{"countAll":0,"orderType":null,"readLevel":"0","lyTopicReq":{"id":"1865","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":null,"content":null,"barId":"1865","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1022","readLevel":0,"files":null,"clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},"lyBarModerators":{"list":[],"list4Map":null,"pageBegin":0,"pageSize":8,"pageNumber":0,"totalPage":0,"totalRow":0},"metaSearch":{"description":"","keywords":"老年病科","title":"老年病科","channels":null},"data":{"list":[{"id":"5259","isDel":0,"createAt":1498461905869,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"骨质疏松的症状与患者宜吃食物","content":"

突显“老态龙钟”的弯曲脊背和蹒跚步履主要归因于骨的衰老，相同年龄的老人有的还能箭步如飞，有的只能拄着拐棍慢慢行走，甚至丧失自理能力，差那么骨质疏松的症状有哪些？骨质疏松症患者宜吃食物有哪些，怎么才能更好的预防呢？

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 \"骨质疏松的症状与患者宜吃食物\"

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骨质疏松初期，人会感到腰酸背痛、关节痛，进而会出现脊椎骨受压变扁，严重情况下骨骼会不堪一击，很容易发生骨折。手臂、大腿、肋骨、髋部等容易受到碰撞和负重多的部位更容易骨折。其中股骨颈骨折危害最大，有的老人可能因为并发症而死亡。骨质疏松严重影响老年人的生活质量，并可能缩短老人寿命。

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\"骨质疏松的症状与患者宜吃食物\"

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骨质疏松除与雌激素密切相关外，家族中有骨质疏松者，消化道功能不好而影响钙的吸收，钙的摄入不足，缺少体力劳动和运动，大量吸烟、饮酒，过早绝经，因病过早切除卵巢等也都是高危因素。

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为了尽早发现骨质疏松，绝经后应尽早接受骨量检查，了解骨质疏松的程度，预测骨折的危险性，以便尽早进行防治。骨量检测的方法有多种，如X线、放射性同位素、超声、血/尿检测等，都需要在正规医院进行。

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预防骨质疏松应从增加骨量和减少骨流失两方面入手。前者从儿童期就应该开始，首先注意从饮食中摄入足量的钙，其次要多做户外活动以增加钙的吸收，另外还要避免吸烟、嗜酒和偏食等不良习惯。减少骨丢失应在绝经后适量补充雌激素。

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\"骨质疏松的症状与患者宜吃食物\"

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防治骨质疏松的药物由骨科或妇科大夫帮您选择：

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\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
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类别

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药品名称

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说明

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\n

骨吸收抑制剂

\n		\n

雌激素类：

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倍美力、补佳乐、维尼安等

\n		\n

补充越早，效果越好（绝经后1－5年开始用），补充时间越长，预防骨折作用越大（用5－10年）。

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\n

降钙素类：

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密钙息、益钙宁等

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\n

双磷酸炎类：

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依膦、邦得林、根德、固邦、天可等

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钙剂

\n		\n

绝经后每日摄入量1000－1500mg，食补不足部分由钙剂补充，肾结石及高血钙者禁用。

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维生素D

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促进肠钙吸收

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\n

选择性雌激素受体调节剂：

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雷洛昔芬

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对骨及心血管起雌激素作用，对子宫和乳腺无影响。

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\n

骨形成刺激剂

\n		\n

氟：特乐定

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含雄激素活性：利维爱

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同时还具有雌、孕激素作用，可同时缓解更年期综合征症状及泌尿生殖道萎缩症状。

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\n

甲状旁腺素

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促进钙吸收

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\n

其他

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植物雌激素：大豆异黄酮

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\n

锶盐

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预防方法：

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骨质疏松已到骨折程度时，“亡羊补牢”已晚矣。预防才更有意义。

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富含钙的食物包括：牛奶、酸奶、豆腐、豆制品、蔬菜、水果、鱼、虾、贝类等。

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不要听信药店里“药托”的忽悠，检测骨量要到正规医院。

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 “药”是双刃剑，一定要在医生指导下使用。

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  当儿女成人，老爸老妈们又归入“二人世界”，尽管逢年过节儿女常回家看看是巨大的安慰和喜悦，但更多的日子里，是老两口相扶相依，因此老了更需要伴儿，子女关注老年人性生活也是关爱老人一部分。

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 \"老了更需要伴儿：关注老年人性生活\"

\n

  夫妻生活有三方面的内容：1、生儿育女，2、寻求性乐趣，3、相伴过日子。生儿育女的事属于年轻的夫妻，其实也并非必需。随着年龄的增长，寻求性乐趣的方式方法可以改变，但对性乐趣的要求和享受不应放弃。老年人的性交能力无疑是下降的，但这不等于性生活的终结。性交不是性生活的全部和唯一，关心、体贴、言语、接触、爱抚都会使彼此享受到伴儿的乐趣。如彼此相安，尽可随其自然。刻意去追求什么，轻信和滥用“催情”药具有时是危险的。俗话说，少来夫妻老来伴，相伴过日子的相伴更是夫妻一生一世的保留节目，戏越接近尾声就越应该精彩。要珍惜缘份，好好做伴，美满的婚姻给人一生幸福，和谐的夫妻生活给人带来健康长寿。有些老人七、八十岁还在闹分居、闹离婚，实在是令人啼笑皆非。这个“新潮”还是不赶为好，其实都没有什么原则的事，宽容些，糊涂些吧。

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    随着年龄的增长，丧偶老人也越来越多，而随着世俗观念逐渐被摒弃，对老年人再婚大多数人都是赞同的。老人丧偶后的孤独可导致心理变态及发生其他多种疾病，而再婚不但有益丧偶老人的身心健康，同时也减轻了子女和社会的负担。在这方面，老年女性的主动性比男性似乎差一些，应鼓励她们更勇敢地去选择自己的又一人生伴侣，更如愿地去安排自己的晚年生活。

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总结：

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  老年人也需要“性”，非性交性行为占据主要地位，但每对夫妻的性生活绝无一定之规。

\n

   珍爱老伴，共建和谐，携手共赴健康长寿之路。

\n

 

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\"老年人锻炼运动的益处及原则\"

\n

  尽管强身健体该从年轻时抓起，但只有退休后的老年人才真正有时间考虑并实施“生命在于运动”的健身计划。科学适宜的身体锻炼对老年人的健康是至关重要的。老年人锻炼运动的益处包括一下几方面：

\n

1、增强肢体活动能力，预防骨质疏松；

\n

2、增强心脏功能；

\n

3、加强血管弹性，缓解动脉硬化，防止高血压；

\n

4、减肥、降血脂；

\n

5、增大肺通气量；

\n

6、调节大脑皮质的功能；

\n

7、增强消化功能，保持大便通畅；

\n

8、促进泌尿，排除代谢废物；

\n

9、促进肾上腺皮质激素分泌，使个体生命力更旺盛。

\n

\"老年人锻炼运动的益处及原则\"

\n

老年人的运动原则：

\n

（1）持之以恒；

\n

（2）低强度；

\n

（3）选择自己了解并适合自身的运动项目；

\n

（4）选项不宜过多，且不要频繁更换；

\n

（5）循序渐进。

\n

\"老年人锻炼运动的益处及原则\"

\n

老年人适宜的活动项目有：

\n

散步、倒退步走、上下楼梯、原地慢跑、太极拳、游泳、骑自行车、划船、跳舞、种花种菜、唱歌、钓鱼、书法、画画等。

\n

长时间搓麻、打扑克有损健康：

\n

1）久坐导致痔疮、腰肌老损；

\n

2）情绪紧张、悲喜交加可诱发高血压、冠心病、脑溢血；

\n

3）生活不规律（饮食睡眠无规律）可导致神经衰弱及消化道疾病；

\n

4）室内空气污浊，牌友间接触可传染多种传染病。

\n

 

\n

 

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