{"countAll":0,"orderType":null,"readLevel":"0","lyTopicReq":{"id":"1839","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":null,"content":null,"barId":"1839","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1013","readLevel":0,"files":null,"clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},"lyBarModerators":{"list":[],"list4Map":null,"pageBegin":0,"pageSize":8,"pageNumber":0,"totalPage":0,"totalRow":0},"metaSearch":{"description":"","keywords":"肿瘤科","title":"肿瘤科","channels":null},"data":{"list":[{"id":"4886","isDel":0,"createAt":1496265845083,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":" 阿司匹林抗癌作用：“血小板”理论再被证实！","content":"

       近年来，揭示阿司匹林抗癌作用的研究比比皆是。虽然阿司匹林被美国预防服务工作组（Preventive Services Task Force）用以帮助预防结直肠癌，但仍未成为任何癌症主流治疗的一部分。

 

       研究人员一直很困惑这一“神药”究竟是如何抗癌的。大多数人认为，这与阿司匹林降低炎症的作用相关。日前，发表在Cancer Prevention Research杂志上题为“Unlocking Aspirin's Chemopreventive Activity: Role of Irreversibly Inhibiting Platelet Cyclooxygenase-1”的研究中，来自德克萨斯大学的科学家们提出了一个新理论，并在小鼠和细胞培养实验中成功进行了测试。

 

       研究者认为，阿司匹林的抗癌作用与血小板有关。据介绍，除了凝血，血小板在新血管的形成中也发挥着作用。这一作用通常是有益的，如当受伤后形成了新的凝块，需要新生血管来调节血液流动。但是，相同的作用也会帮助肿瘤生长。该研究发现，阿司匹林通过关闭COX-1酶，控制循环血小板的数量和它们的活性水平，从而阻断血小板与癌细胞的相互作用。

 

       研究中，科学家小组使用了两种版本的阿司匹林：从当地药店购买的普通阿司匹林以及结合了磷脂酰胆碱（phosphatidylcholine）特制版阿司匹林。结果发现，特制版的阿司匹林复合物比普通阿司匹林抗癌活性更强。

 

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       该研究结论称，这一成果表明，阿司匹林的化学预防作用可能部分是因为该药阻断了血小板的促瘤作用。研究小组称，他们计划与MD安德森癌症中心的研究人员合作，在高风险结直肠癌人群中测试阿司匹林复合物的安全性和有效性。

 

另一项提出“血小板理论”的研究

 

    事实上，去年11月30日，发表在American Journal of Physiology - Cell Physiology上的一项研究也提出了阿司匹林抗癌的血小板理论。科学家将激活的血小板与3组癌细胞混合。这3组癌细胞分别是转移性结肠癌细胞、非转移性结肠癌细胞以及非转移性胰腺癌细胞。当将阿司匹林添加到混合物中，他们发现，血小板不再能够刺激胰腺癌细胞和非转移性结肠癌细胞的生长和增殖。

 

       研究人员表示，这一研究揭示了高剂量和低剂量阿司匹林对不同肿瘤起源的转移性和非转移性癌细胞作用机制的重要差异和特异性。在胰腺癌细胞中，低剂量的阿司匹林就能够阻止血小板释放生长因子，阻碍癌蛋白信号。但只有非常高剂量的阿司匹林才能够有效阻止转移性结肠癌细胞的生长。


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