{"countAll":0,"orderType":null,"readLevel":"0","lyTopicReq":{"id":"1800","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":null,"content":null,"barId":"1800","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":null,"clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},"lyBarModerators":{"list":[],"list4Map":null,"pageBegin":0,"pageSize":8,"pageNumber":0,"totalPage":0,"totalRow":0},"metaSearch":{"description":"为您提供:马蹄足外翻症状_足畸形的症状_马蹄足的症状等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"马蹄足外翻症状_足畸形的症状_马蹄足的症状","title":"马蹄足外翻症状_足畸形的症状_马蹄足的症状","channels":null},"data":{"list":[{"id":"12136","isDel":0,"createAt":1517555675393,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"专家为您介绍先天性足畸形有哪些表现","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">当今社会工业化进程很快，但是大气污染越来越严重，特别是一些先天性婴幼儿疾病表现较突出，也有小儿骨科常见疾病之一的先天性足畸形病发率很高，那么<strong>先天性足畸形有哪些</strong>表现</span>?具体病因有哪些？找良医网带大家一起了解一下。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1517556241853.jpg\" title=\"专家为您介绍先天性足畸形有哪些表现\" alt=\"专家为您介绍先天性足畸形有哪些表现\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">扁平足是指足弓消失。足弓是由足骨、韧带肌肉共同促成的，正常时有横弓和纵弓。体内足部的小骨搭积成拱形而形成足弓。当人体站立、行走和受到压力时，足部也不是都有负重的，以跖骨和足跟主要负重，足弓常悬空以缓冲震荡，维护大脑和内脏，并且促使人具有很好的弹跳性。若产生足弓的结构发育不良或者由于各种伤害，足弓消失即形成扁平足。也带有遗传性。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">锤状足横弓过度松弛所导致。好发于除拇趾外的其余</span>4趾，多发于第2趾，可累及足趾的3个关节即跖趾关节、近侧趾间关节、远侧趾间关节。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">仰趾足也叫作跟足、跟行足。常见于腓肠肌及比目鱼肌瘫痪和先天畸形所导致，站立、行走、负重时以足跟着地，足尖上举，踝关节背屈是非常明显的。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">外翻足是由于胫骨前后肌瘫痪所导致，与内翻足形状正好相反，既能以足内侧着地和负重，内侧足弓有时下陷。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">5、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">马蹄足也称下垂足、尖足。或是胫前肌瘫痪导致。在站立时既能以前足着地，踝关节过度跖屈，足跟无法负重着地，患足跟腱挛缩变短。马蹄足和内翻足常可以一起存在。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">6、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">弓形足的纵弓往往高于平常，足弓测量时角度下降。并且没有不适感。是导致足内在肌与外在肌受力不平衡导致。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">7、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">内翻足因为腓骨长短肌瘫痪导致行走和站立时既能以足外侧负重和着地，脚向内侧翻倾，跟腱也向内侧偏斜。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">现在都了解先天性足畸形有哪些症状了吧，随着小孩年龄的增大，若没有及时到正规医院进行全方位的疗效，畸形的症状会越来越严重，而且会影响孩子的一生。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1800","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1642,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1517555675397,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1517555675397,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1508461864166,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"梅油油","password":"kongbaige113","level":0,"nickName":"梅油油","realName":null,"signName":"。。。。。","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1508466006878.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"541586403@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":5,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":2,"provinceId":"140000","cityId":"140800","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"11967","isDel":0,"createAt":1517282205136,"createBy":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"海绵宝宝","updateAt":1517312751887,"updateBy":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"海绵宝宝","userId":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"专家向您解答胎儿先天畸形有哪些症状表现","content":"<p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">闺蜜结婚五年了，一直想要孩子，但是由于工作的原因，一直没怀上，但是最近听说怀上了，已经五个月的时候去医院做检查，医生怀疑</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">胎儿</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">有先天</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">畸形</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">。闺蜜想了解</span><strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">胎儿先天畸形</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">有哪些症状表现</span></strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">？</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1517283030605.jpg\" title=\"1517283030605.jpg\" alt=\"timg.jpg\"/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">a.</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">整胚发育畸形：</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">由于</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">严重遗传缺陷引起，</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">大多数都</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">不能形成完整的胚胎，早期死亡吸收或自然流产。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">b.</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">胚胎局部发育畸形：由胚胎局部发育紊乱引起，涉及范围并非一个器官，而是多个器官。例如头面发育不全、并肢畸形等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">c.</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">器官和器官局部畸形：由某一器官不发生或发育不全所致，例如双侧或单侧肺不发生、室间隔膜部缺损等。</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">造成的</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">器官和器官局部畸形</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">d.</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">组织分化不良性畸形：这类畸形的发生时间较晚且肉眼不易识别。例如骨发育不全、克汀病等。</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">只有拍片子的时候才能看的清楚。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">e.</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">发育过度性畸形：由器官或器官的一部分增生过度</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">所导致的</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">，例如在房间隔形成期间第二隔生长过度而引起的卵圆孔闭合或狭窄、多指</span>(趾)畸形等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">e.</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">吸收不全性畸形：在胚胎发育过程中，有些结构全部吸收或部分吸收，如果</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">在发育过程中</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">吸收不全，就会出现畸形。例如蹼状指</span>(趾)、食管闭锁等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">以上便是您要知道的</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">胎儿先天畸形</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">有哪些症状表现？如果您还想了解其他的请您继续关注我们的网站阅读我们的文章。祝您身体健康！</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1800","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1551,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1517282205138,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1517282205138,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1507776522121,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"海绵宝宝","password":"hgs1990623110","level":0,"nickName":"张宝宝","realName":null,"signName":"找良医网","head":null,"phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"573253266@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":5,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":2,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110114","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"1144","isDel":0,"createAt":1488509805993,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"扁平足常见的症状有哪些","content":"<p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\"><img title=\"1488509992339.jpg\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1488509992339.jpg\" alt=\"timg.jpg\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">扁平足属于先天性畸形疾病，此病不仅让患者走路疼痛，而且还会让患者出现步态异常的情况，病情严重时甚至会造成平足畸形，因此对于扁平足我们需要做到早发现和早调整，这样才能避免影响患者一生。然而由于很多人对于扁平足的早期症状不重视，结果导致错过疾病最佳治疗时期，所以在此专家建议大家，只有尽早发现扁平足的临床症状，这样才能尽快调整。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">扁平足常见的6大症状</span></strong></p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">、疼痛&ldquo;通常位于足底内侧（后足后内侧疼痛），且于长期站立或行走后加剧，且常可以出现进行性加重的现象。偶尔疼痛也可位于踝关节外侧外踝附近。这是由于足弓塌陷造成后足外翻，继而腓骨与跟骨相撞击的结果。</span></p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">、肿胀：疼痛关节外肿胀，以足舟骨结节处为甚。</span></p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">、步态异常：患足疼痛及足弓塌陷可造成跑步甚至行走能力下降，步态异常，如外八字步态。</span></p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">4</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">、疼痛及异常的步态：可对身体的其他关节造成影响，如因患足的过度外翻及内旋，造成膝关节代偿性外翻及髋关节代偿性外旋等，继而可能引发膝、髋、下背等部位的疼痛和关节炎。个别平足的患者可能以下背痛为惟一的症状。</span></p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">5</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">、严重的平足畸形：可见足踝部其他关节受累，如距下关节和跗横关节的柔韧性降低甚至僵硬。</span></p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">6</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">、平足症：可同时伴发有跖筋膜炎、跗骨窦综合征等。</span></p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">然而由于目前治疗扁平足没有什么特效方法，所以只能依靠平时锻炼来进行校正，那么扁平足患者平时应该怎样进行校正呢？今天我们就一起来了解看看吧。</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1800","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1641,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1488509805995,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1488509805993,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1486775274108,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"13911686944","password":"000000","level":0,"nickName":"赵金亮","realName":null,"signName":"c","head":null,"phone":"13911686944","mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":null,"address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":1,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"1038","isDel":0,"createAt":1488508936299,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"什么是先天性足畸形","content":"<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img title=\"1488509449505.jpg\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1488509449505.jpg\" alt=\"timg.jpg\" width=\"385\" height=\"267\" /></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: auto; margin-bottom: auto; text-align: left; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">&nbsp;&nbsp; 先天性足畸形是指足部形态或结构的异常，正常人足部形状是由相对称的外在肌和内在肌维持其平衡，一些先天性或疾病性原因可以造成足部畸形。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: auto; margin-bottom: auto; text-align: left; line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">分型</span></strong></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: auto; margin-bottom: auto; text-align: left; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">&nbsp;&nbsp; 先天性趾异常：如多趾、并趾、巨趾等。 先天性足异常：如足内翻、下垂内翻足、先天性垂直距骨等。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: auto; margin-bottom: auto; text-align: left; line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">临床表现</span></strong></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: auto; margin-bottom: auto; text-align: left; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">&nbsp;&nbsp; 内翻足：由于腓骨长短肌瘫痪引起行走和站立时仅能以足外侧负重和着地，脚向内侧翻倾，跟腱也向内侧偏斜。 <br /></span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: auto; margin-bottom: auto; text-align: left; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">&nbsp;&nbsp; 马蹄足：又称下垂足、尖足。由于胫前肌瘫痪造成。在站立时仅能以前足着地，踝关节过度跖屈，足跟不能负重着地，患足跟腱挛缩变短。马蹄足和内翻足常同时存在。 <br /></span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: auto; margin-bottom: auto; text-align: left; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">&nbsp;&nbsp; 外翻足：由于胫骨前后肌瘫痪引起，与内翻足形状相反，仅能以足内侧着地和负重，内侧足弓往往下陷。 <br /></span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: auto; margin-bottom: auto; text-align: left; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">&nbsp;&nbsp; 仰趾足：也称为跟足、跟行足。多见于腓肠肌及比目鱼肌瘫痪和先天畸形所致，站立、行走、负重时以足跟着地，足尖上举，踝关节背屈明显。 <br /></span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: auto; margin-bottom: auto; text-align: left; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">&nbsp;&nbsp; 弓形足：足的纵弓明显高于正常，足弓测量时角度减少。并无不适感。是由于足内在肌与外在肌受力不均衡引起。 锤状足：足横弓过度松弛所致。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <br /></span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: auto; margin-bottom: auto; text-align: left; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">&nbsp;&nbsp; 扁平足：扁平足是指足弓消失。足弓是由足骨、韧带肌肉共同构成的，正常时有横弓和纵弓。人体足部的小骨搭积成拱形而成为足弓。当人体站立、行走和负重时，足部不是全部负重的，以跖骨和足跟主要负重，足弓常悬空以缓冲震荡，保护大脑和内脏，并使人具有很好的弹跳性。如果形成足弓的结构发育不良或是由于各种损伤，足弓消失即形成扁平足。有的有遗传性。有的扁平足没有不适感，有的则会出现疼痛，影响行走。 此外，各种外伤造成足部瘢痕挛缩也可导致足部变形。 <br /></span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: auto; margin-bottom: auto; text-align: left; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">&nbsp;&nbsp; 先天性马蹄内翻足是一种常见的儿童骨科先天畸形，其发病率为1／1000，男孩为女孩的2倍，单侧稍多于双侧。其发病与骨骼、肌肉、神经及遗传等因素有关。出生后即出现单足或双足马蹄内翻畸形，即足跟小、足跟内翻、前足内收内翻，各足趾向内侧偏斜，此外常合并小腿内旋畸形。随着年龄的增大，畸形逐渐加重。尤其在负重行走后，由于足背外侧缘着地，常出现局部胼胝。先天性马蹄内翻足应早期治疗，原则上松软型以保守治疗为主，一般生后1个月开始治疗。绝大多数儿童骨科医生认为，保守治疗的畸形矫正复发率约为40%&mdash;80%。虽然保守治疗的畸形复发率较高，但它却是手术前的重要准备过程。手术前在儿童骨科医师指导下的手法按摩或阶段性矫形石膏固定至关重要。因手法矫形或石膏矫形能使足部挛缩之肌腱、韧带、关节囊等软组织得到充分牵伸，足后内侧皮肤亦得到充分扩张，减少了术后畸形复发和切口皮肤坏死、感染的机会；同时也能减少因错误的或不正确的手法按摩或矫形石膏固定所形成的&Prime;摇椅底&Prime;畸形，而这种畸形的治疗比先天性马蹄内翻足畸形更难。保守治疗常采用轻柔的手法，使膝关节屈曲，一手握住足跟，另一手前推向外，矫正前足内收，然后握住足跟使之外翻，最后以手掌托住足底背伸，矫正马蹄，每天要坚持多次手法。 生后一个月进行石膏疗法，每1～2周换一次石膏，一般需半年至1年之久，要注意石膏护理。如畸形仍无好转，则手术治疗。僵硬型以手术治疗为主，通常于生后6个月开始治疗，术后石膏固定3个月，去掉石膏后，白天穿矫形鞋，夜间用支架保护1～2年，坚持随访看儿童骨科医生直至术后约2年，这是防止畸形复发的重要保证。若能坚持治疗，均能够得到满意疗效。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: auto; margin-bottom: auto; text-align: left; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 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