肛瘘的发病率很高，在平时的生活中也让患者非常痛苦，所以大家要做好预防工作，预防肛瘘的方法包括平时要注意饮食卫生，不吃变味发馊的饭菜。注意瓜果冷饮卫生，注意生冷熟食不在同一切菜板上切用，以防止肠炎的发生。做好肛瘘病的预防工作如何做?
\n对于从事久坐久站职业的人，要经常变换体位，抽空活动活动下肢、腰部，尽量抬高下肢，以促进血液回流。对于经常出差者，宜尽可能保证生活规律，定时进餐，定时大便，保证睡眠，保证多饮水，多食蔬菜水果，在家休息娱乐时，切忌通宵玩。
\n肛瘘的预防要从以下几点着手：
\n1、饮食要干净，如果饮食不洁就会导致腹泻的发生，很容易造成造成肛门腺感染，诱发肛瘘。
\n2、良好的排便习惯、防止大便干结，损伤肛管皮肤，造成感染。
\n3、注意肛门卫生，在排便过后可用温水清洗，保持肛门清洁。
\n4、及时治疗可能导致肛瘘的疾病，比如肛裂、肛周脓肿等。
\n5、对于油腻饮食，不宜多吃，应多吃清淡含丰富维生素的食物。如绿豆、萝卜、冬瓜等新鲜蔬菜、水果。
\n6、感到全身不适时，要及时去医院查清原因，及时治疗。
\n7、排便时不要看书看报，这样会增加排便时间，导致肛瘘的发生。
\n8、生活要有规律，做到早睡早起、劳逸结合、经常运动，不要长期熬夜。
\n预防肛瘘的方法包括平时要注意饮食卫生，不吃变味发馊的饭菜。注意瓜果冷饮卫生，注意生冷熟食不在同一切菜板上切用，以防止肠炎的发生。
\n另外，经常参加体育锻炼，经常进行体操、游泳、跑步、跳舞等运动，对全身的血液循环、肌肉的功能加强有明显的促进作用。体质加强了，机体的抗病能力提高了，就能有效地防止肛瘘的发生。
\n做好肛瘘病的预防工作如何做?从饮食起居上来说，宜食清淡、富含纤维素之品，忌饮酒成性和嗜食辛温炙烤油炸之品，并注意饮食定时定量。养成良好的生活习惯，保持生活规律，养成晨起定时排便的习惯。
\n","barId":"1675","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1023","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1349,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486655448770,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486655448768,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"1862","isDel":0,"createAt":1486655323419,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"肛裂患者的预防小窍门","content":"
肛裂的发生给人们的工作跟生活带来很大的伤害，而且有很多人会把肛裂跟痔疮等其他肛肠疾病所混淆。也有人已经得了肛裂，但是有些朋友会说自己平时在饮食上也特别注意，除了饮食上的调理，我们还有哪些预防小窍门呢，下面我就给大家介绍一下这方面的内容：
\n1、合理调配饮食。既可以增加食欲，纠正便秘改善胃肠功能，也可以养成定时排便的习惯。日常饮食中可多选用蔬菜、水果、豆类等含维生素和纤维素较多的饮食，少含辛辣刺激性的食物，如辣椒、芥末、姜等。
\n2、每日早晨空腹时喝1杯凉开水，临睡前喝1杯淡盐开水，对预防便秘有一定效果。
\n3、晨起参加多种体育活动。如跑步、做操、打太极拳等都可以预防便秘。当有便意时不要忍着不去大便，因为久忍大便可以引起习惯性便秘。排便时蹲厕时间过长，或看报纸、或过分用力，这些都是不良的排便习惯，应予纠正。
\n4、睡前也可服蜂蜜等促进排便，减少肛裂的发生。
\n5、早期较浅的新鲜肛裂，可服缓泻药，如液状石蜡，每晚20毫升。或内服成药麻仁软胶囊、滋脾丸等，使大便软化。
\n6、肛肠治疗专家讲，热水坐浴此法，可改善局部血液循环，松解肛门括约肌和保持局部清洁，方法是在较深的盆具内放进40 ℃的温开水或1:5000的高锰酸钾溶液，在盆内热水坐浴，约15～20分钟。早晚进行，对肛裂预防有良好的效果。
\n7、养成定时排便的习惯。健康人直肠内通常没有粪便，随晨起起床引起的直立反射，早餐引起的胃、结肠反射，结肠可产生强烈的“集团蠕动”，将粪便推入直肠，直肠内粪便蓄积到一定量，便产生便意。所以最好能养成每天早晨定时排便的习惯很重要。
\n","barId":"1675","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1023","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1638,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486655323421,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486655323419,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"3673","isDel":0,"createAt":1486655102589,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"气管内脏损伤的预防方法","content":"
现在人们最关心的就是健康的问题，为了能有一个健康的身体，所以平时的预防工作是必须要了解的。气管内脏损伤这种疾病很多时候对患者的气管是有所危害的，很大程度上一旦发生，让患者都不知所措，对于内脏损伤疾病，气管内脏损伤患者做好预防是很重要的，下面我们就来看下气管内脏损伤预防方法有哪些?希望气管内脏损伤患者做好自身疾病的预防。
\n气管内脏损伤的预防方法
\n一、选穴：天突穴穴位标志较明确，但须定准，否则将影响操作。其次，对不合作者(如婴儿、畏针者及精神病患者等)，或咳嗽，特别是阵发性剧咳者，应暂缓选天突等穴，可改选附近的璇玑、膻中诸穴，或背部腧穴及远道取穴等。
\n二、操作：据作者和多数医家经验，天突穴进针以弯刺法较为安全，其方法为：先与水平成15°交角平刺，破皮后缓缓送针，至针尖如觉抵触硬物，即为气管。略退0.1～0.2寸，改向下横刺，在胸骨柄后缘和气管前缘之间，慢慢进针。为把握进针方向，可用押手(左手)扶住针体，约刺入1～1.5寸，如得气感不明显，可作小幅度提插捻转，动作宜轻柔，直至有满意针感。如送针过程中，针尖触有坚韧感的组织，且患者感到疼痛;或者留针时，针尾出现有节奏的搏动，都表明已碰到血管，宜将针略略外退至上述现象消失。
\n以上 气管内脏损伤的预防方法的讲解就为患者介绍到这了，气管内脏损伤患者千万别以为自己的疾病是不治之症，要谨慎对待气管内脏损伤疾病，对于气管内脏损伤，大家千万不要放弃治疗。
\n","barId":"1675","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1023","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1311,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486655102591,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486655102589,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"2133","isDel":0,"createAt":1486654923055,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"如何预防阑尾炎","content":"
阑尾炎是一种常见的腹部外科疾病，生活中几乎人人都可以患上这个病，患者会出现右下腹痛、恶心、呕吐、低烧等症状，以至于给患者的身体造成极大的危害，如不进行有效治疗会引发严重的并发症。那么，对于阑尾炎疾病日常应该如何进行预防呢？
\n1.保持乐观的精神。忧愁、郁闷、恼怒、悲伤等不良情志刺激，情绪变化，容易打破人的神经系统的平衡，导致神经失调，尤其是植物神经紊乱。植物神经紊乱的表现是多方面的，胃肠道的功能失常是其常见表现之一。在精神刺激作用下，胃肠道发生痉挛、弛缓等，导致消化不良、便秘、腹泻等，可诱发阑尾炎。因此，应当保持良好的精神状态，乐观开朗。遇事要拿得起、放得下，不斤斤计较而泰然处之，避免剧烈的情绪变化。
\n2.调节寒温。注意季节、气候变化，适时地调节自身机体与自然界关系，天热减衣，天寒添衣，尤其是保证腹部免受寒冷刺激，维护胃肠道的正常功能状态。
\n急性阑尾炎的病因常见于：
\n(1) 饮食生冷和不洁食物、便秘、急速奔走、精神紧张，导致肠功能紊乱，妨碍阑尾的血循环和排空，为细菌感染创造了条件。常见的致病菌有大肠杆菌、厌氧菌。
\n(2) 另外饮食习惯、生活方式也与阑尾炎发病有关，这也是阑尾炎的病因之一。
\n(3) 阑尾管腔梗阻。在阑尾狭窄的管腔内由于粪石、食物残渣、毛发团块、肠道寄生虫滞留，阑尾发生损伤而肿胀、扭曲。
\n(4) 阑尾壁上有丰富的淋巴组织，病菌可经血循环进入阑尾引起急性炎症，发生红、肿、疼痛。这是阑尾炎的病因里重要的一点。
\n","barId":"1675","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1023","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1617,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486654923056,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486654923055,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"4297","isDel":0,"createAt":1486654742543,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"便血常见病因和预防注意要点","content":"
便血是一种在平时生活中发病率比较频繁的疾病，相信很多朋友都曾经出现过便血的情况，那么便血的患者都会有着同样的疑问，为什么会便血呢，到底是什么原因引起的呢，我们又该怎么预防呢，下面我就给大家介绍一下大便出血的病因以及预防方法：
\n一：便血的几种病因
\n1、痔疮，这是最常见的一种便血病因。如果患有痔疮，在大便的时候一般没有疼痛感，血出现在大便中或者大便后，而且血不和粪便相互混合，出血量大小不一。
\n2、肛裂。肛裂的时候也会便血，一般血液呈鲜红色，手纸擦拭时带血或者呈点滴状滴下来，肛门伴随着疼痛感。
\n3、消化道问题。消化道出现问题也会便血，表现为黑红色或是柏油状，一般上消化道出血最常见，而如果下消化道出血一般血色较红。
\n4、直肠、结肠息肉。这种病因导致的便血一般没有疼痛感，呈鲜红色，血与大便分离。
\n5、直肠癌。这种疾病导致的便血一般呈现滴状，颜色鲜红而附着在大便的表层。直肠癌晚期患者的大便次数会增多，腹泻和便秘次数增加，便血更常见。
\n二：预防要点
\n1、预防肛门感染。痔疮是便血的最常见病因，而很容易受到大便影响而发炎，因此一定要做好预防肛门感染工作。对于痔疮出血患者，可以使用1：5000的高锰酸钾溶液对进行浸泡肛门，或者痔疮膏挤入肛门进行消炎、止血。
\n2、加强肛门锻炼：平时注意加强肛门的锻炼，这样可以促进肛门处的血液循环，具体的做法就是提肛运动。
\n3、每天定时排便。保持大便的通畅，及时排便。痔疮出血很多都是大便没有及时的排出而使腹压增加引起了出血症状，或者是大便干燥，排便力度大导致痔静脉破裂而出血。因此一定要保持大便的通畅，少吃大肉，多吃蔬菜，多喝开水。便秘患者可以吃蜂蜜或者香蕉，这有助于润肠通便。
\n4、饮食营养：如果患者出现一段时间的腹泻，就要注意保持均衡营养。饮食中如果含有低脂肪、少纤维的食物，虽然可以促进肠道的蠕动，但是不利于消化，因此要限制食用。
\n5、适当补充蛋白质和维生素。饮食中应选择低脂肪、高蛋白食物，像鱼肉、牛奶、豆制品等，同时注意及时补充维生素，多吃些瓜果蔬菜。饮食上要以半流食为主，每天坚持少量多餐，这样会对便血有很好的改善作用。
\n","barId":"1675","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1023","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1244,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486654742544,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486654742543,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"4154","isDel":0,"createAt":1486654295970,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"脉管炎在生活有哪些可以预防措施？","content":"
脉管炎在生活应该注意哪些？有哪些措施可以预防脉管炎？
\n(一)避免外伤
\n患者应避免外伤，特别是患肢。因脉管炎病人肢体血液循环不畅，抗病能力差，受到外伤后伤口极易感染，创口不易愈合。所以必须要患者保护好缺血的肢体，病人必须穿宽大、舒适的鞋袜，避免因局部摩擦引起擦伤;趾甲应及时修剪，以免过长撕裂损及皮肉，亦不得在修剪时损及皮肉;嵌甲、鸡眼、胼胝等足部疾患在处理时亦不可伤及内部组织和血管，伤后不可擅自涂抹刺激性较大的药物，以防引起化学性损伤。因为这些强烈的化学药品(如碘酒)涂抹后，不但收不到预期的效果，反而会使局部组织受到更大的损害。
\n(二)不要吸烟
\n(三)患肢锻炼
\n功能锻炼不仅可以防止肌肉萎缩，而且使肢体的血流量增加，促使血管侧支开放，保持肢体活动能力。但是，患肢锻炼不能操之过急，活动量要适当。因为患肢本身处于缺血状态，过度活动时必然加重症状。这里所说的活动适当，就是以不引起肢体疼痛为度。
\n(四) 注意饮食调养
\n饮食宜清淡、富有营养的食物，多吃蔬菜水果，多饮水，多食黑木耳，少吃或不吃黏性食物，如年黍米面、年糕、芝麻糖之类，这些食物可使血液黏稠度增加，血液流动速度缓慢，而引起血栓形成，使原已狭窄的动脉完全阻塞。可在医生指导下服用小剂量阿司匹林。保持心情舒畅，以饱满的激情、充沛的精力去生活、学习和工作。发现初期症患者要及时到医院诊断，并积极治疗，做到早发现、早治疗。
\n(五)其他注意事项
\n1、坚持按时、按疗程服药治疗，不要任意中断。2、在治疗期间，每天要保持足够的睡眠(8-12小时)。3、服药中需忌酒及辛辣刺激物品。4、不要擅自用药，特别是麻醉药、消炎药，越用病情越重，后果非常危险。
\n(六)避免寒冷刺激
\n在寒冷季节要适当保暖。寒冷将使血管收缩，血流量更加减少，缺血引起的症状愈加严重。这说明肢体的保暖的重要性。脉管炎病人在家中调养措施有：1、病人衣服宜宽大、保暖，不得过小、过紧，影响血液运行，更不可使患肢受寒。2、冬季病人应准备特制的棉衣、棉袜、棉鞋以保护患肢，这些防寒衣物以穿脱方便、保暖性强为原则。3、除患肢局部坏死外，均应每日用温热水泡洗患肢一次，如用对症的洗药则更好。4、局部可用热水袋或中药敷。
\n","barId":"1675","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1023","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1435,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486654295971,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486654295970,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"2843","isDel":0,"createAt":1486654146021,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"动脉硬化闭塞症生活中有哪些保健措施？","content":"
由于动脉硬化闭塞症是全身性疾病的一部分，所以对于动脉硬化闭塞症的预防也是全面的：
\n一、控制易患因子
\n动脉硬化的预防首先是控制易患因子，如有糖尿病，应及时控制血糖，包括饮食控制、锻炼及降糖药的使用，如有胆固醇增高，则应控制胆固醇饮食，对超重者应严格控制热量的摄入，如有高血压，则应给予合理的降压治疗。
\n二、预防手段
\n1、饮食：饮食的总热量不宜过高，一般以维持正常体重为度。正常人标准体重简单计算公式：身高(cm)-110=体重(kg)，应避免进食过多的富含胆固醇的食物，如牛(猪)脑、蛋黄、鳗鱼、肝脏、墨鱼等。为补充蛋白质可食低胆固醇食物如：猪(牛)瘦肉、鸡(鸭)肉、蛋白、牛奶等。还应避免花生油和椰子油，因为它们均可促进动脉硬化的形成。原有高胆固醇者每日进食胆固醇<300mg，对超重者(超过标准体重20%)宜减少每日总热量，并限制糖类饮食，控制食量，提倡清洗饮食，多食富含维生素的食物如蔬菜、水果和富含蛋白质的食物如瘦肉、豆类及豆制品。
\n2、体力活动：参加一定的体力活动对预防肥胖、锻炼循环系统的功能和调整血脂代谢均有益，是预防本病的一项积极措施。体力活动应根据原来的身体状况、体力活动习惯和心脏功能状态确定，以不过度增加心脏负担和不引起不适感觉为原则。体育活动要循序渐进，不宜勉强作剧烈运动，对老年人提倡散步(每日1小时左右，分次进行)，做保健操、太极拳等。
\n3、合理安排生活：应注意劳逸结合，尽量避免情绪激动，生活要有规律，保持心情愉快。
\n4、其它：提倡不吸烟，可饮少量低度酒，能提高高密度脂蛋白，有助于防止动脉硬化。如伴有血纤维蛋白原增高可每日饮茶3g。
\n","barId":"1675","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1023","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1704,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486654146023,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486654146021,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"2537","isDel":0,"createAt":1486654112490,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"动脉硬化闭塞症的营养和锻炼","content":"
动脉硬化闭塞症为动脉因粥样硬化病变而引起的慢性动脉闭塞性疾病，主要侵犯腹主动脉下端、髂动脉、股动脉等大、中型动脉。由于动脉粥样硬化性斑块，动脉中层变性和继发血栓形成而逐渐产生管腔闭塞，使下肢发生缺血。
本病的发病年龄大多在50～70岁。男性病人比女性多见，女性病人仅占20％左右。根据疾病的发生发展可以分为四期：轻微主诉期，间歇性跛行期，静息痛期，组织坏疽期。
本病最早出现的症状为患肢发凉、麻木、间歇性跛行。随着病情的进展，患肢缺血加重，在安静状态下足趾、足部或小腿也会出现持续性的静息痛，在夜间更为剧烈，病人常抱足而坐，彻夜不眠。最总导致组织缺氧坏死。
中医古籍《内经》云：不治已病治未病。的确，防病即是治病，对于预防动脉硬化闭塞症最主要的就是预防或治疗诱发疾病，而营养与锻炼占据了重要地位：
（1）预防高血脂症。要养成良好的饮食习惯，控制动物性脂肪摄入，尽量减少食用动物内脏、奶油、蛋黄等高胆固醇食品，多食用蔬菜、水果，如发现患了高血脂症要长期服用降脂药物。
（2）预防高血压病。40岁以上的人要经常测量血压，控制体重，减轻心脏负担，自我调节神经功能，保持平稳情绪，避免情绪激动。控制盐的摄入，进行适当的体育活动，保证睡眠的时间和质量。
（3）糖尿病的预防。控制糖的摄入，不应每天过多食用甜食，经常检测血糖，发现患了糖尿病要及时治疗，治疗包括科学控制饮食量和饮食种类，食物以蔬菜、豆制品为主，面食、米饭为辅。
（4）彻底戒烟。吸烟对人体有很多危害。吸烟可以使人体外周小动脉、微动脉持续痉挛，促使动脉硬化发生，使血管内膜损伤，管腔狭窄，最终使中小动脉闭塞，产生肢体缺血症状。
（5）多参加户外活动，促进肢体血液循环。室外活动是老年人最方便的方式，但活动量要适度。不应参加过度心脏负担的剧烈活动。散步、太极拳、老龄门球、老年健身舞等都有宜于肢体血液循环，又不过度增加心脏负担，是值得提倡的体育活动。
（6）及时诊治，bureger运动。已有动脉硬化闭塞症的患者，需及时诊治，注意观察症状和体征变化，每年复查彩超检查。患肢运动练习（bｕｅｒgeｒ运动）有助于促进患肢侧支循环建立，增加患肢血供。方法是，平卧位，患肢抬高４５°，维持１～２分钟。然后坐起，患肢下垂床边2～５分钟，并作足部旋转、伸屈运动10次。最后将患肢放平休息２分钟。每次重复练习５回，每日练习数次。
动脉硬化闭塞症是中老年人的常见病和多发病，平日生活养成良好的饮食营养习惯和科学的锻炼可以有效的预防疾病的发生和发展。如出现前述症状应及时到医院就诊，以免错过最佳治疗时机。希望以上内容能够向您提供有效的帮助，对您多彩的生活有所裨益。
速尿又名呋塞米（furosemide），是强效髓袢利尿剂。他减低肾脏氧耗，促进利尿并保护肾脏功能。但同时也扩张血管，降低前负荷，利尿的同时易产生低血容量和低钾血症，大量利尿剂不利于体外循环心脏手术病人后期的循环稳定。
\n在体外循环中，由于预充大量液体，包括平衡液、明胶或羟乙基淀粉溶液等，血液稀释往往使hct降低至17％～18％（少数低至15％）。为了排除过量的液体负荷，使hct在停机前后达21％～24％，一些灌注医师简便的处理办法就是给速尿10～20mg，结果使病人大量利尿，体外循环后麻醉医师不得不快速输血输液和补钾，出现了“大脱大补”的忙乱局面，使病人循环处于不稳定状态。曾有1名54kg的女性病人，行双瓣替换术，术前hct为34％，体外循环开始hct降至17％，给速尿15mg后，转中尿量达1#600ml，转后hct为23％，术后达27％，但术后4小时尿量高达2#300ml。
\n我们多年的经验表明，体外循环中一般不要用速尿来强制病人排出体内过多的液体，除非病人尿量少于1ml·kg－1.h－1。因为血液稀释本身可以使病人抗利尿激素分泌减少，肾血流量增加。只要血压回升，病人很快就会来尿。如果病人实在没尿，近期又未接受过速尿者，或换瓣病人术前肝大有明显水潴留者，成人开始可以给予2.5～5.0mg，小儿0.5～1mg／kg，不可一开始就用较大剂量速尿。除非病人正在使用利尿剂才可能将起始量增至10～20mg，否则会使病人发生容量治疗问题和电解质失衡。
\n对血液过度稀释的预防与处理可应用下列方法：（1）麻醉医师在体外循环前不要过多输液，只要循环稳定输液量5～10ml·kg－1.h－1即可；（2）灌注医师按体重大小采用适当的氧合器，预充量要适当，小儿更应做到氧合器和管道小型化，目的是尽量减少预充的液体量和稀释度；（3）当体外循环中hct＜18％时，可采用人工超滤装置，减少速尿的用量，以免打乱病人自身的调节机制。
\n","barId":"1675","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1023","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1851,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486653949898,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486653949897,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"3331","isDel":0,"createAt":1486653773202,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"心绞痛的保健措施有什么","content":"
很多中老年人在日常生活中多患有心绞痛这种疾病，其实患者只要可以在日常生活中对这种疾病做好护理工作，就能非常有效地控制自己的病情，从而降低并发症的发病可能，为了帮助患者们避免再次复发的可能，下面我们就一起来了解一下对心绞痛的保健措施。
\n第一要点：日常生活要劳逸结合。在日常生活中，心绞痛患者应注意休息，平时患者还应注意劳逸结合，保证充足的睡眠。
\n第二要点：心绞痛患者应注意节制房事，尤其在发作期间更当注意，以免因过度兴奋引起不测，甚至危及生命。
\n第三要点：保持情绪稳定。在日常生活中，心绞痛患者应注意要心胸开阔，凡事泰然处之。切不要为一点小事，而大动肝火，要保持良好的心情和心态。
\n第四要点：注意饮食调理。心绞痛患者应注意截止饮食，不要天天都吃肉，应少吃富含脂肪、胆固醇的食物，尽量控制糖的摄入，多食水果蔬菜，多吃鱼，可喝牛奶。
\n第五要点：戒烟禁酒。研究表明，吸烟者发生心肌梗死和猝死的危险比不吸烟者高2倍。可见，吸烟对于患有心脏病的病人来说，其危害无疑是大的，因此，烟当戒除是勿容置疑的。
\n第六要点：坚持适当的体育锻炼。专家指出，坚持适当的体育锻炼锻炼对心脏疾病的益处远远大于害处，同时专家指出，心绞痛患者的运动要根据自身的具体病情，进行力所能及的、适量的运动。
\n典型心绞痛发作特点
\n1.突发的胸痛，位于胸骨体中上部的后方，可放射至左肩、左背，左上肢前内侧达无名指与小指。
\n2.疼痛的性质为钝性疼痛，呈缩窄性、窒息性或伴严重的压迫感。重者出汗，脸色苍白，常迫使患者停止活动。
\n3.常有一定的诱发因素，如精神紧张、情绪激动、受寒、饱餐、过度劳累等。
\n4.历时短暂，常为1—5分，很少超过10—15分钟的。 (5)休息或含用硝酸甘油片后能迅速缓解。
\n患有心绞痛的患者要想避免病情的复发，防止其他并发症的话，那么就一定要做好日常的护理和保健工作，在日常生活中应该做到劳逸结合，保证充足的睡眠，注意节制房事，保持良好的心情，避免情绪起伏过大，除此之外，患者还要戒烟戒酒，调节好自己的饮食，这样才能避免再次复发的可能。
\n","barId":"1675","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1023","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1426,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486653773203,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486653773202,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null}],"list4Map":null,"pageBegin":0,"pageSize":25,"pageNumber":1,"totalPage":1,"totalRow":10},"focus":0,"userDtos":[],"currCount":0,"lyBar":{"id":"1675","isDel":0,"createAt":1483439337899,"createBy":"system","createName":"system","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"name":"北京协和医院血管外科","type":101,"twoCode":"http://zhao01.com/zly_img/zly_wx.jpg","image":null,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110101","illId":null,"hospitalId":"15009","keyWord":null,"totleTopic":0,"barDesc":null,"discussBarType":null,"metaSearch":"{\"description\":\"洞医网为您提供:协和医院血管外科谁好、北京协和医院血管外科中心病友的治疗经验等相关信息，让您在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。协和 血管外科论坛欢迎您\",\"keywords\":\"北京协和医院血管外科中心_协和医院血管外科谁好_协和 血管外科_洞医\",\"title\":\"北京协和医院血管外科中心_协和医院血管外科谁好_协和 血管外科_洞医\"}","adInfo":null},"foodCouponValThan":null,"zlyTopic":{"id":"1675","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":null,"content":null,"barId":"1675","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1023","readLevel":0,"files":null,"clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},"pageTopics":{"list":[],"list4Map":null,"pageBegin":0,"pageSize":10,"pageNumber":0,"totalPage":0,"totalRow":0},"herfList":[],"forumUserFocusBar":{"id":null,"isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"barId":null,"barName":null,"barType":0,"webType":0,"userType":0}}