{"countAll":0,"orderType":null,"readLevel":"0","lyTopicReq":{"id":"1444","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":null,"content":null,"barId":"1444","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1034","readLevel":0,"files":null,"clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},"lyBarModerators":{"list":[],"list4Map":null,"pageBegin":0,"pageSize":8,"pageNumber":0,"totalPage":0,"totalRow":0},"metaSearch":{"description":"为您提供:儿童哮喘并发症_儿童哮喘的危害及预防等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"儿童哮喘并发症_儿童哮喘的危害及预防","title":"儿童哮喘并发症_儿童哮喘的危害及预防","channels":null},"data":{"list":[{"id":"12040","isDel":0,"createAt":1517393344266,"createBy":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"海绵宝宝","updateAt":1517397038446,"updateBy":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"海绵宝宝","userId":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"专家为您解答小儿哮喘常见的并发症有哪些","content":"<p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">小儿哮喘的并发症有很多，包括肺气肿、闭锁综合征、气胸和纵隔气肿等多种。因为现在的环境污染或者其他的原因导致越来越多的宝宝患上了小儿哮喘的疾病，许多小儿哮喘患者的家长因为不了解其并发症，因而耽误的小儿哮喘患者的病情。如果不及时治疗就会引发小儿哮喘常见的并发症，</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">接下来就我们一起了解下</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\">小儿哮喘常见的并发症</span></strong><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\">有哪些</span></strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">？</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1517394280576.jpg\" title=\"专家为您解答小儿哮喘常见的并发症有哪些\" alt=\"专家为您解答小儿哮喘常见的并发症有哪些\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">并发症一：严重的小儿哮喘持续状态，本身可以由于缺氧的影响，造成心律紊乱和休克</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">。</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">然而，临床上因治疗不当而发生这两种并发症的机会就更多见。</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">都是小儿哮喘常见的并发症之一呢。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">并发症二：生长发育迟缓。一般的哮喘对儿童的生长发育影响不是太大，可是如果哮喘终年发作或长期应用肾上腺皮质激素，就有可能因为缺氧或者皮质激素的抑制蛋白合成等</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">。就会给孩子的成长带来影响。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">并发症三：胸廓畸形和肋骨骨折。小儿哮喘病变中胸廓畸形相当常见，主要见于</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">从小</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">得哮喘的病人</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">有或者是长期发病的患者</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">。肋骨骨折主要发生在剧烈发作时的咳嗽或喘息时，由于横隔的猛烈收缩而气道又有阻塞以致造成肋骨的折断。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">通过以上详细说明的几点，相信您对</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">小儿哮喘常见的并发症有哪些，</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">都有所了解，</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">那么如果你还想了解别的请您继续关注我们网站。网站每天都有新的内容供大家参考。祝您身体健康</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:Calibri;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1444","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1034","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1581,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1517393344268,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1517393344268,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1507776522121,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"海绵宝宝","password":"hgs1990623110","level":0,"nickName":"张宝宝","realName":null,"signName":"找良医网","head":null,"phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"573253266@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":5,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":2,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110114","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"11135","isDel":0,"createAt":1516082294034,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":1517926257990,"updateBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"良药苦口","userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"孩子哮喘会引发什么疾病 专家向您解答","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: left; line-height: 200%;\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">我们每天都在呼吸，气管是我们赖以生存的必需品，但是如果随着年龄的增长，或者受到外界的影响，会出现各种疾病，</span></span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">哮喘</span></span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">就是其中一种，在</span></span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">支气管哮喘</span></span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">的疗程中，由于长期疾病的影响，急性发作时的病理生理紊乱，或者因为某些药物的使用不当等，可以产生急性、慢性和治疗性等多种并发症。些并发症一旦发生，常可使病情加重，或不易控制，有的并发症还直接能造成生命危险，兹列举一些并发症如下：</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: left; line-height: 200%;\"><br/></p><p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1516083102531.jpg\" title=\"孩子哮喘会引发什么疾病 专家向您解答\" alt=\"孩子哮喘会引发什么疾病 专家向您解答\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">1、肺气肿和肺心病</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">如果患者哮喘发作，会出现胸部隆起，双肩高耸动作，有一些活动就有明显气短，胸透检查的时候，可以看见透光度增加，患者从感觉上，会以为自己得了肺气肿，而实际上并非如此。这是因为哮喘发作时呼吸困难，以至肺内许多气呼不出来，形成了与肺气肿相似的临床表现，可是一旦发作缓解，这些表现都是可以消失的。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">和肺气肿一样，是否继发心脏病也是患者关心的问题。实际上，即使哮喘晚期，继发肺源性心脏病者也并不多见，尤其儿科患者是如此。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">2、呼吸骤停和呼吸衰竭</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">呼吸骤停症状指的是病人突然发生的呼吸停止。一般会发生在病人已连续发病几天后的用膳及咳嗽时，也可以在轻微活动后，发生这一严重并发症前，通常病情并不太重，也没有什么预兆。因而病人大半都在家中，家属的及时救治非常重要。如果呼吸停止后</span>2～3分钟后未恢复过来，也没有进行及时的人工呼吸等救治，则常会在送医院前继发心跳骤停而死亡。呼吸骤停的原因尚不清楚，可能与发病时的神经反射失常有关。这种并发症发生的机会虽然甚少，但发生过一次骤停的人常有第二次发生的可能，应当特别警惕!</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">呼吸衰竭的发生比呼吸骤停慢得多，多为哮喘持续状态发展到后期所并发，表现为神志的改变与明显的紫绀，应当送往医院救治。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">3、气胸和纵隔气肿</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">呼吸时，由于胸壁的运动，好象风箱一样，使气体能够进出肺脏。在哮喘发作时，由于小气管的阻塞，咳嗽时肺泡内压力可以更高，此时某些较薄弱的肺泡就有破裂可能，破裂的肺泡可以连接在一起形成肺大泡，也可能气体顺着肺间质跑到纵隔形成纵隔气肿。较常见的情况是气体跑到肺外的胸膜腔，造成气胸。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">4、心律紊乱和休克</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">严重的哮喘持续状态，本身可以由于缺氧的影响，造成心律紊乱和休克，然而，临床上因治疗不当而发生这两种并发症的机会就更多见。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">5、闭锁综合征</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">所谓哮喘的</span>“闭锁综合征”指的是近十年来临床上发现的哮喘发作，病变发作程度虽然不一定剧烈，但终日持续，对各种药物都没有什么明显效果，就好像呼吸道被“关闭”或“锁”起来了一样。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">产生闭锁综合征的主要原因是异丙基肾上腺素的使用过量，或在治疗中因心跳过快而不适当地使用了心得安。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">6、胸廓畸形和肋骨骨折</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">哮喘病变中胸廓畸形相当常见，主要见于自幼得哮喘的病人或长期发病者。肋骨骨折主要发生在剧烈发作时的咳嗽或喘息时，由于横隔的猛烈收缩而气道又有阻塞以致造成肋骨的折断。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">7、生长发育迟缓</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">一般的哮喘对儿童的生长发育影响不大，可是哮喘终年发作或长期应用肾上腺皮质激素，就有可能因为缺氧或皮质激素的抑制蛋白合成等作用而对儿童的生长发育带来较大影响。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">找良医网温馨提示：哮喘患者需要静养，不能剧烈运动，患者一定要按照医嘱进行自我调养！</span></span></p>","barId":"1444","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1034","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1549,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1516082294044,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1516082294044,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1507789271266,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"良药苦口","password":"zx13401068656","level":0,"nickName":"周良药","realName":null,"signName":"良药苦口利于病，忠言逆耳利于行！","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1516263139285.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"langlixunta@163.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110114","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"9261","isDel":0,"createAt":1513227965084,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"哮喘到底有哪些危害","content":"<p style=\"margin: 4px 0px; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1513228401408.jpg\" title=\"哮喘到底有哪些危害\" alt=\"哮喘到底有哪些危害\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">哮喘是威胁人类健康的主要原因之一，那么什么是哮喘？哮喘到底有哪些危害？</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">他的胸廓为何像漏斗？哦，原来是他从儿童时期就患了哮喘；他的身高为何比妹妹矮多了？哦，原来是他小时候患哮喘时用药不当导致的。儿童哮喘，一种严重影响儿童健康成长的疾病，目前有发病增多的倾向。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">如何预防哮喘？一旦发现哮喘怎么办？用了激素对身体会有影响吗？请看下面有关专家的建议。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">在门诊遇到一位２１岁的青年，一天前他由于哮喘发作，到急诊室静脉推注了氨茶碱和地塞米松。我一检查，他的面部呈满月脸，胸廓呈漏斗状，四肢细细的。他说，他的哮喘病从３岁就得上了，当时是反复咳嗽，严重时有点喘，由于父母都很忙，每次发作，到门诊看看，诊断为急性支气管炎，吃点抗生素和氨茶碱就算了，从来没有进行认真的诊治。以后喘息越来越频，父母没有时间照顾他。到１６岁时，每次发作都是到急诊室用氨茶碱和地塞米松对付一下。至今５年，每２～３周发作一次，病情越来越难控制。像这样的患者并不少见。儿童时期，气管、肺脏和胸廓正处于生长时期，哮喘病若得不到及时防治，反复发作，会明显地增加气道阻力，造成气道发育不良，肋骨萎缩，胸骨前凸，胸廓变形，随着年龄增长，病情将越来越重，就像上述的青年一样，要靠静脉用药才能缓解症状。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">我还曾遇到另一位青年，刚以优秀的成绩考上大学，由于要入学了，到我院检查。乍一看，他像个十三四岁的孩子，讲话还是童声。问他父亲才知道他在儿时反复出现哮喘，到１４岁时遇到一位</span>“名医”，这位“名医”给他穴位注射一种白色药物，果然“手到病除”，过两天哮喘好了，什么药都不须用。但一个多月后又发作了，这位“名医”又给他打一针，症状又消失了。如此每１～２个月就打一针，连续５年，哮喘基本不患了，但２０岁的他身高只有１．５２米，他的妹妹身高却有１．６２米。事实上，这个青年接受的是十分错误的治疗，“名医”每月给他注射的是一种缓慢释放的皮质激素（俗称康宁克通）。长期用这种药，会造成孩子骨质代谢严重障碍，对脑垂体及肾上腺皮质分泌功能有严重抑制作用，孩子不再长高，不再发育，造成终身遗憾。类似这种情况亦不少见，这是病急乱投医的后果。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">在哮喘患者中，有７０％以上是在幼儿或童年患病的。从广州对１３～１４岁儿童流行病学统计发现，哮喘发病率１９９４年为２．０％，２００１年为３．７％，有增加的趋势，增加的原因还不清楚，可能与环境过于卫生（更少与病原微生物接触，减少自身抗微生物免疫功能，破坏了体内免疫平衡），或与环境中致敏物质明显增加有关。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">儿童时期的哮喘症状，除了典型的胸闷、喘息以外，还特别应注意以下两种情况，其一是发作性咳嗽。在儿童，当出现支气管痉挛收缩时，常以咳嗽的症状反映出来。儿童得了感冒、气管炎出现２～３周咳嗽，是常见的，但如果经一般治疗，咳嗽持续一个月以上，就应警惕是否为以感冒为诱因的支气管哮喘发作，而不应盲目地增加或改用抗生素。特别是当孩子在晚间、凌晨出现咳嗽，或嗅到异味、吸入冷空气等出现咳嗽时，应考虑到哮喘的可能。其二，运动性喘息。孩子平时无症状，但在剧烈的跑跑跳跳时，或在体育课跑步时出现气紧，表现为明显落后于其他人或要停下来时，应警惕可能是哮喘的表现，而不应盲目责怪孩子偷懒。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">大多数哮喘儿童有过敏性体质（或称变应性体质），常表现有过敏性鼻炎或荨麻疹等，这种体质有一定的遗传性（约５０％～６０％的儿童其父或其母亦有过敏性体质）。引起哮喘发作最常见的病因是吸入致敏原，例如尘螨、蟑螂排泄物、枯草、羽毛、狗毛、花粉等，而感冒病毒（特别是呼吸道合胞病毒）、冷空气、污染的空气（包括父母吸烟）也是促发儿童哮喘发作的重要原因。此外，剧烈运动、过度哭笑也可能促发哮喘症状。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">避免上述致敏原，是预防哮喘发作的重要环节。但有些致敏原是无法避免的，应积极治疗哮喘。古人云，</span>“上工治未病，不治已病”，对于哮喘的治疗，上策是预防其发作，而非发作时再治疗。既然哮喘的本质是气道慢性炎症，对绝大多数患者，气道炎症加重，就出现哮喘症状，因而针对气道炎症进行持续不懈的治疗，是预防发作的根本方法。目前使用吸入皮质激素，是最基本亦是最有效的抗炎药物。儿童时期气道炎症比较单纯，抗炎治疗效果好，如果气道炎症不断加重，就会出现气道重塑——气道壁增厚，那时治疗效果就差了，因而在儿童时期积极的气道抗炎治疗，较容易达到长期控制不再发作的目标。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">在儿童发育期（男孩１２～１４岁，女孩１１～１３岁），由于体内内源性皮质激素生成增加，又由于各级支气管的发育，口径增大，有６０％儿童的症状可有不同程度改善，部分症状消失，但也有一部分症状持续或加重，如此持续一生。要争取好的转化，其前提是重视发育前期的预防性（气道抗炎）治疗，尽量减少发作。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">我的体会是，如果能在发育起始阶段有效地控制哮喘，使其很少发作或不发作，则９０％的儿童在发育中后期可以明显改善或无症状，相当一部分可以完全停药。因此，在儿童时期有效地进行预防性用药，对于孩子一生的病情好转起着关键性作用。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1444","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1034","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1340,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1513227965086,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1513227965086,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1507789271266,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"良药苦口","password":"zx13401068656","level":0,"nickName":"周良药","realName":null,"signName":"良药苦口利于病，忠言逆耳利于行！","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1516263139285.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"langlixunta@163.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110114","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"9260","isDel":0,"createAt":1513227579305,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"小儿哮喘严重吗","content":"<p style=\"margin: 4px 0px; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1513228095007.jpg\" title=\"小儿哮喘严重吗\" alt=\"小儿哮喘严重吗\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">引起哮喘发病的原因有哪些？小动物的皮毛、室内尘螨、霉菌、蟑螂、花草、花粉等，也是某些哮喘儿童的诱发因素。其中感冒是引起儿童哮喘发作的最常见因素。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\">　　</p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">小儿哮喘严不严重</span>?随着小儿哮喘发病率的逐年升高，许多家长越来越关心哮喘对于患儿的危害，特别是由于哮喘常反复发作，难以根治，所以严重到影响患儿的身心健康也给患儿家长带来了沉重的经济负担和精神压力，专家表示，对于哮喘患儿来说，疾病本身并不可怕，但是他对病人的长期折磨是需要警惕的，但小儿哮喘也不是不可战胜的，只要了解哮喘的起因，掌握正确的预防和控制方法，就可以有效地减少哮喘的发病次数和发病程度，逐渐摆脱哮喘的困扰。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">什么原因导致小儿哮喘</span>?</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">引起哮喘发病的原因有很多，但不外乎内因与外因，内因即体质因素，外因是环境因素。小儿哮喘与感冒、天气变化、运动过度、劳累、某些食物及药物、被动吸烟、油漆、油烟等有密切关系。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">小儿哮喘危害有哪些</span>?</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">肺气肿和肺心病</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">在哮喘发作时，病人胸部隆起，双肩高耸，稍一活动就有明显气短，胸透时可见透光度增加，病人以为自己已经得了肺气肿，而实际上并非如此。这是因为哮喘发作时呼吸困难，以至肺内许多气呼不出来，形成了与肺气肿相似的临床表现，可是一旦发作缓解，这些表现都是可以消失的。一些学者认为，哮喘病如果没有慢性支气管炎并发，有的人得病数十年后，也仍然可以没有明显的肺气肿表现。有资料统计：大约</span>8 0%的肺气肿病人都有慢性支气管炎，1/3的慢性支气管炎伴有肺气肿，可是只有1/10左右的哮喘病人并发肺气肿。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">呼吸骤停和呼吸衰竭</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">呼吸骤停指的是病人突然发生的呼吸停止。大半发生在病人已连续发病几天后的用膳及咳嗽时，也可以在轻微活动后，发生这一严重并发症前，通常病情并不太重，也没有什么预兆。因而病人大半都在家中，家属的及时救治非常重要。如果呼吸停止后</span>2～3 分钟后未恢复过来，也没有进行及时的人工呼吸等救治，则常会在送医院前继发心跳骤停而死亡。呼吸骤停的原因尚不清楚，可能与发病时的神经反射失常有关。这种并发症发生的机会虽然甚少，但发生过一次骤停的人常有第二次发生的可能，应当特别警惕!</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">呼吸衰竭的发生比呼吸骤停慢得多，多为哮喘持续状态发展到后期所并发，表现为神志的改变与明显的紫绀，应当送往医院救治。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">气胸和纵隔气肿</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">呼吸时，由于胸壁的运动，好象风箱一样，使气体能够进出肺脏。在哮喘发作时，由于小气管的阻塞，咳嗽时肺泡内压力可以更高，此时某些较薄弱的肺泡就有破裂可能，破裂的肺泡可以连接在一起形成肺大泡，也可能气体顺着肺间质跑到纵隔形成纵隔气肿。较常见的情况是气体跑到肺外的胸膜腔，造成气胸。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">心律紊乱和休克</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">严重的哮喘持续状态，本身可以由于缺氧的影响，造成心律紊乱和休克，然而，临床上因治疗不当而发生这两种并发症的机会就更多见。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">闭锁综合征</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">所谓哮喘的</span>“闭锁综合征”指的是近十年来临床上发现的哮喘发作，病变发作程度虽然不一定剧烈，但终日持续，对各种药物都没有什么明显效果，就好像呼吸道被“关闭”或“锁”起来了一样。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">产生闭锁综合征的主要原因是异丙基肾上腺素的使用过量，或在治疗中因心跳过快而不适当地使用了心得安。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">胸廓畸形和肋骨骨折</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">哮喘病变中胸廓畸形相当常见，主要见于自幼得哮喘的病人或长期发病者。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">肋骨骨折主要发生在剧烈发作时的咳嗽或喘息时，由于横隔的猛烈收缩而气道又有阻塞以致造成肋骨的折断。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">生长发育迟缓</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">一般的哮喘对儿童的生长发育影响不大，可是哮喘终年发作或长期应用肾上腺皮质激素，就有可能因为缺氧或皮质激素的抑制蛋白合成等作用而对儿童的生长发育带来较大影响。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1444","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1034","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1474,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1513227579306,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1513227579306,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1507789271266,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"良药苦口","password":"zx13401068656","level":0,"nickName":"周良药","realName":null,"signName":"良药苦口利于病，忠言逆耳利于行！","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1516263139285.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"langlixunta@163.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110114","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"7732","isDel":0,"createAt":1510890857358,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"小儿哮喘可能并发哪些疾病","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1510890977298.jpg\" title=\"小儿哮喘可能并发哪些疾病\" alt=\"小儿哮喘可能并发哪些疾病\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">找良医网</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">向您详细介绍小儿哮喘有哪些并发病症，小儿哮喘还会引起哪些疾病？</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">小儿哮喘常见并发症</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">有以下几点：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">休克</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">慢性支气管炎</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">支气管扩张</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1.肺气肿和肺心病</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">在哮喘发作时，病人胸部隆起，双肩高耸，稍一活动就有明显气短，胸透时可见透光度增加，病人以为自己已经得了肺气肿，而实际上并非如此，这是因为哮喘发作时呼吸困难，以至肺内许多气呼不出来，形成了与肺气肿相似的临床表现，可是一旦发作缓解，这些表现都是可以消失的，一些学者认为，哮喘病如果没有慢性支气管炎并发，有的人得病数十年后，也仍然可以没有明显的肺气肿表现，有资料统计：大约</span>8 0%的肺气肿病人都有慢性支气管炎，1/3的慢性支气管炎伴有肺气肿，可是只有1/10左右的哮喘病人并发肺气肿。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">和肺气肿一样，是否继发心脏病也是患者关心的问题，实际上，即使哮喘晚期，继发肺源性心脏病者也并不多见，尤其儿科患者是如此。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2.呼吸骤停和呼吸衰竭</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">呼吸骤停指的是病人突然发生的呼吸停止，大半发生在病人已连续发病几天后的用膳及咳嗽时，也可以在轻微活动后，发生这一严重并发症前，通常病情并不太重，也没有什么预兆，因而病人大半都在家中，家属的及时救治非常重要，如果呼吸停止后</span>2～3 分钟后未恢复过来，也没有进行及时的人工呼吸等救治，则常会在送医院前继发心跳骤停而死亡，呼吸骤停的原因尚不清楚，可能与发病时的神经反射失常有关，这种并发症发生的机会虽然甚少，但发生过一次骤停的人常有第二次发生的可能，应当特别警惕！</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">呼吸衰竭的发生比呼吸骤停慢得多，多为哮喘持续状态发展到后期所并发，表现为神志的改变与明显的紫绀，应当送往医院救治。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3.气胸和纵隔气肿</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">呼吸时，由于胸壁的运动，好象风箱一样，使气体能够进出肺脏，在哮喘发作时，由于小气管的阻塞，咳嗽时肺泡内压力可以更高，此时某些较薄弱的肺泡就有破裂可能，破裂的肺泡可以连接在一起形成肺大泡，也可能气体顺着肺间质跑到纵隔形成纵隔气肿，较常见的情况是气体跑到肺外的胸膜腔，造成气胸。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4.心律紊乱和休克</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">严重的哮喘持续状态，本身可以由于缺氧的影响，造成心律紊乱和休克，然而，临床上因治疗不当而发生这两种并发症的机会就更多见。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">5.闭锁综合征</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">所谓哮喘的</span>“闭锁综合征”指的是近十年来临床上发现的哮喘发作，病变发作程度虽然不一定剧烈，但终日持续，对各种药物都没有什么明显效果，就好像呼吸道被“关闭”或“锁”起来了一样。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">产生闭锁综合征的主要原因是异丙基肾上腺素的使用过量，或在治疗中因心跳过快而不适当地使用了心得安。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">6.胸廓畸形和肋骨骨折</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">哮喘病变中胸廓畸形相当常见，主要见于自幼得哮喘的病人或长期发病者。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">肋骨骨折主要发生在剧烈发作时的咳嗽或喘息时，由于横隔的猛烈收缩而气道又有阻塞以致造成肋骨的折断。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">7.生长发育迟缓</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span 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