炎。去医院看病，还有一件很重要的事，就是血常规检查。血常规检查是帮助医生判断患儿是病毒性感染还是细菌性感染的一项重要指标，有时候甚至可以反映出孩子感染的严重程度（在细菌性感染时，白细胞和</span>C<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">反应蛋白升高与感染的严重程度呈正比）。经过一系列的检查之后，医生会为宝宝的病情做出一个基本判断（是否有肺炎的表现或是普通感冒），并嘱咐父母，如果孩子病情有变化（咳嗽不见好转或出现呼吸急促），要及时复诊。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 29px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">这些都有利于父母了解宝宝此次生病与以往生病有何不同，在医生的提示下留意宝宝生病期间的表现，采取正确的方式治疗疾病，预防肺炎的发生。即使宝宝发展为肺炎，也可以第一时间发现并干预，可以有效地缩短病程、更快痊愈。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 29px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">必须提醒广大家长朋友们的是，有些不典型的肺炎表现可能会与普通感冒相似，例如低热、咳嗽等，可能会被大家误认为是感冒，在家自己给药而不去医院诊治，从而导致病情的延误和加重。所以如果孩子在服用感冒药后一到两天仍然出现持续低热、咳嗽加重，甚至伴有气喘、气促等表现，必须尽快带孩子到医院就诊，以免延误和加重病情。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(255, 102, 0);\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><strong style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">第</span>2</strong><strong style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">步：找找病因</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">宝宝每次生病起因都不一样，更全面细致地去发现并陈述宝宝生病的可能引发因素，可以在就诊时帮助医生判断病情，医生在做出诊断的同时，根据宝宝的发病况状，也会提示父母宝宝发展为肺炎的可能性。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 29px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">找病因时，不防从以下几个方面进行：</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 29px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">近几天宝宝的作息是否规律，有没有生活变动，或者睡得太晚的情况；</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 29px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">近几天是否带宝宝去过人群密集的场所，是否接触过“可疑病患”；</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 29px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">近几天的天气如何，是否存在忽冷忽热、雾霾及突然降温的情况；</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 29px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">宝宝近几天精神状态和饮食排便情况如何，是否有懒言厌食或暴饮暴食、便秘腹泻等；</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 29px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">近段时间家人是否有患病，在生病期间是否采取了有效地防护感染措施。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 29px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">通常生病都是外界环境和身体自身两种因素共同作用的结果。病因查找能帮父母粗略了解一下，孩子此次生病的原因及严重程度，提高预防肺炎的警惕性。比如孩子玩得太兴奋，身体疲劳，又休息不好，免疫能力肯定会受影响，如果又恰好接触到了细菌或病毒感染源，就很容易发病，甚至会比较严重。如果宝宝只是因为受凉出现较轻微的打喷嚏、流鼻涕症状，就很可能只是一次普通的感冒。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 29px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">值得我们注意的是，孩子如果患有以下这些基础疾病，就要特别注意，因为这些疾病都是引起孩子患上肺炎的高危因素，常见的像佝偻病、营养不良、营养性贫血、先天性心脏病等，对这些孩子的家庭护理必须特别的注意，首先要保持充分的睡眠、保证足够的营养摄入，及时添减衣物，防止孩子受凉感冒，一旦孩子出现了呼吸道感染的症状，最好去医院就诊，在医师的指导下用药。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(255, 102, 0);\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><strong style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">第</span>3</strong><strong style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">步：细看病情</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">每个宝宝都是不同的个体，对某位宝宝来说，他可能每次生病都有差异，但也可以发现一些规律。细心的父母一定要注意发现每次生病孩子的基本表现是什么，有哪些规律，这次生病与以往生病有何不同。这样有利于父母对宝宝病情做一些粗略的判断（比如以前感冒很少咳嗽，但这次咳嗽声不断），虽然是些粗略的判断，但对预防肺炎也有很重要的意义。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">感冒与肺炎在症状上的一些差异：</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 24px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">1、<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 9px; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">看发热的严重程度。小儿感冒时，尤其是风寒感冒，多有较轻程度的发热，多在</span>38<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">℃</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">以下，用药后，退热效果明显，发热持续时间短；小儿肺炎发热程度较重，多在</span>38<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">℃</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">以上，用药后，退热效果不明显，发热持续时间长。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 24px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">2、<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 9px; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">看呼吸状况。小儿感冒时，宝宝呼吸顺畅平稳，不咳嗽或只是较轻微的咳嗽；小儿肺炎时大多有较重的咳嗽，或者伴有气喘，呼吸急促，憋气等情况。父母可以在宝宝安静或睡着时在宝宝的脊柱两侧胸壁，仔细倾听。肺炎患儿在吸气末期会听到“咕噜”、“咕噜”般的声音，称之为细小水泡音，这是肺部发炎的重要体征。小儿感冒一般不会有此种声音。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 24px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">3、<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 9px; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">看精神状态。小儿感冒时，精神状态较好，饮食尚正常或少量减少，能游戏玩乐，睡眠正常或稍有增加；小儿肺炎时，精神状态较差，烦躁不安或是昏昏欲睡，饮食量明显减少，没精神玩，多睡易醒，夜间有呼吸困难表现。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><strong style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\">&nbsp;</strong></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><strong style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">第</span>4</strong><strong style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">步：特殊群体，特殊防护</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 29px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">有的宝宝感冒后症状较轻，也比较容易恢复，基本不影响正常生活。有的宝宝感冒后，则容易迁延不愈，症状较重，还容易继发支气管炎、肺炎等疾病。这跟宝宝的不同体质有关，比如易感儿、早产儿或过敏体质的宝宝，一遇到外邪感染，就容易引发比较严重的身体状况，对于这类患儿，父母尤其要加强防护。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><strong style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">易感儿</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 29px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">易感儿是针对反复呼吸道感染的发病次数而言的，诊断标准是：小于</span>2<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">岁，上呼吸道感染</span>7<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">次</span>/<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">年以上，下呼吸道感染</span>3<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">次</span>/<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">年以上；</span>3-5<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">岁，上呼吸道感染</span>6<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">次</span>/<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">年以上，下呼吸道感染</span>2<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">次</span>/<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">年以上；</span>6-14<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">岁，上呼吸道感染</span>5<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">次</span>/<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">年以上，下呼吸道感染</span>2<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">次</span>/<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">年以上。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 29px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">反复呼吸道感染主要以</span>3<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">岁以下婴幼儿发病率最高，</span>3<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">岁后随着孩子免疫系统的逐步成熟，出现呼吸道感染的次数也随之下降。易感儿之所以容易发生反复呼吸道感染，与自身免疫系统功能低下有着直接的关系，而引起孩子免疫力低下的原因有很多，遗传也是一个比较重要的因素，但是除了遗传外的绝大多数原因我们都是可以避免和纠正的。我们临床上可以发现，易感儿除了容易发生反复呼吸道感染外，大部分都伴随有精神较差、食欲不振、自汗盗汗、体重不增、面色萎黄等表现，所以说，我们平时可以通过调整易感孩子的营养饮食结构、注意休息和保证足够的睡眠、中药药膳等调理脾胃功能，以及适当的户外活动来提高孩子的抵抗力。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 29px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">所以，预防易感儿患肺炎，父母还应该从点滴的生活细节入手，纠正不良的习惯，并通正有效手段增强孩子体质。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><strong style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">早产儿</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 29px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">早产儿通常都面临器官发育不成熟，功能不健全、消化吸收能力有限、营养储备不足、生活能力较弱等问题。比起正常出生的婴儿，早产儿更容易患上呼吸系统疾病。早产儿有特殊的营养需求，一般都需要特殊的养护，父母应该比照顾普通婴儿更加细心周到。尤其要注意：早产儿不能与患有感冒、气管炎、腹泻等疾病的人接触；早产儿的个人用品，包括衣服、尿布、奶瓶应定期煮沸消毒，照顾者的衣服也应该定期消毒；同时居室要定期开窗换气，保证空气新鲜。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 29px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">TIPS<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">：对于以上两类宝宝，在秋冬肺炎高发季，可以考虑给宝宝注射</span>7<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">价肺炎球菌结合疫苗，保护覆盖率</span>80%<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">，是目前预防肺炎比较有效的措施。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><strong style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">经常输液的宝宝</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">有些父母，见宝宝生病就紧张，医生建议只服药，家长却强烈要求输液。他们认为宝宝发烧就是严重的表现，烧退了，才是疾病好转的迹象。所以，宝宝发烧就给宝宝输液，这是非常错误的。发烧只是一种症状，并且一定程度的发烧是人体抵抗感染的一种反应，所以，如果判定宝宝只是普通感冒，血常规没有明显异常，不要见发烧就输液。否则，导致宝宝免疫功能紊乱，胃肠菌群失调，更容易患上呼吸系统和消化系统疾病，甚至引发严重感染。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">&nbsp;</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><strong style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">第</span>5</strong><strong style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">步：生活调理，未病先防</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">1<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">、建立良好的作息习惯，按时吃饭、睡觉，规律的生活习惯，可以提高宝宝身体对疾病的防御能力。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">2<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">、小儿膳食应该搭配合理，注意补充蛋白质，多吃蔬菜、水果等富含维生素的食物。不要一味让宝宝多吃，或者只注意肉类食物的摄入。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">3<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">、及时治疗可诱发呼吸道感染的疾病，如营养不良、贫血、维生素</span>a<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">缺乏、佝偻病等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">4<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">、多带宝宝去户外玩耍，多晒太阳，提高其对室内外气温变化的适应能力。冬天坚持用冷水为宝宝洗脸，可提高宝宝呼吸道黏膜的耐受性，增加抗病能力。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">5<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">、根据气温变化及时增减衣物，不可穿得太多，小儿出汗后要及时换下汗湿的衣服，以免受凉诱发感冒。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">6<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">、不管天气如何变化，最好每天在孩子背上放一条吸汗巾，因为孩子天性好动，出汗在所难免，所以，一旦孩子出汗，只要换汗巾就行了，这样就可以最大程度的避免因为勤换衣服而引起孩子受凉感冒。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">7<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">、室内保持新鲜空气，经常通风换气。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">8<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体;\">、中医“三伏贴”、“三九贴”对于防治诸如小儿春季感冒、哮喘、咳嗽、支气管炎、肺炎等冬春好发呼吸系统疾病，可以达到非常好的“冬病夏治”、“春病夏治”、“未病先防”的效果。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1169","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1036","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1429,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486276383235,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486276383234,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1479808372065,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"海总剑客","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"洞医客服微信2276635444","realName":null,"signName":"洞医网提醒您：请仔细阅读产品说明书或者在医务人员的指导下购买和使用，禁忌内容或者注意事项详见说明书","head":null,"phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"756954943@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"2955","isDel":0,"createAt":1486276201893,"createBy":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","createName":"海总剑客","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","title":"小儿肺炎如何预防","content":"<p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1486277137029.jpg\" title=\"1486277137029.jpg\" alt=\"201507261551451809_pre1.jpg\"/></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">一、 小儿<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>有哪些症状表现？</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>是小儿最常见的一种呼吸道疾病，3岁以内的婴幼儿在冬、春季节患<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>较多，由细菌和病毒引起的<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>最为多见。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">小儿<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>的症状　　宝宝得了<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>主要表现为发热、咳嗽、喘息。<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>的发病可急可缓，一般多在上呼吸道感染数天后发病。最先见到的症状是发热或咳嗽，体温一般38～39℃，腺病毒<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>可持续高烧1～2周。身体弱的小婴儿可不烧甚至体温低于正常。会有咳嗽、呛奶或奶汁从鼻中溢出。普遍都有食欲不好、精神差或烦闹睡眠不安等症状。重症病儿可出现鼻翼扇动、口周发青等呼吸困难的症状，甚至出现呼吸衰竭、心力衰竭。病儿还可出现呕吐、腹胀、腹泻等消化系统症状。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">小儿<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>起病急、病情重、进展快，是威胁宝宝健康乃至生命的疾病。但有时它又与小儿感冒的症状相似，容易混淆。因此，父母有必要掌握这两种小儿常见病的鉴别知识，以便及时发现小儿<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>，及早医治。鉴别它们并不太难，可几点入手：</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">1、测体温</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">小儿<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>大多发热，而且多在38℃以上，并持续2-3天以上不退，如用退热药只能暂时退一会儿。小儿感冒也发热，但以38℃以下为多，持续时间较短，用退热药效果也较明显。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">2、看咳嗽呼吸是否困难</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">小儿<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>大多有咳嗽或喘，且程度较重，常引起呼吸困难。呼吸困难表现为憋气，两侧鼻翼一张一张的，口唇发紫，提示病情严重，切不可拖延。感冒和支气管炎引起的咳嗽或喘一般较轻，不会引起呼吸困难。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">3、看精神状态</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">宝宝感冒时，一般精神状态较好，能玩。小儿患<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>时，精神状态不佳，常烦躁、哭闹不安，或昏睡，抽风等。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">4、看饮食</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">宝宝感冒，饮食尚正常，或吃东西、吃奶减少。但患<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>时，饮食显著下降、不吃东西，不吃奶，常因憋气而哭闹不安。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">5、看睡眠</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">宝宝感冒时，睡眠尚正常。但患<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>后，多睡易醒，爱哭闹；夜里有呼吸困难加重的趋势。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">6、听孩子的胸部</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">由于宝宝的胸壁薄，有时不用听诊器用耳朵听也能听到水泡音，所以父母可以在孩子安静或睡着时在孩子的脊柱两侧胸壁，仔细倾听；<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>患儿在吸气末期会听到“咕噜”、“咕噜”般的声音，称之为细小水泡音，这是肺部发炎的重要体征。小儿感冒一般不会有此种声音。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">经过上述方法，如果出现其中大部分情况，即应怀疑宝宝得了<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>，应及早到医院就医。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">而要判断是否患了<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>最简单的办法是数呼吸和观察胸凹陷。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">根据世界卫生组织制定的儿童急性呼吸道感染控制规划(ARI)方案所定：呼吸增快是<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>的主要表现。呼吸急促（增快）指：幼婴&lt;2月龄，呼吸≥60次/分；2～12月以下龄，呼吸≥50次/分；1～5岁以下，呼吸≥40次/分。重症<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>征象为激惹或嗜睡、拒食、下胸壁凹陷及紫绀。婴幼儿吸气时可见到胸壁下端明显向内凹陷。称之为胸凹陷。这是由于患<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>时，孩子需要比平时更用力吸气，才可完成气体交换所致。如果婴儿既有呼吸增快又有明显胸凹陷，就可诊断为重度<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>，必须住院治疗。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><br/>临床表现：</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1、婴幼儿<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>：一般为支气管<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 表现为：起病急，发热（体温30-39℃），咳嗽，气急，烦躁不安，面色苍白，食欲减退，有时可有呕吐、腹泻等。早期体征可不明显，婴幼儿可表现为拒奶、吐沫，而无咳嗽。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2、年长儿<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>：以大叶性<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>和支原体<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>为常见。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; （1）大叶性<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>：起病急，高热(T39-40℃)，寒战，烦躁，请妄，早期气促，胸痛，咳嗽不多，约3-4天后，出现咯铁锈色痰。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; （2）支原体<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>：起病急或缓，体温可高可低，咳嗽渐重，呈刺激性频咳，咯出黏痰，乏力，头痛或胸痛。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><br/>二、 如何治疗小儿<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>？</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">中西医结合治疗小儿<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>效果较好。西医治疗常用抗生素，如可选用青霉素、先锋霉素等，如对此过敏可选用红霉素和阿齐霉素等。一般<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>勿用链霉素、卡那霉素，慎用庆大霉素。病毒性<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>可用抗病毒药物如病毒唑等。中医方面，辨证应用桑白皮汤、大小青龙汤等方剂及使用我院儿科中药散剂，能使<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺部炎症</a>加快吸收，且无任何副作用。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">中医：小儿<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>是临床常见病，四季均易发生，以冬春季为多。如治疗不彻底，易反复发作，影响孩子发育。小儿<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>临床表现为发热、咳嗽、呼吸困难，也有不发热而咳喘重者。其病因主要是小儿素喜吃过甜、过咸、油炸等食物，致宿食积滞而生内热，痰热壅盛，偶遇风寒使肺气不宣，二者互为因果而发生<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>。中医辨证可分以下几种类型治疗：</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">&nbsp;①风寒闭肺：发热无汗，呛咳气急，痰白而稀或多泡沫，口不渴，舌苔薄白或白腻、舌质淡或淡红，脉浮紧，指纹青红在风关。<br/>治法：辛温宜肺，化痰止咳。<br/>方药：麻黄3克、杏仁10克、甘草3克、葱白10克、淡豆豉10克、荆芥6克、半夏6克、莱菔于10克。<br/>中成药：小青龙冲剂1／2-1袋，每 日2次。<br/>②风热袭肺;发热，有汗，口渴，咳嗽痰黏或黄，气促鼻煽，面赤唇红，咽红，指纹青紫多在气关，脉浮滑。<br/>治法;辛凉解表，宜肺化痰<br/>方药：麻黄3克、杏仁1O克、生石膏(先下)25克、桔梗6克、生甘草3克、黄芩10克、黛蛤散(包煎)10克、全瓜萎15克、桑自皮10克。<br/>中成药：小儿肺热咳喘口服液，每次1支，每日2次;。<br/>③痰热阻肺：壮热，咳嗽而喘，呼吸困难，气急鼻煽，口唇紫绀，面红口渴，喉间痰鸣，声如拽锯，胸闷胀满，泛吐痰涎，舌红苔黄，脉弦滑，指纹紫至气关。<br/>治法：清热宣肺，涤痰平喘。<br/>方药：麻黄3克，射干6克，葶苈子、杏仁、地龙、钩藤、黄芩、竹茹各10克，生石膏(先下)25克。<br/>中成药：小儿清肺化痰泡腾片，每次2片，每日3次。<br/>④阴虚肺热：潮热盗汗，颧红唇赤，干咳无痰或痰黏难吐，舌质嫩红、舌苔光剥少津，脉细数，指纹沉紫。<br/>治法：养阴清热，润肺止咳。<br/>方药：沙参、麦冬、玉竹、桑叶、生扁豆、炙杷叶、川贝母、百合各10克、天花粉15克，甘草3克。<br/>中成药：鱼花糖浆，每次5—lOml，每日3次;。<br/>⑤脾气虚：低热起伏，面色白光白，动测汗出，咳嗽无力，微微气喘，喉中痰鸣，神倦懒言，纳呆便溏，舌质淡苔白，脉细无力，指纹色淡。<br/>治法：益气健脾，调和营卫。<br/>方药：太于参、生黄芪、茯苓、白术、五味子、麦冬各10克、生姜3片、大枣5枚，陈皮、甘草、半夏各6克。<br/>中成药：小儿肺咳颗粒，每次1袋，每日2次。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">三、小儿<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>如何预防？<br/>　　小儿对疾病的抵抗力低下，对环境的适应能力也比较差，患<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>之后较严重，因此必须认真做好预防。婴儿要尽量少与外界接触，避免交叉感染,家人患感冒或其它呼吸道感染性疾病，要尽量和婴儿隔离。喂奶时要细心，避免呛奶、溢奶和呕吐，要防止奶、食物及呕吐物误吸人肺。要根据小儿的年龄、身体的发育情况，给予必需和足够的营养，及时和合理地添加辅食，如蔬菜、豆制品、肉类、蛋类等。要积极预防和治疗佝偻病，因为佝偻病与<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>的发生和程度以及治疗的效果均有较密切的关系。要多到户外活动，锻炼身体，练习对寒冷气候的适应能力，多晒阳光，保持室内空气新鲜，预防感冒及<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/liugan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">流感</a>发生。要做好各种预防接种，增强呼吸系统对病原的免疫作用。患<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>后，及时治疗至关重要。<br/>　<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>虽然对小儿的健康和生命造成威胁，但只要积极预防，可以避免发病。发病后，早期及时发现，在医生指导下或到医院诊治，迅速恢复和痊愈是完全可能的。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">四、　小儿<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>家庭如何护理</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>是小儿呼吸系统的常见病，除了药物治疗外，家庭护理对疾病的预后也起着至关重要的作用。那么患儿家长应该如何配合医生治疗，做好护理工作呢？</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">(1)要保持安静、整洁的环境，保证病儿休息。工作中常见到在患儿的身边总是围着许多的长辈亲朋，这样一方面由于人多吵闹，不利于患儿休息，同时人多，呼出的二氧化碳积聚在内，污浊的空气不利于<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>的康复。因此，室内人员不要太多，探视者逗留时间不要太长，室内要经常定时通风换气，使空气流通，但应避免穿堂风，有利于<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>的恢复。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">(2)应注意合理的营养及补充足够的水分。<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>患儿常有高热、胃口较差、不愿进食，所以饮食宜清淡、易消化，同时保证一定的优质蛋白。伴有发热者，给予流质饮食(如人乳、牛乳、米汤、蛋花汤、牛肉汤、菜汤、果汁等)，退热后可加半流质食物(如稀饭、面条、蛋糕之类的食品)，因为<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>患儿呼吸次数较多及发热，水分的蒸发比平时多，故必需补充适量的糖盐水。(3)加强皮肤及口腔护理，尤其是汗多的病人要及时更换潮湿的衣服，并用热毛巾把汗液擦干，这对皮肤散热及抵抗病菌有好处。对痰多的病儿应尽量让痰液咳出，防止痰液排出不畅而影响<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>恢复。在病情允许的情况下，家长应经常将小儿抱起，轻轻拍打背部，卧床不起的患儿应勤翻身，这样既可防止肺部淤血，也可使痰液容易咳出，有助于康复。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">(4)保持呼吸道通畅，小儿患<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>时，肺泡内气体交换受到限制，体内有不同程度的缺氧。如果鼻腔阻塞或气管、支气管内有大量痰液，会影响空气的吸入，加重缺氧。因此，家长要及时为患儿清除鼻分泌物并吸痰以保持呼吸道通畅，且要防止粘稠痰堵塞及奶汁、药物呛入引起窒息。室内要保持一定的湿度，避免空气干燥，有利于痰液咳出。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 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