![\"痛风治疗方法之痛风用药全攻略，都集齐了\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1499440652487.jpg\" "\\"痛风治疗方法之痛风用药全攻略，都集齐了\\"")
痛风俗称“帝王病”。随着社会进步，生活方式以及饮食结构的改变，痛风的发病率越来越高，仅次于糖尿病的第二大代谢性疾病。为此将痛风治疗方法之痛风用药全攻略奉献给各位读者。
\n痛风与糖尿病一样，是一种完全可以控制的疾病，是有药可医的，本文结合参考文献以及最新的国内指南，将各种痛风治疗药物做一总结，希望对各位病友能有所帮助。
\n
治疗痛风遵循标本兼治，急治标，缓治本原则。诱发痛风根本的原因是血尿酸高，所以降尿酸药物是治疗痛风的基石，降尿酸无非通过抑制尿酸生成、促尿酸排泄和分解的药物来发挥作用，而痛风发作期需要抗炎止痛药物来解除患者的痛苦。
\n因此治疗痛风用药将从两个角度予以讲解：降尿酸和消炎止痛。
\n一、降尿酸药
\n降尿酸药包括促尿酸排泄药、抑制尿酸生成药、促进尿酸分解药及碱化尿液药。
\n1、促尿酸排泄药:丙磺舒、苯溴马隆、苯磺唑酮
\n主要通过抑制肾小管对尿酸的重吸收，降低血尿酸。主要用于肾功能正常，尿酸排泄减少型。对于24小时尿尿酸排泄>3.57mmol或已有尿酸性结石者、或慢性尿酸盐肾病的患者、急性尿酸性肾病患者，不宜使用。在用药期间，特别是开始用药数周内应碱化尿液并保持尿量。
\n①丙磺舒：主要在痛风发作间期和慢性期使用以控制高尿酸血症，适用于血尿酸增高、肾功能尚好、每天尿酸排出不多的病人，也用于噻嗪类利尿剂所致或有发生痛风危险的高尿酸血症的治疗，一般不作为癌症治疗所致高尿酸血症的辅助治疗。
\n服药期间需要喝大量水，并加服碳酸氢钠，防止尿酸盐在泌尿道形成尿结石。肾功能低下，对磺胺类药过敏者慎用，不与利尿酸、氢氯噻嗪、保泰松、吲哚美辛及口服降糖药同服，伴有肿瘤的高尿酸血症者，或使用溶解细胞的抗癌药放射治疗患者，均不宜使用本品，因可引起急性肾病。
\n②苯磺唑酮：保泰松的衍生物，具有强力抑制肾小管对尿酸的重吸收的作用，从而促进尿酸的排泄。一次服药作用持续10小时。适用于慢性痛风，痛风性关节炎。同丙磺舒，能抑制造血功能，长期应用时应定期检查血象。
\n③苯溴马隆:苯骈呋喃衍生物，具有抑制肾小管对尿酸的再吸收作用因而降低血中尿酸浓度。口服易吸收，其代谢产物为有效型，服药后24小时血中尿酸为服药前的66．5%。用于治疗痛风。
\n与乙酰水杨酸及其它水杨酸制剂、比嗪山胺同服，可减弱本品的作用。不良反应较少，仅少数病人可出现粒细胞减少，故应定期查血象。服药期间如痛风发作，建议所用药量减半，必要时可服用秋水仙碱或消炎药以减轻疼痛。不宜与水杨酸类、吡嗪酰胺类、利尿酸、噻嗪类利尿药合用。
\n中至重度肾效用侵害者（肾小球滤过率低于20ml/min）及患有肾结石的患者，孕妇、妊娠期妇女以及哺乳期妇女禁用，治疗期间需大量饮水以增加尿量（治疗初期饮水量不得少于1.5-2升），以免在排泄的尿中由于尿酸过多导致尿酸结晶（喝水少会造成结石哦）。定期测量尿液的酸碱度，为促进尿液碱化，可酌情给予碳酸氢钠或枸橼酸合剂，并注意酸碱平衡，病人尿液PH应调节在6.2～6.8之间。长期用药时，应定期检查肝功能。
\n2、抑制尿酸生成的药物：别嘌醇、非布司他
\n①别嘌醇：该品及其代谢产物氧嘌呤醇通过抑制黄嘌呤氧化酶的活性（后者能使次黄嘌呤转为黄嘌呤，再使黄嘌呤转变成尿酸），使尿酸生成减少，血中及尿中的尿酸含量降低到溶解度以下的水平，从而防止尿酸结石的沉积，有助于痛风结节及尿酸结晶的重新溶解。
\n别嘌呤醇不良反应较多，包括胃肠道症状（腹痛、腹泻、恶心、呕吐等）、肝功能损害（转氨酶升高、黄疸等）、肾脏损害（浮肿、少尿、蛋白尿、肾功能衰竭等）、骨髓抑制（白细胞、血小板减少或贫血等）和过敏反应。服用别嘌呤醇除定期监测肝肾功能、血常规外，还须注意过敏反应发生。过敏反应主要表现为各种类型的皮疹，发生于四肢、躯干皮肤，常伴瘙痒、发热等，严重者危及生命。
\n别嘌呤醇引起的过敏反应潜伏期长，一般在用药1~3个月内发生，症状由轻至重，极易引起患者甚至医务人员的忽视。因此，服别嘌呤醇的患者如有皮疹伴随发热，首先要考虑别嘌呤醇过敏，应立即停药，给予对症处理。
\n别嘌呤醇一般从小剂量起使用，就是为了规避过敏反应。过敏反应更青睐合并肾功能不全和服用噻嗪类利尿剂（如氢氯噻嗪）的患者，这类患者更需加强防范。
\n②非布司他：黄嘌呤氧化酶（XO）抑制剂，适用于具有痛风症状的高尿酸血症的长期治疗（不推荐本品用于治疗无症状性高尿酸血症），是目前副作用最小的降酸药物也是最贵的降酸药物，正在服用硫唑嘌呤、巯嘌呤或胆茶碱的患者禁用本药。
\n3、促进尿酸分解的药物：拉布立酶、聚乙醇尿酸酶
\n这两种药物主要用于重度高尿酸血症、难治性痛风，特别是肿瘤溶解综合征患者或急性尿酸性肾病。
\n拉布立酶具有很高的免疫原性，容易引起超敏反应，此外其半衰期短，须反复给药，价格昂贵，不利于推广应用。聚乙醇尿酸酶在免疫原性和半衰期方面有所改进，用于不能适应或忍受常规治疗痛苦的成人痛风患者。
\n4、碱化尿液的药物主要有:碳酸氢钠片、枸橼酸钾钠合剂、枸橼酸氢钾钠、乙酰唑胺。
\n以上药物具有碱化尿液的作用。由于尿中的尿酸存在游离尿酸和尿酸盐2种形式，作为弱有机酸，尿酸在碱性环境中可转化为溶解度更高的尿酸盐，利于肾脏排泄，减少尿酸沉积造成的肾脏损害。
\n痛风患者的尿pH值往往低于健康人，故在降尿酸治疗的同时应碱化尿液，特别是在开始服用促尿酸排泄药期间，应定期监测尿pH值，使之保持在6.2～6.8之间，同时保持尿量，是预防和治疗痛风相关肾脏病变的必要措施。
\n二、消炎止痛药物主要有：非甾体类抗炎药（NSAIDs）、秋水仙碱、糖皮质激素
\n1、非甾体类抗炎药（NSAIDs）
\n非甾体类抗炎药均可有效缓解急性痛风症状，为一线用药。非选择性非甾体类抗炎药如吲哚美辛、布洛芬、双氯灭痛等常见不良反应为胃肠道症状，必要时可加用胃粘膜保护剂及质子泵抑制剂，活动性消化性溃疡禁用，伴肾功能不全者慎用。选择性环氧化酶（COX）-2抑制剂如塞来昔布等胃肠道反应较少，但应注意其心血管系统的不良反应。
\n2、秋水仙碱是治疗急性发作的传统药物。秋水仙碱不良反应较多，主要是胃肠道反应，也可引起骨髓抑制、肝损害、过敏和神经毒性等。不良反应与剂量相关，肾功能不全者应减量使用。（秋水急性期是最见效的，秋水加上非甾体类抗炎药和冷敷12小时就能缓解大部分急性发作疼痛）。
\n3、糖皮质激素治疗急性痛风有明显疗效，通常用于不能耐受非甾体类抗炎药和秋水仙碱或肾功能不全者。单关节或少关节的急性发作，可行关节腔抽液和注射长效糖皮质激素，以减少药物全身反应，但应除外合并感染。对于多关节或严重急性发作可口服、肌肉注射、静脉使用中小剂量的糖皮质激素。为避免停药后症状“反跳”，停药时可加用小剂量秋水仙碱或非甾体类抗炎药。
\n\n
","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1019","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1629,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":1,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1499440519326,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1567781791092,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"4948","isDel":0,"createAt":1496843142731,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"大量运动出汗后，饮用碳酸饮料易导致低血糖晕厥","content":"
最近，徐州小李忙碌了一上午后猛灌两口可乐，结果可乐像在胸腔炸开一样，胸口闷疼，随后他栽倒在地上失去意识，眼角擦伤，脸也摔肿了。医生：大量运动出汗后，饮用碳酸饮料易导致低血糖晕厥，喝白开水补充水分就可以
\n\n
![\"\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1496843836381.jpg\" "\\"1496843836381.jpg\\"")
\n
![\"\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1496843682107.jpg\" "\\"1496843682107.jpg\\"")
![\"\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1496843297287.jpg\" "\\"1496843297287.jpg\\"")
\n
关于此事，相关网友如下评论：
\nHello浪漫仕：这个专家是个搬砖头的家伙。这解释跟幼儿园小朋友一个水平。正确的答案是：碳酸饮料，含的二氧化碳较高，剧烈运动后原本就呼吸困难，你又猛喝两口碳酸饮料，导致呼吸更加困难，胸口发闷，缺氧而窒息。你们听谁说过低血糖患者喝含糖量比较高的饮料会晕倒啊？这是绝对是白混工资，滥竽充数的“砖家”！
\n再现修罗刀：我以前就这样喝，眼前也是一片黑、那会年轻，现在不喝了
\n是你把敌人引到这来的：震惊！央视都曝光了还在给孩子喝这些吗？
\n冷火272：小时候就喜欢这种感觉。大热天跑校门小卖部灌冰冻可乐，两眼一黑，再慢悠悠醒过来
\n","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1013","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1899,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":1,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1496843142732,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1532786762939,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"5572","isDel":0,"createAt":1503583010370,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"几句话让你明白风湿热是什么病，风湿热的症状有哪些","content":"
风湿热对大部分老百姓都很陌生，那么到底风湿热是什么病，风湿热的症状有哪些呢，短短几句话让你对本病有个基本的认识：
\n ![\"几句话让你明白风湿热是什么病，风湿热的症状有哪些\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1503583673390.jpg\" "\\"几句话让你明白风湿热是什么病，风湿热的症状有哪些\\"")
风湿热是上呼吸道A组乙型溶血性链球菌感染后引起的一种自身免疫性疾病，可以伴随全身结缔组织病变，最易侵犯关节、心脏、皮肤，偶可累及神经系统、血管、浆膜及肺、肾等内脏。临床中有反复发作倾向，心脏炎的反复发作也将会导致风湿性心脏病的发生和发展。
\n\n
风湿热一般发病于冬春阴雨季节，潮湿和寒冷是重要诱因。初发年龄以9~17岁多见，主要发生在学龄期，4岁以前发病很少见，而25岁以后也较不常见。男女比例并无明显偏差。居室过于拥挤、营养低下、医药缺乏有利于链球菌繁殖和传播，多造成本病流行。虽然，在西方发达国家本病的发病率已有大幅度下降，但在发展中国家，如东南亚、非洲和中南美洲广大地区的发病率仍甚高。流行期受链球菌感染而未经治疗的患者风湿热的发病率为1%~3%。1992~1995年我国中小学生年发病率为20/10万，风湿性心脏病为22/10万，风湿热患病率约80/10万左右。农村的发病率高于城市。
\n ![\"几句话让你明白风湿热是什么病，风湿热的症状有哪些\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1503583270351.jpg\" "\\"几句话让你明白风湿热是什么病，风湿热的症状有哪些\\"")
风湿热的临床表现
\n(1) 风湿热前驱症状：在典型症状出现前2~6周，常有咽喉炎或扁桃体炎等上呼吸道链球菌感染表现，如发热、咽痛、颌下淋巴结肿大、咳嗽等症状。但临床上超过半数患者因前驱症状轻微或短暂而未能主诉此现病史。
\n\n
(2) 风湿热典型表现：风湿热有五个主要表现：游走性多发性关节炎、心脏炎、皮下结节、环形红斑、舞蹈病。这些表现可以单独出现或合并出现，并可产生许多临床亚型。皮肤和皮下组织的表现不常见，通常只发生在已有关节炎、舞蹈病或心脏炎的患者中。50％~70％患者有不规则发热，中度发热较常见，亦可有高热，但发热无诊断特异性。
\n","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1016","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":2085,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1503583010372,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1503583010372,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"5571","isDel":0,"createAt":1503416497329,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"痛风病友看过来，告诉你原发性痛风和继发性痛风什么区别，痛风什么症状","content":"
痛风可分为原发性和继发性两大类。原发性痛风有一定的家族遗传性，约10％~20%的患者有阳性家族史。除1%左右的原发性痛风由先天性酶缺陷引起外，多数发病原因不明。继发性痛风由其他疾病所致，如肾脏病、血液病，或由于服用某些药物、肿瘤放化疗等多种原因引起。
\n![\"原发性痛风和继发性痛风什么区别，痛风什么症状\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1503417186076.jpg\" "\\"原发性痛风和继发性痛风什么区别，痛风什么症状\\"")
痛风是嘌呤代谢紊乱及／或尿酸排泄减少所引起的一种晶体性关节炎，临床表现为高尿酸血症和尿酸盐结晶沉积所致的特征性急性关节炎、痛风石形成、痛风石性慢性关节炎，并可发生尿酸盐肾病、尿酸性尿路结石等，严重者可出现关节致残、肾功能不全。痛风多于中心性肥胖、高血脂症、糖尿病、高血压以及心脑血管病等疾病相关。
\n![\"原发性痛风和继发性痛风什么区别，痛风什么症状\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1503416475581.jpg\" "\\"原发性痛风和继发性痛风什么区别，痛风什么症状\\"")
痛风在欧美地区高尿酸血症患病率为2%~18%，痛风发病率约为为0.13%~0.37%。近年我国高尿酸血症及痛风的患病率直线上升，可能与生活方式和饮食结构改变有关。
\n\n
痛风什么症状呢
\n95%为男性，初次发作年龄一般为40岁以后，但近年来有年轻化趋势；女性患者大多出现在绝经期后。按照痛风的自然病程可分为急性期、间歇期、慢性期。
\n\n
1.急性期：发病前可无任何先兆。诱发因素有饱餐饮酒、过度疲劳、紧张、关节局部损伤、手术、受冷受潮等。常在夜间发作的急性单关节炎通常是痛风的首发症状，表现为凌晨关节痛而惊醒、进行性加重、剧痛如刀割样或咬噬样，疼痛于24~48小时达到高峰。关节局部发热、红肿及明显触痛，酷似急性感染，首次发作的关节炎大多在数天或数周内自行缓解。首次发作多为单关节炎，60%~70%首发于第一跖趾关节，在以后病程中，90%患者反复该部受累。足弓、踝、膝关节、腕和肘关节等也是常见发病部位。可伴有全身表现，如发热、头痛、恶心、心悸、寒战、不适并伴白细胞升高，血沉增快。
\n ![\"原发性痛风和继发性痛风什么区别，痛风什么症状\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1503417054546.jpg\" "\\"原发性痛风和继发性痛风什么区别，痛风什么症状\\"")
2.间歇期 急性关节炎发作缓解后，一般无明显后遗症状，有时仅有发作部位皮肤色素加深，呈暗红色或紫红色、脱屑、发痒，称为无症状间歇期。多数患者在初次发作后出现1~2年的间歇期，间歇期长短差异较大，随着病情的进展间歇期逐渐缩短。如果不进行防治，每年发作次数增多，症状持续时间延长，最后不仅不能完全缓解，反而使受累关节增多，少数患者可有骶髂、胸锁或颈椎等部位受累，甚至累及关节周围滑囊、肌腱、腱鞘等，症状渐趋不典型。
\n","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1016","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":2052,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1503416497331,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1503416497331,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"5434","isDel":0,"createAt":1500690288310,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"听专家为您解读：什么是性发育异常疾病，性发育异常疾病的诊断和治疗手段有哪些","content":"
性发育异常的定义和概述：
\n性发育异常疾病是指，患者的外生殖器、性腺和染色体的性别不一致。性发育异常的外阴表现是一个连续的谱系，在临床需重点描述以下方面：有无睾丸及睾丸大小；阴茎长度；阴囊发育；尿道开口/位置；阴道开口/深度；阴蒂大小。
\n染色体性别，决定性腺性别，而性发育异常的性腺类型多样，包括一侧卵巢/一侧睾丸，双侧卵巢，单侧卵睾，无卵巢或睾丸等不同表现。性反转（Sex Reversal）的原因分述如下：如果染色体为46,XX而表现为睾丸和阴茎，可能原因为：染色体含有SRY基因或SOX9重复（duplication）；如果染色体为46,XY而表现为卵巢和阴道的可能原因为：SRY基因丢失、DAX1重复、SOX9单倍体不全、SF1缺陷等。约30%的性发育异常疾病患者病因不明。
\nDSD具有以下特点：（1）多重效应：决定睾丸形成的基因有很多，在基因性别－性腺性别－外生殖器性别－社会性别等不同层面互相影响。（2）剂量效应：表现在基因表达的剂量效应，如SOX9和DAX1的表达。另外，雄激素水平越高，男性化表现也越明显。（3）受体效应：如不同程度的雄激素抵抗，可产生完全不同的临床表型；（4）时间效应：在女性胎儿8周之前，如果受到较高浓度的雄激素影响，尿道开口在阴茎的顶端；否则表现为阴蒂增大或尿道下裂。（5）广谱效应：外生殖器的畸形从正常男性－尿道下裂－阴蒂增大－正常女性，表现呈连续性变化。（6）复合效应：在某些患者，体内存在两套性腺器官，各自发挥作用。
\n![\"听专家为您解读：什么是性发育异常疾病，性发育异常疾病的诊断和治疗手段有哪些\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1500690423208.jpg\" "\\"听专家为您解读：什么是性发育异常疾病，性发育异常疾病的诊断和治疗手段有哪些\\"")
正常性发育的模式：受到染色体性别-性腺性别-外生殖器性别-社会性别的层层调控； 其中很多转录因子，如GATA4、ZFPM2、WT1、DAX1和SOX9/DAX1/SF1等，在性分化中发挥重要的作用。任何一个转录因子的单倍体剂量不足或重复（三倍体），都可能导致性别分化异常。性别的正常分化，还需要依靠AMH及受体、睾酮及受体、5a还原酶等综合作用。
\n性发育异常疾病的诊断和治疗：对于染色体为XX的男性化患者，可能的病因有：CAH，妊娠期高雄激素血症（外源，内源），SRY异位，SOX9重复，卵睾等；对于染色体为XY，但男性化不足的患者，可能的病因有：睾丸功能不全，性腺不发育，睾丸消失综合征，LH受体失活突变， Müllerian管永存综合征，睾酮合成障碍疾病，5α还原酶缺陷，雄激素受体功能缺陷（完全雄激素抵抗和部分雄激素抵抗）等。
\n性分化异常疾病的处理受到很多因素的影响，需要多学科干预，需要包括心理师、整形医生、内分泌医生、患者本人、重要家属成员等的综合讨论；尤其需要关注患者男性化的程度（阴茎大小）、对雄激素的反应、社会的文化、患者将来的性生活质量等。
\n协和医院内分泌科还提供了雄激素抵抗、5α还原酶缺陷症、真两性畸形、CAH、PORD病例的治疗经验分享，引起了良好的反响和热烈的讨论。
\n\n
","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1015","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1744,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1500690288312,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1500690288312,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"5433","isDel":0,"createAt":1500689573431,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"低促性腺激素性性腺功能减退症的诊断与治疗效果","content":"
低促性腺激素性性腺功能减退症病因学进展：
\n低促性腺激素性性腺功能减退症指下丘脑分泌神经元的缺失或功能损害，导致垂体分泌FSH和LH障碍，引起的性腺功能减退症；其临床表现，根据发病的时间不同而有所差异：在胎儿期，如果雄激素不足，导致婴幼儿小阴茎、尿道下裂、隐睾、两性畸形等表现；在青春期，如果雄激素不足，导致青春不发育或发育延迟； 在成年期，可导致男性不育症、少精子症或性功能障碍；在老年人，表现为男性更年期（成年男性部分雄激素缺乏症）。对低促性腺激素性性腺功能减退症的治疗，主要包括睾酮替代治疗和促进精子生成。
\n![\"低促性腺激素性性腺功能减退症的诊断与治疗效果\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1500689891958.jpg\" "\\"低促性腺激素性性腺功能减退症的诊断与治疗效果\\"")
病因方面的研究显示，部分转录因子包括FGFR1, KAL-1，PROKR2，Kiss1等在GnRH神经元的迁徙和成熟中发挥重要作用。但仍有约70%的低促性腺激素性性腺功能减退症患者病因不详；新近发现，Kiss-1敲除小鼠表现为低促性腺激素性性腺功能减退症。Kisspeptin蛋白是Kiss-1基因表达的一种蛋白，其受体GRP54失活突变也可导致低促性腺激素性性腺功能减退症。
\nGnRHα兴奋试验在诊断中的作用:
\nGnRHa兴奋试验可用于正常青春发育、青春发育延迟和低促性腺激素性性腺功能减退症的鉴别诊断，对评价各类疾病对垂体-下丘脑-性腺轴的功能的影响具有重要的临床参考意义。
\n雄激素替代的开始时间、疗效及安全性评价:
\n关于雄激素治疗的开始时间，既往认为一般在年龄＞16岁并且确诊低促性腺激素性性腺功能减退症后开始睾酮替代治疗；目前认为，阴茎对雄激素存在一个敏感期，此后雄激素促进阴茎生长的作用就会减弱。因此，对于小阴茎患者，可以考虑间断小剂量雄激素治疗，但治疗时必须综合考虑并注意随访并定期监测相关指标。无生育需求的低促性腺激素性性腺功能减退症患者选择长期的睾酮替代治疗。短期雄激素替代治疗，可改善代谢与胰岛素敏感性，降低hsCRP水平，增加肌肉含量。短期和长期雄激素替代治疗，均可明显改善患者的骨骼密度。长期（平均22年）雄激素替代治疗，可显著改善患者的生活质量和机体代谢状态，可能的不良反应包括红细胞增多症、肥胖和前列腺增生等。在雄激素替代治疗时，需要充分评估患者的可能获益和风险。
\n促进精子生成的治疗方案和疗效：
\n低促性腺激素性性腺功能减退症患者在有生育需求的时候，可以从睾酮替代治疗方案，切换到基于模拟FSH和LH对睾丸的刺激作用的生精治疗方案。我院内分泌科在近半年对30余例不同病因导致的低促性腺激素性性腺功能减退症患者进行了生精治疗，结果显示垂体瘤术后的患者在生精治疗后精子生成的成功率接近100%， I低促性腺激素性性腺功能减退症患者为10-20%，而先天性的全垂体前叶功能减退症患者成功率则更低。
\n","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1015","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1796,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1500689573432,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1500689573432,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"5424","isDel":0,"createAt":1500520518168,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"肥胖和糖尿病的关系—减肥才能“如释重负”降糖","content":"
据最新统计数据显示，全球有三分之一的人超重或肥胖，我国的肥胖症患者呈爆炸性增长。想了解肥胖和糖尿病的关系，就需要先了解体重指数。在临床上，诊断肥胖以体重指数为标准，并结合体脂及腰围测定。体重指数的计算方法为体重除以身高的平方（kg/m2）。考虑人种和地域差异，采用中国标准即体重指数指数超过24为超重，超过28为肥胖。
\n肥胖可以导致一系列并发症或者相关疾病，属于源头疾病，可以减少寿命，猝死风险随之大幅增加。与肥胖相关的健康问题包括：代谢并发症如糖尿病、胰岛素抵抗、高血脂、痛风等；心血管疾病如高血压、冠心病、脑卒中、充血性心力衰竭、静脉血栓等；呼吸系统疾病如哮喘、睡眠呼吸暂停等；生殖系统疾病如月经紊乱、不育、多囊卵巢综合症等。还可导致肿瘤、骨关节炎、消化系统疾病、尿失禁及精神疾病。
\n对于超重或轻中度肥胖症患者而言，主要通过营养管理、体育锻炼、行为和生活方式调整、心理和社会支持，以及在内分泌科医师的指导下采取药物治疗。而对于重度和部分中度肥胖症患者来说，由于并发症多且严重，多饮多食的生活习惯根深蒂固，很难通过药物和饮食控制来达到目的，所以首选为手术方式。
\n全球每年开展的减重手术约20万例。自2009年北京协和医院基本外科于健春教授主持开展腹腔镜可调节胃束带减肥术以来，胃束带、袖状胃切除术和胃旁路术等三种国际主流腹腔镜减肥手术在北京协和医院均可开展，综合减肥治疗效果居国内外先进水平。
\n","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1019","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1523,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1500520518171,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1500520518171,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"5422","isDel":0,"createAt":1500479075818,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"假性性早熟怎么办，以及假性性早熟原因","content":"
性激素可以促使并创造第二性征。反过来讲，也可以说第二性征是性激素的“得意”之作。在日常生活中如果口服外源性性激素（如女孩将避孕药当糖丸误服）患者也同样会出现与其所分泌的性激素类别相对应的第二性征，也就是所谓的假性性早熟。此类性早熟因没有大脑中枢的“授权批准”，和正常的青春发育程序完全不同，所以也称作外周性性早熟。在其发病过程中不依赖下丘脑分泌的GnRH的作用，故又被称为促性腺激素释放激素非依赖性性早熟。在青春发育之前的儿童体内，只要雄激素或雌激素达到一定量，就会产生与雄激素或雌激素相对应的第二性征。这一点在门诊所见到的分泌雄激素增多的先天性肾上腺皮质增生症（21-羟化酶缺陷症或11β-羟化酶缺陷症）患儿，因肾上腺皮质分泌大量的雄激素而出现十分明显的男性第二性征的临床表现，就是一种典型的假性（或外周性）性早熟。
\n![\"假性性早熟怎么办，以及假性性早熟原因\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1500479447200.JPEG\" "\\"假性性早熟怎么办，以及假性性早熟原因\\"")
通常来讲，假性性早熟患儿因没有性腺的发育，男孩不表现为双侧睾丸对称性的增大也就不会产生精子；女孩不会出现排卵，但可因雌激素大幅波动或撤退性出血，可表现为假性月经。
\n","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1016","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1911,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1500479075819,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1500479075819,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"5421","isDel":0,"createAt":1500478657858,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"真性性早熟的症状与注意事项","content":"
![\"真性性早熟的症状与注意事项\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1500479409737.jpg\" "\\"真性性早熟的症状与注意事项\\"")
外伤、感染、罹患肿瘤等疾病，或脑结构和功能先天性异常等原因，可使青春发育时间超前，进而发生性早熟。此种类型性早熟的历程与正常青春发育启动过程基本相似，唯一的区别是启动的时间大大提前以及青春发育时间比正常有所缩短临床上将此类性早熟称为真性性早熟；在真性性早熟发病过程中，下丘脑-垂体等中枢神经结构起着主要作用，所以也称为中枢性性早熟；在发病机理中，下丘脑分泌的促性腺激素释放激素的参加不可或缺，故也称之为促性腺激素释放激素依赖性性早熟。就像偶尔在某一天，人于深夜熟睡中莫明其妙地醒来再也难于入眠，却又说不清具体原因一样，在中枢性性早熟患儿尤其是女性患儿中，有相当一部分患者找不到明确的病因，故又被特别地称为特发性真性性早熟。真性性早熟的男孩会出现睾丸对称增大并产生精子，女孩则会出现月经并有排卵。真性性早熟的患儿已经具备了生育能力也就不难理解了。
\n![\"真性性早熟的症状与注意事项\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1500478948967.jpg\" "\\"真性性早熟的症状与注意事项\\"")
临床中真性性早熟的患儿以女孩多见，约占总患病人数的75%~90%。大多数性早熟患儿为找不到明确病因的特发性真性性早熟，约占总患病人数的70%以上。
\n![\"真性性早熟的症状与注意事项\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1500479372378.JPEG\" "\\"真性性早熟的症状与注意事项\\"")
约30%的患者尤其是真性性早熟男性患儿，其性早熟常常可以找到明确的病因如颅内肿瘤。现在偶有以前被诊断为特发性真性性早熟的患儿，后续发现存在颅内肿瘤。这些肿瘤的性质，多为良性，发展缓慢。也有报道称，有患者直到初次就诊10年之后，才最终发现肿瘤。因此，临床上应对特发性真性性早熟的患儿进行长期随诊。
\n","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1015","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1663,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1500478657870,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1500478657870,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"5287","isDel":0,"createAt":1498549495459,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":1498549527373,"updateBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","updateName":"小海螺","userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"什么是试管婴儿，做试管婴儿需要多少钱","content":"
医生们曾经对“输卵管阻塞”只能摆手说“抱歉”，得此诊断的夫妇也只好死心了。“试管婴儿”就象为天各一方的牛郎和织女搭起了鹊桥，使他们在绝望中获得一条求子的路径。那么什么是试管婴儿，做试管婴儿需要多少钱？下面，我们来先了解下什么是试管婴儿：
\n第一代“试管婴儿”
\n给妻子使用促排卵药物，使卵巢内多个卵子成熟，在阴道B超的指导下，从卵巢中穿刺出卵子，放入“试管”中。丈夫的精液经过处理后，放入同一个“试管”中。精子和卵子在“试管”中结合（受精），形成受精卵后又在“试管”中分裂发育成小胚胎（一般小胚胎在“试管”里生活48－120小时）。通过导管将小胚胎在合适的时机送回宫腔内，并给予保胎药物，经过一定时间，若血化验或超声确诊妊娠便宣告成功了。
\n输卵管阻塞、子宫内膜异位症、少/弱精症、免疫性不孕、排卵障碍和原因不明的不孕均可用此法助孕。
\n![\"什么是试管婴儿，做试管婴儿需要多少钱\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1498550445174.jpg\" "\\"什么是试管婴儿，做试管婴儿需要多少钱\\"")
第二代“试管婴儿”（卵子胞浆内单精子显微注射）
\n当丈夫精子过少、精子无力、畸形精子过多、精子不活动、精液中找不到精子时，在显微镜下直接把一个最优秀的自体或异体精子注入卵细胞内，使受精并分裂成小胚胎后送回体内。
\n![\"什么是试管婴儿，做试管婴儿需要多少钱\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1498550304413.jpg\" "\\"什么是试管婴儿，做试管婴儿需要多少钱\\"")
第三代“试管婴儿”（胚胎种植前遗传学诊断）
\n在胚胎移植入宫腔前，对胚胎活检进行染色体检查，将有遗传学异常的胚胎淘汰，从而避免有遗传病的婴儿出生。
\n![\"什么是试管婴儿，做试管婴儿需要多少钱\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1498549999941.jpg\" "\\"什么是试管婴儿，做试管婴儿需要多少钱\\"")
胚胎冷冻
\n在一次超促排卵及体外受精后可形成多个胚胎，此次移植后剩余的胚胎可冷冻保存，备再次移植时用。
\n赠卵妊娠
\n将其他女性提供的卵子体外受精后植入不孕女性的宫腔内。无卵巢功能、既往反复体外受精失败、超促排卵卵泡发育不良或空卵泡，遗传性疾病携带者、反复流产因卵子质量差所致者可接受赠卵。
\n\n
关键知识点：
\n1、“试管婴儿”的妊娠率约为30－40％，只有敢于承受失败者才有资格走近它。
\n2、“试管婴儿”同样可以发生流产、早产、胎儿畸形，甚至明明放到子宫里的胚胎也会不时跑到输卵管里成了宫外孕，所以活产率只有20％左右。
\n3、用大量的促排卵药会导致卵巢过度刺激综合征，表现为卵巢增大、出现胸、腹水、电解质紊乱、血液浓缩和少尿等，严重者可危及生命。
\n4、一次“试管婴儿”的费用是1－3万元，不是小数，建议量力而行。
\n5、千万别把“试管婴儿”当成怀孕的捷径和坦途，它应该是不孕夫妇身经百战后的最后一搏。
\n","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1019","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1961,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1498549495461,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1498549495461,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"5286","isDel":0,"createAt":1498548806018,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"治疗不育需先了解不育的原因","content":"
不育是有些人很容易怀孕，但大多数是反复流产或早产，或者曾发生过死胎。这样经历的人对怀孕成功的期盼和对再次妊娠半途而废的恐惧交织，其心理上和身体上遭受的苦痛，因此要治疗不育需充分了解不育的原因。
\n凡妊娠不足28周，妊娠终止，胎儿排出后无生存可能，称为流产。连续发生自然流产3次或3次以上，原称习惯性流产，现称为反复自然流产。反复流产是不育的主要原因，其原因包括：
\n1、夫妇或胚胎染色体异常；
\n2、子宫异常：子宫畸形、宫颈机能不全、宫腔粘连、子宫血管异常、子宫肌瘤或肌腺症；
\n3、内分泌因素：黄体功能不全、多囊卵巢综合征、子宫内膜异位症、糖尿病、甲亢或甲低；
\n4、免疫因素：血型不合和其他自身抗体异常；
\n5、感染因素：细菌、病毒、支原体、衣原体等；
\n6、母体全身性疾病；
\n7、父体精液异常；
\n8、原因不明。
\n对反复自然流产者应进行再孕前和孕后的病因检查和针对病因的治疗，其中染色体异常尚无有效的治疗方法。
\n\n
知识关键点：
\n1、人工流产可导致宫颈损伤及宫腔粘连而继发反复自然流产，应尽量避免非意愿妊娠及人工流产术。
\n2、胚胎染色体异常，保胎无效。
\n3、免疫治疗有明确的适应证，有疗效更有风险，应在有经验的专门医疗单位进行。
\n4、可尝试中医药治疗。
\n","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1015","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":2339,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1498548806019,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1498548806019,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"5285","isDel":0,"createAt":1498548245242,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"不孕不育怎么治疗都不如放松心情","content":"
许多能生孩子却坚决不要孩子，而许多想要孩子却偏偏不孕不育。同样是没有孩子，心境可截然不同。前者有自己的生活理念，而后者的心理障碍却是导致不孕不育的一个重要因素，对部分患者来说不孕不育怎么治疗都不如放松心情！
\n\n
焦虑、抑郁、烦恼、愤怒、负罪和挫折感是不孕症妇女患者普遍存在的不良心理和情绪状态。
\n心身医学理论认为，由大脑结构和功能所实现的人的心理活动，影响着机体的一切生理过程。有意识或无意识的心理活动，如情感、感知、思维、想象等因素都能影响机体的内部平衡、适应能力和健康。
\n临床观察和研究发现心理因素及个体特征也是不孕不育的重要原因，恐惧、忧虑、紧张情绪可引起男方性功能障碍和精液异常，女方排卵障碍甚至输卵管功能障碍。
\n中医理论中有“因郁而致病”，“因病而致郁”的辨证论述，肯定了消极情绪使身体器官功能发生变化导致疾病，反之身体疾病也常伴有情绪变化使病情加重，病程延长。不孕不育病人如对病情、治疗手段、转归可能没有正确的认识，而抱着对疾病的各种错误概念，矛盾思想和不符合现实的期望，而紧张、烦躁、无耐心、无信心，轻微的病症也会变得复杂化，使治疗难以奏效。
\n\n
关键知识点：
\n1、其实谁都知道不孕不育不是罪，但封建思想谁又多少都有点儿，包括你在内。
\n2、怀孕不顺利，查到毛病耐心治，没查到毛病耐心等。心急吃不了热豆腐。
\n3、在求子的路上也需要劳逸结合，有时放松放松、休息休息，反而“得来全不费功夫”。
\n4、婆婆妈妈们少说为佳，别给孩子们加压。
\n5、过于热心的亲朋好友们，还是不要“哪壶不开提哪壶”为好，别好心给别人添堵。
\n6、不孕不育是夫妻两人的事，无论是其中一人还是两人有问题，最好从一开始就夫妻同治，共同分担治疗压力，彼此安慰鼓励。
\n7、养育之恩大于生育之恩，收养与自己投缘的孩子倒也省心。
\n","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1015","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1611,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1498548245244,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1498548245244,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"5284","isDel":0,"createAt":1498546659228,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"五十岁的女人绝经谈虎色变话绝经","content":"
常常见到四、五十岁的女人会因40-50多天没来月经而忐忑不安地来见医生。因此今天的话题是：五十岁的女人绝经谈虎色变话绝经。
\n她们虽然担心自己是不是怀孕了，嘴上说“这么大岁数了，要是真怀孕了那多丢人！”但是心里却是偷着乐“这说明我还年轻呀！”，归根结底她们最怕的还是“我是不是绝经了？如果真绝经了，我不就老了吗？”
\n许多女性对“绝经”颇有“谈虎色变”般恐惧，面对“绝经”表现出“无可奈何花落去”的悲哀。
\n女人惧怕绝经也并非是“杞人忧天”，其实是有道理的。卵巢功能在20-40岁期间最为旺盛，而后便开始走下坡路，卵巢激素水平的失衡是导致多种心理和生理功能紊乱，即“围绝经期综合征”的根本原因。我国妇女平均在50岁左右月经停止。一年无自然月经为绝经。40-54岁绝经均属正常，而40岁以前绝经则为过早绝经，亦称卵巢早衰。绝经是卵巢功能衰竭的标志，也可以说是人体衰老的开始。从有卵巢功能衰退征兆到最后一次月经的时段称为“绝经过渡期”，为期数年不等，各人表现不一。绝经后人体老化的表现也各不相同。外观可见到皱纹、白发、脱发、眼花、耳背、体态与性情改变等，体内的变化则几乎遍布每个部位。一些老年性疾病也会接踵而来，心血管疾病、骨关节疾病、糖尿病、甲状腺病、精神心理疾病、肿瘤等等。
\n自然规律永远是不能完全为人的意志所转移的，对于有月经的女性而言，绝经是必然发生的。随着经济的繁荣，生活的安宁，医疗保健的改善，人的寿命不断提高，近年统计我国女性人均寿命为74岁，这就意味着绝大多数妇女是必须经历绝经和绝经后的20-30年。“谈虎色变”固然可以理解，但让虎不来是不可能的，正确的态度是：坦然迎接“老虎”的到来， 以良好的心态和科学的武器与其周旋，最理想的情况还可能是训“虎”为“猫”。
\n\n
关键知识点：
\n绝经是不可抗拒的自然规律，应该科学地认识它，愉悦地接受它。
\n\n
","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1019","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1835,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1498546659235,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1498546659235,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"5283","isDel":0,"createAt":1498546137872,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"荷尔蒙是什么意思，荷尔蒙又有哪些神通","content":"
荷尔蒙对每个人来说都不陌生，但荷尔蒙是什么意思相信没几个人能回答出来，其实荷尔蒙是英语‘激素’（hormone）的译音。荷尔蒙兴则人兴，荷尔蒙衰则人衰……
\n女性荷尔蒙包括雌激素、孕激素和部分雄激素。雌激素和孕激素主要由卵巢分泌，是维持女性性征、月经周期和骨骼发育等必不可少的激素成分。雄激素由卵巢和肾上腺产生，不仅在男性体内发挥功能，在女性体内的作用也是确凿的。
\n卵巢功能衰退后，女性荷尔蒙分泌的减少导致了绝经和接踵而来的各种躯体和心理改变。卵巢的体积很小，重量不足一两，它分泌的荷尔蒙眼睛看不到，手也摸不到，但其神通真是至关重大。通过下表我们来了解下荷尔蒙的功效。
\n![\"荷尔蒙是什么意思，荷尔蒙又有哪些神通\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1498546576317.jpg\" "\\"荷尔蒙是什么意思，荷尔蒙又有哪些神通\\"")
如果缺乏荷尔蒙将会有以下症状：
![\"荷尔蒙是什么意思，荷尔蒙又有哪些神通\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1498546434669.jpg\" "\\"荷尔蒙是什么意思，荷尔蒙又有哪些神通\\"")
\n
\n
","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1016","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1887,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1498546137876,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1498546137876,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"5166","isDel":0,"createAt":1497870396800,"createBy":"d618c1d4097a11e7a61c00163e04584d","createName":"乐哈哈哈","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"d618c1d4097a11e7a61c00163e04584d","title":"男孩三伏天坚持睡火炕 以身试温","content":"
【男孩三伏天坚持睡火炕 以身试温】山东龙口15岁的男孩王语麟，做家务、干农活已坚持6年。因王爸患类风湿病，关节严重变形，如果环境低于30度就会全身肿胀，语麟三伏天也坚持生炉子、睡火炕，为爸爸试温度。后背热出水痘也不怕：\"能让爸爸睡安稳觉，是我应尽的孝心。\"
\n关于此事，且看网友如何评论：
\n刘奶奶蜂蜜-：百善孝为先[心]上帝会眷顾你们的
\n柳一秋：这么孝顺的孩子以后肯定是个人才
\n张瑶1997：强力推荐北京解放军总医院，治疗风湿病特别有效，个人亲身经历，希望能治好这位爸爸，顶上去让他看到，谢谢
\n请叫我夏哥：我能给孩子捐张床吗？春夏秋冬床上用品全套。再给他父亲配个温度计湿度计，这么好的孩子，看着心疼。
\nPM卿：这个病真得医，其他方法只能缓解现象，不医只会越来越严重，哎，过来人
\n\n
看新闻学知识：类风湿关节炎
\n类风湿关节炎（RA）是一种病因未明的慢性、以炎性滑膜炎为主的系统性疾病。其特征是手、足小关节的多关节、对称性、侵袭性关节炎症，经常伴有关节外器官受累及血清类风湿因子阳性，可以导致关节畸形及功能丧失。
\n![\"男孩三伏天坚持睡火炕](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1497871002422.jpg\" "\\"男孩三伏天坚持睡火炕")
1、好发人群
\n女性好发，发病率为男性的2～3倍。可发生于任何年龄，高发年龄为40～60岁。
\n![\"男孩三伏天坚持睡火炕](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1497871114959.jpg\" "\\"男孩三伏天坚持睡火炕")
2、症状体征
\n可伴有体重减轻、低热及疲乏感等全身症状。
\n（1）晨僵早晨起床时关节活动不灵活的主观感觉，它是关节炎症的一种非特异表现，其持续时间与炎症的严重程度成正比。
\n（2）男性常于55岁以后发病，呈急性发病，有对称性腕关节、屈肌腱鞘及手小关节的炎症，手背可有凹陷性水肿。晨僵时间长（0.5～1天），常于1年后自发缓解，预后好。
\n（3）老年发病的RA常>65岁起病，性别差异小，多呈急性发病，发展较快（部分以OA为最初表现，几年后出现典型的RA表现）。
\n\n
\n
","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1013","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":2250,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1497870396801,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1497870396801,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"d618c1d4097a11e7a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1489580884064,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"乐哈哈哈","password":"888888","level":0,"nickName":"乐哈哈","realName":null,"signName":"给对方","head":"/resources/images/qq/3.png","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":null,"address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"5163","isDel":0,"createAt":1497839377588,"createBy":"d618c1d4097a11e7a61c00163e04584d","createName":"乐哈哈哈","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"d618c1d4097a11e7a61c00163e04584d","title":"测试你的脂肪吃多了没 有网友表示把我的食谱列出来干嘛","content":"
【测试你的脂肪吃多了没 有网友表示把我的食谱列出来干嘛 】
\n眼瞅着自己的“大肚腩”一天天挺了起来，腰啊，腿啊也越来越粗越壮，却找不出原因……那很可能是你脂肪吃多了。中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院副教授范志红总结18道测试题，对照以下常见的脂肪饮食“雷区”，看看你是不是一直都在踩雷
\n\n\n
关于此事，且看相关网友如何评论：
\n海绵宝宝-咔嘣：这…啥都别吃了
\nbara_JJJJ：把我的食谱全写了出来
\n南宫家族的茗熙：都不能吃，活着还有什么意义
\n不漏风：我基本都没中，但是依旧会胖，是面条扎实吗？
\nJingjingRun：要这么吃，简直生无可恋，要么慢慢变成性冷淡，要么变成补偿性暴饮暴食。。。还不如想吃什么吃什么，少吃点就行了
\n","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1015","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1726,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1497839377589,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1497839377589,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"d618c1d4097a11e7a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1489580884064,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"乐哈哈哈","password":"888888","level":0,"nickName":"乐哈哈","realName":null,"signName":"给对方","head":"/resources/images/qq/3.png","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":null,"address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"4969","isDel":0,"createAt":1496999623592,"createBy":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","createName":"海总剑客","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","title":"最健康的作息时间表 美好生活，从健康开始","content":"
【最健康的作息时间表】于健康来说，年轻并不是资本，因为如果你肆意的挥霍，30岁之后都会一一报偿回来，监督自己和他一起养成好作息吧，不熬夜、不暴饮暴食、不吸烟、多运动，这才是健康生活的真谛哟！美好生活，从健康开始！！！
\n![\"最健康的作息时间表\"](\"https://wx4.sinaimg.cn/large/006r20Ynly1fgf273oqmvj30f00bh410.jpg\")
7:00 起床
\n7:00是起床的最佳时刻，身体已经准备好一切了。
\n打开台灯，告诉身体的每一个部分，尽快从睡眠中醒来，调整好生物钟。
\n醒来后需要一杯温开水，水是身体内成千上万化学反应得以进行的必需物质，饮水帮助每一个缺水的细胞都重新活力四射。
\n7:20-8:00 吃早饭
\n早饭必须吃，这没有什么好解释的！
\n一上午专注的工作学习需要正常的血糖来维持，因此为自己也为他准备一份丰盛的早餐是必须的。
\n8:30-9:00 避免运动
\n清晨并不是运动的最佳时间，因为此时免疫系统功能最弱，你可以选择步行上班，那却是很健康的。
\n9:00-10:30
\n安排最困难的工作
\n学习工作的最佳时间，头脑最清醒，思路最清晰的时间段。
\n千万不要把宝贵的时间用来看电影、逛淘宝。
\n10:30
\n眼睛需要休息一会儿
\n看看窗外，眼睛很累了，需要休息一会儿。
\n11:00 吃点水果
\n上午吃水果是金，水果的营养可以充分的被身体采纳。
\n此时血糖可能会有一些下降，让身体无法专心工作，水果是最佳的加餐食物。
\n![\"1.jpg\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1497000216067.jpg\" "\\"1497000216067.jpg\\"")
12:00-12:30 午餐别忘了多吃豆类
\n豆类是很棒的食物，富含膳食纤维和蛋白质，别光顾着吃肉，多吃些豆类食物。
\n13:00-14:00 小睡一会儿
\n30分钟的午休会让你精力充沛，更重要的是会更健康。
\n逛淘宝、聊天并不能帮你缓解困意，反而会在停止后更加困倦，最好的休息方式当然还是小睡一会儿。
\n16:00一杯酸奶
\n酸奶是零负担的健康零食。
\n酸奶可以保持血糖稳定的同时，还能帮助肠道消化，而且有研究发现，喝酸奶对心血管系统的健康很不错。
\n![\"最健康的作息时间表](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1497000551950.jpg\" "\\"最健康的作息时间表")
19:00
\n最佳锻炼时间
\n晚餐后稍作休息，可以开始健身了。你可以选择相对温和的快步走，也可以慢跑或游泳，根据个人需求进行体育锻炼，既可以消耗晚餐热量，也能够轻松瘦身。最关键的不仅是你的运动时间超过40分钟，而且需要长期坚持。
\n20:00
\n看电视或看书
\n工作太辛苦就看会儿电视或书籍杂志，反而会让你更轻松随意。如果希望自己学习更多的东西，不如看些专业的书籍，这对你的个人积累很重要。
\n22:00
\n洗个热水澡
\n帮助身体降温和清洁，有利于放松和睡眠。
\n22:30
\n上床睡觉
\n为了保证充足的睡眠和身体各个系统，是时候该睡觉了。
\n试图颠倒生物钟的作息，会为身体留下抹不掉痕迹，35岁之后你会明白什么叫“病找人”。
\n\n
霍Blingbling：其它都能理解，为什么22:00看电视或者书的时候要看金瓶梅
\n金童丨TIME：一天磨磨蹭蹭的工作6个小时，还各种休息晃悠，我不知道这生活健不健康，但我知道老板会心里不爽。
\nsummer阿橙：可是老子7点到8点是在上班的路上奔波
\n开始你的表演哦：7点起床做到了，22点半睡觉还需努力[加油]
\n南篱花开：晚上不用吃晚饭吗？喝杯酸奶不得饿死啊 晚上来顿夜宵更要命
\nEvoli__向晚_：每个人的生理作息时间不一样的，上学时老师就说过，有的人早上记忆力好，有的人晚上记忆力好，有的人中午记忆力好，有的人睡8个小时就够了，但有的人一定要睡够10个小时才够精神
\n","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1023","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1570,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1496999623594,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1496999623594,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1479808372065,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"海总剑客","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"洞医客服微信2276635444","realName":null,"signName":"洞医网提醒您：请仔细阅读产品说明书或者在医务人员的指导下购买和使用，禁忌内容或者注意事项详见说明书","head":null,"phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"756954943@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"4963","isDel":0,"createAt":1496970158160,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"过劳肥跟猝死一样可怕 赶紧转给领导看看","content":"
过劳肥跟猝死一样可怕：由于工作压力大、饮食不规律、凌晨才睡觉，工作越繁忙的人越容易变胖，这种现象被称为“过劳肥”。记者、底层公务员、教师、社工、律师、电商、IT人员等是最容易患上过劳肥的人群。
\n![\"过劳肥跟猝死一样可怕\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1496970876296.jpg\" "\\"过劳肥跟猝死一样可怕\\"")
过劳肥主要原因：
\n1、睡眠不足导致饥饿激素增多
\n2、压力激素皮质醇增加使人肥胖
\n3、现代人多坐、晚睡、垃圾快餐脱离不了关系
\n ![\"1.jpg\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1496970704264.jpg\" "\\"1496970704264.jpg\\"")
\n
怎么量化猝死呢？具体的量化时间目前尚无公认的统一标准，分别有人认为其从发病至死亡的时间在1小时、6小时、12小时和24小时之内，有人认为也包括48小时之内的死亡者。世界卫生组织认为的时间是6小时之内，但这仅是一家之言。目前公认的是发病1小时内死亡者多为心源性猝死。
\n如何预防猝死呢？冠心病猝死占全部心源性猝死的90%以上，预防猝死，其主要的目标是预防冠心病猝死，
\n预防心源性猝死的四道防线，防线不失，就不会发生心源性猝死。
\n1.第一道防线：防止冠脉斑块形成
\n2.第二道防线：防止斑块破裂
\n3.第三道防线：防止室颤发生
\n4.第四道防线：心肺复苏，通过心脏按压等措施为患者建立血液循环阻止死神的脚步
\n关于过劳肥，看看网友的感受吧：
\n唐纬恒 ： 原来我胖是因为我工作太忙了
\n天然无公害i ： 太气人了！怎么吃吃不胖！真羡慕你们吃点就胖的人
\n晚上不吃饭plus：工作一年胖了15斤，最近心脏部位会突然疼一下
\n年轻时代L：过劳肥，我彻底不相信。只要天天干体力活绝对不会肥的。即使得了肥胖证也可以瘦下来。
\n瘦了23斤的小苏苏：好不容易瘦了20多斤 [允悲] 明年毕业出来工作我又得长胖的意思吗
\n往昔姑娘：我原先有个同事，进公司时90近，基本天天加班，不按时吃饭，半年后胖了差不多20斤，人都变形了，后面一直瘦不下去
\n","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1015","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1685,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1496970158161,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1496970158161,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"4939","isDel":0,"createAt":1496792685623,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"早睡的必要性 早睡太重要了 眼看四点了还没睡着怎么办？","content":"
我们面临的很多严重问题，例如经济困境，工作的烦恼，人际关系紧张，这一系列糟糕问题的缘由，也许仅仅只是睡眠不足导致。为了幸福，大的方面我们需要钱，需要自由，需要爱情。但，我们仍需一些小确幸，比如好好睡一觉，一个小小拥抱。
\n对此相关网友表示：
\n鹊鸦：早睡太重要了 眼看四点了还没睡着
华君summer：就想问一句，我们这些要上夜班的人怎么办
CXJ_陈：早睡不会带走烦恼，但是会让我们有更充足的精力去面对烦恼
哒哒龙-ND：真的睡不着 怎么办 谁能教教我怎么躺下就能有困意
粟布：滚远点，不要发不知死活的话语。天天夜班，哪来的早睡。除非火车停运飞机停航!如果真关心，不如呼吁夜班多点工资
孟婆上了奈何桥：唉，就没有早睡过，从小学到现在就没有10点前睡过觉
","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1013","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1585,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1496792685624,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1496792685624,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"4923","isDel":0,"createAt":1496665953320,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":" 人体排毒时刻表疯传多年 熬夜等于慢性自杀","content":"
![\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1496665964971.jpg\" "\\"")
21:00-23:00，人体淋巴排毒；23:00-1:00，人体肝脏排毒……近些年，网上流传着一张“人体排毒时刻表”，事实的真相是这样吗？戳↓不过熬夜对你的伤害是真的，再次提醒：日常生活作息一定要规律。爱他就转给TA！
\n![\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1496665859721.jpg\" "\\"")
关于排毒时刻表，看网友怎么看：
\n柳一秋：光熬夜 就能死八回了[doge]
\nlilimiminini：痘痘好不容易好了真的不敢随便熬夜，羡慕皮肤好的女孩子怎么作皮肤都那么好
\n兔小宁只猝死：每次熬夜就安慰自己就当过的是西半球时间，只要熬过之后睡足十个小时就好了[doge]
\n想找回自己的az：熬夜我也不提心吊胆总觉得自己寿命。。。不仅没有减少反而还多了
\nBrian佛培：[微笑]真相，人体器官24小时运作，只在某特定时间段内运作的器官？不存在的
\n","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1013","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1335,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1496665953322,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1496665953322,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"4916","isDel":0,"createAt":1496628097096,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":" 冷饮好吃但不可贪多哦 当心“脑结冰”","content":"
冷饮好吃但不可贪多哦！小心“脑结冰”找上门，引发头痛！
\n![\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1496628230269.jpg\" "\\"")
近日，江苏淮安的孙女士在连吃了几个冰激凌后，感觉头疼，睡不着觉。经检查，孙女士被诊断患上了“脑结冰”（因大量快速进食冰冷的食物刺激口腔而引发的一种头痛连锁反应）。提醒：夏季不要贪食冷饮，如在吃冷饮时感觉头痛不适，不妨轻轻按摩头部，一般几分钟或十几分钟后症状会减轻。但如果出现持续恶心、呕吐、头痛等症状时应及时就医。
\n![\"冷饮好吃但不可贪多哦\"](\"http://wx1.sinaimg.cn/large/006r20Ynly1fga3disi62j30b406rdid.jpg\")
关于冷饮好吃但不可贪多且看网友如何评论：
\n战略忽悠局办公室主任：脑子不进水怎么会结冰？好像有点因果关系。。。。
\n哎哎哎哎小太阳：上颚突然感觉到冰凉，把这样的信号传输给大脑，造成脑血管突然收缩，引起头疼，好像是这样，不是学医的，可能表述的不太严谨
\n![\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1496628915347.jpg\" "\\"")
小花狐小怪兽：脑结冰不是真正意义结冰，是—种比喻，大量进食冷饮，有人会引起头痛
\nvita__J__：我有时候 吃太凉的，脑袋就凉的疼
\n唧唧咋咋叽叽喳喳：前段时间深圳不是有个儿科医生手撕中医么。中医提出最好避免吃冷的，这哥们反对的很高调啊。
\noucren：吓得我出了一身汗，赶紧吃个冰棍压压惊
\n","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1022","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1956,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1496628097097,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1496628097097,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"4915","isDel":0,"createAt":1496625773931,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"每月改掉一个坏习惯 成功的事业从好的身体开始","content":"
虽然知道晚睡不好，但每天熬夜；书到用时方恨少，但宁愿躺着也不阅读；抱怨“游泳圈”日渐丰满却从不运动…梦想从来不是靠空想就能实现，想要得到最好的，先要把自己做到最好。你想成功吗，今天开始，从改变一个个坏习惯做起，每月改掉一个坏习惯可有胆量？（人民日报）
\n关于每月改掉一个坏习惯，且看网友如何评论：
\nARES周瑜：早睡早起成为现在所有人都难做到的事
\nmaomaoclever：事以密成，语以泄败，大张旗鼓下的决心 基本都会草草收尾
\nStephenHC：早点休息别熬夜，对手机不好[二哈]
\n_小港子_Zz-：早睡早起是不可能的 这辈子不可能早睡早起的，干活又不会做，就是熬夜这种，才能维持得了生活这样子
\n中二病控：改变太多太累了 我还是就这样吧
\n","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1013","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1785,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1496625773932,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1496625773932,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"4900","isDel":0,"createAt":1496390770617,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"身高基因不只是影响身高 还会增加4%的患癌风险","content":"
德国糖尿病研究中心等机构的研究人员在研究中发现，高个子患心血管疾病和2型糖尿病的风险较低，但患癌和死亡风险较高。流行病学数据显示，身高每增加6.5厘米就会降低个体患心血管疾病死亡的风险6%，但却会增加4%的患癌风险。研究人员认为，身高对常见特定疾病引发的死亡率有重要影响，但这与机体胎脂肪含量及其他可调控因素之间并无关联，最大的可能是通过基因机制调节身体的代谢并影响身高
\n![\"身高基因不只是影响身高](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1496390926561.jpg\" "\\"身高基因不只是影响身高")
基因小科普：
\n基因支持着生命的基本构造和性能。储存着生命的种族、血型、孕育、生长、凋亡等过程的全部信息。环境和遗传的互相依赖，演绎着生命的繁衍、细胞分裂和蛋白质合成等重要生理过程。生物体的生、长、衰、病、老、死等一切生命现象都与基因有关。它也是决定生命健康的内在因素。因此，基因具有双重属性：物质性（存在方式）和信息性（根本属性）。
\n![\"身高基因不只是影响身高](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1496391435143.jpg\" "\\"身高基因不只是影响身高")
带有遗传讯息的DNA片段称为基因，其他的DNA序列，有些直接以自身构造发挥作用，有些则参与调控遗传讯息的表现。组成简单生命最少要265到350个基因。（这涉及到了基因工作组的力量，人类的基因工作组与果蝇的基本相似）
\n![\"身高基因不只是影响身高](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1496390948036.jpg\" "\\"身高基因不只是影响身高")
关于身高基因不只是影响身高，看看相关网友如何评论：
\nwildworld88：都是一米多的人何必互相伤害啊
\n祝是梁山伯那个祝：175的我他妈倒不危险了，但找不着女朋友
\n井爷很Nice：握草，幸亏宝宝只有160
\n祝是梁山伯那个祝：175的我他妈倒不危险了，但找不着女朋友
\n可爱滴王静：再次为自己的身高感到骄傲
\nKaya小龙女：是不是矮到看不见的程度就不会死
\n呀我可是天鹅肉啊：啊呀没所谓啦！谁还能活着离开这个世界？
\n","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1013","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1836,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1496390770618,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1496390770618,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"1510","isDel":0,"createAt":1493647919824,"createBy":"623d560be20c11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"期缘","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"623d560be20c11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"为追女生瘦40斤，毁的不只是膝盖","content":"
小伙去年1月份遇到一个心动的女生，因觉自己太胖。从去年2月份开始减肥，一年多减了快40斤。前段时间膝盖痛，做个CT说是滑膜炎，对此，小伙表示：人是追到过了，就是膝盖毁了。难道毁的仅是膝盖，据内分泌君猜测，小伙可能已经有患痛风潜在风险了。
\n![\"为追女生瘦40斤,健身请适度\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1493647829514.jpg\" "\\"为追女生瘦40斤,健身请适度\\"")
今年小伙找了私人教练，教练教了怎么控制饮食啊，怎么提升心肺啊，加上跑步更加勤快，终于3月份爆发了一下，又减了10斤，算下来，一年多也减了快40斤了，希望今年夏天前再减10多斤，把体脂率控制到一定标准就开始练肌肉了。
\n![\"为追女生瘦40斤，减肥注意速度\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1493647972863.jpg\" "\\"为追女生瘦40斤，减肥注意速度\\"")
前段时间小伙膝盖痛，做个CT说是滑膜炎，用药治疗一段时间还不见好。很多网友表示，看完全文，只想知道小伙到底有没有追到那个令他心动的女孩。对此，小伙表示：追是追到过了……就是膝盖....
\n关于说到的滑膜炎，如今健身运动成风，越来越多的人患上了这个疾病。除了滑膜炎，据台湾《联合报》报道，台湾一位29岁的吴小姐因右脚大脚趾突然肿痛求诊，详问病史并无外伤，但最近有服减肥药且因怕胖连水也不敢多喝，疑为痛风成因。由此可见，痛风并不是男性的专利，女性因有女性荷尔蒙的关系，有助于体内尿酸的代谢，相较男性较少发作。停经后由于少了荷尔蒙的保护，发生率会逐渐增加。
\n![\"为追女生瘦40斤，指定长期合理计划\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1493648131139.jpg\" "\\"为追女生瘦40斤，指定长期合理计划\\"")
最后小编提示下，健身、减肥药适度，过度健身、减肥速度太快均有害健康。
","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1013","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1787,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1493647919825,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1493647919825,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"623d560be20c11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1485245349701,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"期缘","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"qiyuan99","realName":null,"signName":"早日相逢","head":"/zly-web/resources/images/qq/4.png","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"jzh@zhao01.com","address":null,"identityType":1,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":2,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"3120","isDel":0,"createAt":1493264562427,"createBy":"3cc2575ce14111e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"柠檬茶","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"3cc2575ce14111e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"丹麦生蚝泛滥成灾，吃货谁皆可去，痛风的你却不能","content":"丹麦驻华大使馆官方微博24日发布了题为《生蚝长满海岸，丹麦人却一点也高兴不起来》的文章，称丹麦海岸遭遇太平洋生蚝的物种入侵，当地人对此束手无策。这篇文章在微博和微信朋友圈得到了大量转发，一时间很多人都知道了丹麦有大量生蚝吃不完。
\n对痛风患者而言，痛风发病的原因是由于嘌呤代谢发生障碍,血液和组织中积聚大量尿酸和尿酸盐而引起。症状是手指、脚趾、膝、肘等关节疼痛肿胀，甚至变形。除了本次的生蚝不能替丹麦解忧愁之外，以下的饮食方面您也需要注意：
\n\n
1、高嘌呤类：豆苗、黄豆芽、芦笋、香菇、紫菜、动物内脏、鱼类等
\n2:、中嘌呤食物：肉类、豆类、海鲜等
\n\n
丹麦生蚝泛滥成灾，痛风的你却不能做贡献啦
\n完整的饮食原则如下：
\n1.保持理想体重，超重或肥胖就应该减轻体重。不过，减轻体重应循序渐进，否则容易导致酮症或痛风急性发作。
\n\n
2.碳水化合物可促进尿酸排出，患者可食用富含碳水化合物的米饭、馒头、面食等。
\n\n
3.蛋白质可根据体重，按照比例来摄取，1公斤体重应摄取0.8克至1克的蛋白质，并以牛奶、鸡蛋为主。如果是瘦肉、鸡鸭肉等，应该煮沸后去汤食用，避免吃炖肉或卤肉。4.少吃脂肪，因脂肪可减少尿酸排出。痛风并发高脂血症者，脂肪摄取应控制在总热量的20%至25%以内。
\n\n
5.大量喝水，每日应该喝水2000ml至3000ml，促进尿酸排除。
\n\n
6.少吃盐，每天应该限制在2克至5克以内。
\n\n
7.禁酒！酒精容易使体内乳酸堆积，对尿酸排出有抑制作用，易诱发痛风。
\n\n
8.少用强烈刺激的调味品或香料。
\n\n
9.限制嘌呤摄入。嘌呤是细胞核中的一种成分，只要含有细胞的食物就含有嘌呤，动物性食品中嘌呤含量较多。患者禁食内脏、骨髓、海味、发酵食物、豆类等。
\n\n
\n
10.不宜使用抑制尿酸排出的药物。
","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1022","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1499,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1493264562428,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1493264562428,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"3cc2575ce14111e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1485158098983,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"柠檬茶","password":"888888","level":0,"nickName":"柠檬茶","realName":null,"signName":"柠檬茶，我最爱","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1485160807561.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":null,"address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null}],"list4Map":null,"pageBegin":0,"pageSize":25,"pageNumber":1,"totalPage":3,"totalRow":61},"focus":0,"userDtos":[],"currCount":0,"lyBar":{"id":"1699","isDel":0,"createAt":1483439342990,"createBy":"system","createName":"system","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"name":"北京协和医院内分泌科","type":101,"twoCode":"http://zhao01.com/zly_img/zly_wx.jpg","image":null,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110101","illId":null,"hospitalId":"15009","keyWord":null,"totleTopic":0,"barDesc":null,"discussBarType":null,"metaSearch":"{\"description\":\"洞医为您提供:协和内分泌科专家门诊、北京协和医院 内分泌科相关信息、北京协和内分泌科病友的治疗经验等相关信息，让您在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"北京协和医院 内分泌科_北京协和内分泌科_协和内分泌科专家门诊_洞医\",\"title\":\"北京协和医院 内分泌科_北京协和内分泌科_协和内分泌科专家门诊_洞医\"}","adInfo":null},"foodCouponValThan":null,"zlyTopic":{"id":"1699","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":null,"content":null,"barId":"1699","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":null,"readLevel":0,"files":null,"clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},"pageTopics":{"list":[],"list4Map":null,"pageBegin":0,"pageSize":10,"pageNumber":0,"totalPage":0,"totalRow":0},"herfList":[],"forumUserFocusBar":{"id":null,"isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"barId":null,"barName":null,"barType":0,"webType":0,"userType":0}}