双侧髂内动脉有血栓，股深动脉、腘动脉有血栓堵塞，病人现在下肢麻木冰凉，肌肉僵硬，左脚有变形，走路有点跛，在长沙湘雅二医院做过取栓手术，但是血栓没有取干净，请问还有什么办法治好吗？
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可手术，还是保守治疗
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\n请问这个能做手术吗？风险大吗
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想请心血管科的仔细检查一下能准确确定是什么病
","barId":"1675","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1019","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1454,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486741858624,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486741858622,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"3260","isDel":0,"createAt":1486741811705,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"如手术切除肌桥应需多少费用?本院能做吗？(微创可以吗？)","content":"男,64岁。左胸疼痛，对应后背疼痛°在胸科医院检查诊为前降支心肌桥。
请问心肌桥应怎么治?
","barId":"1675","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1020","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1104,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486741811707,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486741811705,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"3783","isDel":0,"createAt":1486655543053,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"肛瘘怎么回事 发病原因有哪些","content":"肛瘘的全称叫做肛门直肠瘘，也就是说肛门外有瘘管和直肠是相通的，肛瘘现在可以说是我们生活当中很常见的一种肛肠疾病了，它给患者的日常生活和工作带来了不少的影响。很多朋友还不明白肛瘘怎么回事，下面我们就来介绍一下肛瘘形成的原因。
\n肛瘘怎么回事
\n血行感染
\n现在有很多白血病、再生障碍性贫血以及糖尿病患者都会伴随着肛瘘这种疾病，而导致这种现象的原因就是因为疾病让患者的身体抵抗力出现了明显的下降，从而导致血行感染才引发了肛瘘。
\n直肠损伤
\n肛门直肠受到损伤，或者是不下心吞下了金属或者是骨性异物等在排出的时候都是有可能会损伤直肠肛管的，这样一来就会导致细菌从损伤的伤口侵入到粘膜当中引起肛周脓肿，如果这时候没有及时的进行治疗就会进一步引发肛瘘。
\n肛周脓肿
\n肛周脓肿是导致肛瘘最重要的原因，有些人平时不注意肛门卫生，致使粪便滞留在肛门隐窝部位，久而久之就会形成肛周脓肿，这时候患者如果没有加以重视，及时治疗的话，肛周脓肿就容易溃破，导致细菌感染，引发肛瘘。
\n肛瘘怎么回事？通过上面的介绍，相信大家应该都了解了肛瘘的主要原因了吧。肛瘘对患者的正常生活来说影响是很大的，如果不能及时的治疗很有可能会引起一些并发症，所以大家在发现了疾病之后一定要及时的治疗，避免不良后果的发生。
\n肛瘘不是什么特别严重的疾病，我们不要想象的那么恐怖，自己吓自己。在肛瘘早期我们要选择比较普通的治疗方法，要是效果不是很明显再去选择一些高科技一点的治疗方法。肛瘘是常见的肛肠疾病。在生活中，一旦出现相应的症状，要及早治疗，以免延误病情，增加痛苦。
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肛瘘是一种较为常见的肛肠疾病，肛瘘可发生于任何一个年龄段，肛瘘主要是指肛管直肠收到侵犯所导致的一种疾病，所以被称作为肛瘘，所以肛瘘的发生对人们的伤害是非常大的，那么肛瘘的早期症状有哪些呢，下面我就给大家介绍一下这方面的内容：
\n大部分肛瘘由直肠肛管周围脓肿引起，因此内口多在齿状线上肛窦处，脓肿自行破溃或切开引流处形成外口，位于肛周皮肤上。由于外口生长较快，脓肿常假性愈合，导致脓肿反复发作破溃或切开，形成多个瘘管和外口，使单纯性肛瘘成为复杂性肛瘘。瘘管由反应性的致密纤维组织包绕，近管腔处为炎性肉芽组织，后期腔内可上皮化。
\n肛瘘的早期症状有什么呢?肛瘘多为一般化脓性感染所致，少数为结核性感染。其他特异性感染如溃疡性结肠炎、Crohn病等特异性炎症、恶性肿瘤、肛管外伤感染也可引起肛瘘，但较为少见。
\n1、疼痛：瘘管通畅无炎症时，一般无疼痛，只有肛门局部略有肿胀感，行走时可加重，若外口封闭，瘘管存积脓液，或粪便进入瘘管，则会疼痛加重或排粪时疼痛加重，而内盲瘘则常感直肠下部和肛门部灼热不适，排粪时疼痛加重。
\n2、瘙痒：肛门部皮肤由于脓液及其他排出物刺激，常感觉皮肤瘙痒。
\n3、排便不畅：多见于蹄铁形肛瘘，因瘘管围绕肛管，形成半环状纤维索环，因而影响肛门舒张，可出现排便不畅。
\n4、排脓：排脓是其主要症状。一般来说，新生成的瘘管排脓较多，脓汁粘稠，黄色、味臭;瘘管日久的排脓相对较少，或时有时无，稀淡如水;若脓量增加，则表示新瘘管生成。瘘管有时会暂时封闭，不排脓液，从而出现局部肿痛，体温上升，以后封闭的瘘口破溃，又排出脓液，也可从瘘口排出气体或粪便。
\n5、硬结或瘢痕：由于瘘管壁及瘘口的反复刺激，使纤维组织增生，在管壁和瘘口形成质韧的结缔组织，常表现为瘘管周围皮肤变色，表皮脱落，凹陷变形，触及条索状硬结通向肛门内。
\n6、全身症状：多数无全身症状;当肛瘘侵犯范围较大较深或支管较多时，反复炎症感染，会导致消瘦、贫血、便秘、排便困难等全身症状。
\n","barId":"1675","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1016","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1332,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486655518827,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486655518826,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"3359","isDel":0,"createAt":1486655494272,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"得了肛瘘应该如何治疗呢","content":"
说起肛瘘大家了解的可能不是很多，肛瘘在医学上也叫作肛门职场瘘，这种疾病主要发生在肛门直肠周围的脓肿发生了破溃所引发的一种后遗症。肛瘘的发生给人们的身体带来了很大的伤害，所以一定要重视，积极的治疗，那么得了肛瘘应该如何治疗呢，下面我就给大家介绍一下这方面的内容：
\n1.药物治疗
\n肛瘘有间歇期和发作期。间歇期会完全没有症状，这时可以不用药。发作期出现流脓、红肿、疼痛等症状，如果不能马上手术，也可以采取药物治疗暂时缓解症状。
\n(1)外治 用消肿止痛洗剂坐浴，外涂金黄膏。
\n(2)使用抗生素 急性发作期可以使用抗生素，但一般不要超过一周。
\n(3)中药内服 用萆薢渗湿汤加化毒除湿汤加减，伴发热用仙方活命饮。
\n2.手术治疗
\n(1)切开引流 肛瘘发作期合并感染，此时因身体其他因素不能手术，可以在感染灶表面切小口引流或注射器抽脓处理。这种方法效果立竿见影，但只是暂时缓解，日后还需再行根治手术。
\n(2)置管或挂线引流 对高位瘘或多瘘管的复杂瘘，没有把握手术，但为了防止病情加重或蔓延，可以在瘘管内放置引流管或引流条，每天药物冲洗，虽不能根治，但可以控制病情。
\n(3)肛瘘切开术 肛瘘最经典与最主流术式，90%以上低位肛瘘的治疗采用此方法。
\n(4)瘘管剔除术 对瘘管完全粘连、较细的低位肛瘘，探针无法探入，可以采用剔除术。
\n(5)主灶切开支管旷置术 适用于各种复杂性肛瘘。操作时首先要对主灶进行定位，及内口和肛管处的瘘管，这部分采取直接切开。对外口行扩创。打通外口与主灶间的瘘管，并放置引流条或引流管。术后7～10天左右拆除。
\n(6)挂线术 适用于高位肛瘘。挂线术是目前国内外治疗高位肛瘘的最主要方法。以线代刀行慢切割，在切断肛瘘管壁的同时，造成断端的炎症粘连，防止回缩，可以适当起到保护肛门功能的作用。但缺点是，疼痛明显，尤其是还需要二次紧线，疗程相对较长。
\n(7)双向等压引流术 适用于高位肛瘘和复杂性肛瘘。采取半切割挂线，可有效保护肛管的核心结构“肛直环”术中不被完全切断，在保证疗效的前提下，有效保护了肛门功能不受破坏。
\n(8)瘘管填塞术 考虑到切开和剔除术都会断开瘘管经过的肛门括约肌，国内外尝试采取一些特殊材料来填塞瘘管，可以不伤及肛门肌肉而治愈肛瘘。这些材料包括纤维蛋白胶、用冻干猪小肠黏膜下层脱细胞基质制作的生物修复栓等。本方法应用条件非常苛刻，瘘管完整、畅通，内外口清晰的低位瘘。术后填塞剂流出或出现感染，治疗将失败。目前尚不能作为一种替代疗法在临床广泛应用。
\n","barId":"1675","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1017","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1296,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486655494274,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486655494272,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"3178","isDel":0,"createAt":1486655473176,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"生活当中如何有效的护理肛瘘","content":"
任何的疾病患者除了及时治疗外也不要忽略了平时的护理工作，肛瘘在我们在生活中是非常多见的，对患者带来的伤害也非常大，在我们身边有非常多的人会因为肛瘘这种疾病非常痛苦真，因为很多的患者不能坐着，而且还会面临很多的尴尬问题，会导致肛门潮湿肛门瘙痒，平时大家需要注意一些调理方法，有效地进行保健，避免造成瘙痒，那么专家告诉我们日常生活当中应该如何有效的护理肛瘘？
\n1、注意事项：如患者对一种卫生巾过敏，引起局部皮肤不适的应立即更换不同的产品使用，过敏严重者应立即停止使用，并作好局部皮肤的护理。卫生巾日间使用4小时需更换，夜间不能超过8小时，分泌物过多时应及时更换。
\n2、操作方法：用温水进行会阴冲洗或坐浴，将会阴部擦干，使肛门部位干燥清洁。将卫生巾撕去中央贴纸后，正面向上粘贴于内裤上，以穿好内裤后卫生巾中央部分对准肛门为标准。此操作为清洁操作，更换卫生巾前后注意洗手。
\n3、心理护理：成年女性患者由于生理上的特殊性，一般都使用过卫生巾，心理护理无需特别强调。主要针对于男性患者。应用心理护理学的方法与患者交流沟通，建立良好的护患关系。护理者要主动去满足患者的心理需求，帮助患者适应和建立对使用卫生巾的正常反应性，解决患者的心理困惑，让患者理解使用卫生巾的主要目的和优点，消除抵触情绪，提高护理质量。为了减少尴尬还可以请患者的女性家属或陪伴代替护理人员做具体指导。
\n4、健康教育：向患者介绍此项操作的目的和优点，取得患者的理解和配合。指导患者选择合格的卫生巾产品，最好使用同一牌子的产品，选用棉质面的卫生巾，减少卫生巾与局部皮肤的摩擦，减少不适感。
\n以上为大家介绍了有效的护理肛瘘的一些方法，平时大家需要注意肛瘘这种疾病的出现，而且要注意肛门部位的处理方法，可以使用1:5000的高锰酸钾进行坐浴有效的清洗肛门这样才能避免造成瘙痒，而且，要注意合理的进行护理升级，可以进行手术治疗，但是日常生活当中需要注意合理进食避免疾病再次复发。
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肛瘘的发病率很高，在平时的生活中也让患者非常痛苦，所以大家要做好预防工作，预防肛瘘的方法包括平时要注意饮食卫生，不吃变味发馊的饭菜。注意瓜果冷饮卫生，注意生冷熟食不在同一切菜板上切用，以防止肠炎的发生。做好肛瘘病的预防工作如何做?
\n对于从事久坐久站职业的人，要经常变换体位，抽空活动活动下肢、腰部，尽量抬高下肢，以促进血液回流。对于经常出差者，宜尽可能保证生活规律，定时进餐，定时大便，保证睡眠，保证多饮水，多食蔬菜水果，在家休息娱乐时，切忌通宵玩。
\n肛瘘的预防要从以下几点着手：
\n1、饮食要干净，如果饮食不洁就会导致腹泻的发生，很容易造成造成肛门腺感染，诱发肛瘘。
\n2、良好的排便习惯、防止大便干结，损伤肛管皮肤，造成感染。
\n3、注意肛门卫生，在排便过后可用温水清洗，保持肛门清洁。
\n4、及时治疗可能导致肛瘘的疾病，比如肛裂、肛周脓肿等。
\n5、对于油腻饮食，不宜多吃，应多吃清淡含丰富维生素的食物。如绿豆、萝卜、冬瓜等新鲜蔬菜、水果。
\n6、感到全身不适时，要及时去医院查清原因，及时治疗。
\n7、排便时不要看书看报，这样会增加排便时间，导致肛瘘的发生。
\n8、生活要有规律，做到早睡早起、劳逸结合、经常运动，不要长期熬夜。
\n预防肛瘘的方法包括平时要注意饮食卫生，不吃变味发馊的饭菜。注意瓜果冷饮卫生，注意生冷熟食不在同一切菜板上切用，以防止肠炎的发生。
\n另外，经常参加体育锻炼，经常进行体操、游泳、跑步、跳舞等运动，对全身的血液循环、肌肉的功能加强有明显的促进作用。体质加强了，机体的抗病能力提高了，就能有效地防止肛瘘的发生。
\n做好肛瘘病的预防工作如何做?从饮食起居上来说，宜食清淡、富含纤维素之品，忌饮酒成性和嗜食辛温炙烤油炸之品，并注意饮食定时定量。养成良好的生活习惯，保持生活规律，养成晨起定时排便的习惯。
\n","barId":"1675","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1023","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1283,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486655448770,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486655448768,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"2335","isDel":0,"createAt":1486655376668,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"肛裂在生活中该如何做护理","content":"
肛裂的出现给患者带来了严重的痛苦，所以每个患者首先要做的就是摆脱这个病，所以肛裂患者在治疗疾病后，要学会后期的护理工作。近日有网上传言说，对于肛裂患者在后期多吃一些大补的东西对于疾病也是有好处。专家指出，肛裂患者在进行了手术后适当的吃一些补品是没有错的，但是如果过于滋补对身体也是没有多大的好处的，另外对于肛裂的护理，专门有一套方法的，下面请看文章的介绍。
\n肛裂发生以后让患者们感受到了痛不欲生的疼痛，需要积极的进行治疗，而且为了防止疾病的复发，我们还需要做好疾病的后期护理工作，肛裂病人的调养首先是保持大便通畅和柔软。大便应1～2日1次，若4～5日1次者，由于粪便在结肠、直肠内停留时间较长，水分被重吸收，容易干燥秘结。
\n肛裂患者如何护理
\n肛裂病人在接受治疗以后，在后期的保健护理调养工作中，想要尽早的恢复身体的健康，还需要应该养成晨起定时排便的习惯，因为早晨起床后的直立反射和胃结肠反射，可促进排便。便后用温水熏洗坐浴或用祛毒汤、止痛如神汤熏洗，使肛裂创面保持清洁，这是防治肛裂的重要措施。熏洗时要把肛门浸入药液中，才能洗净肛门污物，使药物进入肛管，起到消炎、止痛，促进裂口愈合的作用。
\n肛裂患者绝大多数都伴有习惯性便秘，为使粪便变稀，经常服用果导，大黄等泻药，这些泻药都有泻后引起便秘的副作用，以致肛裂越来越重。
\n防治便秘不能依靠泻药，要以合理调配饮食为主，饮食要多样化，杂食五谷粗粮、果肉蔬菜，尤其要多食含有丰富纤维素和维生素的食物。
\n肛裂病人应养成晨起定时排便的习惯，因为早晨起床后的直立反射和胃结肠反射。便后用温水熏洗坐浴或用祛毒汤、止痛如神汤熏洗，使肛裂创面保持清洁，便血的原因有哪些这是防治肛裂的重要措施。熏洗时要把肛门浸入药液中，才能洗净肛门污物，使药物进入肛管，起到消炎、止痛，促进裂口愈合的作用。
\n肛裂的治疗一定要早期及时，新鲜肛裂一般经内服中药，外用中药祛毒汤等药物熏洗，肛门局部敷药等治疗后，多数能在1周至2周内愈合。陈旧性肛裂需施以手术，才能根治。因此，一旦发现患有肛裂，应尽早治疗。
\n","barId":"1675","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1022","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1218,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486655376670,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486655376668,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"2154","isDel":0,"createAt":1486655355149,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"肛裂出血怎么回事","content":"
生活中有很多的人会出现肛裂这种疾病，严重的影响到了患者的身心健康，给患者的生活造成了很多的麻烦和不便，大家应该对这种疾病引起重视，平时也要注意生活中的一些调理方法，合理的饮食，那么，肛裂出血怎么回事呢、怎么预防呢。
\n1、注意合理调配饮食：食不可过精，要粗细粮搭配，蔬菜等富含纤维的食物尽量多摄入，可使大便保持正常。要少喝酒，不吃辛辣刺激食物。
\n2、养成每天定时排便的习惯：保持大便通畅，要发现大便燥结时，切忌努责排便，积极防治便秘。
\n3、及时治疗肛隐窝炎症：以防止感染后形成溃疡和皮下瘘。及时治疗引起肛裂的各种疾病，如溃疡性结肠炎等病症，防止肛裂发生。
\n4、凡有肛周湿疹、皮炎、瘙痒等病要积极治疗：防止肛周皮肤硬化，弹性减弱而撕裂肛管皮肤。对有肛管皮肤损伤者，应积极治疗，防止因感染而形成溃疡。对患有肛隐窝炎和肛乳头炎者，要尽早治愈，防止诱发肛裂。
\n5、做肛门直肠指诊时，忌粗暴用力，以免损伤肛管：用肛门窥器作检查时，切忌使用窥器粗暴操作，损伤肛管。
\n肛裂的症状
\n1.肛门瘙痒：由于裂口溃疡面或皮下瘘管的分泌物，或肛门腺体流出的分泌物，刺激肛缘皮肤引起肛门湿疹和肛门搔痒。自觉肛门常潮湿不爽，并可使皮肤伴有表浅裂口或皮损。
\n2.全身症状：剧烈的疼痛可加重患者精神负担，并影响休息，引起神经衰弱。有的病人会因恐惧排便，有意减少进食量，久而久之，可引起轻度贫血和营养不良。妇女可出现月经不调，腰、骶部疼痛。肛裂感染期可有发热、肿痛和流脓血等。
\n3.疼痛：疼痛是初期肛裂的症状，其主要表现为疼痛剧烈，持续性剧疼，可持续加剧，数小时后可自动缓解。排便时出现此疼痛症状，其他如下蹲、坐行。
\n4.出血：排粪时，损伤创面，可致裂口出血。一般出血不多，粪便上染有血丝，或便后鲜血点滴，手纸带血。
\n5.便秘：多因患者恐惧排便时的剧痛，有意推迟排便时间和次数，使粪便在直肠内停留时间延长，水分被完全吸收，大便变得干硬，而此时排便，则会使裂口创伤加重，裂口加深，疼痛加重。如此往复，形成恶性循环。为此许多患者服用缓泻剂，致肛管缺乏正常粪便的扩张，肛管狭窄，并形成药物依赖性顽固性便秘。
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肛裂的发生给人们的工作跟生活带来很大的伤害，而且有很多人会把肛裂跟痔疮等其他肛肠疾病所混淆。也有人已经得了肛裂，但是有些朋友会说自己平时在饮食上也特别注意，除了饮食上的调理，我们还有哪些预防小窍门呢，下面我就给大家介绍一下这方面的内容：
\n1、合理调配饮食。既可以增加食欲，纠正便秘改善胃肠功能，也可以养成定时排便的习惯。日常饮食中可多选用蔬菜、水果、豆类等含维生素和纤维素较多的饮食，少含辛辣刺激性的食物，如辣椒、芥末、姜等。
\n2、每日早晨空腹时喝1杯凉开水，临睡前喝1杯淡盐开水，对预防便秘有一定效果。
\n3、晨起参加多种体育活动。如跑步、做操、打太极拳等都可以预防便秘。当有便意时不要忍着不去大便，因为久忍大便可以引起习惯性便秘。排便时蹲厕时间过长，或看报纸、或过分用力，这些都是不良的排便习惯，应予纠正。
\n4、睡前也可服蜂蜜等促进排便，减少肛裂的发生。
\n5、早期较浅的新鲜肛裂，可服缓泻药，如液状石蜡，每晚20毫升。或内服成药麻仁软胶囊、滋脾丸等，使大便软化。
\n6、肛肠治疗专家讲，热水坐浴此法，可改善局部血液循环，松解肛门括约肌和保持局部清洁，方法是在较深的盆具内放进40 ℃的温开水或1:5000的高锰酸钾溶液，在盆内热水坐浴，约15～20分钟。早晚进行，对肛裂预防有良好的效果。
\n7、养成定时排便的习惯。健康人直肠内通常没有粪便，随晨起起床引起的直立反射，早餐引起的胃、结肠反射，结肠可产生强烈的“集团蠕动”，将粪便推入直肠，直肠内粪便蓄积到一定量，便产生便意。所以最好能养成每天早晨定时排便的习惯很重要。
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肛裂是肛肠科的一种特别常见疾病，在中医方面把肛裂又称为沟肠痔。得了肛裂之后比较常见的一种症状就是便秘，所以很多人发生了肛裂还以为自己只是便秘了，就会认为肛裂的危害不是很大。其实肛裂如果不及时治疗的话还会引起其他的并发症，那么除了正规的治疗之外，还有哪些民间治疗偏方呢，下面我就给大家介绍一下这方面的内容：
\n1、鲜猪胆汁100毫升，白芨15克，五味子8克，黄柏5克，冰片1克。用法：药研细末放胆汁内浸泡6小时，文火煎10分钟，滤渣取液，用纱布蘸药液涂敷创面。日2次，敷药3-4天可愈。
\n2、荆芥30克，莲房30克，桑寄生30克，朴硝30克，鳖甲24克，五倍子4克加水适量。急火水煎20分钟后倒入一个干净的盆中，患者坐于盆上先熏后坐浴10至15分钟(注意掌握好水温，防止烫伤)。每日一次治疗肛裂。
\n3、葱须7根(陈年的最好)，花椒一小把，盐一勺。用凉水1500毫升左右浸泡2小时后急火煎煮开后倒入一个干净的盆中，患者坐于盆上先熏后坐浴10至15分钟(注意掌握好水温，防止烫伤)。每日一次。
\n4、双花20克，苦参30克，蛇床子30克，黄柏30克，地肤子20克，赤芍15克加水适量。急火水煎20分钟后倒入一个干净的盆中，患者坐于盆上先熏后坐浴10至15分钟(注意掌握好水温，防止烫伤)。每日一次。用于肛裂伴有肛门瘙痒者。
\n5、乳香15克，没药15克，红花15克，桃红15克，茉莉花茶叶15克，丝瓜络15克，椿树皮15克加水适量。急火水煎20分钟后倒入一个干净的盆中，患者坐于盆上先熏后坐浴10至15分钟。每日一次。
\n6、鸡蛋3只，将蛋煮熟，剥壳除蛋白，放锅内炒黑，熬油。用棉签蘸蛋黄油少许，涂敷肛裂处。日2次疗效：敷药3-8天，肛裂治愈率达100%。
\n7、将马铃薯洗净，在搅肉机上挤汁，用纱布过滤，每日早饭及午饭前空腹各饮半杯。此法除治疗肛裂外，对胃及十二指肠溃疡、胆囊炎、痔疮也有一定疗效。
\n","barId":"1675","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1017","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1170,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486655298784,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486655298783,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"1327","isDel":0,"createAt":1486655261447,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"肛裂的症状有什么表现呢","content":"
患者有的时候由于不了解疾病本身的症状所以即使是患病以后也不知道自己已经生病了，所以对于肛裂我们应该对其的症状表现有一定的了解，这样就能够在疾病发生的时候第一时间发现病情，那么肛裂的症状有什么具体表现?得了肛裂疾病的朋友们，这个话题对于你们来说，都是平时在关注的重点话题吧?是的，得了肛裂疾病，大家都想要及时弄清楚肛裂的症状表现，这样才能够确诊病情。为了帮助有需要的患者们，我们请来了我们的在线医学专家，为大家解决这个千古难题。
\n1.疼痛、便秘、出血。
\n通常患者在起病以后就会明显的出现肛门疼痛，大便不畅和便血的症状，这是典型的肛裂起病征兆。患者在排便时干硬粪便直接挤擦溃疡面和撑开裂口，造成剧烈疼痛，粪便排出后疼痛短暂缓解，经数分钟后由于括约肌反射性痉挛，引起较长时间的强烈疼痛，有的需用止痛剂方可缓解。因此肛裂患者恐惧排便，使便秘更加重，形成恶性循环。
\n2.创面裂开，在粪便表面有血，便后滴血。
\n这也是肛裂患者的主要临床症状，通过常规检查可以发现患者之所以出现这个症状是因为肛门里已经溃疡了。检查时用双手拇指轻轻分开肛门口，即见溃疡面，新发生的肛裂边缘整齐、软、溃疡底浅，无疤痕组织，色红、易出血。慢性肛裂深而硬，灰白色，不易出血。裂口下方为“前哨痔”。肛指和肛镜检查会引起病人剧烈疼痛，不宜进行。
\n我们现在对肛裂的症状有了一定的了解了以后，当我们出现上述的一些症状表现的时候应该要及早的重视起来，不要错过了治疗的最佳时机，希望您能够总结经验教训，争取早日得到科学的解答，平时也一定要注意身体状况，坚持做好肛裂的治疗和保健!
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肛裂是是我们日常生活中比较常见的疾病，它主要发生在齿线以下的肛管皮肤中，由于某些原因导致此处的皮肤出现裂口或发生溃疡。肛裂令人排便发生困难，同时感到疼痛不已。那么如何知道自己发生了肛裂呢？下面小编就为大家讲解自测肛裂的方法。
\n肛裂的自测方法
\n要知道自己是否发生了肛裂，首先要检查自己是否有肛门疼痛的现象。如果平时会是不是感觉肛门有瘙痒、疼痛的感觉，排便时疼痛症状会加剧。肛裂患者在排出硬而干的粪便时，会感觉肛门处有撕裂感，直到粪便完全排除之后疼痛才会缓解。但是几分钟之后疼痛恢复并且会持续一段时间。如果你有以上症状，很可能患上了肛裂。
\n患上了肛裂，患者除了疼痛感之外，要知道自己是否肛裂，还应观察自己的粪便。当患者肛裂发生时，患者会发生便血的情况，血液一般呈鲜红色，若血液会暗红色，则可能为肠癌。但是，肛裂出血的症状与痔疮十分相似，所以有的人会把二者混淆，拖延病情。肛裂患者在排便时出血量较少，出血时伴有疼痛；而痔疮的出血量明显比肛裂要多，一般会超过十滴，出血时不会伴有疼痛感。
\n以上就是肛裂的自测方法，如果发生以上症状，基本可以确定为肛裂，但是最好不要自行到药店买药治疗。最好的方法还是到医院请医生确诊，并查明有无感染情况，肛裂的严重程度等等，通过医生的诊断再进行治疗。
\n肛裂是是我们日常生活中比较常见的疾病，便秘的患者是肛裂的高发人群，因为大便性状干而饮，大便排出时会导致肛裂，而肛裂患者由于恐惧排便，又会避免排便，使粪便更加干结，形成恶性循环。所以便秘的问题要及时解决，以免引发肛裂。
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肾脏损伤是常见内脏损伤的一种，但也是健康隐患较大的一种。 肾脏损伤约占所有泌尿生殖道损伤的65%左右，相信很多人对此并不陌生，也有很多朋友遇到此类情况不知道该怎么办，该如何处理，下面就是我收集的一些关于肾脏损伤的有效治疗方法，希望对大家有所帮助。
\n非手术治
\n适于肾挫伤或轻度撕裂伤。包括绝对卧床休息、抗感染、应用止血药物等。严格限制活动至少2周，保持大使通畅，预防呼吸道感染，避免腹压突然增高导致继发性出血。
\n一般治疗包括：
\n①绝对卧床休息卧床休息的时间因肾脏损伤的程度而异，肾脏裂伤应卧床休息4～6周，2～3个月不宜参加体力劳动和竞技运动。
\n②止血、镇静：应立即给予有效的止血药物，以减少继续出血的可能，由于肾损伤出血引起肾周血肿肾纤维膜及肾周筋膜受牵拉而出现腰部胀痛或出血进入集合系统，血凝块引起输尿管梗阻，出现肾绞痛。故肾损伤患者多有明显的疼痛表现，而疼痛又会引起患者烦躁、不安活动，进而加重肾脏出血。因此应给予必要的镇静处理。
\n③感染的防治及补液：应给予广谱抗生素，预防感染，防止血肿感染形成脓肿，并注意补入足够的能量、血容量维持水、电解质平衡，及时补充机体在非常态下的代谢需要。
\n④保持两便通畅严重肾损伤患者应立即给予保留导尿一方面有利于观察尿液颜色变化，另一方面能防止患者排尿时加重肾脏损伤。必要时给予缓泻剂帮助患者通便。防止用力排便增加腹压引起继发性出血可能。
\n手术治疗
\n2、手术方式：
\n先控制肾蒂，制止出血，清除肾周围血肿及尿外渗后再探查处理肾脏。
\n①肾脏裂伤修补术：肾脏裂伤范围较局限，整个肾脏血运无障碍者予以修补。
\n②肾脏部分切除术：肾的一极严重损伤，其余肾组织无损伤或虽有裂伤但可以修补者。
\n③肾血管修补或肾血管重建术：肾蒂血管撕裂、断裂、血栓形成者。
\n④肾切除术：肾脏严重碎裂伤无法修补者，严重肾蒂伤血管无法修补或重建者；肾损伤后肾内血管已广泛血栓形成者；肾脏创伤后感染、坏死及继发性大出血者。注意在伤肾切除前，必须明确对侧肾脏功能良好，方可进行切除。
\n综上，肾脏的治疗方法分为手术治疗与非手术治疗。当然，我们都希望是不动手术是最好，但是因为肾脏关乎内脏功能的正常运行。所以还希望大家根据自己的实际情况，所需要手术的请在医生的指导下选择手术。若是症状轻微，那么非手术治疗当然是最好的。
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现在人们的生活越来越好了，但生活中却出现了不少疾病，内脏损伤对于患者来说影响非常大，而且使患者承受了很大的痛苦，所以尽早了解这个病对于治疗起到了很好作用。气管内脏损伤最常见的就是气管已经受到伤害了，而且气管内脏损伤的症状是很多的，很多气管内脏损伤患者因为不了解自己的气管内脏损伤症状所以导致后期治疗的难度，那么、气管内脏损伤的临床表现有什么呢?我们一起来了解下。
\n气管内脏损伤的临床表现
\n因损伤的程度和范围不同，其证候不一。
\n一、轻症：多系单纯伤及气管所致。咳嗽、胸痛、气急，咳吐带血丝的痰液等。亦可因刺伤喉腔，出现憋气，声音嘶哑、皮下气肿等症。
\n二、重症：严重伤及气管和周围的血管、神经等组织。涌吐血痰，剧烈咳嗽，呼吸困难，面色苍白，肢冷汗出，全身痉挛，意识不清。如不及时抢救，甚至窒息死亡。
\n轻度损伤：一般不须特殊处理，可给予适量镇痉止咳药物，配用抗生素以防感染。如出血较多者，辅以止血剂。损伤较重或多处刺伤，特别是伴有周围血管、神经或肺组织损伤，出现呼吸困难及各种并发症时，宜急速转外科处理。对其中呼吸严重困难及分泌物无法排除者，更要考虑作气管切开术。
\n以上气管内脏损伤的临床表现的相关讲解就为患者介绍到这了，关于气管内脏损伤的症状患者一定要清楚，对于气管内脏损伤患者一定要了解的更多，及时治疗了，也要做好术后注意事项。提醒患者一旦查出此病时应该及时治疗，避免造成更加严重的后果。
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大家好，在我们身体里面有很多常见的内脏，在平时的生活中我们要好好的照顾他们，如果要是他们其中的一个受到严重的伤害的话，会对我们的身体造成严重的后果，所以要引起我们的高度重视下面我给大家介绍一下内脏损伤常见部位有哪些？
\n 气管损伤
气管的解剖位置较特殊，针灸不易造成损伤。气管由软骨、平滑肌纤维和结缔组织所组成，即使刺中，一般也不致引起严重后果。但是，操作不当，亦可误伤。特别是如同时伤及周围的血管、神经等，则可极大地抑制呼吸功能，甚至造成窒息死亡。
气胸
针刺不当所致的气胸，是最常见的针刺意外之一，在物理性损伤中，它的发生率占首位。
心脏损伤
内脏损伤中，针刺损及心脏是后果最为严重的一种。
胃部损伤
胃属于腹部的空腔器管。一般而言，腹部脏器，特别如胃肠招致针刺损伤的机会要少一些。
肝脏损伤
关于针刺不当损伤肝脏，早就有“刺中肝，五日死，其动为语”之说。现代临床上，以同时刺伤肝脏和其它内脏的报道较多，单纯伤及肝脏的事故少见。
胆囊穿孔
针刺不当，伤及胆腑的文献记载亦首见于《黄帝内经》，指出：“刺中胆，一日半死，其动为呕。
脾脏损伤
脾脏是腹部内脏中最易受损伤的器官。
肠道穿孔
关于针灸损及肠道的事故，在古籍中虽然记载不多，但现代发生的并不少见。
肾脏损伤
针刺过误，伤及肾脏，《内经》中亦已提及。
所以，在平时的生活当中我们要注意保护保护好自己，都说身体是跟命的本钱，我们更要爱惜自己的身体，也是为自己的家人负责也让他们少一分牵挂。
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现在人们最关心的就是健康的问题，为了能有一个健康的身体，所以平时的预防工作是必须要了解的。气管内脏损伤这种疾病很多时候对患者的气管是有所危害的，很大程度上一旦发生，让患者都不知所措，对于内脏损伤疾病，气管内脏损伤患者做好预防是很重要的，下面我们就来看下气管内脏损伤预防方法有哪些?希望气管内脏损伤患者做好自身疾病的预防。
\n气管内脏损伤的预防方法
\n一、选穴：天突穴穴位标志较明确，但须定准，否则将影响操作。其次，对不合作者(如婴儿、畏针者及精神病患者等)，或咳嗽，特别是阵发性剧咳者，应暂缓选天突等穴，可改选附近的璇玑、膻中诸穴，或背部腧穴及远道取穴等。
\n二、操作：据作者和多数医家经验，天突穴进针以弯刺法较为安全，其方法为：先与水平成15°交角平刺，破皮后缓缓送针，至针尖如觉抵触硬物，即为气管。略退0.1～0.2寸，改向下横刺，在胸骨柄后缘和气管前缘之间，慢慢进针。为把握进针方向，可用押手(左手)扶住针体，约刺入1～1.5寸，如得气感不明显，可作小幅度提插捻转，动作宜轻柔，直至有满意针感。如送针过程中，针尖触有坚韧感的组织，且患者感到疼痛;或者留针时，针尾出现有节奏的搏动，都表明已碰到血管，宜将针略略外退至上述现象消失。
\n以上 气管内脏损伤的预防方法的讲解就为患者介绍到这了，气管内脏损伤患者千万别以为自己的疾病是不治之症，要谨慎对待气管内脏损伤疾病，对于气管内脏损伤，大家千万不要放弃治疗。
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虽然说没有了阑尾对我们的身体是没有多大的坏处的，但是如果阑尾要是发炎了以后也是会给我们带来很大的危害的，生活中阑尾炎是一种十分常见的疾病，阑尾炎的出现会给患者的生活带来很大的伤害，很多人都听说过此病，但不是每个人都很了解，生活中引起阑尾炎的原因也是很多的，那么会有哪些原因阑尾炎呢，我们一起来看下面的介绍。
\n阑尾炎是由什么原因引起的
\n阑尾一端与盲肠相通，长约6～8cm，管腔狭小，仅0.5cm左右。阑尾壁有丰富的淋巴组织，这就构成阑尾极易发炎的解剖基础。这种解剖特点，也容易使阑尾发生梗阻，约70%的病人可发现阑尾腔有不同原因的梗阻，诸如粪块、粪石(即长时间停留的粪块与阑尾分泌物混合凝聚，并可有钙质等矿物质沉积而成)、食物残块、阑尾本身扭曲及寄生虫(如蛔虫和蛲虫)等都可造成阑尾梗阻。急性阑尾炎的炎症消退后，可以在阑尾形成瘢痕性狭窄，容易导致炎症反复发作。由于阑尾壁存在丰富的淋巴组织，炎性反应严重，更促使梗阻的发生。阑尾腔内平时有大量肠道细菌存在，当有梗阻时，梗阻远端的腔内压力升高，阑尾壁的血循环受到影响，粘膜的损害为细菌侵入造成条件，有时阑尾腔内的粪块、食物残块、寄生虫、异物等虽然并未造成梗阻，但能使阑尾粘膜受到机械性损伤，也便于细菌侵入。此外胃肠道功能紊乱也可使阑尾壁内的肌肉发生痉挛，影响阑尾的排空甚至影响阑尾壁的血循环，也是发炎的原因。细菌可经血循环侵入阑尾引起发炎，属于血源性感染。
\n1、小儿急性阑尾炎:小儿急性阑尾炎发展快，病情重，穿孔率高，并发症多。一岁以内婴儿的急性阑尾炎几乎100%发生穿孔，两岁以内为70%-80%，五岁时为50%。小儿急性阑尾炎死亡率为2%—3%，较成年人高10倍。而且，小儿检查时常不合作，腹部是否有压痛的范围，程度都不易确定。确诊后应立即手术切除阑尾，加强术前准备和术后的综合治疗，以减少并发症。
\n2、老年急性阑尾炎 :随着我国人口的老龄化，60岁以上老年人急性阑尾炎的发病数有所增加。老年人常患有各种主要脏器疾病如冠心病等，急性阑尾炎的死亡率较高，而且随年龄的增高而增高。老年人抵抗力低，阑尾壁薄，血管硬化，大约1/3的病人就诊时阑尾已穿孔。另外，老年人反应能力低，腹部压痛不明显，临床表现不典型，由于腹肌已萎缩，即使阑尾炎已穿孔，腹部压痛也不明显，很容易误诊。
\n3、妊娠期急性阑尾炎:由于孕妇生理方面的变化，一旦发生阑尾炎，其危险性较一般成人大。据统计，妊娠期急性阑尾炎的死亡率为2%，比一般人高10倍，胎儿的死亡率约为20%。
\n妊娠期急性阑尾炎的治疗，原则上首先应从孕妇安全出发，妊娠三个月内发病者，治疗原则与非妊娠期患者相同，急诊切除阑尾最佳;妊娠中期的急性阑尾炎，症状严重者仍以手术治疗为好;妊娠晚期阑尾炎，约50%孕妇可能早产，胎儿的死亡率较高，手术时应尽量减少对子宫的刺激。
\n不同人群的阑尾炎有着不同的发病原因，我们应该要根据自己的实际情况做好相关的预防工作，阑尾炎疾病的伤害是极大的，朋友们一定要多去了解有关阑尾炎的知识，一定要把此病重视起来，因为阑尾炎的出现可能会危及到患者的生命，把阑尾炎的发病原因了解透彻，才能有效的去预防阑尾炎的出现。
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阑尾炎这样的疾病发生之后会导致患者有严重的腹痛，这样的疾病发生之后给我们患者带来太多的影响，我们只有及早做好治疗才能够减少一些危害发生，下面我们就来了解一下阑尾炎疾病的症状表现有什么。
\n1.急性阑尾炎
\n(1)腹痛典型的急性阑尾炎初期有中上腹或脐周疼痛，数小时后腹痛转移并固定于右下腹。当炎症波及浆膜层和壁腹膜时，疼痛即固定于右下腹，原中上腹或脐周痛即减轻或消失。因此，无典型的转移性右下腹疼痛史并不能除外急性阑尾炎。
\n单纯性阑尾炎常呈阵发性或持续性胀痛和钝痛，持续性剧痛往往提示为化脓性或坏疽性阑尾炎。持续剧痛波及中下腹或两侧下腹，常为阑尾坏疽穿孔的征象。
\n(2)胃肠道症状单纯性阑尾炎的胃肠道症状并不突出。在早期可能由于反射性胃痉挛而有恶心、呕吐。盆腔位阑尾炎或阑尾坏疽穿孔可有排便次数增多。
\n(3)发热一般只有低热，无寒战，化脓性阑尾炎一般亦不超过38℃。高热多见于阑尾坏疽、穿孔或已并发腹膜炎。
\n(4)压痛和反跳痛腹部压痛是壁腹膜受炎症刺激的表现。阑尾压痛点通常位于麦氏点，即右髂前上棘与脐连线的中、外1/3交界处。反跳痛也称Blumberg征。在肥胖或盲肠后位阑尾炎的患者，压痛可能较轻，但有明显的反跳痛。
\n(5)腹肌紧张阑尾化脓即有此体征，坏疽穿孔并发腹膜炎时腹肌紧张尤为显著。但老年或肥胖患者腹肌较弱，须同时检查对侧腹肌进行对比。
\n(6)皮肤感觉过敏在早期，尤其在阑尾腔有梗阻时，可出现右下腹皮肤感觉过敏现象，范围相当于第10～12胸髓节段神经支配区，位于右髂嵴最高点、右耻骨嵴及脐构成的三角区，也称Sherren三角，它并不因阑尾位置不同而改变，如阑尾坏疽穿孔则在此三角区的皮肤感觉过敏现象即消失。
\n2.慢性阑尾炎
\n(1)腹痛右下腹部疼痛，其特点是间断性隐痛或胀痛，时重时轻，部位比较固定。多数患者在饱餐，运动，劳累，受凉和长期站立后，诱发腹痛发生。
\n(2)胃肠道反应患者常有轻重不等的消化不良、食欲下降。病程较长者可出现消瘦、体重下降。一般无恶心和呕吐，也无腹胀，但老年患者可伴有便秘。
\n(3)腹部压痛压痛是惟一的体征，主要位于右下腹部，一般范围较小，位置恒定，重压时才能出现。无肌紧张和反跳痛，一般无腹部包块。
\n(4)体征各种特定的压痛点如麦氏点、兰氏点及腰大肌征、罗氏征阳性。
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