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和朋友一起喝酒，听他讲述他爸爸喉癌治疗的过程，朋友当时借用肿瘤病友的一句自嘲语开头：当医院把你一辈子的钱花光的时候，你人也就差不多了。聊起来之后，我问了他很多。他也慢慢跟我说起病情的经过：

\"喉癌治疗的心酸之路\" 


在2013年12月底因为喉部不适，声音沙哑，去医院做了喉镜，结果为下咽部右侧梨状窝见菜花样肿物。1月底病理结果为下咽鳞状细胞癌，T2N2M0，IVA期。底经过医生会诊建议先做诱导化疗后放疗，并说两侧淋巴肿大由外科医生处理。1月底开始行3个周期诱导化疗，21天一个周期。使用药物为紫杉醇，顺铂，替吉奥。

 

2014年4月底开始进行放疗33次，剂量为69.96Gy。行同步靶向，用的是泰欣生共7次。6月底诊断康复出院。8月复诊未见异常。

 

2014年12月复诊喉镜右侧梨状窝内侧壁可见溃疡，病理结果为低分化鳞状细胞癌。12月26日行全喉切除及两侧劲深淋巴清除手术。

 

2015年1月5日医院让带胃管出院，1月7日食物从颈下左侧伤口处漏出，回医院诊断为术后咽瘘。1月7日开始，每日1次用纱布球沾盐水擦拭伤口，并填塞碘仿纱布条。1月13日因为感染一直未控制打开外口，继续每日1次换药。

 

2015年1月19日为了换药再次住院。每日1次用纱布球沾盐水擦拭伤口，并填塞庆大霉素与甲硝锉浸过的纱布。

 

2015年1月23日腺下动脉破裂，大量鲜血从颈部流出，压出颈部后，鲜血从口鼻部流出。送手术室急救结扎动脉，发现右侧也同样感染，术中完全打开右侧外口。

 

2015年1月25日起改为每日早晚各1次用纱布球沾盐水擦拭伤口，并填塞庆大霉素与甲硝锉浸过的纱布。

 

2015年2月1日起填塞物改为碘仿纱布条，每日早晚各1次用纱布球沾盐水擦拭伤口不变。

 

2015年2月13日起伤口使用纱布球沾普朗特液体伤口敷料，涂少量普朗特凝胶伤口敷料，并用干纱布填塞，每日早晚各一次不变。

 

2015年3月9日现在仍在医院，医生说已经脱离危险期，可以准备出院。出院后每日自行换药，等咽瘘缩小后，再行皮瓣修复术，预计在自行换药半年后。

 

我们住的医院的护士是的护理工作真的只有吊盐水和收发体温计，手术后护理以及护理常识指导是一概没有的。术前就让我们请她们介绍的护工，每天230元，术后护理全部由护工来做。而护工是农民工，我用这个词没有任何歧视的意思，只想说明护工没有受过任何医疗培训，也有可能是第一天接触到护理。吸痰，鼻饲胃管灌注食物都是没有护士指导的，我们都是得到的只有护工的知识。

 

我是在爸爸咽瘘以后查看了各种护理书籍，才知道是不可以躺着进食的，并且护士手册上有记载每次进食量不可超过200ml，需要少食多餐。而护工都是让我们躺着进食，并且每次灌注的量都是500ml以上的。

 

我一直想如果我早点把这些护理知识都掌握了，也许就没有之后的咽瘘，父亲就不会受这种种折磨了，每每想到都非常内疚。

 

我父亲是一个非常坚强的人，我一直跟他说他是癌症初期，只要接受治疗就好了。所以就算全喉切除无法说话了，他也一直在积极的接受治疗。但看着无法进食，日渐憔悴的父亲，以及不知道什么时候才会愈合的伤口，我只能偷偷把眼泪擦掉。

 

种种心酸无法一一说出，发此文只希望其他病友少走一点弯路。

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去年的3月份，记得是星期五，一个黑暗的日子啊，就在这一天，我在县医院通过喉镜，被确诊为喉咙占位性病变（鳞状细胞癌）。接下来的一段时间，我们在家中讨论的议题就是是：到哪去治病。天津还是哈尔滨？儿子坚持到天津，因为有个同学的同事在天津一家肿瘤医院。通了电话，说并不是那么接洽，主要是医院不好住。女儿四方托人打听多方咨询，通过同学、传了喉镜照片，听听他们的意见。最后商议确定到哈尔滨一家医院诊治。

\"喉癌治疗之后的内心变化\" 


被一致认为去的原因主要是：

1、有接洽人。女儿朋友在这家医院的耳鼻喉科（真帮了不少忙）

2、大夫有成功的经验。

 

经过几天的检查：肺CT、喉CT、心电、肺功能；

调整：心率（早博）、血压（偏高）。

正好是在30日达到了术前指标。下午就收到大夫的告知，晚饭后不能进食了，明天准备手术。31日上午11时，进入了手术室。11点40分，让家属签字。现在才知道，进手术的病人打上麻药什么也不知道了。外面的亲人焦虑、担心、害怕、难过之极。

 

家属在手术室外来回徘徊，这种痛苦的感觉无法形容。但心中都会有几个心愿，就是但愿病人癌别扩散；今后能说话；手术成功。

 

手术成功之后，在4月份被允许出院。并告知3个月后来医院复查。说起来患病已经很长时间了。媳妇、儿子、姑娘、姑爷每天都打营养液、三顿流食、水果汁等精心照料，入院点滴陪同无微不至，可以说是处处体贴入微。

 

说实在的，我知道我自己的性格不好，已经快70岁的年龄了，特别有病心情烦躁。身上带着2个管，有时特别难受。吃的肯定不行，觉又睡不好。想现在死也不算早亡，差不多这个岁数的也死不少了，不胜枚举。我活的比他们岁数大多了，知足吧。但是又想，就这么死了对得起媳妇、儿子、姑娘吗？他们这么体贴、照顾，关心我，为了什么？不是让我去死！是让我延长生命—活着。又想到我得了癌症，目前手术挺成功，也没说是晚期，还能说话。就这么死了，也太屈了！有不少得了癌症的，经治疗，现在还活的挺好，向他们看齐吧。战胜癌症，有尊严的活着！


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喉癌的出现，预示着我们的生活质量的飞速发展，很多人就是因为生活物质的提高，导致的饮食不规律，坏习惯的形成，最后发生喉癌的疾病，其实，喉癌的发病率呈逐年上升趋势发展。喉癌形成的原因有很多，日常生活中，对于喉癌的预防是十分重要的。找良医网告诉您具体预防如下： 　　

\"专家向您解答喉癌的预防方法有哪些\"

 

一、禁烟：吸烟会直接损伤器官而形成喉癌。烟龄越长，喉癌的发病率越高。 　　

 

二、不酗酒：长期大量饮酒，使喉部充血水肿，而且导致营养不良、免疫功能低下，为形成癌症奠定基础。 　　

 

三、防范饮食习惯不良的危害：一些人不分冬夏，三朋四友经常在一起吃火锅，麻辣烫等刺激不断，这样的长期的饮食习惯不仅对咽喉，而且对眼、气管、肺、食管、胃等都有害，既引起疾病，也会恶化形成癌症。 　　

 

四、远离化学致癌物质：与喉癌相关的化学致癌物质有二氧化硫、铬、砷等。生活和生产的环境被空气污染，吸入上述有害气体和粉尘，会损害咽喉，必须做好防护。 　　

 

五、重视癌前病变：喉白斑是喉癌的癌前病变，它是声带黏膜上皮角化不良，在黏膜上出现的白色斑块，是上呼吸道感染、吸烟、有害气体刺激、用声过度等引起的病理性变化，与形成喉癌有密切关系，必须积极防治。还有喉角化症、慢性肥厚性喉炎、乳头状瘤等，都要密切观察和积极防治。 　　

 

六、接触放射线要慎重：放射线是致癌物，当多次或大剂量对颈部作检查或治疗时要防护好，免受损害，否则为形成喉癌创造条件。平时要尽量减少放射线检查。

 

找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！

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预防疾病是一种手段，如何预防，怎样预防，都是有方法的，比如预防喉癌，其实，每种疾病的预防都是需要摒弃坏习惯的，我们在日常生活中的坏习惯有很多，吸烟喝酒就是最需要戒掉的坏习惯：

\"怎样才能预防喉癌的出现呢 


一、不酗酒

长期大量饮酒，使喉部充血水肿，而且导致营养不良、免疫功能低下，为形成癌症奠定基础。

 

二、禁烟

预防喉癌，吸烟会直接损伤器官而形成喉癌。烟龄越长，喉癌的发病率越高。烟中的尼古丁、煤焦油和其产生的苯并芘都是致癌物。

 

三、远离化学致癌物质

与喉癌相关的化学致癌物质有二氧化硫、铬、砷等。生活和生产的环境被空气污染，吸入上述有害气体和粉尘，会损害咽喉，必须做好防护。

 

四、防范饮食习惯不良的危害

不良的饮食习惯也是引起喉癌的重要因素，比如吃火锅，麻辣烫等刺激食物，还有经常饮食过于烫口的食物，这样的长期的饮食习惯不仅能引起疾病，也会恶化形成癌症。

 

五、接触放射线要慎重

放射线是致癌物，当多次或大剂量对颈部作检查或治疗时要防护好，免受损害，否则为形成喉癌创造条件。平时要尽量减少放射线检查。

 

六、重视癌前病变

预防喉癌，喉白斑是喉癌的癌前病变，它是声带黏膜上皮角化不良，在黏膜上出现的白色斑块，是上呼吸道感染、吸烟、有害气体刺激、用声过度等引起的病理性变化，与形成喉癌有密切关系，必须积极防治。

 

找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！

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喉癌是一种高发病率，随着患有喉癌人数的增多，全身恶性肿瘤的1—5%，而我国的高发地区是东北地区，其发病率占全身恶性肿瘤的5.7—7.6%。发病率城市高于农村，空气污染重的重工业城市高于空气污染轻的轻工业城市。因此被很多人们所重视。这个难治愈的耳鼻喉科恶性肿瘤疾病对人体的危害非常大，所以很多人都对喉癌都是谈之色变。那么我们在日常生活中一定要做好预防这个疾病的工作。接下来就专家向您解答如何预防喉癌。


\"专家向您解答如何预防喉癌\"

 

少吸烟：吸烟是喉癌的主要原因，烟草燃烧可产生烟草焦油，其中苯芘可致癌，且烟草的烟雾可使纤毛运动停止或迟缓，也会引起黏膜水肿和出血，使上皮增生，变厚，鳞状化生，成为致癌基础。

 

饮酒要适量：饮酒如果跟吸烟同时进行会发生重叠作用导致喉癌。饮酒过度会长期刺激黏膜可使其变性而致癌。

 

慢性炎症应及时治疗：如果发现有慢性炎症应及时治疗，因为慢性喉炎或呼吸道炎症长期反复刺激也可能致癌。在对生活中 如果有慢性炎增请及时的去正规医院就诊，以免最后导致喉癌发生。

 

尽量避免空气污染：有害气体如二氧化硫和生产性工业粉尘，如铬砷的长期吸入也是常见的喉癌的病因。

 

找良网专家温馨提示：良好的卫生环境，防止病毒感染：养成良好的卫生环境，防止病毒感染，因为病毒感染与喉癌的产生关系密切，一般认为病毒可使细胞改变性质发生异常分裂，病毒可附于基因上传至下代细胞发生癌变。

 

上述内容如果您还有不了解的，请您继续关注我们的网站，后期会有新的内容更新。找良网祝您身体健康！


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我爷爷最近诊断出得了喉癌，他已经73岁了，前几年的时候得过肺结核，现在又得了这个病，他现在的情况已经到了说话声音都听不清楚了，是不是已经到了晚期了，有什么治疗的办法？到了这个阶段了还能有多少日子？


","barId":"1328","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1033","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":834,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1516966919997,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1516966919997,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1507776522121,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"海绵宝宝","password":"hgs1990623110","level":0,"nickName":"张宝宝","realName":null,"signName":"找良医网","head":null,"phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"573253266@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":5,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":2,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110114","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"11396","isDel":0,"createAt":1516348496526,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"专家向您解答 喉癌患者的相关保健知识有哪些","content":"

\"专家向您解答

　

在日常生活中，有很多保健各种疾病的方法方式，保养保健也就成了常人预防疾病的关键，但是，保健对于很多康复中的患者朋友们来说也是非常有必要的，因为在治疗完或者在治疗之前，这些方面的注意都能够起到非常大的作用，也是大家所不能忽视的一个方面哦。找良医网为大家介绍的是疾病是喉癌，这是一种癌症疾病，关于喉癌的相关保健知识大家又了解多少呢?一起来看一下：

 

1、喉癌患者在患病后，在心理方面或多或少会出现困扰，不少患者会感到非常的悲观。这时，应该及时的调整患者的心理，让其保证一个良好的心态去面对疾病。

 

2、当喉癌患者伴随局部突然肿胀，呼吸急剧困难，以及脉搏突然增快的症状时，应该及时的请医生进行观察，并且考虑是否是癌肿细胞出现溃烂出血，从而使气管被压迫的现象。提前做好救治准备，及时的进行诊治，能够预防紧急症状的发生。

 

3、喉癌的患者在手术前如果需要放疗或者是化疗，应该严格的按照放化疗常规要求进行治疗，做好治疗前的准备，并且对治疗药物的剂量和浓度进行严格的测定，以免出现异常情况使疾病出现加剧现象。

 

4、虽然放化疗能够对癌肿细胞进行一定的抑制，但是对体内正常细胞的损害也是非常严重的，并且对体质也有一定的削弱效果，因此，应该让患者做好一定的心理准备。及时的向患者普及关于疾病治疗的必要性，并且鼓励其积极的配合。

 

找良医网温馨提示：以上内容就是喉癌患者的一些相关的保健知识，希望这些内容能够给有需要的朋友们带来一定的帮助，找良医网也在此祝患者朋友们早日康复！


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\"专家告诉您

 

本篇文章找良医网为大家介绍的是喉癌患者的饮食事宜，喉癌患者能吃什么，吃什么对疾病的康复有帮助，下面大家跟找良医网一起学医一下：

 

一、饮食

 

1、最适宜的食物：

 

（1）动物性食品：瘦猪肉、牛肉、羊肉、鸡、鸭、鸽肉等，黄鱼、鲞鱼、蛋类。

 

（2）海藻类：海蜇、海带、紫菜、海参、海藻。

 

（3）豆类：各类大豆制品，如豆浆、豆腐、素鸡等植物性食品。

 

（4）新鲜深绿色和黄、橙色蔬菜、茄子。

 

（5）水果：新鲜水果。

 

（6）坚果类如：红枣、桂圆、核桃等。

 

（7）粮食：各种粮食及其制品。

 

2、尽量少吃的食物：

 

（1）动物性食品：肥畜肉和肥禽肉，盐腌肉、鱼，烟熏制品如香肠、红肠。

 

（2）豆类：干豆类。

 

（3）植物性食品：腌制咸菜、不新鲜蔬菜。

 

（4）水果：水果罐头或果味饮料。

 

3、不能食用的食物：

 

（1）动物性食品：腐败变质食品。

 

（2）豆类：霉变豆制品。

 

（3）植物性食品：腐败变质的蔬菜。

 

（4）粮食：霉变粮食及其制品。

 

二、茶疗方辅助防治喉癌

 

方1

 

【组成】咸橄榄5个，竹叶5g，乌梅2个，绿茶5g，白糖10g。

【用法】用水共煮，饮汤；;日服2次，每次1杯。

 

方2

 

【组成】蝉蜕5g，绿茶10g。

【用法】将上2味放入茶壶内，用沸水冲泡，随饮随泡。

 

方3

 

【组成】丝瓜200g，茶叶5g。

【用法】将茶叶用沸水冲泡，取汁；把丝瓜洗净，切片，加盐煮熟，倒入茶汁拌匀服用。

 

方4

 

【组成】细茶叶9g(清明前者佳)，薄荷9g，黄柏9g;硼砂6g。

【用法】上药研极细末，取净末和匀，加冰片0.9g，吹之。

 

三、药粥辅助喉癌治疗

 

方1：天门冬橘络粥

 

【组成】天门冬30g，橘络15g，粳米100g。

【用法】前二味水煎取汁，与粳米水煮为粥；每日1剂。连服7天。

 

方2：赤芍瓜蒌粥

 

【组成】赤芍10g，瓜蒌仁15g，粳米100g。

【用法】前二味水煎取汁，与粳米加水煮为粥。

 

方3：萝卜橄榄粥

 

【组成】胡萝卜50g，橄榄30g，粳米100g。

【用法】胡萝卜洗净，切片与橄榄同煎取汁，入粳米共煮为粥。每日1剂，连服5～7剂。

 

方4：淡竹叶生地粥

 

【组成】淡竹叶15g，生地15g，黄芩9g，粳米100g，白糖适量。

【用法】前三味水。

 

以上是找良医网为大家推荐的方法，祝大家早日恢复健康！


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\"专家向您解答喉癌患者的饮食禁忌有哪些\"

 

现在的生活已经好起来了，很多食物也很不错，这就造成很多人不注重饮食和生活规律，出现了喉癌的症状，很多人对喉癌疾病有听闻，都知道喉癌治疗都是需要比较长的周期的。喉癌患者在接受手术治疗的时候，在饮食上有诸多不便。相信大家对于喉癌患者饮食方面上的事宜十分关心。那么，找良医网带大家来了解下，喉癌患者的饮食禁忌有哪些。

 

1、饮食要有营养，清淡容易消化，特别要提供足够的蛋白质和维生素，食物宜多样化，并注意色、香、味、形，以增进患者食欲。避免吃油腻的食物。可以增加一些开胃的食品，引起患者食欲少量多餐。

 

2、对症选用下列食品：声音嘶哑者应该多食萝卜、梨、白果、苡仁、梅等；吞咽困难者应该多食杏仁、桃仁、百合等；咯血者应多食藕粉、金针菜等。

 

3、食用有抗咽喉炎和喉恶性肿瘤的食物如：车前草叶、马兰、豆豉、杏仁、丝瓜、茄子等。

 

4、慎用辛辣刺激性食品，并发感染时禁食狗肉、羊肉等热性食品，应鼓励病人进食，同时根据个人的体质来适当的安排饮食。在患者自己感觉良好有食欲时可尽量多吃一些，不必给与过多限制，不要勉强吃自己不喜欢的食物，以免引起恶心、呕吐。

 

找良医网温馨提示：喉癌患者在饮食上一定切记避免暴饮暴食，尽量少食多餐。切记喉癌患者一定不能抽烟，不能喝酒，否则，对治疗效果非常不利，严重的话会发生病变，随时影响生命！

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\"专家告诉您喉癌术后饮食注意事项是什么\"

 

喉癌的术后饮食方面有一点是不可忽视的，术后的饮食如果能够应用得当的情况下，对于病情的抑制，以及术后身体的恢复有很大的作用，比如补充一些抗癌微量元素等等，找良医网现就有关喉癌术后的饮食注意事项向大家介绍：

 

对付呛咳最好的办法就是练习吞咽。一般情况下，患者术后15～20天，就要开始练习吞咽，刚开始最好选择干的食物，如面包、馒头等。这样的食物经过咀嚼能形成实米团，比较“整”，不容易跑进气管，可以减少呛咳的发生。如能顺利咽下面包，就可以练习吃半干的食物，如米饭、面片等，最后再喝粥、汤、水等。

 

一些患者由于害怕被呛，术后迟迟不敢吃东西。找良医网专家告诉大家：“越是不敢吃，就越容易被呛。通过吞咽锻炼，呛咳的发生会慢慢减少，最后甚至消失”。如果开始练习吞咽时出现呛咳，可以利用一些小方法辅助，如指压法(即咽东西时用手指按住下颌的皮肤)或食团法(即先吃一口馒头或香蕉将造口堵住后再进食)等方法进行训练，实在不行就在病人气管切口处置入一个可充气的气囊，吃饭时用注射器充气，吃完饭后再放气。但是不能太依赖这些方法，最终患者还是要通过练习克服呛咳。

 

找良医网温馨提示：患者若是有吸烟酗酒的习惯，应该尽早的戒除，喉癌的发病可能与烟酒都有直接的联系，毫无疑问的是，烟酒对喉癌的病情非常不利，所以，切记客服这些错误的习惯！


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喉癌这种疾病虽然说发病率不是很高，但是这种疾病在发作时对人们造成很大的伤害。给患者带来很大的痛苦，也给家庭带来很大的困扰，那么喉癌到底给人们能带来什么危害呢？下面为大家来介绍一下喉癌晚期的危害有些什么。

 

\"专家带你了解喉癌晚期的危害有些什么\" 

 

1.喉癌对机体危害的主要原因是喉癌等恶性肿瘤的局部浸润生长以及复发和转移，导致肿瘤患者死亡的最常见原因是远处转移。除此之外，发热和疼痛也是喉癌患者会出现的症状。早期症状不典型，可有吞咽异物感或梗塞感。血管瘤者可咯血，尤其进食尖锐硬性食物后即可出血。肿瘤较大者可引起吞咽或呼吸困难。

 

2.喉癌对机体的危害还表现在以下几个方面：破坏所在器官的结构和功能。发热：肿瘤组织的代谢产物、坏死组织的分解产物、以及继发的细菌感染，都可以引起癌症病人发热，一般情况下表现为中低度热。疼痛：由于癌组织压迫或侵犯神经，可引起相应部位的疼痛，除此之外，癌症继发感染后，也可以引起疼痛。侵袭破坏邻近器官。坏死、出血、感染：恶性肿瘤生长迅速，癌组织常常因为供血不足而发生坏死，如果癌变组织侵犯血管，可引起出血。

 

3.喉癌会伴有长期的咽喉肿痛现象，如果肿瘤向深部侵犯，就会堵住气管或者是食道，并引起同时反射性耳痛，因咽痛导致吞咽困难。

 

喉癌晚期对人体的危害是非常大的，临死前家属以及患者都是非常痛苦的，所以前期发现的时候就应该做好治疗了，防止恶化。

 

最后，找良医网祝您身体健康！

 


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喉是人体的呼吸要道，也是发音器官，上与咽相连，下接气管，除了呼吸功能外，喉咙还有发声和吞咽的功能。一直以来，全喉切除在喉癌的临床治疗上占有统治地位，其优点在于癌肿组织切除得相对彻底，局部复发的机会相对少。喉癌患者经常免不了化疗这一步骤，可是很少人知道化疗的后遗症呢，那么，喉癌化疗的后遗症有什么?要如何护理患者呢?

 

\"专家提醒您咽喉癌手术后遗症\" 

 

1、使用化疗药物的最主要副作用在于杀伤癌细胞的同时，对正常的细胞也造成损伤。由此造成的毒副作用包括:造血系统损害，胃肠道损伤，感染出血，尿酸结晶等等。

 

2、随着放疗技术和设备的改进，放疗已成为临床喉癌的主要治疗方法之一。对于某些早期患者，确实可以不用手术，通过单纯放射治疗达到治愈目的。另外，放疗也可以作为手术前后的辅助性治疗，增加和巩固治疗效果，以弥补手术治疗的不足。

 

3、对造血系统的副作用:主要为白细胞血小板降低，若血象异常降低，必须推迟化疗，采取必要药物提高机体免疫力，提高白细胞含量等。

 

4、对消化系统的副作用:对于恶心呕吐，食欲减退时，要少食多餐不吃甜食油腻食品。吃饭时要细嚼慢咽。必要时需求助医生进行药物治疗。

 

5、肝脏毒性:注意定期检查肝功能，保护肝脏。

 

6、肾毒性:肾小管容易引起坏死，尤其进行铂类化疗要多饮水。

 

单纯的化疗可以较好地保护病人说话和吞咽等的功能，在最大限度上保证了病人的生活质量。但是对于较晚期的喉癌患者，若能够争取手术切除，最好还是把放疗作为辅助性治疗措施更为妥当。在饮食上，放疗、化疗期间，应该食用容易消化，富含蛋白质、维生素、氨基酸等营养物质的食物;戒烟酒，忌食辛辣刺激食物;不宜进食过于干燥、粗糙食物。

 

最后，找良医网祝您身体健康！


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喉癌是常见的淋巴疾病之一，这个疾病是会影响患者的生活质量，严重时是会让患者感受很痛苦。所以各位朋友平时一定要做好保护喉癌的措施，如果患上喉癌就要及时到医院进行详细的检查和治疗，这样可以减轻放疗引起的喉癌并发症。

 

\"专家为您解答喉癌放疗并发症有哪些\"


1.放射性喉软骨膜炎及软骨坏死

 

这时经过放射治疗之后，喉黏膜下血管及淋巴管栓塞易会产生水肿。放射早期时候病患会出现声门水肿，放疗后一段时间发生喉部干痛，皮肤红肿，这是喉软骨膜炎的最主要症状，也会随着症状进而发展为软骨坏死。尤其是放射过量，或者放射前喉软骨已被肿瘤侵犯或者是曾经做过喉软骨手术的病患，放疗后若反复取活检，也会容易导致感染而引起软骨坏死。软骨膜炎只可采用保守治疗也有可能恢复，但是软骨坏死需手术切除坏死骨，而且必要的时候需做全喉切除。

 

2.喉黏膜水肿

 

喉黏膜水肿也是放疗多发的并发症，基本在1～2个月内消失，如果水肿持续6个月以上还没有消退，或者是消退后重新又发生，像这种情况就应当考虑癌肿未被完全清除或控制，还要立即采取措施，明确诊断，及时治疗。喉黏膜水肿与放射性喉软骨膜炎及软骨坏死的主要差别是没有疼痛及皮肤红肿。

 

3.喉局部炎症

 

喉癌患者经过放疗后因为喉部对放射线比较敏感，也会出现喉局部炎症，伴随呼吸困难，患者产生为咽部干痛，吞咽困难，发声较为困难，还有照射野内色素沉着等。严重影响了患者病情痊愈，但是为降低放疗导致的局部伤害，放疗前应立即采取相对措施加强预防。

 

喉癌放疗期间也可选择中医中药辅助治疗，这样也可减轻放疗导致的并发症，比如白细胞降低、恶心呕吐、严重脱发、肝肾功能不足等，中药如人参皂苷Rh2，已经在临床上有过不错的效果，研究表明含量越高效果越好，而且国内最高含量的人参皂苷Rh2可以达到百分之十六点二。

 

最后，找良医网祝您身体健康！


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在了解早期出现的一些喉癌典型症状，才可以在日常生活中早些发现喉癌的痕迹，就可做到早发现、早诊断、早治疗的最佳效果，抓住最好的治疗时机，增加患者的生存期限和生活质量。那么，早期喉癌有哪些症状的特征呢呢？

 

\"别急


声音嘶哑在大部分人眼里好像是一个不太重视的现象，更不会因此马上就医。所以，声音嘶哑超过14天以上的患者要注意，在排除声带息肉或声带小结外，一定要警惕是喉癌的早期症状，特别是烟民。

 

病患会感觉咽喉部异常，会出现异物感、紧迫感或吞咽不适感等。

 

还有就是喉癌患者常因上颈部、下颌角后方产生肿块而就诊。

 

患者也会出现咳嗽咯血现象。咳嗽较多为刺激性干咳，有痰时则痰中带血。

 

综上所述，只要患者有原因不明的上述症状出现，而且经过了一般对症治疗后症状不见好转者，特别是年龄在40岁以上者，应极早到正规医院请专科医生进一步做详细检查，以方便确诊。

 

最后，找良医网祝您身体健康！


","barId":"1328","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":972,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1516262861728,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1516262861728,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1508461864166,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"梅油油","password":"kongbaige113","level":0,"nickName":"梅油油","realName":null,"signName":"。。。。。","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1508466006878.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"541586403@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":5,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":2,"provinceId":"140000","cityId":"140800","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"11327","isDel":0,"createAt":1516262578600,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"专家提醒您要警惕喉癌的四个典型症状","content":"

喉癌是一种发病较迅速的癌症。从早期到晚期，可以不到一年。后期也会因肿块越来越大导致压迫气道，病人会出现呼吸困难的症状，这时候再去就医为时已晚。所以，了解喉癌的早期症状对治疗很有帮助。以下四个早期的典型症状可以帮您早期发现喉癌迹象：

 

\"专家提醒您要警惕喉癌的四个典型症状\"


典型症状一：喉部疼痛或异物感

 

肿瘤表面产生溃疡或吞咽刺激神经时，会引起喉痛，有时痛感会反射到耳部。多见于声门上区癌，检查时要求重点注意会厌边缘及喉面等部位。

 

典型症状二：痰中带血

 

由于肿瘤组织生长迅速，血供丰富，血管受到侵蚀，初期常有咳痰时带血丝的症状。血痰症状在声门上区或声门下区癌多见。早期因肿瘤还未侵犯声带，发声仍可正常。故见到持续血痰，在排除从鼻部、气管及肺等其他出血来源后，必须重点检查喉部。

 

典型症状三：声音嘶哑

 

如果癌肿长在声带上，很早就会出现发声嘶哑，并逐步加重、长期难愈，因此，要是有人说话发音嘶哑，经过治疗没有好转，反而逐步加重，时间超过3个星期，尤其是中年以上男性，应该下决心去找专科医生作详细检查。

 

典型症状四：颈侧肿块

 

声音嘶哑是喉癌的最早期症状，因为喉癌是长在声带上的肿瘤，即使体积再小，也会出现声音嘶哑。因此，凡是不明原因导致的声音嘶哑两周以上，都应做细致的喉部检查，及早发现治疗喉癌问题。

 

最后，找良医网祝您身体健康！


","barId":"1328","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":904,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1516262578602,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1516262578602,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1508461864166,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"梅油油","password":"kongbaige113","level":0,"nickName":"梅油油","realName":null,"signName":"。。。。。","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1508466006878.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"541586403@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":5,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":2,"provinceId":"140000","cityId":"140800","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"11325","isDel":0,"createAt":1516262139857,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":1518401071173,"updateBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"梅油油","userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"专家提醒您这六种症状泄露喉癌踪迹","content":"

喉咙是具有呼吸、发音和保护嗓子的功能，也是人体很重要的器官。但是这几年，喉癌已经成为耳鼻咽喉科最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。如果喉癌得到早期发现和尽治疗，可以彻底根治，且能最大限度地保障喉功能，从而改善患者的生活质量。在日常生活中，如果发现自己出现以下症状，一定要加强谨慎，及早去医院检查，因为这些症状很有可能就是喉癌的早期症状表现。

 

\"专家提醒您这六种症状泄露喉癌踪迹\"


症状一：声嘶

 

早期为发声易疲倦或者声音嘶哑，但是不会出现其他反应，经常被误认为感冒、喉炎。凡40岁以上，特别是男性、长期吸烟者，声嘶超过3周，经过发声休息和一般治疗没有任何改变患者，一定要医院做喉镜检查。

 

症状二：咽部不适及异物感

 

这种是声门上型喉癌的早期症状，但是也要注意与慢性咽炎的症状相鉴别。

 

症状三：咽痛

 

肿瘤沿着深部侵犯，早期为间隙性疼痛，继而持续性疼痛，并导致同时反射性耳痛，因咽痛引起吞咽困难。

 

症状四：咳嗽及咳血

 

早期常为咳嗽，无痰或只有少量痰，无咳血，随病变延续可出现痰中带血，甚至咳血。

 

症状五：呼吸困难

 

呼吸困难也是喉癌晚期典型症状。

 

症状六：颈部淋巴结肿大

 

特别是声门上型喉癌患者，早期容易出现颈部淋巴结肿大。

 

最后，找良医网祝您身体健康！


","barId":"1328","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":903,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1516262139859,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1516262139859,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1508461864166,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"梅油油","password":"kongbaige113","level":0,"nickName":"梅油油","realName":null,"signName":"。。。。。","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1508466006878.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"541586403@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":5,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":2,"provinceId":"140000","cityId":"140800","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"11322","isDel":0,"createAt":1516261739934,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"专家为您介绍治疗喉癌之放射疗法的利弊","content":"

即使喉癌的早期症状是很容易辨别，但还是有很多病患在治疗喉癌的同时，已经到中晚期。对于中晚期喉癌的治疗，不得不说放射疗法这一通用的癌症治疗方法。

 

\"专家为您介绍治疗喉癌之放射疗法的利弊\"


近25年来，对放疗治疗喉癌的治疗成果已有比较相同的认识。简单的放疗用于早期喉癌的治疗，其1期病变疗效与手术切除及激光治疗相似，5年生存率均为85%～95%;2期病变放疗控制率略低，严格比较仍逊于激光治疗。但放疗对于患者治疗后声音效果的一定会有优势，对于声门上型喉癌(1～3期)术前放疗可以明显降低颈部复发率，但放疗后喉部干燥等远期副作用明显。

 

对于晚期喉癌的治疗以放疗作为前期治疗时，应以外科挽救作为治疗计划的不可或缺的部分，很多学者认为，放疗为基本治疗的生存效果和与手术为基本治疗者相当，尤其是4期患者，放疗并不能有助于喉功能的保留。调强适型放疗是放疗的一大进步，已被应用于头颈部肿瘤的治疗中，这种办法可提高控制率，明显降低毒性反应，可能成为喉癌放疗的一个新起点。

 

上述内容就是对喉癌的治疗中放疗的介绍，相信对大家是有一定的帮助了。对于喉癌的治疗方法，医学上一直没有停止对旧方法的改进和新方法的研究。更多更新喉癌的治疗方法，请咨询找良医网在线专家。


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在前期喉癌的治疗手法上，激光手术的应用是越来越比较多。所以对这些喉癌的治疗方法，大部分人还不是很了解，相对常用的化疗和放疗方法，激光手术是占很大优势的。

 

\"专家的观点是激光手术治疗早期喉癌的优势\"


激光手术在喉癌的治疗上已有30余年历史，在一些技术发达的国家，激光手术对喉癌的治疗已占大部分喉癌手术的30%～50%，且有逐年增长的趋势。激光治疗早期喉癌的5年生存率为85%～100%，其喉功能保全率优于喉部分切除。

 

随着设备的改进和技术的改善，手术可以适应的范围也不断扩大，已从最初只限于早期声门型喉癌的治疗，发展到至今的中晚期声门型、声门上型喉癌的激光手术。但是有些医院设备限制，医生手术技术的差异和对激光手术的认识有差异，开展手术的深度和广泛程度也不同，至今尚无标准的手术适应症范围。

 

相信通过本文，对于这种喉癌的治疗方法，大家都有了一定的认识。由于喉癌的早期症状十分明显，在喉癌的治疗上也是可以早期就开始进行的，这也是激光手术能应用于喉癌的治疗中主要的原因之一。

 

最后，找良医网祝您身体健康！


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咽喉癌是呼吸系统的一类恶性肿瘤，在癌症中不是很常见，但是大家还是要了解一下它的有关知识，以便做好相应的预防工作。下文叙述的就是引起咽喉癌的原因有哪些?

 

\"专家为您详细介绍引起咽喉癌的原因有哪些\" 

 

1、病毒感染

 

病毒是所有癌症的感染原因之一，因为这些病毒可改变基因，发生基因变异，诱发癌变。

 

2、空气污染

 

工厂排出来的有害气体如二氧化硫也可导致癌症，喝含有重金属超标的水也可致癌。

 

3、性激素

 

相关实验表明喉癌病人雌激素受体阳性细胞百分率明显增高。

 

4、慢性炎症刺激

 

如慢性喉炎或呼吸道炎症。在很多慢性炎性刺激因素中尤其以烟、酒刺激最为要紧。临床统计资料显示，喉癌患者与吸烟和喝酒成正相关的关系。

 

5、遗传因素

 

喉癌虽然目前还未见到有遗传的报道，但是也会被大家所注意。

 

6、吸烟

 

吸烟是常见的诱发喉癌的关键病因，因为在烟草燃烧的过程中会发生多种致癌物质，就会对喉部造成伤害，导致粘膜水肿、出血，上皮增生，进而导致癌症的产生。

 

7、癌前期病变

 

喉部角化症和喉部良性肿瘤如喉乳头状瘤反复发作可发生癌变。

 

最后，找良医网祝您身体健康！


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最近几年来癌症的发病率越来越高，而这些病因治疗的时候有一定的困难，所以我们应该做好预防工作，生活中大部分因素都可以诱导癌症的发生，喉癌也是比较多见的一种，但是这种严重的疾病如果在我们身上一定要注意自己的生活环境，那么喉癌疾病出现的基本原因究竟都有哪些呢!

 

 \"专家为您解答哪些原因引起的咽喉癌\"

 

喉癌截止到现在无明确病因，但可能与下列因素有关：

 

(1)抽烟：烟草燃烧可发生一些烟草焦油，当中苯芘可致癌，因为烟草的烟雾可使纤毛运动停止或者缓慢，也会引起粘膜水肿和出血，让上皮增生，变厚，鳞状化生，成为致癌因素。

 

(2)饮酒过度：长期刺激粘膜可使其变性或致癌。

 

(3)慢性炎症刺激如慢性喉炎或呼吸道炎症。

 

(4)空气污染：有害气体比如二氧化硫和生产性工业粉尘如铬，砷的长期吸入容易导致喉癌。

 

(5)病毒感染与癌的产生密切关系，一般认为病毒致使细胞改变性质，发生异常分裂；病毒可赋予基因上，再遗传到下代细胞，发生癌变。

 

(6)癌前期病变：喉部角化症和喉部良性肿瘤如喉乳头状瘤反复发作可导致癌变，喉癌的产生还与体内微量元素如镁锌的缺乏，维生素A的缺失，免疫功能障碍，性障碍代谢紊乱，遗传原因有关。所以，在生活中一定要注意饮食营养均衡平时应积极锻炼身体，增加抵抗力。放射线，用放射线治疗颈部肿物时可致癌。性激素，有关实验表明喉癌病人雌激素受体阳性细胞百分率明显加高。

 

(7)放射线：使用放射线治疗颈部肿物时也可导致癌。

 

(8)性激素：据国内外实验表明喉癌病人雌激素受体阳性细胞百分率显著增高。

 

找良医网温馨提示:通过以上内容的详细解说大家对于喉癌疾病的主要病发原因，是不是已经明确的了解了呢，如果出现这样严重的疾病，患者一定要积极的去医院进行检查和诊断，尽量不要走上治疗疾病的误区!


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前段时间，有位方先生突然感觉嗓子嘶哑，之前就有长期咽痛的他到医院做了相关检查，结果发现竟然是喉癌。那么，哪些症状可能是喉癌呢？下面跟大家介绍一个真实案例。


\"当心6大易忽视症状


“方先生就是因为不重视而延误了病情，在门诊中这样的病人有很多。”耳鼻喉科专家说，他对方先生的情况记得很清楚。不久前，60岁的方先生突然发现自己的嗓子哑了，刚开始没有在意，以为是天气干燥，自己“上火”了，就吃了几天咽喉疼的药。过了几天病情不但没有好转，反而更严重了。一开始方先生的家人看他很不舒服就劝他去看病，但他觉得嗓子哑应该没什么大事，就一直拖着没有重视，后来还出现了瘙痒、吞咽困难、喉部有异物感的症状，使其非常难受。”耳鼻喉科专家说，后期在为方先生进行喉镜检查时，发现他的喉部已经出现了新生物。结合临床各方面经验，方先生被确诊为喉癌。

 

　　耳鼻喉科专家介绍，像方先生这样的患者在门诊中非常多见，大多数都是因为对嗓音病初期症状不够重视，引发的严重后果。“如果只是切除喉部肿瘤没有什么难度，但是如果病情已经很严重了，那就需要将患者的整个喉部都切除，这样患者就失去了发声的权利。所以，如果大家发现自己嗓子出现嘶哑、异物感等身体不适，请及时到医院检查治疗。”

 

　　1、咽喉感觉异常

　　咽喉感觉异常是喉癌最初期的明显症状。声门上型喉癌的早期症状就是异物感、紧迫感或吞咽不适感，由于声门上型喉癌最初的症状不是很明显，可能很长时间之后才会被发现。因此，如果发现咽部异物感，一定要及时去专业医院检查，及早发现喉部病变及早治疗。

 

　　2、咽喉疼痛

　　咽喉疼痛也可能会引发喉癌，如果出现咽喉疼痛现象2周左右还得不到缓解，这时患者一定要引起注意了，赶快去医院进行检查，要警惕恶性肿瘤，因为肿瘤形成的黏膜溃疡会引起疼痛，所以一定要及早治疗。

 

　　3、吞咽障碍呼吸困难

　　耳鼻喉科专家说，有60~70%的患者前期都有出现吞咽障碍呼吸困难的状况，尤其是非声门型的喉癌患者，大多数都是出现这种情况的时候才去就诊，但是往往已经是癌肿瘤晚期了，已经失去了最佳的治疗时期和恢复疗效。因此，大家在出现咽喉不适时，一定要及早检查诊治。

 

　　4、颈部肿块

　　颈部比较容易出现的一个问题就是脖子上出现了肿块，有些人在刚开始发现肿块的时候觉得没什么，认为这个肿块会自己消下去，但是往往这个肿块不但不会自己消下去反而会越来越大。特别是声门上型喉癌最容易形成颈部淋巴结转移，慢慢形成颈部肿块。部分患者往往以颈部肿块为首发症状甚至是唯一的症状就诊。如果出现颈部肿块而未及时就医往往贻误诊疗时机，影响治疗效果。因此，找良医网专家提醒，如果发现有颈部肿块一定要引起注意，及时到医院耳鼻喉科就诊，检查是否是相关疾病，特别是肿瘤性病变。

 

　　5、声音嘶哑

　　声音嘶哑是喉癌最初期最明显的信号，这是需要引起重视的，声音由声带的震动产生，而声带是由喉返神经支配的，所以任何导致声带及喉返神经的病变都可以导致声音嘶哑，建议去医院检查明确具体病因。喉癌是长在声带上的肿瘤，即使体积再小，也会出现声音嘶哑现象。如果患者不明白任何原因的发生声音嘶哑且持续两周以上，一定要做细致的喉部检查，千万不可忽视其存在。这种声嘶可能有时会有一些减轻，但会一直存在，一定要重视。

 

　　6、咳嗽或咳痰带血

不要小看平时的咳嗽，轻者几天就痊愈了，重者可能会引发喉癌。因为声门下肿瘤刺激可产生刺激性咳嗽、或痰中带血，早期患者会感觉喉部不舒适。可能有些患者会把注意力放到肺部疾病上而没有引起注意延误诊断。所以，发生咳嗽痰中带血现象，一定要去医院检查喉部，以免延误病情。

 

找良医网温馨提示：以上就是关于容易引发喉癌的6大症状的相关介绍，希望能对大家有所帮助，为了大家的健康，一定要定期做身体检查，如有身体不适请及时到医院就诊，最后，祝愿大家身体健康！ 


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现在社会大家的生活都很丰富，往往会忽略掉很多坏习惯，从而引发严重的疾病。像喉癌被发现的时候往往已经是中晚期了，但是大家有了解过喉癌的症状有哪些吗？什么时候才是最佳的治疗时机。我们又应该如何预防喉癌呢？尤其是男士们一定要警惕！


\"男士注意喉癌可能就在身边\"


某银行经理45岁，刚开始有吞咽不舒服、感觉咽喉有异物的症状，连续两周慢慢出现声音嘶哑，一直没有痊愈，就去耳鼻咽喉科做了相关检查。检查发现右早期声带癌，及时做了喉部分切除+声带重建术，术后两个月即恢复工作，退休后颐养天年。还有60岁的退休职工周伯伯身体一直很健壮，但两个月来声音无明显嘶哑，有进行性气紧，医生检查说是怀疑他患了喉癌，但是周伯伯觉得不可能。慢慢的他再也忍受不住呼吸困难去医院求医时，医生说已经失去最佳治疗时机，最终不得不接受全喉切除、颈清扫及术后放疗等综合治疗来延长生命。

 

患者误区：千万不要错过最佳治疗时机

 

1、声音沙哑并不是所有喉癌患者的早期症状。虽然声音异常是人们最明显的发病症状，但并非是所有喉癌的患者的早期症状。这个症状只有早期声门型癌患者才会出现，如果是早期的声门上型癌、声门下型癌可能不会出现或症状不明显。这也就是后两者诊断出来并不会是因为早期原因产生的。

 

2、一定要警惕咳痰带血现象。通常来说，出现这种症状的话就已经不是早期了，由于喉部黏膜病变的溃烂面在咳嗽气流痰液的冲击下发生痰血，所以，癌细胞很有可能向组织深层浸润发展。因此，大家一定要警惕咳痰带血现象。

 

3、做CT检查并不能完全发现发病区。某先生半年前因喉部不适去医院就医，医院给他做了喉CT，但是并没有发现肿瘤，于是就安心回了老家。虽然这位先生的病情一直没有减退，但对医院的CT检查还是很相信的，因此就放松了对喉部症状的警惕，也没有再次就诊其他相关诊所。过了半年后再次检查就已经被确诊为喉癌。CT检查确实有它自身的优势，但也不是万能的。如果在肿瘤早期的黏膜或黏膜下浅层浸润时，就被发现病变部位，虽然这个位置不易被发现。总的来说对喉癌早期的病变并不是很显示，但是相信我们国家的医疗水平会尽早发现早期症状，让患者们得以治疗的。

 

喉癌跟其他的癌症一样，不能够搞清楚真正诱发其患病的因素是什么。据临床经验及相关数据表明，喉癌的发病规律和发生因素是明确的。喉癌发生在50-70岁这个年龄段较多，最大的患者90多岁。有相关报道提到，最小的患者仅11岁。喉癌多发于男性，数据表明发病的男女比例差别为全国之首。常见的引发喉癌的因素如下：

 

1、嗜烟喝酒

嗜烟喝酒是常见的引发喉癌的因素之一。相关数据表明，每天抽烟40支的人，死于喉癌的机率是不吸烟人的20倍。戒烟后五年，发病率就会降低，如果戒烟15年后，那么发病率就会跟不吸烟者一样。找良医网专家提示，抽烟加上喝酒，会产生更大的致癌作用。

 

2、空气污染

空气污染是常见的引发喉癌的因素之一，由于人们吸入空气中的石棉、芥子气、镍等有毒气体，就会引发喉癌。在经济飞速发展的同时，环境污染问题也越来越严重，大家一定要引起重视。

 

3、癌前期病变

癌前期病变是常见的引发喉癌的因素之一，通常癌前期病变有喉白斑、喉角化症、慢性肥厚性喉炎及成人型喉乳头状瘤等症状，发现这些症状千万不可忽视，应及时到正规医院进行检查积极配合治疗，相信我们现在的医学水平是可以将这些病变清除，使病变黏膜恢复正常的。

 

找良医网专家温馨提示：喉癌的发病原因有很多，像环境污染及不良的生活习惯都会导致喉癌的发生。所以广大男同胞，如果有嗜烟习惯者，由于不明原因而出现持续性声嘶、或咽喉异物感不适、或咳痰带血、或进行性呼吸不顺畅的症状，请及时到耳鼻喉科就行检查就诊，千万不要忽视这些问题，定期观察喉内情况，及早发现及早治疗，以免给您的身体造成更大的伤害。最后，祝愿大家身体健康！


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现今社会生活水平的不断提高，癌症的发病率也日渐提升。如喉癌主要是源于喉粘膜上皮组织的恶性肿瘤，临床上最多见的喉癌就是喉鳞状细胞癌。并且大多发生在中老年男性中。因此总结得出，喉癌的产生跟吸烟、酗酒、长期吸入有害物质及乳头状瘤病毒感染等致病因素有很大的联系。下面就跟大家介绍一下喉癌的初期症状有哪些？


\"专家告诉您喉癌的初期症状有哪些\"


声音顽固嘶哑

喉癌最初期非常明显的症状是声音顽固嘶哑。因为喉癌是长在声带上的肿瘤，无论体积有多小，都会造成声音嘶哑。如果出现不知道任何原因引发的声音嘶哑并持续两周以上的状况，请及时到医院做细致的喉部检查，千万不可掉以轻心。虽然患者暂时感觉不痛不痒，都可能误以为是“感冒”或“咽喉炎”导致的。但感冒、炎症所致的声嘶随着炎症消退会很快好转，而喉癌引起的声嘶症状却会呈进行性加重，且逐渐发展为声音变粗、变哑，直至完全失音。

 

咽喉感觉异常

如果患者出现异物感、紧迫感或吞咽不适感，这些是声门上型喉癌的早期症状。由于癌瘤最初没有明显的症状，有可能直至二、三期时才会被发现，追溯病史，可长达数月。所以，中老年人患者如有咽喉不适，请及时到专业医院做全面、细致的检查，万万不能以咽部异感症或慢性咽喉炎而草率处理，而延误最佳的治疗时机。

 

咳嗽痰中带血

咳嗽痰中带血是喉癌初期的症状之一，因为肿瘤的刺激引起的刺激性干咳，痰中带血，患者常有粘液粘着感，就是常说的“洗嗓子”。由于肿瘤增大后会阻塞气道，使气管分泌物排出不畅，造成呼吸道感染、喘鸣甚至呼吸困难，中晚期患者会出现持续咳嗽、发音改变等症状。

 

反射性疼痛感

发射性疼痛感是喉癌初期的症状之一，由于喉癌合并溃疡、炎症或喉软骨骨膜炎等症状，从而引发神经的反射性疼痛，出现同侧头痛、耳痛症状。这些症状主要会出现在患有声门上型肿瘤的患者身上。

 

出现癌前病变

出现癌前病变也是喉癌初期的症状之一，声带息肉很容易出现声带撕裂，但也有一部分会引起癌变。所以，声带息肉最好的治疗方法就是及早手术切除，如果不宜手术的患者就要定期到医院检查护理，以免发生病变。有些喉部疾病如喉厚皮病、喉粘膜白斑病、喉乳头状瘤等也可能恶变成癌，这就是所谓的“癌前期病变”。

 

找良医网温馨提示：以上就是关于喉癌初期症状有哪些的相关介绍，希望能对大家有所帮助。如果还有疑问，请继续关注我们的网站，还可以向专家咨询。建议您如有身体不适请及时到医院就诊，最后，祝愿大家身体健康！


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喉癌手术常出现各种并发症，有些并发症呈致死性后果，有些虽无严重后果，却对手术效果产生不利影响，也不利于患者术后的康复。以下为几种喉癌并发症。

 

\"喉癌手术的常见并发症\"


1、皮下气肿

 

这类型的皮下气肿与气管切开术后发生的皮下气肿类似，可见于气管切开处和颈部。由于颈前皮下软组织术中分离多，术后分层缝合不严密，皮肤切口缝合紧密，气管造口周围的气体随呼吸溢入皮下而形成。

 

少量气体积存于气管口周围可加压包扎治疗；若皮下气肿面积大，且有扩大趋势时，应间断拆除颈中部皮肤缝线，气肿可慢慢消退。

 

2、气管脱落

 

这是一种较严重的并发症，全喉切除术后，因术前放疗造成软骨坏死和术后局部感染，导致气管造瘘口周围皮肤缝线与气管断端裂开，气管向下缩入纵隔。

 

一旦发生气管脱离，首先要拆除已感染的缝线，清除创口，再将气管断端与周围皮缘固定2～3针，防止气管继续回缩，待感染控制后延期缝合固定。

 

3、喉瘘

 

这种并发症并不少见，喉瘘见于喉部分切除术后，残喉修复后有一部分裂口与颈前皮肤贯通，形成瘘道，有分泌物流出但不多。发生的原因与咽瘘相似，如术前放疗、皮下感染致创口裂开等。

 

喉瘘的瘘口比咽瘘的要小，当除去扩张物或局部坏死组织后，经局部换药多数可以自行愈合，若长期不愈合，待局部感染控制后可重新缝合或用局部皮瓣修复。


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现在虽然医疗科技水平都非常发达，但是癌症也非常的常见，那么在我们生活中如何远离癌症呢？


\"远离癌症，从坚持运动开始\"


1、运动时肌肉产生热量高，剧烈运动时甚至上升至40℃以上，癌细胞对热的承受力远不如正常细胞，容易被杀伤。

 

2、运动使人体吸入比平常多几倍至几十倍的氧气，一般人安静时每分钟吸氧为4～7公升，而运动时可达100公升。吸氧量的增加，气体的频繁交换，可使体内的一些致癌物质排出体外。

 

　 3、运动会刺激体内某些激素的分泌，加快骨髓生产白细胞的速度，使白细胞数量增多，存活时间延长，增加吞噬细胞的能力，这样，一旦体内出现少量的癌细胞，很快就会被众多的白细胞围攻歼灭。4、运动使人体大量出汗，汗水可以把体内的一些致癌物质及时排出体外，大大减少患癌症的可能性。运动使人体血液循环加速，体内出现的癌细胞就像急流中的小砂砾一样，无法在某个内脏器官站稳脚跟、生长发育和转移扩散。

 

　　找良医网温馨提示：以上就是关于如何远离癌症的介绍，希望能对大家有所帮助，并非所有的运动都可以达到预防癌症的效果。只有长期的有氧运动才可以帮你降低胆固醇和体脂，如慢跑、游泳等，不仅能减少体重，更能够强化免疫力，防癌抗衰老。如有身体不适请及时到医院就诊，早日查清病况及早治疗。最后，祝愿大家身体健康！


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