![\"一文让您明白什么是二甘醇，二甘醇中毒的诊断与治疗\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1503152057872.jpg\" "\\"一文让您明白什么是二甘醇，二甘醇中毒的诊断与治疗\\"")
二甘醇中毒事件经媒体报道后，一度引起百姓恐慌，那么什么是二甘醇，二甘醇中毒的诊断与治疗大概又是什么情况，相信通过协和医院的专家介绍您会有所收获。
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二甘醇，略带甜味，无色、无嗅，主要用作工业溶剂，用来制备增塑剂、干燥剂、防冻液、刹车液、柔软剂。二甘醇中毒途径主要为口服（如混有二甘醇的药物，或误服防冻液、刹车液等），偶有经皮肤吸收及呼吸道吸入的报告。齐齐哈尔第二制药厂亮甲菌素中毒事件，就是因为亮甲菌素的辅剂中加入了二甘醇，经静脉注射后从而引起病人中毒。
\n二甘醇的中毒剂量为0.14mg/kg，致死量为1g/kg。体内代谢的半衰期4-6小时，约40%- 70% 原形经肾脏排泄。二甘醇本身无毒性作用，中毒的主要原因是其代谢过程的中间产物和代谢终产物草酸有关。
\n二甘醇中毒的临床表现在早期可出现胃肠道症状，如呕吐、腹泻、腹痛。部分病人接着出现急性肾衰竭( 病理表现为急性肾小管坏死) ，多为少尿型，一般发生于用药后第5-7 天。神经系统症状出现时间晚于肾损害，主要表现为头痛、昏迷及周围神经损害（呼吸肌麻痹、颅神经损害症状）。在早期可有严重的代谢性酸中毒（阴离子间隙明显增高），尿中可见大量针尖样草酸钙结晶。
\n二苷醇中毒后早期应进行洗胃，尽可能清除残存的二甘醇。由于二甘醇体内代谢的需要乙醇脱氢酶的参与，因此应早期使用抑制乙醇脱氢酶的药物，如fomepizole。但该药国内没有，一般使用乙醇。乙醇可以与二甘醇竞争乙醇脱氢酶，口服或静脉使用均可，血浓度达到100-200mg/dl时疗效最好。血液透析对二甘醇及其代谢产物的清除率相当高，是早期治疗二甘醇中毒最有效的手段。其它如叶酸、维生素B6、B1等可以促进二甘醇中间代谢产物甲酸的分解，并使乙二醛酸不代谢为草酸而代谢为甘油，从而起到治疗作用。
\n对于不明原因的急性肾衰竭伴神经系统症状、严重代谢性酸中毒（阴离子间隙明显增高）的病人应尽可能详细询问用药史及其它生活史，并注意观察尿中有无草酸钙结晶，以除外二甘醇中毒的可能。其次，药品的进药渠道要完全符合程序，超适应征和超剂量使用药品一定要慎重！最后，一定要警惕中成药的不良反应，尽量不静脉使用，一但出现药物不良反应要及时上报。
\n","barId":"1701","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1016","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":2654,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1503151565134,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1503151565134,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"5557","isDel":0,"createAt":1503150448492,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"协和医院的专家告诉您：早期的慢性肾病的症状有哪些？慢性肾衰的治疗及肾病患者饮食","content":"
慢性肾病具有隐匿性，不易被发现，只有肾脏功能的破坏大于75％的时候，人们才开始出现不舒服的症状。早期的慢性肾病的症状有哪些？慢性肾衰的治疗及肾病患者饮食注意事项都有什么，且听协和医院的专家告诉一一为您解读：
\n据统计，目前肾脏病患者已占人口比例的6.5%—10%， 40岁以上城市人群患病率为9.4%。值得注意的是，肾脏疾病的高患病率却没有引起大众的注意。
\n![\"早期的慢性肾病的症状有哪些？慢性肾衰的治疗及肾病患者饮食\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1503150984361.jpg\" "\\"早期的慢性肾病的症状有哪些？慢性肾衰的治疗及肾病患者饮食\\"")
在门诊经常发现：肾脏患者首次就诊时，大约三分之二以上的肾功能已经不正常，四分之一的患者已经到了晚期。肾病只有在肾脏的破坏大于75％时，患者才会出现贫血、乏力、恶心、呕吐、腹胀、厌食、高血压，口中有尿味、皮肤发暗和头发焦枯等症状。即便这时去医院看病，也多是以胃口不好为首诊到消化科，贫血的去血液科，很少有患者能想到是肾脏出了毛病。因此肾衰病人一直在走误诊、漏诊的弯路，到肾内科时，肌酐（肾病指标）往往已高于正常人3至10倍。此时肾脏所剩余的功能不到正常人的5％，当疾病发展到这种地步的时候，只能接受血液透析、腹膜透析或是做肾移植。因此，慢性肾衰的发病并不突然的，只是没有引起患者注意。
\n![\"早期的慢性肾病的症状有哪些？慢性肾衰的治疗及肾病患者饮食\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1503150459058.jpg\" "\\"早期的慢性肾病的症状有哪些？慢性肾衰的治疗及肾病患者饮食\\"")
高血压、糖尿病患者尤其要警惕发生肾病的风险：
\n慢性肾病与糖尿病、高血压及心血管疾病有高度的相关性，它是导致上述疾病高发生和高死亡的重要原因。在我国，多数肾衰（尿毒症）都是由肾炎引起，由高血压、糖尿病等疾病导致的肾衰也呈现升高趋势，成为终末期肾病的两个最主要病因。
\n![\"早期的慢性肾病的症状有哪些？慢性肾衰的治疗及肾病患者饮食\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1503150479807.jpg\" "\\"早期的慢性肾病的症状有哪些？慢性肾衰的治疗及肾病患者饮食\\"")
40%的糖尿病人如果没有得到及时的控制和治疗，都会出现肾脏损伤的状况，其中10%会导致肾衰竭。而高血压、糖尿病、高血脂患者和肥胖人群通过控制血压、血糖、血脂和体重，完全可以控制慢性肾脏疾病的发生。
\n定期检测血肌酐和尿蛋白，可以预防肾脏疾病发生，或者延缓轻、中度慢性肾脏病的病程进展
\n肾脏疾病可通过简单的常规方法进行检测，通过查尿、验血等项目检查尿蛋白、红细胞的含量以及血肌酐高低是早发现、早预防肾脏病最简单而有效的途径。而精确的血肌酐和尿蛋白的检测则有利于慢性肾脏病人肾功能的监测。
\n相关的检查费用大约数十元，如果能够做到早发现，一般的治疗费用大约是每年几百元到几千元不等。一旦发展到终末期的尿毒症，透析加药费每年需要近10万元。
\n一般情况下，40岁以上的人群要定期到医院做体检，尤其是高血压、糖尿病、高血脂以及肥胖病人等高危人群，最好每年定期检查。如果接种流感、肺炎球菌疫苗等也可将慢性肾脏病人因感染而住院的几率降低8成。
\n慢性肾脏病人要重视合理饮食，适量运动有助于治疗和康复。
\n慢性肾脏需要在医生的指导下进行合理饮食和药物治疗。在饮食方面，患者应少吃盐、油炸食品和甜食、可乐等食品。
\n对于肾病患者来说，适当的运动锻炼，有助于肾病的治疗与康复。患者每周应保持4天以上做运动，且每次运动不少于半个小时，慢跑、走路、游泳等方式皆可，但一定要保证时间，时间量比运动量重要。
\n","barId":"1701","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1016","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":2723,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1503150448495,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1503150448495,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"5556","isDel":0,"createAt":1503145025105,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"协和医院专家告诉您：身体水肿是什么原因、水肿怎么办","content":"
有些患者会感觉身体臃肿，脸也胖起来了，腿也沉沉的，走路腿就觉得特别累，去医院一检查才知道，原来是肾功能出现问题导致的水肿。那么身体水肿是什么原因、水肿怎么办?不妨听听协和医院专家怎么说：
\n水肿在临床中很常见，身体各部位均可出现水肿，主要是血管外的组织间隙包含过多的体液积聚。患者朋友用手指按压皮下组织少的部位（如小腿前侧）时，会出现比较明显凹陷。
\n![\"身体水肿是什么原因、水肿怎么办\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1503145064428.jpg\" "\\"身体水肿是什么原因、水肿怎么办\\"")
水肿分为全身性与局部性两种，液体弥漫性分布于全身叫做全身性水肿；液体积聚在局部组织间隙时叫做局部性水肿；如果体液发生于体腔内，就称作胸腔积液、腹腔积液、心包积液等。
\n身体水肿是什么原因？
\n只要出现水肿，就意味着您的身体某处可能发生“故障”。
\n第一， 内脏器官病变造成的水肿：面部或全身水肿提示肺部疾病如肺气肿、肺结核、慢性气管炎等导致的肺心病、右心衰竭；心包积液、心包炎会造成静脉血回流不畅，就会引发下肢水肿，并且有可能发展至全身；重症肝炎和肝硬化是导致腹水和腿肿的主要原因；而肾小球肾炎、糖尿病肾病、肾衰竭等病变可能会引起局部或全身水肿。
\n![\"身体水肿是什么原因、水肿怎么办\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1503145984747.jpg\" "\\"身体水肿是什么原因、水肿怎么办\\"")
第二， 激素分泌异常导致的水肿：如甲状腺功能低下、肾上腺激素分泌过多、醛固酮增多症等与内分泌系统相关的疾病而研发的水肿。
\n第三， 药物性水肿：服用某些降压药、肾上腺皮质激素、雌激素等，可能引发水钠潴留从而造成水肿。
\n第四， 不明原因水肿：比较常见于女性的“特发性水肿”，可能与雌激素分泌异常等因素有关。这种水肿对身体影响较小，一般不需要服药治疗。
\n第五， 某些过敏性疾病导致的面部水肿。
\n水肿怎么办：有水肿及时就医很关键
\n身体出现水肿也可能是不良生活方式导致，比如，饮食中含盐量过高，可能导致水钠潴留引起水肿。只要限制盐的摄入，这种情况的水肿一般可在3~7天后自行消退。长时间行走、站立导致的下肢水肿，是因为静脉血回流不畅而导致，晚上睡觉时将腿抬高就可以在第二天缓解水肿。另外，经前期紧张综合征也是水肿的常见诱因，一般在月经前7~14天出现眼睑、踝部及手部轻度水肿，但经后症状自然会逐渐消退。
\n![\"身体水肿是什么原因、水肿怎么办\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1503145894261.jpg\" "\\"身体水肿是什么原因、水肿怎么办\\"")
值得注意的是：对待水肿不可掉以轻心，如果症状持续时间长、重，最好到医院做一个全面检查，包括血常规、尿常规、肝功能、肾功能、尿蛋白定量等，以确定引起水肿的病因。如果伴有疾病，应及时到相应科室就诊，以免耽误病情。
\n","barId":"1701","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1015","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":2244,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1503145025107,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1503145025107,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"5526","isDel":0,"createAt":1502547817156,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"专家回答你两个问题：不吃晚饭能减肥吗，晚饭不吃对身体有害吗","content":"
天气炎热，食欲大减；为了减肥，忍饥挨饿；加班太晚，错过晚饭……网上还流传着“饿治百病”的说法，似乎多吃一口都是罪过……其实，不吃晚餐可能比吃撑更加伤身。戳图学吃最健康的晚餐，从今天起，好好吃晚饭吧~
\n\n
![\"不吃晚饭能减肥吗，晚饭不吃对身体有害吗\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502548473283.jpg\" "\\"不吃晚饭能减肥吗，晚饭不吃对身体有害吗\\"")
关于此事，相关网友如下表示：
\n温柔的美灯泡：晚饭早点吃，吃少一点就可以了！我就是这么过来的！大学吃水果蔬菜水煮蛋加运动瘦了32J的我路过
\n花茶装在衣橱中：晚饭6.7分饱就好，但一定要吃，我就是这样，加上适当有氧运动，还有白天多喝水，不熬夜，不吃宵夜零食，从105到了90，开心
\n木禾吃吃：不吃晚餐的可怕后果...就是...会吃更多宵夜
\n火_火花：不吃早餐不健康，不吃晚餐也不健康，看来只能不吃午餐了
\n小说精选：最健康饮食方式：早上吃好，中午吃饱，晚上吃少。
\n玄慕霞：三餐饮食要平衡，按时吃食谱掉肉了二十斤，拒绝节食，太受罪
\n","barId":"1701","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1023","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1520,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1502547817157,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1502547817157,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"5196","isDel":0,"createAt":1498020492668,"createBy":"d618c1d4097a11e7a61c00163e04584d","createName":"乐哈哈哈","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"d618c1d4097a11e7a61c00163e04584d","title":"村主任患癌全村自发捐款 百姓心中自有称一杆","content":"
【村主任患癌全村自发捐款 百姓心中自有称一杆】 在济南魏梁村有一场捐款活动，一百多位村民自发给自己的村主任李吉强捐款。这位村主任在村里干了快7个年头，让村里修上了水泥路，还办起了好几家村办企业，村子变漂亮了，村民是富了，可村主任却累倒在工作岗位。
\n![\"村主任患癌全村自发捐款](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1498020522464.jpg\" "\\"村主任患癌全村自发捐款")
李吉强的岳母说：“他胃疼老长时间了，就光上卫生室拿点药片吃，也不上医院，太忙了，整天村里这么些人来找他帮忙。”
\n就这样耽误了病情，上个月李吉强给村民安装电线时，胃疼不止，倒在了地上，村民把他送到医院，一检查发现是胃癌晚期。
\n村民李女士说：“我们都愿意让他赶快点好起来，喝自来水他不让村民拿钱，这个钱从哪里来的，是他晚上出去跑出租去，他自己挣的钱来做自来水钱。”
\n李吉强告诉记者：“我放心不下还是村里的事，在这7年里，我一直招商引资，想着进一步改善俺庄，增加村民收入，我会继续为大家服务，继续为大家工作。”
\n![\"村主任患癌全村自发捐款](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1498020513537.jpg\" "\\"村主任患癌全村自发捐款")
![\"2.jpg\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1498021120520.jpg\" "\\"1498021120520.jpg\\"")
面对村民凑起来的1万多元，多的100元，少的5块，李吉强泣不成声，收下了村民的心意，他希望自己早点好起来，因为他放不下村里的人和事。
\n关于此事且看网友如何评论：
\nM工厂店：这样基层的好干部已经很少了 很朴实
\n鞋厂：好人一生平安，虽然我们村主喷贪的很厉害
\n木头人红木：政府只负责写墓志铭吗？
\n团家博会：吃水不忘挖井人，人民的好干部。我们要捐钱 他应该享受 医院干部病房医疗待遇。
\n看新闻学知识：胃癌简要介绍
\n胃癌在我国各种恶性肿瘤中居首位，胃癌发病有明显的地域性差别，在我国的西北与东部沿海地区胃癌发病率比南方地区明显为高。好发年龄在50岁以上，男女发病率之比为2：1。胃癌的预后与胃癌的病理分期、部位、组织类型、生物学行为以及治疗措施有关。
\n\n
早期胃癌多数病人无明显症状，少数人有恶心、呕吐或是类似溃疡病的上消化道症状。疼痛与体重减轻是进展期胃癌最常见的临床症状。病人常有较为明确的上消化道症状，如上腹不适、进食后饱胀，随着病情进展上腹疼痛加重，食欲下降、乏力。根据肿瘤的部位不同，也有其特殊表现。贲门胃底癌可有胸骨后疼痛和进行性吞咽困难；幽门附近的胃癌有幽门梗阻表现；肿瘤破坏血管后可有呕血、黑便等消化道出血症状。腹部持续疼痛常提示肿瘤扩展超出胃壁，如锁骨上淋巴结肿大、腹水、黄疸、腹部包块、直肠前凹扪及肿块等。晚期胃癌病人常可出现贫血、消瘦、营养不良甚至恶病质等表现。
\n\n
胃癌的预后与胃癌的病理分期、部位、组织类型、生物学行为以及治疗措施有关。早期胃癌经治疗后预后较好。贲门癌与胃上1/3的近端胃癌比胃体及胃远端癌的预后要差。
\n\n
","barId":"1701","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1013","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1704,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1498020492669,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1498020492669,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"d618c1d4097a11e7a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1489580884064,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"乐哈哈哈","password":"888888","level":0,"nickName":"乐哈哈","realName":null,"signName":"给对方","head":"/resources/images/qq/3.png","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":null,"address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"5167","isDel":0,"createAt":1497870834748,"createBy":"d618c1d4097a11e7a61c00163e04584d","createName":"乐哈哈哈","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"d618c1d4097a11e7a61c00163e04584d","title":"水果也有副作用 网友表示肠胃不好啥也别吃得了","content":"
【水果也有副作用 网友表示肠胃不好啥也别吃得了】如果要用一种食物形容夏天，那一定非水果莫属。水果虽好，却并非适合所有人。东南大学附属中大医院中医内科主治医师刘红梅，告诉你夏季水果的食用禁忌，中招的人只能忍痛割爱了。
\n关于此事，且看网友如何评论：
\n不喝冷饮的少女：我这种肠胃不好的什么都不能吃
\n7_CNBL：感觉得个胃病啥都不宜吃了
\n大米riceOni：夏天热的吃不进去饭就爱吃点水果[允悲] 这是要饿死我吗
\n_时光里的鱼：呵呵，对于一个吃货来说，我看完已经是对你最大的尊敬了
\n狗狗笑尿了：脾胃虚寒的人表示什么都特么得慎吃
\n","barId":"1701","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1013","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1921,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1497870834750,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1497870834750,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"d618c1d4097a11e7a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1489580884064,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"乐哈哈哈","password":"888888","level":0,"nickName":"乐哈哈","realName":null,"signName":"给对方","head":"/resources/images/qq/3.png","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":null,"address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"5067","isDel":0,"createAt":1497496060245,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"别再透支健康了 健康是事业的基础","content":"
【别再透支健康了】他是父亲、儿子、丈夫，是别人眼里的男子汉，也是家人眼中的顶梁柱。可你知道吗？其实他也会累。国家卫计委数据显示，近50%成年男性正受不同程度健康困扰。再坚强的铁汉也有脆弱一面，男人也需要关怀和休息。父亲节将至，把健康提醒转给你关心的他
\n\n
![\"\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1497496065025.jpg\" "\\"1497496065025.jpg\\"")
![\"\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1497496277683.jpg\" "\\"1497496277683.jpg\\"")
![\"\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1497496090082.jpg\" "\\"1497496090082.jpg\\"")
![\"\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1497496284090.jpg\" "\\"1497496284090.jpg\\"")
![\"\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1497496205584.jpg\" "\\"1497496205584.jpg\\"")
![\"\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1497496690462.jpg\" "\\"1497496690462.jpg\\"")
![\"\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1497496804599.jpg\" "\\"1497496804599.jpg\\"")
![\"\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1497496126500.jpg\" "\\"1497496126500.jpg\\"")
\n
关于此事且看网友如何评论：
\n\n
十二多：房子要不要买，孩子要不要上学，父母要不要照顾好？？？
\n刘今喜：现在不透支健康，以后家人进不起医院，何谈健康。
\nanny_03：所以，越来越多的女人在拼命
\n一亩三分小井：其实男人，戒烟控酒少玩游戏，自觉减少各种应酬和聚会，下班回来做做家务，锻炼身体，不要一回来就像大爷一样窝在沙发上，体谅体谅父母老婆，身体会健康很多。
\nRolanthebesti：男性也是人，也有脆弱的时候，所以更应该支持女性平权，性别平等，反性别歧视。
\n食豚者说：哎，我倒想和女人一样，找个轻松舒服的工作，等人娶，可能吗？
\n\n
","barId":"1701","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1013","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":2150,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1497496060247,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1497496060247,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"4919","isDel":0,"createAt":1496641260522,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":1496641557398,"updateBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","updateName":"小海螺","userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"饭后不要立即吃水果","content":"
很多人都喜欢饭后吃点水果，以解油腻。据相关专家表示：事实上这是一种错误的生活习惯，饭后不要立即吃水果。因为食物进入胃以后，需要经过1~2小时的消化，如果饭后立即吃水果，就会被先前吃进的食物阻挡，致使水果不能正常消化。长此以往，就会引起腹胀、腹泻、便秘等症状。
\n![\"饭后不要立即吃水果\"](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1496641280838.jpg\" "\\"饭后不要立即吃水果\\"")
关于饭后不要立即吃水果，相关网友表示如下：
\n毛毛蝩：照这个说法，只有第一口饭才能被正常消化，后面的食物都被前面的阻挡了无法消化？这是不是意味着要每隔1到2小时吃一口饭才行？
\n君：营养学专家建议我：早上起床后不要空腹饮食！所以我现在起床第一件事情就是给自己输液补充能量。
\n薛凯-又重名了：对于吃，中国人有两个特别神奇的概念，一个叫“空腹”，另一个叫“饭后”
\n虔州客：这个理论太神奇了，我都不敢相信看到了什么。
\n排球老boss在魔都：吃水果的最佳时间 是饭前1小时和饭后2个小时左右（柿子除外）
\n沈至慧：老早就知道了这个理论却依旧照自己喜欢的方式生活
\n","barId":"1701","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1022","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":2066,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1496641260527,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1496641260527,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"2942","isDel":0,"createAt":1486782577396,"createBy":"6aad1b12ea7211e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"茉莉花","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"6aad1b12ea7211e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"现在拉肚子像水一样，怎么办？","content":"
胀肚，吃了雷贝拉唑，谷参肠安，思密达，现在拉肚子像水一样，怎么办？
","barId":"1701","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1019","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1823,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486782577398,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486782577396,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"6aad1b12ea7211e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1486168781822,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"茉莉花","password":"888888","level":0,"nickName":"茉莉花","realName":null,"signName":"随遇而安","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1486169681471.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":null,"address":null,"identityType":1,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":2,"provinceId":"140000","cityId":"140500","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"2623","isDel":0,"createAt":1486782542287,"createBy":"6aad1b12ea7211e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"茉莉花","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"6aad1b12ea7211e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"容易腹泻体质，一年","content":"男,1岁11个月。十个月时候拉肚子每天六七次拉了半个月，之后就每天拉三四次糊糊的，持续三个月，后诊断牛奶蛋白过敏，转吃氨基酸三个月，后因为体重不够转小百肽加康萃乐。大便次数每天一到二次，至今一岁十个月，还是经常消化不良，拉糊糊，每天一到三次。前天吃了话梅，拉了六次，昨天拉稀三次，今天二次，稀，带酸味。
这样容易腹泻的怎么治疗或者调理。
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我想知道我这个是溃疡性结肠炎麼
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溃疡结肠炎。激素停了。吃美沙拉琴没效果
","barId":"1701","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1020","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1404,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486776937227,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486776937221,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"623d560be20c11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1485245349701,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"期缘","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"qiyuan99","realName":null,"signName":"早日相逢","head":"/zly-web/resources/images/qq/4.png","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"jzh@zhao01.com","address":null,"identityType":1,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":2,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"1741","isDel":0,"createAt":1486745503567,"createBy":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","createName":"海总剑客","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","title":"药罐子胃病一直吃药可以要孩子吗","content":"男,37岁。这两个月一直在吃胃药，可以备孕吗？
","barId":"1701","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1019","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1804,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486745503568,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486745503567,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1479808372065,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"海总剑客","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"洞医客服微信2276635444","realName":null,"signName":"洞医网提醒您：请仔细阅读产品说明书或者在医务人员的指导下购买和使用，禁忌内容或者注意事项详见说明书","head":null,"phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"756954943@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"1463","isDel":0,"createAt":1486745472068,"createBy":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","createName":"海总剑客","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","title":"胃溃疡出血怎么治疗","content":"男,62岁。两个月前呕血黑便，说是胃溃疡，住院治疗，两个月后复查还有渗血
\n做了活检医生说是癌现在怎么办？
","barId":"1701","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1020","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1637,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486745472070,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486745472068,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1479808372065,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"海总剑客","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"洞医客服微信2276635444","realName":null,"signName":"洞医网提醒您：请仔细阅读产品说明书或者在医务人员的指导下购买和使用，禁忌内容或者注意事项详见说明书","head":null,"phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"756954943@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"3089","isDel":0,"createAt":1486741363241,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"甲状腺病 曾做过胃息肉手术 ","content":"女,65岁。腿困。偶尔心急如焚，心烧，胃痛，会突然浑身发困， 突然发热冒汗，头皮发麻
很头疼
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\n后期检查出甲减，吃药成甲亢，最近停药了
\n15年11月检查浅表性胃炎十二指肠球炎
\n吃药近一年半胃病未见好转
\n饭量很小，有胃下垂，现在很瘦
\n舌尖上有很多小黑点，此黑点已经持续很多年
\n月经量变少，后几天的月经为黑褐色
\n耳鸣，睡眠不好，痰多
\n2015年下半年开始胃部不适，中间一直断断续续的吃药，曾经有段时间饭后干呕，经过过治疗后现在没有干呕的症状，但持续的胃胀，胃部难受，嗳气，不知道饿，无食欲，迄今为止，未见明显好转。中间辗转过好多医院，医生都说病不严重，但不知为何就是久治不愈。
\n\n
整日饱受病痛的折磨，久治不愈，都有些绝望了
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\n对于脂肪肝患者而言，这样的治疗与调理是一个长期而缓慢的过程，而饮食调养成为决定脂肪肝患者病情发展状况的关键点之一。脂肪肝患者饮食有哪些误区呢？
\n一定要快速减肥？
\n脂肪肝大多是由于营养过剩、脂肪堆积过多而引起的。临床上，大部分的脂肪肝患者都有体重超标的现象。因而，很多患者在得至自己有脂肪肝后，便痛下决心，立志减肥，认为只要把肥肉减掉，脂肪肝便会跟着消失。医生表示，减轻体重可使脂肪肝引起的转氨酶增高恢复正常，但不可急功近利。过度节食并配以高强度运动虽然可以快速消退肝内脂肪堆积，但另一方面也可加重肝内炎症及纤维化程度，诱发脂肪型肝炎及肝功能衰退等适得其反的后果。对于肥胖型脂肪肝患者而言，减肥需循序渐进。
\n只能吃素不可食肉？
\n一旦查出脂肪肝，患者的第一反应就是不敢再吃肉，这是普遍存在的误区。一方面脂肪肝的诱因并非单一的肥胖型营养过剩，很多瘦人也会出现营养不良型脂肪肝，因而首先要明确病因才能采取措施。
\n另一方面，即便是营养过剩型脂肪肝，养肝护肝也不能完全脱离肉类。长期素食易导致脂肪摄入过少，体脂分解过多，加重病情。肝脏需要一定的脂肪与蛋白质，且它们的比例最好都维持在20%，剩下的60%主要是由主食中摄取的碳水化合物。因而，脂肪肝患者不能一味地只吃蔬菜和水果，脂肪摄入过多或过少都不利于肝脏调养。患者可选取一些低脂食物如瘦肉、低脂牛奶、虾等。
\n多吃水果有益？
\n水果对于脂肪肝患者而言是一把双刃剑，因而不可一味的认为进食水果。水果中含有丰富的维生素、矿物质及膳食纤维，能够帮助促进脂质代谢。但不可忽视，很多水果都含有高糖分，大量的水果摄入易导致体内糖类大量转换为脂肪，加重肝脏负担，诱使脂肪肝加重。因而，对于水果的摄入也应该依据患者个人的情况，经医生评估，给出正确的使用方法。
\n以上就是很多脂肪肝患者常见的饮食误区。脂肪肝是否严重取决于患者的治疗状况，除了药物治疗、运动调理，饮食习惯也可以直接影响肝脏功能，因为食物既需要经过肝脏代谢，又为肝脏养护提供各种所需营养，达到缓减病情，恢复肝功能的目的。
\n预防脂肪肝应多吃“难吃食物”
\n“冲”味食物
\n比如萝卜、大蒜、洋葱等。这些食物味道很冲，甚至吃完了还会有臭味。原因就是它们含有硫甙类物质和烯丙基二硫化物，这些物质都对预防癌症、脂肪肝病很有帮助。比如大蒜就是人的“健康卫士”。
\n“怪”味食物
\n有些食物虽然以“香”字命名，但味道却很奇怪，比如香菜、香椿等。香菜中含硼量很多，这种物质能帮助身体吸收矿物质，保护骨骼，最适合进入40岁后的中老年人。香菜中还富含铁、钙、钾、锌、维生素a和维生素c等元素，有利于维持血糖稳定，并能脂肪肝。
\n“涩”味食物
\n未熟的柿子、紫色的葡萄皮，这些都是涩味很重的食物。它们的涩味是食物中的单宁、植酸和草酸带来的。这些物质都是强力的抗氧化物质，对预防糖尿病和脂肪肝有益。不仅如此，同一种水果，发涩的品种营养价值更高，比如，酸涩的小苹果就比大而甜的富士苹果好。
\n“苦”味食物
\n像柠檬皮、茶叶、黑巧克力等，其中富含各种甙类、萜类物质和多酚类物质，正是它们让食物变苦。比如柠檬皮和柚子皮中的柚皮甙，茶中的茶多酚，红酒、巧克力中的多酚，都能预防癌症和心脏病，也给食物带来了一点苦涩的风味。
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我们都知道挑食是非常不好的，但是大家知不知道如果换了脂肪肝的时候我们在吃东西的时候也要适当的“挑食”，太油太腻的食物要尽量少吃，脂肪肝在我们的生活中，是一种常见的中老年的肝病，脂肪肝是有多种因素造成的，当人们患有脂肪肝的时候，都会很害怕，就像要知道怎么引起脂肪肝呢?那么下面就让我们一起来看一下脂肪肝的病因和预防吧。
\n脂肪肝的预防应该怎样来进行
\n一、嗜酒临床上最多见，占脂肪肝致病因的第一位。据报道，每日饮酒达80g，持续8-10年的长期饮酒者中90%脂肪肝，直至最后演变成肝硬化。
\n二、肥胖生活水平的提高，营养过剩引起的肥胖日益危害着人们的健康，超标准体重20%以上者，据报道53%发生脂肪肝，特别是妇女患脂肪肝病例较多。
\n三、糖尿病性脂肪肝主要见于非胰岛素依赖型成人糖尿病人，约占50%，血中低密度脂蛋白和游离脂酸增加，而胰岛素依赖型糖尿病患者罹患脂肪肝则少见。
\n四、静脉高营养性脂肪肝对不能进食的病人采取静脉高营养所引起的脂肪肝已受到重视。
\n五、药物性脂肪肝许多药物可引起肝脂肪含量增加，其中以激素为最多。此外，口服避孕药、抗癌药引起的慢性肝病尤为常见，我们应倍加重视医嘱。
\n我们该如何预防脂肪肝呢?
\n①戒酒：由于酒精所致的脂肪肝易引起酒精性肝炎，最后发展为肝硬化，预后差，所以肝脏解毒功能差的人做到戒酒尤为重要。
\n②肥胖者控制体重：饮食控制加适当体育锻炼。
\n③对糖尿病和高血患者：饮食控制、控制血糖，但慎用祛脂药(因大多数祛脂药会使血中脂质深积于肝脏)。
\n④避免使用对肝有损的化学药品：如避孕药、激素类，由此，养成良好的饮食习惯，不酗酒、控制体重、保持健康的身体，对我们的健康和生活工作是很有必要的。
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患了脂肪肝以后我们要是不能及时的治疗的话就很有可能会引发冠心病高血压等一些严重的并发症，对于脂肪肝疾病的出现大家并不是特别的少见了吧，脂肪肝是一种由于脂肪过剩而导致肝脏出现疾病的现象，严重的危害了患者朋友们的健康身体及正常生活，为此我们一定要及时的去正规的医院进行治疗，那么脂肪肝疾病的治疗原则是什么呢？
\n脂肪肝是指由于各种原因引起的肝细胞内脂肪堆积过多的病变。正常肝内脂肪占肝重的3%-4%，如果脂肪含量超过肝重的5%即为脂肪肝。脂肪肝一般可分为急性和慢性两种。急性脂肪肝比较少见，临床症状表现为疲劳、恶心、呕吐和不同程度的黄疸，并可短期内发生肝昏迷和肾衰，严重者可在数小时死于并发症，如果及时治疗，病情可在短期内迅速好转。慢性脂肪肝较为常见，起病缓慢、隐匿，病程漫长。早期没有明显的临床症状，体检时发现。
\n脂肪肝疾病的治疗原则
\n脂肪肝治疗的原则一：查找病因，对症治疗，根据引起脂肪肝的各种病因，有针对性地进行治疗。如糖尿病患者一定要控制好血糖，这样才能使脂类代谢正常，从而避免脂肪肝。
\n脂肪肝治疗的原则二：适量服用降脂药物，如有肝脏损害和转氨酶增高时可服保肝药，并服用多种维生素。当然服药需要在医师的指导下进行，最近社会上流行所谓的“抽脂手术”和“洗肠疗法”，因其容易引起感染和导致体内正常代谢紊乱，故不要轻易尝试。
\n脂肪肝治疗的原则三：适当运动，运动可消耗体能，促进脂肪代谢，有利于脂肪肝的治疗。
\n脂肪肝治疗的原则四：调整饮食结构，进食高蛋白、高维生素、低脂饮食，少吃甜食，肥胖者限制热量(可参考高脂血症治疗的方法计算)或增加运动量、降低体重。饮酒要适度，一般每次饮酒不要超过50g，每周饮酒不超过250g，当然最好是少喝或不喝。
\n不管是轻度的脂肪肝还是重度的脂肪肝都是完全可以治愈的。几年前为了给孩子做肝移植，坚持跑步7个月完全消除了重度的脂肪肝的妈妈就是一个很好例子。因此得了脂肪肝并不是什么严重的疾病，知道在医生的指导下按照上面的原则来治疗都会收到理想效果。
\n脂肪肝的治疗工作是非常关键的，所以小编将常见的几种治疗方法已经告诉小编了，出现了脂肪肝疾病的现象是非常可怕的，为此平时的日常生活当中对于脂肪肝疾病的发生是一定要及时的去正规的医院进行治疗。
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脂肪肝是种常见的肝病，这个病在早期时症状不是很明显，但也不是代表没有症状。很多时候脂肪肝是饮食不当或是肥胖造成的，对于这种类型的脂肪肝患者，需要及时的进行临床检查。那么，脂肪肝在早期有什么明显症状?脂肪肝患者一般会出现恶心，发热、腹胀等情况时，就要格外重视了。
\n1、黄疸
\n脂肪肝会引起黄疸的出现，黄疸是由于体内胆红素代谢障碍，致血液中胆红素浓度增高，渗入组织，将巩膜、黏膜和皮肤染成黄色所致。脂肪肝时黄疸类型常为肝细胞性，该型黄疸常伴有乏力、倦怠、食欲不振等症状。少数脂肪肝病人会出现轻度黄疸，在肝内脂肪被清除后黄疸即消退。
\n2、疲倦乏力
\n专家介绍说，中度以上脂肪肝可以有倦怠、易疲劳的表现。
\n3、食欲不振
\n医生表示食欲不振是脂肪肝常见的症状之一，如果长时间食欲不振，除了怀疑胃炎以及其他疾病，也应考虑到脂肪肝的可能。
\n4、恶心、呕吐、腹胀
\n轻度脂肪肝若伴有肝功能损害，可伴有恶心欲呕、厌油、上腹饱胀等不适。恶心的症状常常单独出现。
\n5、内分泌失调
\n重度脂肪肝人群中偶尔会有男性乳房发育、睾丸萎缩、勃起功能障碍，女性月经过多、闭经，病人体重减轻或增加等表现。
\n6、蜘蛛痣
\n脂肪肝还会导致蜘蛛痣，蜘蛛痣是皮肤小动脉末端分支性扩张所形成的血管痣，形似蜘蛛，故称蜘蛛痣，经常出现在面、颈、手背、上臂、前胸和肩膀等部位。直径可从针头大到数厘米以上。检查时用指尖或棉签压迫痣的中心，其呈辐射状的“小血管网”即可褪色，去除压力后又会出现。最常见于急慢性肝炎或肝硬化患者，但在一些脂肪肝患者身上也可以看到。
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脂肪肝属可逆性疾病，临床表现轻者无症状，重者出现发热、右上腹剧烈疼痛、四肢麻木、消化道出血等严重症状，病情凶猛，要及早治疗。治疗前要先查明病因，这样才能制定合理的治疗方案，有效治疗疾病。脂肪的病因有哪些？
\n为何吃得少也得脂肪肝？
\n很多人认为脂肪肝由肥胖引起，少吃就应有效预防疾病。其实并非如此，肥胖虽然是脂肪肝的病因之一，但营养不良也是脂肪的病因之一。对于吃得少，营养不良也会致脂肪肝，很多人不解。为何吃得少也得脂肪肝？吃得少，机体摄入的葡萄糖量不足以满足机体的需求，机体不得不调动脂肪转化为葡萄糖，以满足自身需求。而脂肪在转化为葡萄糖必须经肝脏，这样肝脏内的脂肪就会增多，若不能及时转化为葡萄糖就会导致肝内蓄积脂肪过多而诱发疾病。另外，吃得少会导致蛋白质、矿物质摄入不足，机体代谢异常，只能通过不断转化物质来满足自身需求。这样会引起代谢紊乱，让脂肪沉积在肝脏内，形成脂肪肝。为了自身健康，应注意个人饮食，不要饥饱无常，不要不吃早餐，不要吃甜食，不吃主食等。
\n脂肪肝的病因有哪些？
\n脂肪肝的病因还有很多，比如快速减肥，脂肪分解大量增加；长期酗酒，脂肪浸润；患糖尿病，血浆脂肪酸高；服用四环素等对身体有害的药物，抑制蛋白质合成；妊娠期患脂肪肝；患肺炎、败血症、病毒性肝炎等疾病。高热量饮食、高糖饮食也是脂肪肝的诱因之一，为了自身健康，饮食应以清淡为主，不要经常吃肥腻煎炸高脂高油食物。
\n脂肪肝的病因有哪些，相信大家已经有所了解。如有相关疑问，欢迎咨询专业医院的医生，医生会根据多年临床经验告知答案。祝患者早日恢复健康，治愈疾病。
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肝硬化的原因非常复杂，引起肝硬化的病因很多其病理改变及临床表现也有差异。但我国较常见的肝硬化有如下几种：
\n肝硬化的罪魁祸首
\n肝炎病毒
\n即病毒性肝炎后的肝硬化。我国的肝硬化最多见的就是慢性乙肝引起的肝硬化，当然，丙型肝炎、丁型肝炎也可引起肝硬化，但甲型肝炎、戊型肝炎一般不引起肝硬化。在我国的肝硬化中，由肝炎病毒引起者占40%～50%
\n酒精
\n即大量饮酒引起的酒精性肝硬化，长期大量饮酒可导致肝损伤，主要是肝脏的脂肪变性，它可进一步发展为酒精性脂肪性肝硬化，我国此病正在增加。
\n非酒精性脂肪肝
\n营养过剩和各种原因导致的营养不良性脂肪肝，使大量的脂肪在体内堆积，发生脂肪肝，可进一步发展为脂肪性肝炎和非酒精性脂肪性肝硬化。
\n药物性肝硬化
\n用药过程中导致的肝脏损害，可致药物性肝硬化。药物性肝硬化，重点在于预防，预防早期的药物性损伤。
\n自免疫性肝硬化
\n人体的自身免疫力从中医上来讲就是指人体的正气，当人体正气不足时，对湿热毒邪的抵抗能力将会变弱，也无法通过正常的代谢将毒邪从人体中排除，如果不能加强人体正气，这种自身免疫性的肝病极易发展为自身免疫性肝硬化。自身免疫性肝病导致的肝硬化（如原发性胆汁性肝硬化等）已不再是罕见疾病。
\n隐源性肝硬化
\n据临床观察分析，发现隐源性肝硬化可能与脂肪肝，或肝脏的先天性的某种酶系的缺乏有关。隐源性肝硬化常出现的症状有嗜睡、不适、肝腹水（肝硬化腹水）、脾脏变大、脾功能亢进、食管静脉曲张、出血等，也经常会出现蜘蛛痣、腹壁静脉曲张。肝硬化是由于不同原因导致的肝脏损害，而隐源性肝硬化也不例外，所以治疗这种肝硬化必须从病源出发。
\n遗传代谢性肝硬化
\n由各种不同遗传性代谢障碍引起的肝硬化，如血色病的铁代谢障碍、肝豆状核变性的铜代谢障碍等，均可导致肝硬化；此类肝硬化多发生于儿童。
\n血吸虫病性肝硬化
\n血吸虫病病理变化是虫卵引起的病变，由于成虫、虫卵及机体的免疫反应的相互作用的结果，形成了一个复杂的病理状态。由于反复感染和大量虫卵沉着肝内，逐渐形成肝硬化。
\n吃这几种食物可预防肝硬化
\n西红柿
\n西红柿是我们生活中经常吃的食物，不仅美味而且营价值是非常丰富的，适当的食用能有效预防肝硬化的发生。茄科植物，性平，味酸微甘，富含蛋白质、脂肪、无机盐、烟酸、维生素c、维生素b1、维生素b2及胡萝卜素。具有清热解毒、凉血平肝之功效，生熟食用均可。
\n黄瓜
\n性寒、味甘，含戊糖、维生素b1、维生素b2、烟酸、蛋白质。黄瓜的纤维非常细，可促进肠道毒素排泄和降胆固醇，并且含有的丙醇二酸可以抑制糖类物质转化为脂肪，对于脂肪肝有一定的防治作用。
\n空心菜
\n又名蕹菜，性甘、平，含蛋白、脂肪、无机盐、烟酸、胡萝卜素等，具有解毒、清热凉血等作用。
\n海藻
\n性寒、味咸，含大量碘、藻酸、维生素、蛋白和脂肪等。具有化痰散结之功效。据研究其提取物能较好地抑制血小板凝集和脂质氧化以及抗溃疡。
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对于肝硬化的患者来说及早发现病情是非常重要的，我们要想早点发现肝硬化疾病的话就应该对其发病初期的症状有所了解，我国是肝硬化这种疾病的高发地区，肝硬化通常是因为乙肝患者没有及时治疗导致病情加重，从而转变为肝硬化，很多人对乙肝的知识是有一定的了解的，但是对肝硬化却显得茫然无助，下面就是肝硬化在早期时的具体症状。
\n我国是乙型肝炎病毒感染和乙型肝炎的高发地区。由病毒性肝炎导致肝硬化最普遍，其中重点是乙肝患者朋友后的肝硬化。在国外，尤其是欧美国家则以酒精中毒引起的酒精性肝硬化患者最普遍。
\n通常成人患乙型肝炎，病人经过休息、适度增强营养、辅助中西保肝药治疗，90%可以根治，仅有10%病人变为慢性肝病。在这10%的慢性肝病中，其中20%可能发展为肝硬化，1%左右发展为肝癌。因此患乙肝后，大多数是可以治好的。所以，不必紧张与惊慌。
\n慢性肝病必须通过肝纤维化，才能发展为早期肝硬化。
\n怎样发现早期肝硬化?
\n早期肝硬化症状表现不明显，就会无症状或仅有轻微的症状，如乏力、食欲差、消化不良、恶心、呕吐、右上腹痛、腹泻等。这些症状无特征性，通常胃肠道疾病均会有，并不是早期肝硬化所特有，所以单纯靠症状很难早期发现。早期肝硬化在体检时，肝脏常肿大，少数乙肝患者脾脏肿大，可见蜘蛛痣和肝掌。化验乙肝五项多在正常范围或轻度异常，比较突出的是蛋白方面的变化，如白蛋白降低，球蛋白升高，白、球蛋白比例接近甚至倒置。
\n那么，还有什么检验能看到早期肝硬化呢?
\n1、最理想的金指标是给病人作一次肝穿刺活组织病理检查。采用1秒钟穿刺法，采取微量的肝组织在显微镜下检验，了解肝脏有无纤维化及结缔组织形成。
\n2、做B超查检。在早期肝硬化时，能看到肝肿大，肝回声显现加强、增粗。一旦发展到晚期，门静脉内径增宽大于13毫米，脾静脉增宽大于8毫米，脾增厚，肝缩小，肝表面不光滑，高低不平，常伴有腹水。
\n3、取血检验4项纤维化的血清学指标。透明质酸(HA)、层粘连蛋白(LN)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PⅢP)、Ⅳ型胶原(CⅣ)。其中2～3项有显著增高，可考虑早期肝硬化。
\n早期肝硬化的治疗
\n1、适度注意休息不要过度操劳，可参加一般轻工作。
\n2、饮食以高热量、高蛋白质粉饮食为主，多吃含有丰富维生素(新鲜蔬菜与水果)而易消化的食品，别吃过硬而粗糙的食品，禁忌饮酒，勿用损伤肝脏的药物。
\n3、药物治疗在专科医生嘱咐下，采用保护肝脏的中西药物治疗，以改善肝功能。利用抗纤维化治疗，如抗纤丸、复方鳖甲软肝片、γ-干扰素，有抗纤维化作用。若病人体内乙肝病毒复制指标阳性(如HBV-DNA阳性，HBeAg阳性)可采用核苷类抗病毒药物贺普丁(拉米夫定)。但是，切忌服药过多，要不然会加重肝脏负担，对肝病恢复不利。
\n我们都知道肝硬化要是不及时治疗的话会给我们的生命带来威胁的，肝硬化对生活方方面面的影响还是很广泛的，这位大家的日常生活造成了非常大的不便利之处，甚至这种疾病加重后还有可能造成肝癌，因此对早期时症状了解后才能够确保对自己是否患上了肝硬化有防范。
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很多人当他们得知自己换了肝硬化了以后总是会非常担心，不知道应该如果去做，其实肝硬化要是在早期的时候发现并及时的治疗的话还是可以控制住病情的，对于肝硬化疾病的出现大家并不是特别的少见了吧，肝硬化疾病的发生严重的危害了患者朋友们的健康肝脏，为此我们大家对于这个疾病一定要及时的去进行治疗，那么早期肝硬化患者治疗注意事项是什么样的呢？
\n早期肝硬化患者治疗注意事项
\n1、早期肝硬化患者要积极治疗，配合医生用药、检查，让自己早日摆脱疾病困扰。研究表明，早期肝硬化是可以缓解甚至可以逆转的。早期的肝硬化要看是什么原因导致，积极治疗，是可以控制病情发展的，关键是早期肝硬化要力争早发现、早治疗。当肝脏病变尚处于纤维化阶段，通过积极治疗，病情可以逆转，有可能恢复。
\n2、只要有肝方面的疾病，不管是肝炎、脂肪肝、肝硬化、肝癌，首先必须远离的就是“酒”，因为酒精主要靠肝脏代谢，而当肝细胞已经受损，对酒精的代谢能力极低，喝酒容易造成使肝功能恶化。肝硬化的患者因为他们的胆汁排出量不足，影响脂肪类食物及脂溶性维他命的吸收，所以消化能力较差，因此油腻、油炸、发酵的食物及腌制品如香肠、腊肉等比较好少吃为妙;同时比较好能采取少量多餐的原则，以减轻肝胆的负荷。
\n3、肝硬化患者在挑选食物应该建立正确观念，可以少油脂，但是醣类的淀粉摄取不可缺少，但也不能过多。多吃一些容易消化的蛋白质食品，如深海鱼类、低脂牛奶、蛋白、豆腐等都是不错的选择。
\n对于肝硬化病人来说，饮食是非常重要的。若肝硬化患者伴有食管静脉曲张，日常的食物一定要煮烂，不要食用过于粗糙或坚硬的食物。比如带刺的鱼肉、带骨的肌肉等，防止刺、骨等刮伤静脉，引起大出血。在食欲下降，或者呕吐、腹泻时，要及时补钾，如饮用鲜黄瓜汁、苹果汁等，避免发生低钾性碱中毒而导致肝性脑病。
\n4、此外，患者要注意不要大量进食动物蛋白。因为动物蛋白的代谢产物含有较多的芳香氨基酸，这类氨基酸可以在肝硬化时抑制脑神经传导而诱发肝昏迷。避免进食高蛋白饮食，不要使人体肠道内的产氨骤增。可进食香蕉等水果，保持大便通畅，每日1-2次，始终保持肠道内产氨的及时清除。
\n5、肝硬化患者还要注意不能乱用药物。患者要尽量避免使用镇静安眠类的药物，否则会直接导致患者出现肝昏迷。肝硬化患者还可以适当补充维生素和益生菌，如维生素C、维生素B2、维生素K和嗜酸乳杆菌等，稳定机体内环境。
\n现在大家是否对于早期肝硬化患者治疗注意事项是什么的问题都已经了解了吧，肝硬化疾病的发生给患者朋友们的健康生活及身体，都造成了不可挽回的危害性，为此大家对于这个疾病一定要及时治疗。
\n0
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很多人不知道在肝硬化出现了以后应该要怎么做，其实我们应该要知道肝硬化的护理工作是非常重要的，这关系到了患者的康复情况，肝硬化疾病的发生多种多样，治疗的方法更是多种多样，不同的治疗方法都有不同的护理方法，肝硬化疾病的护理是非常的重要的，如果没有良好的护理，病情很可能就会加重，下面我来为大家介绍一下肝硬化的护理方法都有哪些吧。
\n肝硬化都有哪些护理方法
\n1、肝硬化护理的具体方法：充足的睡眠能保证机体内环境的调节，使肝硬化患者充分休息，避免疲劳，提高抗病能力，保证其有8 h以上睡眠，饭后卧床休息1~2 h。
\n2、肝硬化护理的具体方法：每日用温水淋浴1次，避免使用对皮肤有剌激性的皂类或淋浴液，保持其皮肤清洁，衣着柔软宽大，床铺平整洁净，定时更换体位，皮肤瘙痒者给予止痒处理，嘱患者勿用手抓搔，以免皮肤破损和继发感染。
\n3、肝硬化护理的具体方法：协助卧床的患者更换卧位，并避免长时间保持一个体位，侧卧时在肘下、膝下垫1个软枕，增加舒适度。大量腹水的患者取半卧位，减轻因腹水过多引起的膈肌上升导致的呼吸困难和心悸;抬高肢体，有利于静脉回流，减轻水肿。
\n4、肝硬化护理的具体方法：动静结合：适度锻炼可促进正常代谢，增加食欲，提高抗病能力，代偿期患者建议可使其参加轻工作，但避免过度疲劳，失代偿期则以卧床休息为主。同时患者过多的躺卧易引起消化不良及情绪不佳，故应适当活动，活动量以不感疲劳，不加重症状为度。
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