{"countAll":0,"orderType":null,"readLevel":"0","lyTopicReq":{"id":"2513","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":null,"content":null,"barId":"2513","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":null,"clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},"lyBarModerators":{"list":[],"list4Map":null,"pageBegin":0,"pageSize":8,"pageNumber":0,"totalPage":0,"totalRow":0},"metaSearch":{"description":"为病友提供:疝气论坛_病友论坛_病友交流平台，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"疝气论坛_病友论坛_病友交流平台","title":"疝气论坛_病友论坛_病友交流平台","channels":null},"data":{"list":[{"id":"27921","isDel":0,"createAt":1573636615169,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"小儿疝气会遗传下一代吗","content":"

小儿疝气有没有遗传那一说啊？小儿疝气会遗传下一代吗？


","barId":"2513","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1683,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":1,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1573636615170,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1573636890169,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1507789271266,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"良药苦口","password":"zx13401068656","level":0,"nickName":"周良药","realName":null,"signName":"良药苦口利于病，忠言逆耳利于行！","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1516263139285.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"langlixunta@163.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110114","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"8776","isDel":0,"createAt":1512526059604,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"小儿疝气应做哪些检查项目","content":"

\"小儿疝气应做哪些检查项目\"

小儿疝气，主要好发于一岁以下的幼儿，由于孩子还小，也不懂得表达自己的感受，做家长的就需要为孩子观察好这一切，小儿疝气有哪些症状，什么表现值得引起注意？

 

小儿疝气是小儿泌尿科手术中最常见的疾病。在胚胎时期，腹股沟处有一“腹股鞘状突”，可以帮助睾丸降入阴囊或子宫圆韧带的固定。有些小孩出生后，此鞘状突关闭不完全，导致腹腔内的小肠、网膜、卵巢、输卵管等进入此鞘状突，即成为疝气;若仅有腹腔液进入阴囊内，即为阴囊水肿。

 

　　腹外疝分为可复性疝、难复性疝和嵌顿性疝。可复性疝是指站立、咳嗽、负重、排便等增加腹内压时，疝内容物进入疝囊，当平卧及腹内压下降时能很容易返纳腹腔。难复性疝为疝内容物不能完全回纳腹腔内，但并不引起严重症状。多因疝内容物和疝囊粘连，或腹壁缺损大、疝环宽大。滑动性疝通常也属难复性疝。嵌顿性疝为疝内容物突然不能回纳，发生疝块局部疼痛、触痛明显，如嵌顿的内容物为肠管、则将产生急性肠梗阻症状。坏死的肠管等疝容物可继发感染，出现腹膜炎和脓毒败血症，如不及时处理，可危及生命。

 

　　诊断检查

 

　　腹股沟疝气好发于一岁以下的幼儿，如果发作时，在腹股沟会有鼓起的肿块，稍有警觉就很容易发现。幼儿如果有以下表现应引起高度重视。

 

　　1、不明原因的哭闹不止需考虑患小儿疝气并伴有嵌顿的可能；

 

　　2、剧烈的呕吐，发烧;需要考虑患小儿疝气并伴有嵌顿的可能；

 

　　3、肠梗阻，需要考虑患小儿疝气并伴有嵌顿的可能；

 

　　4、发现血便，需要考虑患小儿疝气并伴有嵌顿的可能。


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\"小儿氙气有六大危害\"

小儿疝气要及时的去治疗,如拖延太久了就会造成很多的不良后果。那么小儿氙气有哪些危害呢？

小儿疝气危害一、危及宝宝生命

 

　　无论是男孩还是女孩，得了疝气都是很严重的，疝气不仅会引起疼痛，还会有很多其他的影响，轻的影响消化，重的影响生育，甚至危及生命。

 

　　疝气本身并不会影响生育，但是疝气拖延时间长了不治疗会导致性器官正常发育，就有可能引起不育了。因为疝气是小肠进入阴囊附近，男性的阴囊正常情况下处于低温状态，小肠的温度却是37度左右，阴囊长期受高温影响，就有可能引起不育。

 

　　小儿疝气危害二、小儿疝气自愈概率低

 

　　小儿疝气自愈的概率十分之低，而且久不治疗危害极大，因此专家要是发现在小孩哭闹、剧烈运动、大便干结时，在腹股沟处会有一突起块状肿物，有时会延伸至阴囊或阴唇部位;在平躺或用手按压时会自行消失，最好警惕小儿疝气。

 

　　小儿疝气危害三、影响宝宝发育

 

　　在消化系统受到影响的时候，孩子会出现恶心、呕吐、厌食、消化不良等症状，肠胃不舒服，孩子吃不好，营养也就跟不上了，这样孩子的正常发育就会受到影响。

 

　　因此家长们为了避免这样的影响，在孩子得了疝气以后，一定要尽快治疗，使用疝气带保守治疗疝气，一般一两个疗程就可以治好，小孩的治疗过程会比成年人要短一些，治愈后几乎不会复发。

 

　　小儿疝气危害四、影响宝宝正常生活

 

　　虽然疝气发作的时候，鼓出物可以在休息后回位，但患者的正常生活还是会受到很大的影响的，他们的正常活动会受到影响，肠胃也会受到影响，如果不治疗，还会造成很大的危险，并不是不治疗也不会有影响的小病。

 

　　小儿疝气危害五、严重容易产生并发症

 

　　小儿疝气有发生急性并发症的可能，由于某次咳嗽、屏大便等用力使较多的肠段突出后不能回入腹腔，导致急性肠梗阻，引起剧烈疼痛，如不及时处理最终可引起肠坏死、穿孔乃至腹膜炎死亡等不良后果。

 

　　小儿疝气危害六、容易导致睾丸萎缩

 

　　小儿疝气，实际上就是阴囊和腹腔相通，腹腔内的水，大网膜和肠管、膀胱等和睾丸直接接触，使睾丸处在一个高温的环境。这就是小儿疝气要及早手术的最重要的原因。建议父母对于小儿疝气要尽早采取手术治疗。


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\"小儿疝气也致命

  小儿疝气多发生于男孩，孩子患有疝气，可能会出现腹痛、恶心、发烧等症状，因此家长一定不能忽视小儿疝气。下面就一起来看看小儿疝气的护理方法吧！

  一、疝气也能危及生命

 

　　不少家长认为，小儿疝气能不治自愈。对小儿疝气并不放在心上，认为疝气进进出出，无碍健康；疝气突出后，只要用手轻轻一推，或者平躺一会，疝气就会消失，其实，这种想法是错误的。

 

　　在大多数情况下，疝气可以自行进出，不排除极少数小儿疝气患者，随着年龄的增长，疝气不再出现，但这种情况多半是6个月以内的幼儿。疝气偶尔也会发生嵌顿的情况。如用力排便、剧烈咳嗽等腹腔内压力聚然增高时，就可能发生嵌顿，如果不及时处理，时间一长会造成疝囊内肠管的缺血性坏死，甚至肠穿孔而危及生命。随着年龄的增长，孩子活动量增加，在腹压增大的情况下，疝气还有可能复发。

 

　　除少数婴儿疝气外，大部分腹股沟疝气不能自愈。随着病情的拖延，疝气包块逐渐增大，会给治疗带来难度，并且，腹股沟疝气容易发生嵌顿（疝气包块被卡住无法回纳）和绞窄，甚至危及孩子的生命。因此，除少数特殊情况外，小儿疝气均应尽早接受彻底的治疗。

 

　　当父母发现孩子患有疝气时，应立即带孩子到正规医院就诊，6个月以下的患儿可暂不处理，但需密切观察；6个月以上的患儿如果疝块逐渐增大，或有嵌顿史者，则应抓紧时间、尽早进行彻底治疗。

 

　　二、小儿疝气的家庭护理

 

　　【方法一】疝气手法复位

 

　　适于早期（3-5小时以内）的嵌顿疝，局部压痛不明显，估计尚未形成绞窄，可试行复位。具体处理方法如下：

 

　　1.疝气患者必须平躺，头底脚高位。嘱病人尽可能放松、深呼吸。

 

　　2.热毛巾敷于包块处。

 

　　3.右手托起阴囊，持续缓慢地将疝块推向腹腔。

 

　　4.如疝气仍无法回纳，需到临近的医院根据需要注射松弛疝环口的药物后再进行还纳。

 

　　5.如果疝气嵌顿时间过长，必须立即到医院进行手术，疝气嵌顿不得超过24小时，否则小肠容易缺血坏死、危及生命。

 

　　【方法二】小儿疝气手术

 

　　手术前：

 

　　1.小儿疝气患者应尽量避免和减少哭闹、咳嗽、便秘、生气、剧烈运动等。

 

　　2.疝气患者应注意休息，坠下时，用手轻轻将疝气推回腹腔。

 

　　3.疝气患者应尽量减少奔跑与久立，久蹲，适时注意平躺休息。

 

　　4.疝气患者应适当增加营养，平时可吃一些具有补气功效的食物如扁豆、山药、鸡、蛋、鱼、肉等。

 

　　5.稍大一些的幼儿疝气患者，应适当进行锻炼，以增强体质。

 

　　手术后：

 

　　即使是手术治疗后，术后护理也非常重要，直接关系到手术能否成功。

 

　　1.饮食方面。孩子麻醉清醒后，应先给一些水喝，由于手术前几小时禁食、禁水，加之手术中水份的丢失，大多孩子醒后口干舌燥，因此应先补充一下水份。术后几日内应给予营养丰富但易消化的饮食，不宜过多地增加高蛋白饮食，多吃些蔬菜、水果。

 

　　2.伤口护理。术后一周内，应保持伤面干燥，勿使小便污染伤口，应让小儿安静，限制做剧烈的活动，以防结扎线崩裂。

 

　　3.预防感冒、咳嗽，保持大小便通畅。因咳嗽、大便干燥时会使腹腔内压力增高，有时可使结扎线崩断，影响伤口愈合。

 

　　4.术后应口服抗生素三天，以防感染，术后第三天，到门诊看伤口，如没有发生感染，一般七天便可拆线。


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\"正确的小儿疝气居家治疗方法\"

在宝宝的肚脐上或是大腿根部常常会有包块时隐时现，其实，这有很大的可能就是疝气。疝气虽不是很严重的疾病，但若是置之不理，对宝宝的影响也是很大的。男宝宝甚至还可能因为疝气的挤压而影响睾丸的正常发育，甚至发生嵌顿会导致生命危险。

 

脐疝气通常在婴儿时期出现，婴儿咳嗽和哭闹的时候会特别明显。脐疝气有的很小，仅容得下一个小指头，脐疝气形成的原因是在胎宝宝腹壁发展后期，剩下的闭锁比较差，还没有关闭好。这种疝气，低体重和早产儿更有可能发生。

 

　　1.不要用及胶布和铜板压。也有许多人以为用个铜板把它压下去再用胶布贴起来，可以帮助它快些好起来。其实，用铜板贴起来这个方法根本无效，许多时候还可能引起皮肤对胶布的过敏反应。

 

　　2.脐疝气自行痊愈的机会很多，大约在1岁之前就会好起来。1岁之后随着年龄的增加，自行痊愈机会降低，这个时候要采取治疗措施，可以使用曲善宝婴幼儿脐疝带来控制疝气的继续突出。正常情况下，几天就会有明显的变化，不到2个月，疝气便可恢复。

 

　　3.若脐疝气并没有好起来，建议可以等到4岁时看医生，听从医生的治疗。

 

　　腹股沟疝气什么样？

 

　　腹股沟疝气是一种相当常见的小儿疾病，发生率约为3%，男孩发生的机会约为女孩的5-10倍。而早产儿与腹腔内压高的宝宝更容易出现腹股沟疝气，例如经常便秘的宝宝。在腹股处发现有隆起肿块，有些甚至会肿至阴囊部位。这些肿块多数是在哭闹、咳嗽、打喷涕、久站或剧烈运动后才突起来，但经平躺或休息后便会自然消失，有时须用手将它压回去。单纯的疝气所引起的疼痛，通常不会很厉害，但如果腹股沟处发生持续的剧痛，同时肿块无法压回去，且症状持续二三天，就有可能是因掉入的肠子、输卵管等坏死。这是非常严重的并发症，可能有生命的危险。

 

　　1.出现疝气，可让宝宝立即平躺，适当垫高下身，一般一会疝气就会消失;或用手轻轻地将肿块推回腹腔。这时的腹股沟疝并不是很严重，可以采用曲善宝婴幼儿腹股沟疝气带进行治疗，方法效果与脐疝带相同。

 

　　2.如果有疝气的宝宝出现的“气囊”很硬，又无法还纳回腹腔，又有呕吐、腹痛、发烧的情形出现，预示着小肠出现嵌顿，应立即就医进行手术治疗，避免因肠坏死导致败血症而危及生命。


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\"小儿疝气能靠时间自愈吗\"

　  宝宝的肚脐上，大腿根处的小包包时隐时现，这到底是什么呢？

　　儿童专家提醒父母们可不要大意哦，可能是疝气

 

　　疝气不能置之不理

 

　　疝气虽不是严重的病，但若是置之不理，对宝宝不良影响也不小呢。

 

　　1.疝气首先影响宝宝的消化系统，容易出现下腹部坠胀、腹胀气、腹痛、便秘、营养吸收功能差、易疲劳和体质下降等。

 

　　2.由于腹股沟部与泌尿生殖系统相邻，男宝宝可因疝气的挤压而影响睾丸的正常发育。

 

　　3.由于疝囊内的肠管或网膜易受到挤压或碰撞引起炎性肿胀，致使疝气不能回归原处，导致疝气嵌顿（卡在那里，影响血流），以及发生肠梗阻、肠坏死、腹部剧痛等危险情况。

 

　　“气”的种类

 

　　疝气有两种，发生在脐部的叫脐疝气，发生在腹股沟的叫腹股沟疝气。疝气的出现的主要原因是由于胚胎发育缺陷。通俗地说，人体内有一层膜包着各种脏器。但是如果这层膜发育得不完整，有不严的地方，大小肠之类较软的东西就容易从这个缝隙中跑出来，在宝宝哭闹时、咳嗽时最容易脱出来。

 

　　脐疝气

 

　　亮亮妈妈给宝宝洗澡时发现，宝宝的肚脐高出一块，用手摸一下，软软的，一旦亮亮哭的时候，那个小包会更凸出。可以断定，丁丁得的是脐疝气。

 

　　脐疝气什么样？

 

　　脐疝气通常在婴儿时期出现，婴儿咳嗽和哭闹的时候会特别明显。脐疝气有的很小，仅容得下一个小指头，脐疝气形成的原因是在胎宝宝腹壁发展后期，剩下的闭锁比较差，还没有关闭好。这种疝气，低体重和早产儿更有可能发生。

 

　　杭州复旦儿童专家分享居家应对良策

 

　　1.不要用及胶布和铜板压。也有许多人以为用个铜板把它压下去再用胶布贴起来，可以帮助它快些好起来。其实，用铜板贴起来这个方法根本无效，许多时候还可能引起皮肤对胶布的过敏反应。

 

　　2.脐疝气自行痊愈的机会很多，大约在1岁之前就会好起来。1岁之后随着年龄的增加，自行痊愈机会降低，却仍然有些较大的疝气一直到5~6岁才好起来。

 

　　3.若脐疝气并没有好起来，建议可以等到三四岁时看医生，听从医生的治疗。

 

　　腹股沟疝气

 

　　妈妈有一次给宝宝换衣服，突然发现宝宝的右腿大腿根处有一块“肉”突出，摸上去软软的，压几下，还能回去。宝宝没有任何不舒服的症状。在带宝宝去医院检查的时候，妈妈咨询了医生，医生说：“这是腹股沟疝气。”

 

　　腹股沟疝气什么样？

 

　　腹股沟疝气是一种相当常见的小儿疾病，发生率约为3%，男孩发生的机会约为女孩的5-10倍。而早产儿与腹腔内压高的宝宝更容易出现腹股沟疝气，例如经常便秘的宝宝。在腹股处发现有隆起肿块，有些甚至会肿至阴囊部位。这些肿块多数是在哭闹、咳嗽、打喷涕、久站或剧烈运动后才突起来，但经平躺或休息后便会自然消失，有时须用手将它压回去。单纯的疝气所引起的疼痛，通常不会很厉害，但如果腹股沟处发生持续的剧痛，同时肿块无法压回去，且症状持续二三天，就有可能是因掉入的肠子、输卵管等坏死。这是非常严重的并发症，可能有生命的危险。

 

　　疝气QA

 

　　Q。宝宝发生疝气不能回复原位怎么办？

 

　　A.这种情况叫嵌顿疝，嵌顿时间在3-4小时内，局部疼痛不明显，也无腹部疼痛时，可先试行手法复位。复位的方法是先让宝宝取头高脚低位，给予镇静、解痉药后，由专科医生给予手法复位。手法复位成功后24小时内，必须严格观察宝宝的腹部情况，如有无肚子胀、排大便情况等。

 

　　Q。何时手术好呢？术后复发可能性大吗？

 

　　A.宝宝最佳手术时机半岁至1岁。手术复发率只有1%-3%，所以父母们不必担心。

 

　　Q。宝宝一侧患有疝气，另一侧也会有吗？

 

　　A。宝宝在2岁以下发现腹股沟疝气一侧有疝气，另一侧患疝气的机会是10%~40%，而女孩患两侧疝气的机会更高。在一侧做疝气手术治疗的时候，可以同时打开另一侧腹股沟看看是不是也有疝气。虽然这是见仁见智，不过为了消除父母的疑虑，减少再次手术麻醉的风险，在做一侧手术的同时，也可从肚脐切开，用内视镜探察。若另一侧也是疝气，两侧同时矫治是最适当的方法。

 

　　Q。我家宝宝准备做手术治疗，要注意什么问题？

 

　　A。要与你的主管医生沟通，了解术前的各种事项，比如从何时禁食禁水，手术中可能出现的情况等等。不要太过紧张。


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\"小儿疝气危害大需及时治疗\"

小儿疝气危害一、影响宝宝正常生活

 

虽然疝气发作的时候，鼓出物可以在休息后回位，但患者的正常生活还是会受到很大的影响的，他们的正常活动会受到影响，肠胃也会受到影响，如果不治疗，还会造成很大的危险，并不是不治疗也不会有影响的小病。

 

小儿疝气危害二、小儿疝气自愈概率低

 

小儿疝气自愈的概率十分之低，而且久不治疗危害极大，因此专家要是发现在小孩哭闹、剧烈运动、大便干结时，在腹股沟处会有一突起块状肿物，有时会延伸至阴囊或阴唇部位;在平躺或用手按压时会自行消失，最好警惕小儿疝气。

 

小儿疝气危害三、严重容易产生并发症

 

小儿疝气有发生急性并发症的可能，由于某次咳嗽、屏大便等用力使较多的肠段突出后不能回入腹腔，导致急性肠梗阻，引起剧烈疼痛，如不及时处理最终可引起肠坏死、穿孔乃至腹膜炎死亡等不良后果。

 

小儿疝气危害四、危及宝宝生命

 

无论是男孩还是女孩，得了疝气都是很严重的，疝气不仅会引起疼痛，还会有很多其他的影响，轻的影响消化，重的影响生育，甚至危及生命。

 

疝气本身并不会影响生育，但是疝气拖延时间长了不治疗会导致性器官正常发育，就有可能引起不育了。因为疝气是小肠进入阴囊附近，男性的阴囊正常情况下处于低温状态，小肠的温度却是37度左右，阴囊长期受高温影响，就有可能引起不育。

 

小儿疝气危害五、容易导致睾丸萎缩

 

小儿疝气，实际上就是阴囊和腹腔相通，腹腔内的水，大网膜和肠管、膀胱等和睾丸直接接触，使睾丸处在一个高温的环境。这就是小儿疝气要及早手术的最重要的原因。建议父母对于小儿疝气要尽早采取手术治疗。

 

小儿疝气危害六、影响宝宝发育

 

在消化系统受到影响的时候，孩子会出现恶心、呕吐、厌食、消化不良等症状，肠胃不舒服，孩子吃不好，营养也就跟不上了，这样孩子的正常发育就会受到影响。


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男,2岁3个月。小儿疝气，疝气下来的时候在阴囊里面，两边都有疝气，什么时候能做手术

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男,2岁3个月。小儿疝气，疝气下来的时候在阴囊里面，两边都有疝气，能做手术吗？小儿疝气什么时候做手术比较好

","barId":"2513","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1474,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486303911992,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486303911991,"metaSearch":null,"rn":0,"barTitle":null,"checkcode":null,"forumUser":{"id":"623d560be20c11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1485245349701,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"期缘","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"qiyuan99","realName":null,"signName":"早日相逢","head":"/zly-web/resources/images/qq/4.png","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"jzh@zhao01.com","address":null,"identityType":1,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":2,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"lyTopicReply":null,"createAtStr":null,"lyBar":null,"lyTopic":null},{"id":"4382","isDel":0,"createAt":1486303854373,"createBy":"623d560be20c11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"期缘","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"623d560be20c11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"三岁小女孩做小儿疝气手术可以晚几年做吗","content":"

大约一年多了。医生说需要做手术.说是小肠疝气医生 ，家里担心孩子太小可不可以晚点做手术

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  在小儿外科小儿疝气目前手术方式常用有两种，普通的经外环口途径和腹腔镜手术，两种手术创伤都非常小，经外环口途径切口一般为1-2cm，腹腔镜切口更小。有时候也能见到在成人外科手术的患者，有些还是传统斜切口，长达4cm以上，所以不建议去成人外科进行小儿斜疝手术，可以去附近有儿外科医生的专科治疗，在安徽省很多地区都有小儿外科医院，这样不仅创伤小而且安全。

    腹腔镜手术和普通手术各有优点

普通手术特点：可适合所有患者，术后有一定比例的阴囊水肿血肿，手术时间一般10分钟-20分钟/侧。对于隐性的对侧疝气不能发现，有时候开了一侧，另一侧术后不久就出现了。

    腹腔镜手术特点：切口在肚脐内，基本不遗留疤痕，没有阴囊血肿和水肿，可以看到对侧是否存在病变，如存在可一起治疗，避免了术后对侧出现疝气的可能性。腹腔镜的费用增多。


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\"03790058b5de4978b204a6cec0de200e_th.jpg\"/

需要做小儿疝气手术的孩子家长，往往最关心的首先是麻醉风险问题，很多家长担心孩子全麻之后会对大脑有损伤，这一点在国际上并没有定论：全麻药物对孩子的影响要视情况而定，对于麻醉时间小于一小时，用药量又很少的情况，普遍认为是不会有影响的。一般小儿疝气手术单侧大约15分钟，双侧大约20分钟即可完成。

任何手术都有风险。小儿疝气手术也是如此，除去一些任何手术都存在的风险，小儿疝气的风险主要是术后复发。小儿疝气手术要用丝线把孩子腹股沟处开放的管道结扎上，但并不是扎上之后病就好了，而是扎上之后让局部组织愈合，就像用水泥把缺口又抹了一遍，把缺陷彻底封住，就不会复发了。组织愈合需要时间，术后一周最关键，我们要求术后一个月内都要尽量的避免腹腔内压力增高（如蹦跳，哭闹，便秘，咳嗽等）。小儿疝气手术的复发率很低，全国统计开刀手术术后复发约1%，腹腔镜手术约0.5%。

既然手术是必须做的，所以麻醉也是必须做的，医生所能做到的，就是把目前最好的药物最好的治疗提供给你，但是，世界上确实没有只有好处没有坏处的事情。俗话说“是药三分毒”，但我们该吃药的时候还要吃药，不能因为药物可能带来副作用就不治病了。我们作为孩子的监护人，要权衡利弊，不能因噎废食。

疝气手术，是否会损伤男孩的生殖功能？

正常情况下，不会损伤生殖功能。我们做腹腔镜的时候是在放大的视野下进行的，小儿疝气手术结扎未闭合的内环时，是必须要保护输精管和精索血管不受损伤的。


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　　所谓“脐疝”，是指推压脐部时，它会短暂地被推回肚子，而把手放开时，它又会再度凸出来，这种情形称之为“脐疝气”。在脐带进入婴儿腹壁的地方，周围有一个脐环，正常情形下，脐环在出生前就会关闭，而有些婴儿的脐环，在出生后没有完全关闭，于是形成了脐疝气。脐疝气上层是皮肤，下层是腹膜，大一点的脐疝气甚至会有肠子进入，因此摸起来时，会觉得有空气在里面的感觉。

　　大部分的脐疝气在宝宝3～4岁前都会自行关闭，若4～5岁还未愈合，才需要考虑手术缝合。另外，假如婴儿出现哭闹不休、无法安抚的情况，也要考虑脐疝气塞的可能，此时脐疝气部位会出现触痛、肿胀和颜色异常等症状，可能已造成肠子绞结及缺血，必须紧急开刀处理才行。

　　并不是每个出生的宝宝都会发生脐疝气的现象，只有大约15%的新生儿会发生，其中早产会比足月儿容易产生脐疝气。


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　　有些宝宝，尤其是未足月的早产儿，脐带脱落后，在肚脐处会有一个向外突出的圆形肿块，在宝宝哭闹、咳嗽、排便时更加明显，这就是我们所说的“脐疝”，在6个月以下的儿童是比较常见的。

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　　脐疝小的仅黄豆大小，大的可像核桃。当宝宝平卧、安静时，脐疝可消失；用手指压迫脐疝，肿物很容易回复到腹腔内，有时可听到“咕噜噜”的声音。如果把手指伸入脐孔，还可以清楚地摸到脐疝的边缘。

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　　宝宝为什么会出现脐疝呢？这主要是因为宝宝脐带脱落后，脐孔两边的腹直肌尚未合拢，一旦腹腔内压力增高，腹膜便向外突出而形成脐疝，脐疝的内容物是肠管的一部分。一般随着年龄增长，疝环口经逐渐缩小，两岁以内可自然闭合，因此只要无腹痛、呕吐(肠子被环口卡住造成的症状)或局部感染，一般不需特殊处理。

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　　如果脐疝较大，为了防止嵌顿，可取一条宽4—5厘米的松紧带，在其中心处用布固定半只乒乓球，球的凸面对准脐孔，使肠子不再突出；松紧带两头用可调节长短的扣子固定，压力以既能保证肠子不再突出，又不影响呼吸和吃奶为准。使用后每2—3小时检查一次，以防皮肤擦伤。

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　　如果宝宝因剧烈哭吵，或反复咳嗽造成疝不能回复入腹腔，应该到医院及时就诊，因为脐嵌顿后不及时治疗会危及宝宝的生命！

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