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大学生小闫在宿舍里拖完地洗拖把时，因旋转拖把上端的塑料手柄断裂，使里面的钢管裸露，小闫在给拖把快速旋转脱水时，右手手掌被裸露的钢管割伤，里面的肌腱和血管全部被割断。被送进医院后，医生在显微镜下用了两个小时，才将断开的肌腱和血管重新缝在一起。
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关于此事，且看网友如何评论：
\n程宇默默：我是做这个产品的，我知道、越厚不现实，主要还是拖把公司没有设计好，头上塑料扣用打孔卡死就不会出现这个情况，主要是拖把公司嫌费神费力吧
\n耐力不存在gyy：我老公前几年帮我拖地的时候也是把套脱落，往回拉拖把的时候一下杵到膝盖上了，血哗哗的流，骨膜都被磕掉一块，缝了好几针，现在阴天的时候膝盖就算疼，我的腿也被划破过，现在还有疤，这真的挺坑人的，还是要合理设计一下，避免更多人受伤。
\n鹊鸦：这个应该属出厂质量把关 总不能什么都便宜没好货 用个家用工具都提心吊胆
\n墨沫的摩尔之恋：我同事之前扫地的时候也被划过～流了好多血呢～
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身体被划破的家庭应急处理方法。
\n1、如伤口不大不深，出血不多，伤口干净，可用酒精消毒伤口周围，不要将消毒液弄进伤口内，待干后用消毒纱布覆盖包扎，或用创可贴粘贴。
\n2、如果伤口切缘整齐并且干净，长度在2厘米之内，深度不超过1厘米，或虽不干净，但经过消毒处理后，在受伤后8小时内，可用创可贴或止血消炎贴粘合，使伤口合拢，促使其愈合。
\n3、如无创可贴，也可用胶布覆盖伤口。但伤口切忌直接接触胶布。可在伤口上涂以消炎药等敷料，或衬以小块消毒纱布。
\n4、为了防止感染，可以服些消炎药，如麦迪霉素每次0.2g，每日4次;或复方新诺明2片，每日2次。
\n5、若伤口较深，接触泥土或脏物，还须速去医院注射破伤风抗毒素。
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病因以先天性发育畸形为常见，可与扁平颅底(颅前窝底与斜坡构成的颅底，角>145度)、环枢椎畸形、小脑扁桃体下疝等合并存在。
很多疾病是怎么出现的，都有什么症状我们都还不是很了解，如果对疾病有一定了解会减少身体的伤害。相信很多人都听过神经损伤，但对于具体神经损伤形成原因以及症状等问题都不了解，因为对神经损伤形成原因不了解，也导致了很多人不注意，容易患上此病，这里就给大家具体介绍一下神经损伤形成原因，看看哪些原因会导致神经损伤的发生。
\n神经损伤形成原因：
\n1.牵拉伤 最常见，大部分是手臂被卷入机器所致。
\n2.挤压伤 以前臂部骨折或疤痕挛缩为主，常伴严重广泛软组织损伤。
\n3.切割伤 日常生活或工作中发生的玻璃割伤，或在前臂手术时误伤。
\n4.弹伤或药物误注入神经干内致伤 与上述损伤相比较，这两类损伤病例较少。
\n5.缺血性挛缩亦常合并正中神经伤。
\n神经损伤的种类：
\n1.桡神经损伤: 桡神经损伤为全身诸神经中最易受损伤者，常并发于肱骨中段骨折。主要表现为伸腕力消失，而“垂腕”为一典型病症;拇外展及指伸展力消失;手背第一，二掌骨间感觉完全消失。
\n2.腋神经损伤：运动障碍,肩关节外展幅度减小。三角肌区皮肤感觉障碍。角肌萎缩，肩部失去圆形隆起的外观，肩峰突出，形成“方形肩”。
\n3.肌皮神经损伤: 肌皮神经自外侧束发出后，斜穿喙肱肌，经肱二头肌和肱肌之间下行，并发出分支支配上述三肌。终支在肘关节稍上方的外侧，穿出臂部深筋膜，改名为前臂外侧皮神经，分布于前臂外侧皮肤。肌皮神经受伤后肱二头肌、肱肌及前臂外侧的皮肤感觉障碍。
\n4.正中神经损伤: 第一、二、三指屈曲机能丧失;拇对掌运动丧失;大鱼际肌萎缩，出现猿掌畸形;食指、中指末节感觉消失。
\n对于神经损伤，大家一定要知道，这种疾病的危害是巨大的，一定要给予重视。想要正确的治疗这种疾病，一定要积极的把握神经损伤形成原因，对因治疗才能取得好的效果，避免疾病给患者带来不良伤害。
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颅底骨折大多为颅盖和颅底的联合骨折，绝大多数为线形骨折。
一、疾病介绍：
1、颅底骨折是颅骨骨折的一种类型。颅底由前至后分为颅前窝、颅中窝和颅后窝。
2、颅前窝骨折瘀斑的部位在上、下眼睑及眼结合膜下，可伴有鼻漏;颅中窝骨折瘀斑部位在乳突区，可伴有耳漏;颅后窝骨折瘀斑部位在乳突区和咽后壁，无脑脊液漏。
3、颅底骨折常因出现脑脊液漏而确诊，脑脊液漏处理不当可导致颅内感染。
4、如何明确有脑脊液外漏呢?可将漏出液滴于吸水纸上，如在血迹外有较宽的淡黄色浸渍圈，并且被gsf(脑脊液)浸湿的手帕，没有干后变硬的现象，即可确认有gsf外漏；或在医院查白细胞计数与周围血液比较是否被稀释以明确诊断；同时您应注意是否经常有腥味液体流至咽部。
5、颅底骨折一般不需手术。但维持特定的体位，藉重力作用使脑组织移向硬脑膜裂缝处，有助于使局部粘连而封闭漏口。前窝骨折且神志清楚者给予半坐位，昏迷者抬高床头30度，患侧卧位；中、后窝骨折者卧于患侧。维持特定体位至停止漏液后三日。
6、 gsf外漏属隐性开放骨折，防止颅内感染至关重要。严禁从鼻腔吸痰或留置胃管，禁止作耳、鼻滴药、冲洗和填塞。
颅裂为先天性颅骨缺损，分隐性和显性两类。隐性颅裂为单纯颅骨缺损，极少见。显性颅裂则有颅内容物自颅骨缺损处呈囊性膨出，又称为囊性颅裂，较常见。颅裂多发于颅骨中线。在颅盖者多见于枕部，少数见于额部、顶部。在颅底者多发于鼻根部，少数见于鼻腔、鼻咽腔或眼眶等处。根据膨出物不同，显性颅裂又分五类：①脑膜膨出(内容为脑膜、脑脊液)；②脑膨出(内容为脑膜、脑实质)；③脑膜脑膨出(内容为脑膜、脑实质、脑脊液)；④脑囊状膨出(内容为脑膜、脑实质、部分脑室)；⑤脑膜脑囊状膨出(内容为脑膜、脑实质、部分脑室及位于脑膜与实质之间的脑脊液)。
【诊断要点】
1．头部中线囊性肿物。多于出生时即存在，可逐渐增大。哭闹时触之可有冲动感。
2．透光试验可阳性或阴性，注意内容物之阴影。
3．肿物表面皮肤有否变薄、糜烂或形成溃疡。
4．头颅大小，特别测量乳突问顶半周，一般小于正常。
5．鼻根部囊性颅裂可有颜面畸形，如鼻根扁阔，眼距增宽，闭眼不全等。
6．身体及智力是否低于正常，有无神经症状。
7．颅骨x线片显示颅骨缺损。
8．ct或mri检查可予确诊。
【处理原则】
1．囊壁已溃破或有即将溃破可能者需急症处理。
2．无囊壁溃破可能者宜于出生后6个月至l岁间手术。目的是切除膨出物及其内容物，封闭颅裂缺口。
3．鼻腔或鼻咽腔部囊性颅裂堵塞呼吸道严重者应提早手术。
4．鼻根部囊性颅裂应于l岁后手术。先经颅内修补，3个月后再经颅外囊肿切除，可同时矫正鼻眼部畸形。亦可3岁一4岁后行第三期手术整容。鼻根部单纯脑膜膨出者可经颅外一次手术切除。但颅骨缺损较大者仍以先行颅内修补为宜。
5．顶盖部隐性颅裂，一般可不手术。
6．合并脑积水者应先做脑脊液分漉术，再做修补术。
【住院标准】
有手术指征者需住院治疗。
引起脑疝的原因是什么
\n颅内任何体积较大的占位病变引起颅腔内压力分布不均时都可引起脑疝。病变在幕上者引起小脑幕切迹疝，病变在幕下者引起枕骨大孔疝。引起脑疝的常见病变有：
\n1.损伤引起的各种颅内血肿，如急性硬脑膜外血肿、硬脑膜下血肿、脑内血肿等;
\n2.各种颅内肿瘤特别是位于一侧大脑半球的肿瘤和颅后窝肿瘤;
\n3.颅内脓肿;
\n4.颅内寄生虫病及其他各种慢性肉芽肿。在上述病变的基础上如再附加一些人为的因素，例如作腰椎穿刺释放过多的脑脊液，使颅腔与椎管之间、幕上分腔与幕下分腔之间的压力差增大，可促使脑疝的形成。这种由于医源性因素造成的脑疝，临床医师应予避免。
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