{"type5":[],"type4":[{"id":"4492","isDel":0,"createAt":1486482965416,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"垂体瘤术后病人如何有效的护理","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　在日常生活当中，脑垂体瘤这种疾病，会严重的影响到患者的生活，而且近年来患上这种疾病的人群很多，对患者的生活造成了很大影响，其实大家需要注意护理措施，有效进行饮食，避免食欲不振，脑垂体瘤术后护理措施都有哪些？</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　<strong style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51);\">垂体瘤术后病人如何护理?主要有以下几点：</strong></p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　1、密切观察病人的意识瞳孔、生命体征及尿量。保持呼吸道通畅，从病人语言、睁眼、运动三方面来评估病人的意识障碍程度，昏迷患者要按护理常规进行护理，做好基础护理，确保无护理并发症，教会陪护人员为患者测量尿量，护士要准确记录24h出入量。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　2、垂体瘤的护理是怎样的?保持呼吸道通畅：术后患者返回病房会带气管插管，将氧气插入其中，将氧流量调至3~4L左右，及时清除口腔分泌物，以及气管插管内分泌物，维持呼吸道通畅。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　3、高热护理:体温在39℃以上者给予物理降温，方法有冰袋、冰帽、冷敷;乙醇擦浴、冰水擦浴、温水擦浴。在患者大量出汗或退热时，应注意保暖，观察有无虚脱现象，保持室内空气新鲜。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　4、垂体瘤的护理是怎样的?饮食护理：患者术后禁食1—2天，再流食1—2天，逐渐改为半流食，普食，根据患者的饮食习惯为患者调配合理的饮食，给予高热量、高蛋白、高维生素、低脂肪易消化的流质或半流质食物，鼓励患者多饮水，每日摄入量不少于24h的出量。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　5、疼痛的护理:疼痛是术后患者的常见临床症状之一，应严密观察疼痛的原因、性质、程度及部位。加强心理护理，稳定患者的情绪，消除其紧张、恐惧心理，为患者介绍一些缓解疼痛的方法。严重者可遵医嘱给予止痛栓以缓解疼痛。</p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1560,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486482965423,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486482965416,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"4283","isDel":0,"createAt":1486482942409,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"脑肿瘤手术后应该如何进行饮食","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　不论患上任何疾病，饮食都是有效的辅助方法，因为大家应了解相关的知识，脑肿瘤的出现很严重的影响到患者的身体，平时我们需要注意疾病的发展，有效进行治疗，避免造成患者出现视力减退，导致耳聋，那么，脑肿瘤手术后应该如何进行饮食?</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　1、饮食要量少多餐，每次量少于200毫升。间隔时间大于2小时，防止消化不良。忌食咖啡、可可等兴奋性饮料。这些兴奋性的饮料可能导致脑肿瘤患者睡眠质量下降，从而影响恢复的时间。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　2、温度要在38～40℃，防止烫伤病人。忌食辛辣刺激性食物，如葱、蒜、韭菜、花椒、辣椒、桂皮等。一般脑肿瘤患者在住院或是服药期间，不建议食用这些食物。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　3、抬高床头15 ～30 ，饮食后半小时内不要改变病人体位，防止食物反流。.忌食发霉、烧焦食物，如霉花生、霉黄豆、烧焦鱼肉，这些食物本身就是不健康的，多数含有大量的致癌物质。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　4、脑肿瘤术后早期胃肠功能还没有完全恢复，应尽量少进牛奶、糖类等产气食物，防止引起肠胀气。若抽出咖啡色液体时提示消化道内有出血，应暂禁饮食或灌注冰流质，止血后方可进食。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　5、要食用一些高热量，高蛋白，高营养，低盐的食物。蛋白可以从豆类、肉类、家禽类、动物内脏、水产类、蛋类等食品中获得；而高热能的食物可以从芝麻、金针菜等高脂食物以及糖类、糕点等食品中摄取。避免由于钠离子在机体潴留可引起血压升高，进而导致颅内压升高。保证病人营养，有利于手术后组织的修复。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　6、脑肿瘤手术后的膳食中，应该保证含有充分的维生素，每日摄入的维生素不仅要能满足正常生理需要，还能使体内有足量的贮存。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　7、脑瘤病人手术后经常会遇到食欲不振的问题。要解决这一问题，最好的办法是在饭菜的烹调上下工夫，把饭菜做得色、香、味俱全，刺激患者的食欲。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　8、在饮食中，我们还要注意忌食油腻、腌腊鱼肉、油煎、烟熏食品；忌食过咸食品：长期食用过咸的食物，得高血压的几率要高几倍；忌食烟、酒：这是很多疾病的罪魁祸首，因此尽可能远离。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　据专家介绍，大约80%的恶性肿瘤是可以通过简单的生活方式改变而预防。想要预防脑肿瘤，就需要知道导致脑肿瘤的发病因素。</p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1550,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486482942411,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486482942409,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"1484","isDel":0,"createAt":1486483052215,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"垂体瘤饮食注意事项","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　垂体瘤是发生在脑部的一种重要疾病，大脑是我们身体的重要器官，然而在出现垂体瘤时一定要采用合理正规的方法进行治疗，当然它的护理也是必不可少的，尤其是患者饮食方面，多吃一些富含维生素的食物，那么垂体瘤饮食注意事项都有哪些呢？</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　脑垂体瘤的护理措施有哪些？叙述如下：</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　1&middot;脑肿瘤病人宜采用高蛋白质、高维他命和高热能的膳食。膳食中蛋白质可以从动物食品和豆类食品中获得，如鱼、蛋、乳及豆制品。高维他命食物可以多吃新鲜蔬菜和水果，如苹果、桔子及各种绿叶蔬菜。高热量食物可从易消化的糖类食品中摄入，如蛋糕、巧克力等。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　2&middot;脑肿瘤术后饮食：酸枣仁、龙井茶、茭白、猪脑、胡桃肉、桑椹、蜂蜜、鲫鱼、海参、莲子、西瓜、鲤鱼、菱角肉、冬瓜等。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　3&middot;脑肿瘤放化疗期间：黑芝麻、葡萄、枸杞子、黑豆、栗子、核桃仁，另外，宜多吃新鲜水果，蔬菜、豆类，忌食辛辣、油腻、戒烟酒等刺激等 。脑肿瘤病人在使用脱水利尿剂时，应多吃含钾丰富的食物，如香蕉、芹菜、玉米、桔子等。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　脑垂体瘤的护理措施有哪些?此外脑肿瘤病人饮食还需注意：</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　1.食欲不振，是脑肿瘤患者尤其是神经胶质细胞瘤患者常常遇到的问题。造成食欲不振的原因除疾病本身外，大多是因为患者情绪抑郁、忧虑、过度紧张和恐惧等心理因素造成的。饭菜的烹调加工要注意色、香、味、形，以刺激患者的食欲。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　2.脑肿瘤病人要保持良好的饮食规律，不要暴饮暴食，注意饮食卫生，不吃生冷、坚硬的食物，要戒烟、戒酒，养成良好的排便习惯。</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1584,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486483052217,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486483052215,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"1255","isDel":0,"createAt":1486483023155,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"垂体瘤的预防方法和护理","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　随着经济的发展越来越多人患上各种疾病，垂体瘤就是其中一种。恶性还是良性对人们的日常生活都有极大的影响，人们应重视预防，不要让疾病危害您的健康，以下是预防垂体瘤的措施。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　一、垂体瘤该如何预防</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　预防垂体瘤的秘诀十分简单，就是常吃碱性食物以防止酸性废物的累积，因为酸化的体液环境，是正常细胞癌变的肥沃土壤，调整体液酸碱平衡，是预防垂体瘤的有效途径。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　1、加强体育锻炼</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　增强体质，多在阳光下运动，多出汗可将体内酸性物质随汗液排出体外，避免形成酸性体质。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　2、养成良好的生活习惯，戒烟限酒</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　吸烟，世界卫生组织预言，如果人们都不再吸烟，5年之后，世界上的癌症将减少1/3。其次，不酗酒。烟和酒是极酸的酸性物质，长期吸烟喝酒的人，极易导致酸性体质。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　3、不要过多地吃咸而辣的食物</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　不吃过热、过冷、过期及变质的食物。年老体弱或有某种疾病遗传基因者预防垂体瘤可酌情吃一些防癌食品和含碱量高的碱性食品，保持良好的精神状态。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　4、有良好的心态应对压力</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　劳逸结合，不要过度疲劳。中医认为压力导致过劳体虚从而引起免疫功能下降、内分泌失调，体内代谢紊乱，导致体内酸性物质的沉积，压力也可导致精神紧张引起气滞血淤、毒火内陷等。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　二、垂体瘤患者护理措施</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　1、与病人交谈，鼓励病人表达自己的感受，给予正面的引导。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　2、鼓励病人保持经常进行修饰的习惯和改善个体形象的方法：恰当的衣着、恰当的修饰。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　3、鼓励病人加强修养，提高自身的内在素质，敢于面对现实。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　4、帮助病人适应日常生活，参与社会活动及人际交往。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　予以高热量、高蛋白质、高维生素的饮食。指导患者建立良好的生活制度，保持身心健康。嘱患者注意个人卫生，预防感染。嘱病人避免受凉、过度劳累与激动。若并发垂体危象，即作如下处理：</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　遵医嘱静脉滴注50%葡萄糖40-60ml 及糖盐水，以抢救低血糖及失水等。低温者可将病人放入24-35℃温水中，逐渐加热水温至38-39℃，当病人体温回升至35℃以上则擦干保暖。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; 高热者根据具体情况选择降温方法。禁用或慎用吗啡、巴比妥类、氯丙嗪等及各种降糖药，以防诱发昏迷。</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":2106,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486483023157,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486483023155,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"1003","isDel":0,"createAt":1486482994610,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"垂体瘤疾病预防护理措施","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　生活当中我们到底该如何做才能够避免垂体瘤这样的疾病发生呢，相信这也是很多的人都在关注的问题，可是人们对于垂体瘤疾病的相关预防措施并不了解，为了帮助到垂体瘤疾病患者，小编来讲述垂体瘤疾病的有效预防措施到底有什么?</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　垂体瘤是一组从垂体前叶和后叶及颅咽管上皮残余细胞发生的肿瘤。垂体瘤约占颅内肿瘤的10%，此组肿瘤以前叶的腺瘤占大多数，来自后叶者少见。多种颅内转移癌可累及垂体，须与原发性垂体瘤鉴别。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　垂体瘤病人如何护理?主要有以下几点：</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　一、耐心护理解决四大问题：①自我形象紊乱;②舒适的改变;③感知改变--视觉;④潜在并发症--垂体危象。自我形象紊乱手由于功能垂体瘤分泌过多激素。主要表现：巨人症、肢端肥大症、库欣病伴黑色素沉重、侏儒症等。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　二、垂体瘤的护理是怎样的?如果手术后去除了颅骨，应该注意避免碰伤颅骨缺损处，不要剧烈活动，睡觉时避免长期压迫伤口。垂体手术后注意观察患者有无头痛、恶心、呕吐、发烧等症状。瘫痪卧床的患者应注意每两小时翻身拍背一次，防止并发肺炎和褥疮。为了避免便秘引起的颅内压升高，护理中注意大便通畅，给足饮水，必要时给以通便润肠药物。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　三、垂体瘤的护理是怎样的?与病人交谈，鼓励病人表达自己的感受，给予正面的引导。鼓励病人保持经常进行修饰的习惯和改善个体形象的方法：恰当的衣着、恰当的修饰。鼓励病人加强修养，提高自身的内在素质，敢于面对现实。帮助病人适应日常生活，参与社会活动及人际交往。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　四、口腔护理：因口腔内有伤口,所以每日做口腔护理,保持口腔内的清洁，由于术后用纱条填塞鼻腔止血,病人只能张口呼吸,易造成口腔干燥,此时应用湿纱布盖于口唇外,保持口腔湿润,减轻不适,促进食欲。术后补充营养，预防感染:需行静脉输液,输液时肢体可能感觉麻木,输液后可适当进行局部活动或按摩。</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1945,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486482994612,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486482994610,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"type3":[{"id":"26224","isDel":0,"createAt":1565858766947,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"切除气管后的影响大吗","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">切除气管后的影响大吗，</span></span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">有</span></span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">后遗症吗，本来是观察观察现在不用切、今天医院来了个专家说最好早点切了。</span> </span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1604,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":1,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1565858766950,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1565858833819,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"14456","isDel":0,"createAt":1530606244920,"createBy":"e8f7486fbba411e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"王可可","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"e8f7486fbba411e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"医疗纠纷的必知法律知识有哪些","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">关于医疗纠纷的必知法律知识有哪些？下面主要介绍十大必知医疗纠纷法律常识，包括医疗事故及其分级、患者的权利、发生医疗事故争议时需要封存的病历资料、什么是误诊、手术中常见的医疗过失等。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\"><br/></span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 28px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1530607069398.jpg\" title=\"医疗纠纷的必知法律知识有哪些\" alt=\"医疗纠纷的必知法律知识有哪些\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">一、医疗事故及其分级</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">医疗事故是指医疗机构及其医务人员在医疗活动中，违反医疗卫生管理法律、行政法规、部门规章和诊疗规范、护理规范，过失造成患者人身损害的事故。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">医疗事故分四级：一级医疗事故是指造成患者死亡、重度残疾；二级医疗事故是指造成患者中度残疾、器官组织损伤导致严重功能障碍的；三级医疗事故是指造成患者轻度残疾、器官组织损伤导致一般功能障碍的；四级医疗事故是指造成患者明显人身损害的其他后果。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">二、患者的权利</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">患者有权复印或复制自己的门诊病历、住院志、体温单、遗嘱单、化验单</span>(检验报告)、医学影像检查资料、特殊检查同意书、手术同意书、手术及麻醉记录单、病理资料、护理记录。</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">三、发生医疗事故争议时需要封存的病历资料</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">死亡病历讨论记录、疑难病历讨论记录、上级医师查房记录、会诊意见、病程记录。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">四、什么是误诊</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">误诊是错误的诊断，表现为未能诊断、错误诊断、漏诊。误诊并不一定都是医疗事故。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">五、手术中常见的医疗过失</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、手术前对手术治疗准备工作不足，未做必要的化验和检查，盲目开刀手术；</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、手术前对手术区的备皮不严格，造成手术后伤口的化脓感染；</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3、手术前考虑不充分，未做输血准备工作，造成手术中急需输血时措手不及而造成不良后果；</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4、手术时划错手术部位开错刀；</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">5、手术前麻醉失败；</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">6、手术前未对患者做详细的内科检查，未排除手术禁忌症。</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">六、什么是医疗过失责任程度？它与赔偿金额的关系？</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">医疗过失责任程度，是指医疗过失行为在医疗事故损害后果中的责任比重，是医疗事故赔偿金额考虑的因素之一。《医疗事故技术鉴定暂行办法》规定医疗过失责任程度分为完全责任、主要责任、次要责任、轻微责任。司法实践中通常借鉴法医学的</span>“损伤参与度”的分级标准来确定过错方的责任程度。</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">损伤参与度分级标准是：第一等级，死亡、后遗障碍完全是损伤所致，损伤参与度</span>100%；第二等级，死亡、后遗障碍是损伤和既往疾病共同作用的结果，但损伤是主要因素，损伤参与度75%；第三等级，死亡、后遗障碍是损伤和疾病共同作用的结果，两者作用程度等同，损伤参与度50%；第四等级，死亡、后遗障碍是损伤和疾病共同所致的结果，但疾病是主要因素，损伤参与度25%；第五等级，死亡、后遗障碍完全是由于疾病导致的结果，损伤作用可以排除，损伤参与度是0%。</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">七、什么是行政调解、行政调解能否反悔？医患双方达成的医疗损害赔偿协议是否可以反悔？</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">医疗事故行政调解是指医疗事故争议发生后，在卫生行政部门的主持下，根据自愿合法原则促使医疗机构和患者友好协商达成对医疗事故赔偿的和解协议。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">行政调解不具有强制执行的效力，一方可以反悔。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">医患双方达成的赔偿协议属于合同的一种，其效力适用合同法有关规定。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">八、医疗纠纷诉讼的时效</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">医疗纠纷的诉讼时效是一年，从患者</span>(患者死亡的，为患者近亲属)知道或应当知道权利被侵害之日起计算。</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">这里的应当知道权利被侵害是指客观上存在着知道的条件和可能，不管当事人是否已经知道，均推定为知道权利受到侵害。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">人身损害赔偿的诉讼时效期间，伤害明显的，从受伤之日起计算，伤害当时未曾发现，后经检查确诊并能证明是由侵害引起的，从伤势确诊之日起算。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">九、患方在起诉前的准备工作</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、委托律师代理诉讼的，签订聘请律师合同和授权委托书，并交纳律师费；</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、向律师或法院提交以下材料：</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(1)患方身份及亲属关系证明，包括身份证复印件，若患方死亡或不具有完全行为能力，则需要法定继承人或法定代理人(配偶、父母、子女、兄弟姐妹等)身份证及户口本；</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(2)病历资料复印件，含患者门诊病历、住院志或入院记录、体温单、医嘱单、化验单或检验报告、医学影像检查资料、特殊检查同意书、手术意见书、手术同意书、手术及麻醉记录单、病理资料、护理记录、出院(死亡)小结等；</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(3)患者或患者家属的误工证明，有工作单位的由单位出具工资及缺勤证明，无工作单位的由居委会或村委会出具无业证明；</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(4)相关费用单据、清单。如医疗费、护理费、营养费、交通费、伤残等级证明及残疾用具费、丧葬费、伤残或死亡的要提供患者实际抚养或赡养的无其他生活来源者的户籍证明。</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(5)其他如有关专家意见、证人证言、鉴定结论等。</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">十、医疗事故中患方要注意收集的证据材料</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、尽早复制客观病历材料，封存主观性病历材料；</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、及时要求进行尸检，以查明患者的死因。根据《医疗事故处理条例》规定，患者死亡的，医患双方不能确定死因或对死因有异议的应当在患者死亡后48小时内进行尸检；具备尸体冻存条件的可以延长至7日。因此患者家属应当摈弃封建迷信思想，及时要求尸检，一旦因患者家属拖延尸检而影响死因判定的，患者家属将承担不利后果。</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3、注意收集证人证言。</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4、注意封存医疗事故有关的实物，如药品、器具、血液等。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1272,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1530606244921,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1530606244921,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"14454","isDel":0,"createAt":1530520327392,"createBy":"e8f7486fbba411e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"王可可","updateAt":1530520430403,"updateBy":"e8f7486fbba411e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"王可可","userId":"e8f7486fbba411e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"医疗纠纷等同于医疗事故吗","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">医疗纠纷是指发生在医疗卫生、预防保健、医学美容等具有合法资质的医疗企事业法人或机构中，一方</span>(或多方)当事人认为另一方(或多方)当事人在提供医疗服务或履行法定义务和约定义务时存在过失，造成实际损害后果，应当承担违约责任或侵权责任，但双方(或多方)当事人对所争议事实认识不同、相互争执、各执己见的情形。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 28px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1530520511161.jpg\" title=\"医疗纠纷等同于医疗事故吗\" alt=\"医疗纠纷等同于医疗事故吗\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">一、造成原因</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">医疗纠纷通常是由医疗过错和过失引起的。医疗过失是医务人员在诊断护理过程中所存在的失误。医疗过错是指医务人员在诊疗护理等医疗活动中的过错。这些过错往往导致病人的不满意或造成对病人的伤害，从而引起医疗纠纷。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">除了由于医疗过错和过失引起的医疗纠纷外，有时，医方在医疗活动中并没有任何疏忽和失误，仅仅是由于患者单方面的不满意，也会引起纠纷。这类纠纷可以是因患者缺乏基本的医学知识，对正确的医疗处理、疾病的自然转归和难以避免的并发症以及医疗中的意外事故不理解而引起的，也可以是由于患者的毫无道理的责难而引起的。亦有人称之为医疗侵权纠纷，即医疗服务的提供者与接受者之间对医疗行为及其后果是否侵权及侵权责任的争议。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">二、医疗纠纷分类</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">侵权责任和违约责任</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">医患双方发生医疗纠纷，可以选择侵权责任或违约责任要求对方承担责任。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">三、误区</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">误区之一：医疗纠纷等同于医疗事故</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">医疗事故是指在诊疗护理工作中，因医务人员诊疗护理过失，直接造成病员死亡、残疾、组织器官损伤导致功能障碍的。而医疗纠纷通常是指医患双方对诊疗护理结果及其原因的认定有分歧，当事人提出追究责任或经济赔偿，必须经过行政或法律的调解、裁决才可了结的事件。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">误区之二：病人进医院等于进</span>“保险箱”</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">因新技术、新设备和新疗法导致的医疗纠纷也逐渐出现，人们享受现代文明的同时，也增加了受损害的风险。最高明的医生也不能包治百病，病人进医院不等于进了</span>“保险箱”。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">误区之三：经济补偿等于经济赔偿</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">在众多的医疗纠纷中，有的已构成医疗事故，按照国务院《医疗事故处理办法》和各地制定的实施细则的规定，对鉴定为医疗事故的给予一次性经济补偿。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">四、解决途径</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">医疗民事纠纷与其他民事纠纷一样，属于平等主体之间的财产关系和人身关系，属民法的调整范畴。根据</span> “私法自治”的原则，通常情况下，国家不予干预，因此，双方当事人可以就医疗纠纷进行协商，也可以进行民间调解和行政调解，从理论上讲，医疗合同纠纷也可进行仲裁解决，但仲裁解决医疗纠纷还不受重视。国家对医疗民事纠纷的干预表现为民事诉讼，需要当事人起诉才能发生。也可以申请卫生行政部门解决。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1358,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1530520327393,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1530520327393,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8358","isDel":0,"createAt":1511840417943,"createBy":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"海绵宝宝","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"放疗治疗脑垂体瘤有哪些注意事项","content":"<p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1511841275978.jpg\" title=\"放疗治疗脑垂体瘤有哪些注意事项\" alt=\"放疗治疗脑垂体瘤有哪些注意事项\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">垂体瘤是常见的头部良性肿瘤，对于垂体微腺瘤和相对较小的大腺瘤，伽玛刀已成为公认的首选治疗手段。这是因为，放射治疗可阻止肿瘤进一步生长并最终使分泌增多的激素水平下降，特别是在控制瘤体生长方面，效果明确。肿瘤的局部控制率达</span>80%—90%。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">垂体瘤放疗技术长足进步</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">据</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">找良医网</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">专家介绍，垂体瘤的放射治疗技术上需要注意如何提高肿瘤治疗剂量，而使周边正常垂体组织、视神经、视交叉、视束、下丘脑及颞叶脑组织受到最小的辐射剂量。近年来随着放射治疗设备的不断更新，放射治疗技术的不断提高，特别是伽玛刀技术的普及、调强技术的发展，垂体瘤常规放射治疗的并发症如颞叶脑组织放射性损伤、视通路损伤、垂体低功（治疗前已有垂体低功者除外）等几近消失。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">伽玛刀是应用立体三维定位方法，把高能射线准确地汇聚在颅内靶灶上，可以在较短时间和有限范围内使辐射线达最大剂量，而靶区灶周围剂量迅速衰减，从而使肿瘤与周围正常组织所受到的放射剂量相差甚大，一次性或分次毁损靶区组织，治疗垂体瘤需要的边缘剂量</span>16—25Gy。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">调强技术主要是针对肿瘤巨大，超出伽玛刀治疗范围，患者不能耐受手术或不愿手术者；肿瘤复发者。采用多个固定野，每野使用整体适形挡块的技术照射，有条件者可采用适形调强技术。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">放疗前后的注意事项</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">放射治疗前应完成对病人的整体评估，包括：一般查体及眼科专项检查（评估患者对放射治疗能否耐受及视神经、视交叉受肿瘤的影响程度）；相关化验检查：垂体激素全项、血常规、凝血常规、肝炎六项等；影像强化磁共振资料（选择治疗方案的最重要的依据），其能更好地显示肿瘤及其与周围组织的解剖关系，可以区分视交叉和蝶鞍隔膜，清楚显示脑血管及垂体肿瘤是否侵犯海绵窦和蝶窦、垂体柄是否受压等情况，</span>MRI比CT检查更容易发现小的病变。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">治疗后患者应定期随访，随访的内容包括患者症状学的改变、内分泌水平的变化、影像学的改变。这些随访内容应是一个动态观察的过程，通常以年为单位。需要注意的是资料的保存是动态评估治疗效果前提。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">治疗后短期内患者一般无明显自感症状，少数患者偶有头痛、头晕及脱发等反应，经甘露醇、激素对症处理大多可缓解。值得注意的是如出现突然剧烈头痛，并且经对症处理后不能缓解，应警惕出现肿瘤卒中可能，</span>CT检查可直接显示出肿瘤是否出血以及出血量的多少。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1429,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1511840417945,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1511840417945,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8356","isDel":0,"createAt":1511838121098,"createBy":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"海绵宝宝","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"男子患垂体瘤致手脚变大 如何治疗垂体瘤","content":"<p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1511838680427.jpg\" title=\"男子患垂体瘤致手脚变大 如何治疗垂体瘤\" alt=\"男子患垂体瘤致手脚变大 如何治疗垂体瘤\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">眼看着自己的脚码从</span>40码直逼44码，手也跟着肿胀变大，晚上鼾声如雷，频被憋醒，结果一查竟是脑内长了垂体瘤。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">40岁的王先生有睡觉打鼾的毛病。后来鼾声越来越大，经常打着鼾，就没了呼吸，要用力把他推醒才能缓过气来。在医院经睡眠呼吸监测，他一个小时呼吸暂停40多次，诊断为重度鼾症。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">更要命的是，王先生发现自己的脚越来越大，原来的鞋子都穿不上了，脸变长，连鼻子嘴唇也在悄无声息地长，体重更是从</span>140斤飙到180斤，这才到医院就诊，检查发现其脑垂体上有一个黄豆大瘤子。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">该院</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">贾</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">医生刚介绍，像王先生这类生长激素型垂体瘤患者，其体内的生长激素是正常值的</span>8倍。如果发生于儿童就会表现为巨人症，如果发生于成人，则会表现为肢端肥大症，患者的手脚、下巴、鼻子等莫名变大，导致鼻腔内阻塞性症变，出现打鼾的症状。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">垂体瘤如何治疗</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1.综合治疗。垂体瘤的治疗主要包括手术、药物及放射治疗三种。正是由于没有一种方法可以达到完全治愈的目的，所以各种治疗方法各有利弊，应该根据患者垂体瘤的大小、激素分泌的情况、并发症及共患疾病的情况、患者的年龄、是否有生育要求以及患者的经济情况制定个体化的治疗方案。垂体瘤的治疗是一个多科室协作的综合治疗过程。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2.放疗。由于垂体瘤属于腺瘤，本身对放疗的敏感性较差，放疗后70%-80%的患者出现垂体功能降低，降低了患者的生活质量，所以放疗只适用于手术残余、不能耐受手术、对药物不敏感、有共患疾病不能够接受手术或药物治疗的患者。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3.手术治疗。目前对垂体瘤的治疗还是以手术为主，辅以药物治疗、放射治疗。垂体瘤的位置在鞍区，周围有视神经、颈内动脉、下丘脑等重要神经结构，所以手术还是有一定风险的。目前手术方法有经蝶窦，开颅和伽马刀。瘤体直径大于3厘米与视神经粘连或视力受损的肿瘤可先行手术治疗，手术必须达到视神经充分减压，术后再行伽玛刀治疗，但是术后仍旧有可能复发，因此需定期复查。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1328,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1511838121100,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1511838121100,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"4001","isDel":0,"createAt":1486483339950,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"26岁，女，垂体瘤1cm左右。泌乳素高，停了药后月经又延迟，怎么办？","content":"<p><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &#39;Hiragino Sans GB&#39;, Helvetica, &#39;microsoft yahei&#39;, simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: rgb(252, 252, 252);\">我是去年四月左右觉得自己月经不规律，去医院检查妇科医生让我查了泌乳素发现很高大约1000，于是让我吃了溴隐婷四五个月。后来慢慢泌乳素恢复正常后，9月多复查时妇科医生让我去神经外科查查根源。拍了垂体平扫和增强片发现有垂体瘤大约1cm。医生让我继续吃溴隐婷。</span><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &#39;Hiragino Sans GB&#39;, Helvetica, &#39;microsoft yahei&#39;, simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: rgb(252, 252, 252);\">如果想先调理起来，再怀孕该怎么做？</span></p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1704,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486483339951,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486483339950,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"3643","isDel":0,"createAt":1486483729908,"createBy":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","createName":"海总剑客","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","title":"脑垂体瘤手术后，尿频，嘴苦","content":"<p><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &#39;Hiragino Sans GB&#39;, Helvetica, &#39;microsoft yahei&#39;, simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: rgb(252, 252, 252);\">男,34岁。3月前脑垂体瘤手术出院，目前白天2小时尿1次，晚上1.5小时尿1次，凌晨\\2点至6点尿1次，起来后嘴苦</span>，<span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &#39;Hiragino Sans GB&#39;, Helvetica, &#39;microsoft yahei&#39;, simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: rgb(252, 252, 252);\">尿频，嘴苦如何治疗？</span></p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1450,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486483729909,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486483729908,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"2886","isDel":0,"createAt":1486483641597,"createBy":"3cc2575ce14111e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"柠檬茶","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"3cc2575ce14111e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"脑垂体瘤，选择什么手术","content":"<p><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &#39;Hiragino Sans GB&#39;, Helvetica, &#39;microsoft yahei&#39;, simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: rgb(252, 252, 252);\">男,51岁。不能急转头部，眩晕，看不清，四五分钟保持头部稳定就好，平时一直头蒙</span>，脑垂体瘤，选择什么手术</p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1620,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486483641599,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486483641597,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"type2":[{"id":"8352","isDel":0,"createAt":1511837405093,"createBy":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"海绵宝宝","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"关于垂体瘤有哪些症状","content":"<p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1511838304222.jpg\" title=\"关于垂体瘤有哪些症状\" alt=\"关于垂体瘤有哪些症状\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、头痛，早期2/3患者有头痛、程度轻、间歇性发作。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、视力视野障碍。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3、肿瘤向后压迫垂体柄和下丘脑，表现为尿崩症，下丘脑功能障碍;累及第三脑室、室间孔，导水管可引起颅内压增高症状，至额叶可引起精神症状、癫痫、嗅觉障碍等。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1400,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1511837405095,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1511837405095,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"2871","isDel":0,"createAt":1486482780922,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"脑瘤的症状具体是什么","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　脑瘤是大家不陌生的疾病之一。患者会在早期感觉到头部不舒服，时常没有精神，感觉到头痛。而且情绪波抵用较大，还会出现头晕、恶心的情况，大家需注意一些发病症状，合理的进行治疗，那么，脑瘤的症状是什么呢?</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　脑瘤病人出现颅压增高后，常常可出现视乳头水肿，这是发现脑瘤重要的客观体征。病人可有视力减退，一过性黑蒙，及短暂的视觉丧失，甚至失明。脑瘤病人还可能表现为眩晕、嗜睡、情绪淡漠、记忆力减退等，有些病人表现为突然的癫痫样发作。 大脑对人体各部位的支配有精密的分工，不同部位的脑瘤，可以出现各自特异的定位体征，如大脑右侧的肿瘤常出现左侧肢体偏瘫;一侧脑干受伤时，出现交叉性麻痹;小脑半球肿瘤有患侧肢体协调动作障碍。反之，从肢体感觉、运动出现的不同障碍情况，可以推断出脑瘤的部位。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　脑瘤的早期表现多种多样，凭借个别的症状和体征，几乎不能诊断脑瘤。随着现代医学的不断发展，已经有很多辅助检查的方法，有助于脑瘤的早期诊断。脑电图、同位素扫描、X线头颅摄片、腰椎穿刺(脑脊液的检验)等，都具有一定的辅助诊断价值，气脑造影、脑血管造影对判定脑瘤的具体部位有重大帮助。脑超声波检查是一种无创伤的检查方法，对于可疑病人，经过超声波探测中线波的偏移与否，可以作出有无肿瘤的初步诊断，这种方法简便，病人乐于接受。比较先进的检查方法，还是电子计算机X线断层扫描(CT)或磁共振检查，可以广泛地应用于各种脑瘤的诊断，它发现颅内占位性病变的准确率约为98%，这是目前早期发现脑瘤的一种好方法。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　<strong style=\"color: #333333;\">　颅内肿瘤的主要临床症状。</strong></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　1、头痛：约见于80%的病人，是最常见的早期症状，但不是诊断的主要依据，凡能加重颅内压增高的因素，均可使头痛加剧。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　2、呕吐：与饮食无关，清晨多见。呕吐多与剧烈头痛相伴随，有时可呈喷射性，但非喷射性呕吐也不少见。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　3、视神经乳头水肿：早期无视力障碍，随着时间的延长，病情的发展，出现视野向心性缩小，晚期视神经继发性萎缩则视力迅速下降，这也是与视神经炎所致的假性视神经乳头水肿相区分的要点。视乳头水肿是&ldquo;三主症&rdquo;中的重要客观依据。</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1393,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486482780924,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486482780922,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"2571","isDel":0,"createAt":1486482747360,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"早期脑垂体瘤如何诊断？","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　对于脑垂体瘤这种疾病一般在确诊的时候，都是经过了相关的方式进行检查的，对于脑垂体瘤的的检查方法，大家是不是都了解呢？本文就来为大家分析一下关于脑垂体瘤确诊都有哪些方式，以下将要介绍的这些检查方法，具体的介绍看看下文吧。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　<strong style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51);\">　1、临床表现诊断：</strong></p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; 病人患病后不适症状，身体的变化，都是诊断最基本的资料。一些细微表现都可能作为重要的诊断和鉴别诊断的依据</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　<strong style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51);\">　2、内分泌检查：</strong></p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; 由于多数垂体瘤具有分泌激素的功能，在临床表现不明显，影像学尚不能提示有肿瘤时，垂体瘤激素已经发生改变。一些垂体瘤病例单纯靠内分泌检测即可做确诊。例如ACTH细胞腺瘤，多数病例从影像学上看不到肿瘤 。罕见的移位垂体瘤位于胸腔内，腹腔内等部位，主要依据内分泌来诊断。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\"><strong style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51);\">　　3、影像学检查：</strong></p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; (1)头颅X线平片：这是比较原始的诊断方法，根据蝶鞍骨质的变化 、鞍区钙化等变化判断有无肿瘤及鉴别诊断。(2)CT扫描：仅对大型垂体瘤有诊断价值，微小垂体瘤容易漏诊，不能作为诊断垂体瘤的主要工具。(3)MRI检查：是诊断垂体瘤最重要的工具，可以清楚地肿瘤的大小，形态，位置，与周围结果的关系。即使直径2-3毫米的肿瘤也可以显示出。但还有部分肿瘤的信号与周围正常垂体组织近似。两者难以区分，还需要结合临床表现和内分泌检查进行诊断。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\"><strong style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51);\">　　4、病理学检查：</strong></p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; 这是最为可靠的诊断方法，误诊率很低。病理诊断分普通切片HE染色光镜观察，这种手术只能作为大体诊断，不能分出肿瘤的类型。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　脑垂体瘤是很常见的脑肿瘤疾病，脑垂体瘤是生长在脑垂体上的良性肿瘤，虽然是良性但不及时治疗会危机到生命。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　脑垂体周围神经组织受压。患者会出现持续性的头痛、视力减退、视野缺损和眼底改变、精神异常，严重的病人还会出现脑积水，直接威胁生命。</p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1408,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486482747362,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486482747360,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"2339","isDel":0,"createAt":1486482719494,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"脑垂体瘤早期表现有哪些？","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; text-align: left;\">　　脑垂体瘤是很常见的脑肿瘤疾病，脑垂体瘤是生长在脑垂体上的良性肿瘤，虽然是良性但不及时治疗会危机到生命。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　脑垂体周围神经组织受压。患者会出现持续性的头痛、视力减退、视野缺损和眼底改变、精神异常，严重的病人还会出现脑积水，直接威胁生命。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　激素分泌过少，即激素功能低下。当垂体瘤较大时，正常的脑垂体组织就会遭受破坏，影响脑垂体功能，导致肾上腺、甲状腺及性腺功能低下，轻则会使人乏力、容易感冒、精神差、月经失调;重则会出现闭经、恶心呕吐、直立性低血压、黏液性水肿等;更为严重的病人会出现休克、低血糖、高热等症状，若不及时抢救甚至会导致死亡。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　激素分泌过多，即激素功能亢进。比如生长激素型垂体瘤，如果发生于儿童就会表现为巨人症，使得孩子的身材特别高大;如果发生于成人，则会表现为肢端肥大症，患者的下巴、鼻子莫名变大，面容发生改变，同时手足也会增大，鞋袜的尺码不断增加，血糖也会升高。泌乳素型垂体瘤是一种最常见的垂体瘤，男性患者常表现为性欲下降、阳痿，并伴有毛发胡须脱落等女性化倾向;女性患者则表现为月经不调甚至闭经、溢乳以及不孕。</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1440,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486482719498,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486482719494,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"2079","isDel":0,"createAt":1486482690160,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"女性脑垂体瘤有什么症状","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　女性脑垂体瘤有啥表现？脑垂体瘤是常见颅内肿瘤之一，目前垂体瘤在女性朋友身上的发生几率有增高的趋势，于是，女性脑垂体瘤有啥表现这个问题成为患者及其家属较为关注的问题之一，究竟女性脑垂体瘤有啥表现呢?以下是小编的相关介绍：</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　<strong style=\"color: #333333;\">　女性脑垂体瘤有啥表现？主要包括以下几点</strong>：</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　1、生长激素亢进：嗜酸性垂体腺瘤如发生在骨骺闭合前(成年前)表现为巨人症，发病在成年后则为肢端肥大症，介于两者之间的为混合型。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　2、促性腺激素亢进：促使其靶腺分泌性激素增多，男性初期可有性功能亢进，以后逐渐衰。女性则月经少，闭经，乳房发达，泌乳期可延长至停止哺乳后数年之久。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　3、嗜碱性细胞功能亢进：促甲状腺、促肾上腺及促性腺激素等均受影响，可产生柯兴综合征，患者表现为向心性肥胖，以脸、颈及躯干部更为明显，四肢相对瘦小，脸圆如满月，红润脂，常有痤疮，上背部也有脂肪沉着，皮肤非薄，伴紫纹，呈大理石样。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　4、垂体功能亢进：嗜酸性细胞能产生生长激素及催孔激素，嗜碱性细胞产生促甲状腺激素、促肾上腺激表及促性腺激素等。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　5、视神经受压症状与体征：由于肿瘤生长在蝶鞍内，向上发展则压迫视交叉或视神经而造成视力、视却的改变，90%以上的病人都有视力减退，也可为单眼视力减退，甚至造成一目或双目失明。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　6、内分泌及代谢障碍症状及体征：垂体腺内分泌功能很复杂，主要是在中枢神经的支配下，通过内分泌周围腺体控制着人体的生长、发育、物质代谢及性器官、性功能等生理活动的调节。已和垂体前叶有6种激素，即生长激素、促肾上腺皮质质激素、催乳激素、促甲状腺激素及两种促性腺激素。垂体后叶含有抗利尿激素与催产素等，故垂体后叶受累可出现尿崩症。</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1461,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486482690162,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486482690160,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"1831","isDel":0,"createAt":1486482662658,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"垂体瘤的临床表现有哪些？","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　垂体瘤是一个我们担心害怕的问题，没有人想被这个棘手的麻烦缠住，所以为了做到最好的自保，我们便是需要对其的一些常识做到认识了解。下面看看其内分泌表现的相关知识。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　一、同种类垂体腺瘤的内分泌表现</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　1、生长激素细胞腺瘤：早期瘤仅数毫米大小，主要表现为分泌生长激素过多。未成年病人可发生生长过速，甚至发育成巨人。成人以后为肢端肥大的表现。如面容改变，额头变大，下颌突出、鼻大唇厚、手指变粗、穿鞋戴帽觉紧，数次更换较大的型号，甚至必须特地制作，有的病人并有饭量增多，毛发皮肤粗糙，色素沉着，手指麻木等。重者感全身乏力，头痛关节痛，性功能减退，闭经不育，甚至并发糖尿病。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　2、催乳素细胞腺瘤：主要表现为闭经、溢乳、不育，重者腋毛脱落、皮肤苍白细腻、皮下脂肪增多，还有乏力、易倦、嗜睡、头痛、性功能减退等。男性则表现为性欲减退、阳痿、乳腺增生、胡须稀少、重者生殖器官萎缩、精子数目减少、不育等，男性女性变者不多。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　3、促肾上腺皮质激素细胞腺瘤：临床表现为身体向心性肥胖、满月脸、水牛背、多血质、腹部大腿部皮肤有紫纹、毳毛增多等。重者闭经、性欲减退、全身乏力，甚至卧床不起。有的病人并有高血压、糖尿病等。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　4、甲状腺刺激素细胞瘤：少见，由于垂体甲状腺刺激素分泌过盛，引起甲亢症状，在垂体瘤摘除后甲亢症状即消失。另有甲状腺机能低下反馈引起垂体腺发生局灶增生，渐渐发展成垂体腺瘤，长大后也可引起蝶鞍扩大、附近组织受压迫的症状。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　5、滤泡刺激素细胞腺瘤：非常少见，只有个别报告临床有性功能减退、闭经、不育、精子数目减少等。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　6、黑色素刺激素细胞腺瘤：非常少见，只有个别报告病人皮肤黑色沉着，不伴皮质醇增多。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　7、内分泌功能不活跃腺瘤：早期病人无特殊感觉肿瘤长大，可压迫垂体致垂体功能不足的临床表现。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　8、恶性垂体瘤：病史短，病情进展快，不只是肿瘤长大压迫垂体组织，并且向四周侵犯，致鞍底骨质破坏或浸入海绵窦，引起动眼神经麻痹或外展神经麻痹。有时肿瘤穿破鞍底长至蝶窦内，短时期内神经症状暂不明显。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　二、视力视野障碍：早期垂体腺瘤常无视力视野障碍</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　如肿瘤长大，向上伸展，压迫视交叉，则出现视野缺损，外上象限首先受影响，红视野最先表现出来。以后病变增大，压迫较重，则白视野也受影响，渐渐缺损可扩大至双颞侧偏盲。如果未及时治疗，视野缺损可再扩大，并且视力也有减退，以致全盲。因为垂体瘤多为良性，初期病变可持续相当时间，待病情严重时，视力视野障碍可突然加剧，如果肿瘤偏于一侧，可致单眼偏盲或失明。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　三、其他神经症状和体征</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　如果垂体瘤向后上生长压迫垂体柄或下丘脑，可致多饮多尿;如果肿瘤向侧方生长侵犯海绵窦壁，则出现动眼神经或外展神经麻痹;如果肿瘤穿过鞍隔再向上生长致额叶腹侧部，有时出现精神症状;如果肿瘤向后上生长阻塞第三脑室前部和室间孔，则出现头痛呕吐等颅内压增高症状;如果肿瘤向后生长，可压迫脑干致昏迷、瘫痪或去大脑强直等。</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1429,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486482662660,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486482662658,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"metaSearch":{"description":"为您提供:泌乳素垂体瘤症状_垂体瘤术后能要孩子吗_垂体瘤手术后注意事项_垂体瘤病友的治疗经验等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"泌乳素垂体瘤症状_垂体瘤术后能要孩子吗_垂体瘤手术后注意事项","title":"泌乳素垂体瘤症状_垂体瘤术后能要孩子吗_垂体瘤手术后注意事项","channels":{"病友社区":{"description":"为病友提供:垂体瘤论坛_病友交流平台_病友论坛，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"垂体瘤论坛_病友交流平台_病友论坛","title":"垂体瘤论坛_病友交流平台_病友论坛","channels":null},"治疗":{"description":"为您提供:脑垂体瘤的治疗方法_垂体瘤手术治疗方法_垂体瘤最好的治疗方法等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"脑垂体瘤的治疗方法_垂体瘤手术治疗方法_垂体瘤最好的治疗方法","title":"脑垂体瘤的治疗方法_垂体瘤手术治疗方法_垂体瘤最好的治疗方法","channels":null},"症状":{"description":"为您提供:脑部垂体瘤症状是什么_脑垂体瘤有哪些症状_垂体瘤复发的症状等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"脑部垂体瘤症状是什么_脑垂体瘤有哪些症状_垂体瘤复发的症状","title":"脑部垂体瘤症状是什么_脑垂体瘤有哪些症状_垂体瘤复发的症状","channels":null},"并发症":{"description":"为您提供:脑垂体瘤后遗症_脑垂体瘤手术后遗症_垂体瘤微创手术后遗症等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"脑垂体瘤后遗症_脑垂体瘤手术后遗症_垂体瘤微创手术后遗症","title":"脑垂体瘤后遗症_脑垂体瘤手术后遗症_垂体瘤微创手术后遗症","channels":null},"饮食":{"description":"为您提供:脑垂体瘤不能吃什么_吃什么治疗垂体瘤_脑垂体瘤术后吃什么等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"脑垂体瘤不能吃什么_吃什么治疗垂体瘤_脑垂体瘤术后吃什么","title":"脑垂体瘤不能吃什么_吃什么治疗垂体瘤_脑垂体瘤术后吃什么","channels":null},"病因":{"description":"为您提供:垂体瘤怎么得的_脑垂体瘤是怎么回事_长脑垂体瘤的原因等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"垂体瘤怎么得的_脑垂体瘤是怎么回事_长脑垂体瘤的原因","title":"垂体瘤怎么得的_脑垂体瘤是怎么回事_长脑垂体瘤的原因","channels":null},"病友求助":{"description":"为您提供:脑垂体瘤不治疗可以吗_垂体瘤能治好吗_脑垂体瘤能活多久等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"脑垂体瘤不治疗可以吗_垂体瘤能治好吗_脑垂体瘤能活多久","title":"脑垂体瘤不治疗可以吗_垂体瘤能治好吗_脑垂体瘤能活多久","channels":null},"预防":{"description":"为您提供:垂体瘤术后如何不复发_怎样预防垂体瘤等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"垂体瘤术后如何不复发_怎样预防垂体瘤","title":"垂体瘤术后如何不复发_怎样预防垂体瘤","channels":null}}},"focus":0,"type1":[{"id":"9541","isDel":0,"createAt":1513651675839,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"三维调强治疗垂体瘤","content":"<p style=\"margin: 4px 0px; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1513652543525.png\" title=\"三维调强治疗垂体瘤\" alt=\"三维调强治疗垂体瘤\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">脑垂体瘤是一种常见的危害生命健康的肿瘤疾病。那么你知道放疗治疗脑垂体瘤有哪些注意事项呢？</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">垂体瘤是常见的头部良性肿瘤，对于垂体微腺瘤和相对较小的大腺瘤，伽玛刀已成为公认的首选治疗手段。这是因为，放射治疗可阻止肿瘤进一步生长并最终使分泌增多的激素水平下降，特别是在控制瘤体生长方面，效果明确。肿瘤的局部控制率达</span>80%—90%。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">垂体瘤放疗技术长足进步</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">据专家介绍，垂体瘤的放射治疗技术上需要注意如何提高肿瘤治疗剂量，而使周边正常垂体组织、视神经、视交叉、视束、下丘脑及颞叶脑组织受到最小的辐射剂量。近年来随着放射治疗设备的不断更新，放射治疗技术的不断提高，特别是伽玛刀技术的普及、调强技术的发展，垂体瘤常规放射治疗的并发症如颞叶脑组织放射性损伤、视通路损伤、垂体低功（治疗前已有垂体低功者除外）等几近消失。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">伽玛刀是应用立体三维定位方法，把高能射线准确地汇聚在颅内靶灶上，可以在较短时间和有限范围内使辐射线达最大剂量，而靶区灶周围剂量迅速衰减，从而使肿瘤与周围正常组织所受到的放射剂量相差甚大，一次性或分次毁损靶区组织，治疗垂体瘤需要的边缘剂量</span>16—25Gy。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">调强技术主要是针对肿瘤巨大，超出伽玛刀治疗范围，患者不能耐受手术或不愿手术者；肿瘤复发者。采用多个固定野，每野使用整体适形挡块的技术照射，有条件者可采用适形调强技术。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">放疗前后的注意事项</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">放射治疗前应完成对病人的整体评估，包括：一般查体及眼科专项检查（评估患者对放射治疗能否耐受及视神经、视交叉受肿瘤的影响程度）；相关化验检查：垂体激素全项、血常规、凝血常规、肝炎六项等；影像强化磁共振资料（选择治疗方案的最重要的依据），其能更好地显示肿瘤及其与周围组织的解剖关系，可以区分视交叉和蝶鞍隔膜，清楚显示脑血管及垂体肿瘤是否侵犯海绵窦和蝶窦、垂体柄是否受压等情况，</span>MRI比CT检查更容易发现小的病变。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">治疗后患者应定期随访，随访的内容包括患者症状学的改变、内分泌水平的变化、影像学的改变。这些随访内容应是一个动态观察的过程，通常以年为单位。需要注意的是资料的保存是动态评估治疗效果前提。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">治疗后短期内患者一般无明显自感症状，少数患者偶有头痛、头晕及脱发等反应，经甘露醇、激素对症处理大多可缓解。值得注意的是如出现突然剧烈头痛，并且经对症处理后不能缓解，应警惕出现肿瘤卒中可能，</span>CT检查可直接显示出肿瘤是否出血以及出血量的多少。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1395,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1513651675841,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1513651675841,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"4762","isDel":0,"createAt":1486482563206,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"垂体瘤晚期的症状表现是哪些","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　垂体瘤在出现之后会造成患者出现头痛，而且还会导致视神经受到影响，平时大家需要关注这种疾病出现，而且，要注意其中的症状，避免造成神经受到压迫，导致患者深受影响，要注意改变自己的事业，垂体瘤晚期的症状表现都有哪些？</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; text-align: center;\">&nbsp;</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\"><strong style=\"color: #333333;\">　　垂体瘤晚期症状表现有哪些?主要有以下几点：</strong></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　1.激素变化：各型分泌性腺瘤可分泌过多的激素，早期即可产生不同的内分泌亢进症状。无分泌功能腺瘤可压迫及破坏垂体前叶细胞，造成促激素减少及相应靶细胞功能减退，临床产生内分泌功能减退症状。少数内分泌性腺瘤病例在病程晚期亦可产生垂体功能减退。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　2.垂体瘤晚期症状表现有哪些?临近症状：脑垂体瘤向鞍外生长压迫邻近结构而引起。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　3.视神经受压症状：脑垂体瘤向上方生长可将鞍隔顶高或突破鞍隔向上压迫视神经交叉而产生视力、视野改变等。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　4.头痛：约2/3无分泌性脑垂体瘤患者可有头痛，但不太严重。肿瘤向第三脑室生长阻塞室间孔引起颅内压增高可引起弥漫性头痛。有时肿瘤内出血或肿瘤的囊肿破裂可引起急性剧烈头痛。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　<strong style=\"color: #333333;\">预防垂体瘤的方法有哪些?主要有以下几点：</strong></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　1、养成良好的生活习惯，戒烟限酒。吸烟，世界卫生组织预言，如果人们都不再吸烟，5年之后，世界上的癌症将减少1/3;其次，不酗酒。烟和酒是极酸的酸性物质，长期吸烟喝酒的人，极易导致酸性体质。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　2、垂体瘤的预防方法有哪些?有良好的心态应对压力，劳逸结合，不要过度疲劳。可见压力是重要的癌症诱因，中医认为压力导致过劳体虚从而引起免疫功能下降、内分泌失调，体内代谢紊乱，导致体内酸性物质的沉积;压力也可导致精神紧张引起气滞血淤、毒火内陷等。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　3、垂体瘤的预防方法有哪些?不要过多地吃咸而辣的食物，不吃过热、过冷、过期及变质的食物;年老体弱或有某种疾病遗传基因者酌情吃一些防癌食品和含碱量高的碱性食品，保持良好的精神状态。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　4、加强体育锻炼，增强体质，多在阳光下运动，多出汗可将体内酸性物质随汗液排出体外，避免形成酸性体质。</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1390,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486482563208,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486482563206,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"4407","isDel":0,"createAt":1486482527430,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"成年人患垂体瘤疾病有哪些症状","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; text-align: center;\">&nbsp;</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　垂体瘤是我们生活中一种常见的良性肿瘤，对患者的身体危害很大，垂体瘤通常，发生于青壮年时期，通常会影响患者的生育能力和发育能力，人们因为缺乏相关的知识，没有及时发现垂体瘤的疾病，那么，垂体瘤疾病到底有哪些症状呢!我们一起来了解。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　<strong style=\"color: #333333;\">　1、视力下降视野缺损</strong></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　垂体腺瘤在蝶鞍内可以突破鞍底向下生长，并向两侧侵及颅内的重要血管和神经，但最常见的生长方式是向鞍上发展而压迫视交叉和视神经，引起视力下降和视野缺损，患者往往诉说视力下降、看不到两边，出现了视力视野障碍需尽快手术。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　<strong style=\"color: #333333;\">　2、面容及形体的改变</strong></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　生长激素型垂体腺瘤由于生长激素分泌过多，导致四肢、肌肉和内脏过度生长。在青春期骨骺未融合前表现为巨人症，成人则表现为手脚变大，头颅及面容宽大，颧骨高，鼻肥大，唇增厚，皮肤松弛、粗黑、毛发增多，并出现声音嘶哑、睡眠打鼾及睡眠呼吸暂停综合征。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　<strong style=\"color: #333333;\">3、性功能低下</strong></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　垂体腺瘤造成性功能低下的原因主要有：垂体腺瘤对正常垂体组织的压迫及放射性治疗的损伤造成垂体功能低下，影响了人体内的下丘脑&mdash;垂体&mdash;性腺轴，以致促性腺激素分泌不足，进一步导致性腺功能低下;患泌乳素型垂体微腺瘤影响性生活，与高泌乳素血症抑制了促性腺激素的释放、降低了垂体反应性并减少睾酮生成有关;促甲状腺素型垂体腺瘤由于甲状腺功能低下，全身代谢缓慢，使体内雌激素和雄激素的代谢随甲状腺素的缺乏而减少;促肾上腺皮质激素型和生长激素型垂体腺瘤所引起的肥胖亦是性功能低下的原因之一。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　<strong style=\"color: #333333;\">　4、头痛</strong></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　约有2/3的患者早期有头痛症状，疼痛主要位于眼眶后、前额部及双侧太阳穴附近，程度较轻，呈间歇性发作。</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1866,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486482527432,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486482527430,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"4147","isDel":0,"createAt":1486482496636,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"了解脑垂体瘤的症状很重要","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; text-align: center;\">&nbsp;</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　虽然脑垂体瘤是种良性肿瘤，但这个病的出现，给患者带来了很大痛苦，同时在日常的生活中脑垂体瘤给患者的生活带来了极大的不便，造成多方面的功能障碍，从而了解脑垂体瘤的症状是治疗的关键，下面一块看下专家的讲解。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　脑垂体瘤的症状1：嗜碱性细胞功能亢进：促甲状腺、促肾上腺及促性腺激素等均受影响，可产生柯兴综合征，患者表现为向心性肥胖，以脸、颈及躯干部更为明显，四肢相对瘦小，脸圆如满月，红润脂，常有痤疮，上背部也有脂肪沉着，皮肤非薄，伴紫纹，呈大理石样。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　脑垂体瘤的症状2：促性腺激素亢进：促使其靶腺分泌性激素增多，男性初期可有性功能亢进，以后逐渐衰。女性则月经少，闭经，乳房发达，泌乳期可延长至停止哺乳后数年之久。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　脑垂体瘤的症状3：生长激素亢进：嗜酸性垂体腺瘤如发生在骨骺闭合前(成年前)表现为巨人症，发病在成年后则为肢端肥大症，介于两者之间的为混合型。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　脑垂体瘤的症状4：垂体功能亢进：嗜酸性细胞能产生生长激素及催孔激素。嗜碱性细胞产生促甲状腺激素、促肾上腺激表及促性腺激素等。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　脑垂体瘤的症状5：垂体功能低下：垂体功能低下的程度与正常垂体腺细胞受压的程度有关。由于垂体前叶机能低下以致其所控制的内分泌腺萎缩，表现多方面的功能障碍。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　脑垂体瘤的症状6：内分泌及代谢障碍症状及体征：垂体腺内分泌功能很复杂，主要是在中枢神经的支配下，通过内分泌周围腺体控制着人体的生长、发育、物质代谢及性器官、性功能等生理活动的调节。已和垂体前叶有6种激素，即生长激素、促肾上腺皮质质激素、催乳激素、促甲状腺激素及两种促性腺激素。垂体后叶含有抗利尿激素与催产素等，故垂体后叶受累可出现尿崩症。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　脑垂体瘤的症状7：视神经受压症状与体征：由于肿瘤生长在蝶鞍内，向上发展则压迫视交叉或视神经而造成视力、视却的改变，90%以上的病人都有视力减退，也可为单眼视力减退，甚至造成一目或双目失明。</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1404,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486482496637,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486482496636,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"1468","isDel":0,"createAt":1486482620486,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"脑垂体瘤有哪些症状","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　垂体瘤对我们来说有些陌生，但大家只有了解了它的症状才能够早日发现这个病，垂体瘤在出现时，容易影响到患者的生活，平时大家需要尽早了解疾病的出现，而且要注意饮食方式，科学进行治疗，了解早期的症状，避免造成头痛导致精神异常，造成视力障碍，同时也会造成耳鸣耳聋，脑垂体瘤有哪些症状？</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　<strong style=\"color: #333333;\">　脑垂体瘤的早期症状有哪些?</strong></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　1、头痛：性质多较剧烈，常在清晨发作，有时在睡眠中被痛醒，但起床轻度活动后头痛就会逐渐缓解或消失。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　2、精神异常：位于大脑前部额叶的脑瘤可破坏额叶的精神活动，引起兴奋、躁动、忧郁、压抑、遗忘、虚构等精神异常表现。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　3、呕吐：由于颅内压力的增高，致使延髓呼吸中枢受到刺激，从而出现呕吐，呕吐多在头痛之后出现，呈喷射状。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　4、视力障碍：颅内压增高时会使眼球静脉血回流不畅，导致淤血水肿，损伤眼底视网膜上的视觉细胞，致视力下降。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　5、偏瘫或踉跄步态：小脑部病变更具特异性，即患者常在头痛、呕吐、视物障碍之后，出现偏瘫或踉跄的醉酒步态。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　6、耳鸣、耳聋：此种多在打电话时发觉，即一耳能听到，另一耳则听不到。该表现多是听神经瘤的先兆。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　7、幼儿生长发育停止：常见于颅咽管瘤。临床表现为十五六岁身材只有五六岁高，性征亦不发育，肚皮上堆满脂肪，看上去大有少年发福之势。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　8、巨人症:多见于脑垂体瘤。表现为病人生长迅速，出现肢端肥大症(大下巴、大鼻子、口唇、舌头均肥大、手足异常粗大)。</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1740,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486482620487,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486482620486,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"1234","isDel":0,"createAt":1486482591698,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"垂体瘤的早期症状有哪些","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　对于垂体瘤这种脑部肿瘤疾病，大家了解多少呢！它给患者的身体带来很大的伤害，不仅如此，而且给家庭带来很大的经济压力，因此我们要多了解这种疾病的有关知识，才能够做到早发现、早治疗，争取在早期治愈垂体瘤，远离他给我们带来的伤害。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　垂体瘤的早期症状都有哪些?主要有以下几点：</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　1、垂体后叶及丘脑下部受累。肿瘤影响垂体后叶或丘脑下部则可产生嗜唾、多饮、多尿、体温低下以及水、电解质及脂肪代谢障碍等。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　2、垂体瘤的症状表现有哪些?视神经受压。由于肿瘤生长在蝶鞍内，向上发展则压迫视交叉或视神经而造成视力、视野的改变，90%以上的病人都有视力减退，也可为单眼视力减退，甚至造成一目或双目失明。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　3、内分泌及代谢障碍。垂体腺内分泌功能很复杂，主要是在中枢神经的支配下，通过内分泌控制人体的生长、发育、物质代谢及性器官、性功能等生理活动的调节。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　4、垂体瘤的症状表现有哪些?垂体功能低下。垂体功能低下的程度与正常垂体腺细胞受压的程度有关。由于垂体前叶机能低下以致其所控制的内分泌腺萎缩，表现多方面的功能障碍：①性功能低下及第二性征的改变;②甲状腺功能减退;③肾上腺皮质功能减退。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　5、垂体功能亢进。嗜酸性细胞能产生生长激素及催乳激素。嗜碱性细胞产生促甲状腺激素、促肾上腺激素及促性腺激素等。因此，这类肿瘤可造成垂体功能亢进，尤其是在早期。嗜酸性腺瘤虽可有生长激素分泌过多，但又可挤压嗜碱性细胞，造成其功能低下。</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1789,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486482591700,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486482591698,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"type0":[{"id":"9698","isDel":0,"createAt":1513912194443,"createBy":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"海绵宝宝","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"世界第一女巨人姚德芬关于垂体瘤有什么不良影响","content":"<p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1513912621632.jpg\" title=\"世界第一女巨人姚德芬关于垂体瘤有什么不良影响\" alt=\"世界第一女巨人姚德芬关于垂体瘤有什么不良影响\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">吃</span>4个人的饭、穿78码的鞋、睡2.5米的床，这是被称作“世界第一女巨人”姚德芬的生活写照。但这位比篮球巨星姚明还高10厘米的安徽姑娘姚德芬，近日却不得不躺在医院的病床上。因为，她的身高是长年罹患垂体瘤导致“巨人症”的结果。</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">垂体瘤有什么不良影响</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">呢，</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">由于</span><strong style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">垂体瘤</strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">带来的肢端肥大、骨质疏松、高血压等一系列疾病，使她生活无法自理，甚至不能独自站立。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">垂体瘤其实是一种常见的神经系统良性肿瘤，它的表现不仅只有</span>“巨人症”对垂体瘤的不了解源于大家对其“症状”辨别不清。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">临床中，经常遇到这样的情况：有的病人出现视力障碍，跑去眼科治疗</span>;有的病人长期不孕、月经紊乱等，跑到妇科和中医科调经;有的病人出现性欲下降、阳痿等，则去男科求治。可是治来治去，科室跑了不少，病却不见好。实际上，这个时候有可能是垂体瘤作怪，因为垂体有六种激素，任何一种激素分泌过多或者过少都会引起不同的症状。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">找良医网</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">专家介绍说，位于大脑底部不足一粒花生米大小的脑垂体却是人体内分泌的</span>“司令部”，掌控着人体的重要内分泌功能，一旦垂体出现异常情况，很容易导致人体内分泌功能失调。常见垂体瘤临床表现集中于三个类型：一种是垂体腺瘤本身分泌很多泌乳素，泌乳素增高时，女性表现为闭经、不育;男性表现为性功能障碍。还有一种是生长激素，生长激素高时，在青少年主要表现是巨人症，身高可达2米以上，“女巨人”姚德芬就属于这种情况;成年人则是肢端肥大，整个人相貌变得丑陋、走形。还有一种是引起肾上腺皮脂分泌异常，表现为水牛背、面部痤疮、尿频等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">尽管表现症状千差万别，确诊却并不难。比如生长激素异常，患者明显的体征异常即可判断。育龄期女性，月经周期突然变长或消失，考虑妇科疾病的同时也要想到是不是垂体腺瘤病。患者需要进行内分泌检查、激素测定、磁共振等检查，可找到真正的病根。如果能及早发现，很多病人通过手术可以得到根治。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1747,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1513912194445,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1513912194445,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"9691","isDel":0,"createAt":1513911201536,"createBy":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"海绵宝宝","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"突然闭经   有可能是垂体腺瘤","content":"<p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">30岁的郑女士身体一直很好，但近3个月都没来月经，到北京人民解放军医院就诊，用“黄体酮”、“倍美力”等药物治疗后，月经来潮仍旧不规律，且月经量很少。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1513911469687.jpg\" title=\"突然闭经？有可能是垂体腺瘤\" alt=\"突然闭经？有可能是垂体腺瘤\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">前不久，她到医院神经外科就诊，经过脑部核磁共振检查，确诊是</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\">垂体腺瘤</span></strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">。经手术治疗后，月经正常了，各项内分泌检查指标也恢复了正常。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">有关专家指出，随着现代生活节奏的加快和精神压力的增加，很多疾病更青睐现代女性。据统计，近几年女性</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\">垂体腺瘤</span></strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">的患病率明显增加，很多女性出现不明原因的闭经、溢乳症状。由于不知该怎样正确就诊，很多患者延误了治疗时机。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\">垂体腺瘤</span></strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">在临床上症状很多，既可表现为肢端肥大或巨大症，也可以表现为闭经、溢乳或性欲减退等；少数人表现为甲亢或甲低；少数病人没有明显的内分泌失调症状，仅有视力、视野改变。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\">垂体腺瘤</span></strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">是常见的颅内良性肿瘤，</span>30—40岁多见，人群发生率一般为十万分之一，有的报道高达十万分之七，约占颅内肿瘤的10％以上。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">一旦诊断为</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\">垂体腺瘤</span></strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">，患者不必过度紧张焦虑，目前</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\">垂体腺瘤</span></strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">的治疗方法很多。对于有明显症状的患者，应根据病情在医生的指导下选择药物治疗（如泌乳素瘤选用多巴胺抑制剂类，生长激素腺瘤选用拟生长抑素类药物）、神经外科手术治疗等。手术治疗主要针对药物治疗效果不佳、肿瘤体积较大、颅内压迫症状较重的</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\">垂体腺瘤</span></strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">患者。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1514,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1513911201538,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1513911201538,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"9690","isDel":0,"createAt":1513910711937,"createBy":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"海绵宝宝","updateAt":1513910734566,"updateBy":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"海绵宝宝","userId":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"脑垂体瘤是什么原因引起来的","content":"<p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1513911577455.jpg\" title=\"1513911577455.jpg\" alt=\"u=3395427944,1220214707&amp;fm=200&amp;gp=0.jpg\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\">脑垂体原因</span></strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">位于大脑正中和双眼后方，脑垂体是人体内分泌的总司令部，控制人体内分泌功能，包括血糖、电解质，人体的高矮、男性性征如胡须，女性的月经等都是脑垂体的功能。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\">脑垂体肿瘤</span></strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">出现</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">的时候内分泌功能就会发生改变，人体的代谢以及相应的脏器就会发生一些病理变化，这个病理变化就会带来一些临床症状，肿瘤可以包裹脑垂体，也可以从脑垂体体内生长出来，挤压脑垂体，导致脑垂体功能异常。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1489,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1513910711939,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1513910711939,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"9681","isDel":0,"createAt":1513849170669,"createBy":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"海绵宝宝","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"脑垂体瘤发病的原因是什么","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1513850104745.jpg\" title=\"脑垂体瘤发病的原因是什么\" alt=\"脑垂体瘤发病的原因是什么\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体;font-size:16px\">一、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">垂体细胞自身存在缺陷：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体;font-weight:bold;font-size:16px\">1、</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\">脑垂体</span></strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">是生产内分泌的器官，内函数种内分泌细。胞垂体腺瘤来源于一个突变的细胞，并随之发生单克隆扩增或自身突变导致的细胞复制。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体;font-size:16px\">2、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">外部促发因素的介入或缺乏抑制因素：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">①DA(多巴胺)受体基因表达的缺陷。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">②癌基因和抑癌基因的作用：癌基因实际上是参与细胞正常生长调节的一类基因，有些癌基因产物即是生长因子及其受体，另一些则是参与生长信号在细胞内的传递过程，其表达的异常均可导致异常的细胞增生。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体;font-size:16px\">二、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">下丘脑调节功能失常：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体;font-size:16px\">1、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">下丘脑多肽激素促发垂体细胞的增殖，如移植入</span>GHRH基因后，可引发大鼠促GH细胞增生，并进而发展成真正的垂体肿瘤。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、抑制因素的缺乏对肿瘤发生也可起促进作用，如ACTH腺瘤可发生于原发性肾上腺皮质功能低下的病人。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1565,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1513849170670,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1513849170670,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"7957","isDel":0,"createAt":1511229185663,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"你了解脑垂体瘤的三大病因吗","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">脑垂体瘤是一种多发的肿瘤，对人们的生活带来许多不便，脑垂体瘤的病因也成为人们争相关注的焦点。</span></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1511230055260.png\" title=\"你了解脑垂体瘤的三大病因吗\" alt=\"你了解脑垂体瘤的三大病因吗\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">一、血管因素：垂体腺瘤内血管丰富，形成不规则血窦，血窦壁菲薄，肿瘤体积增大引起局部压力增高导致血管破裂出血。现代血管造影技术已证实垂体腺瘤内血管比正常腺体的血管细小，直径不一。在电镜下观察这些血管不完全成熟，其基底膜呈破裂或节段状，血管周围间隙被血浆蛋白和红细胞压缩，这些均是垂体腺瘤出血的基础。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">二、肿瘤类型：泌乳素腺瘤多见，这不仅因为它在垂体腺瘤中较多见，而且由于该瘤体积一般较大，易引起局部血液循环和血供障碍。以往认为垂体卒中多见于体积较大的腺瘤，但目前认为小腺瘤亦可发生，许多微小腺瘤卒中后，临床症状不明显，称为亚临床垂体卒中。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">三、外部刺激诱发：外伤在患垂体腺瘤时，若头部受到外力作用，由于头颅与脑运动速度不一致，肿瘤与脑颅在运动的瞬间发生挤压或牵拉，导致或促进供瘤血管出血，尤其是肿瘤病理血管。垂体腺瘤放射治疗可以使得瘤体内血管增加，增加出血的机会。有实验表明，雌激素能导致垂体充血，易出现垂体卒中。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1690,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1511229185665,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1511229185665,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"lyBar":{"id":"1025","isDel":0,"createAt":1483430570018,"createBy":"system","createName":"system","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"name":"垂体瘤","type":102,"twoCode":"http://zhao01.com/zly_img/zly_wx.jpg","image":null,"provinceId":null,"cityId":null,"illId":"6eb86669bb5f11e6a61c00163e04584d","hospitalId":null,"keyWord":null,"totleTopic":0,"barDesc":null,"discussBarType":null,"metaSearch":"{\"channels\":{\"病友社区\":{\"description\":\"为病友提供:垂体瘤论坛_病友交流平台_病友论坛，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"垂体瘤论坛_病友交流平台_病友论坛\",\"title\":\"垂体瘤论坛_病友交流平台_病友论坛\"},\"治疗\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:脑垂体瘤的治疗方法_垂体瘤手术治疗方法_垂体瘤最好的治疗方法等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"脑垂体瘤的治疗方法_垂体瘤手术治疗方法_垂体瘤最好的治疗方法\",\"title\":\"脑垂体瘤的治疗方法_垂体瘤手术治疗方法_垂体瘤最好的治疗方法\"},\"症状\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:脑部垂体瘤症状是什么_脑垂体瘤有哪些症状_垂体瘤复发的症状等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"脑部垂体瘤症状是什么_脑垂体瘤有哪些症状_垂体瘤复发的症状\",\"title\":\"脑部垂体瘤症状是什么_脑垂体瘤有哪些症状_垂体瘤复发的症状\"},\"并发症\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:脑垂体瘤后遗症_脑垂体瘤手术后遗症_垂体瘤微创手术后遗症等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"脑垂体瘤后遗症_脑垂体瘤手术后遗症_垂体瘤微创手术后遗症\",\"title\":\"脑垂体瘤后遗症_脑垂体瘤手术后遗症_垂体瘤微创手术后遗症\"},\"饮食\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:脑垂体瘤不能吃什么_吃什么治疗垂体瘤_脑垂体瘤术后吃什么等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"脑垂体瘤不能吃什么_吃什么治疗垂体瘤_脑垂体瘤术后吃什么\",\"title\":\"脑垂体瘤不能吃什么_吃什么治疗垂体瘤_脑垂体瘤术后吃什么\"},\"病因\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:垂体瘤怎么得的_脑垂体瘤是怎么回事_长脑垂体瘤的原因等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"垂体瘤怎么得的_脑垂体瘤是怎么回事_长脑垂体瘤的原因\",\"title\":\"垂体瘤怎么得的_脑垂体瘤是怎么回事_长脑垂体瘤的原因\"},\"病友求助\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:脑垂体瘤不治疗可以吗_垂体瘤能治好吗_脑垂体瘤能活多久等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"脑垂体瘤不治疗可以吗_垂体瘤能治好吗_脑垂体瘤能活多久\",\"title\":\"脑垂体瘤不治疗可以吗_垂体瘤能治好吗_脑垂体瘤能活多久\"},\"预防\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:垂体瘤术后如何不复发_怎样预防垂体瘤等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"垂体瘤术后如何不复发_怎样预防垂体瘤\",\"title\":\"垂体瘤术后如何不复发_怎样预防垂体瘤\"}},\"description\":\"为您提供:泌乳素垂体瘤症状_垂体瘤术后能要孩子吗_垂体瘤手术后注意事项_垂体瘤病友的治疗经验等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"泌乳素垂体瘤症状_垂体瘤术后能要孩子吗_垂体瘤手术后注意事项\",\"title\":\"泌乳素垂体瘤症状_垂体瘤术后能要孩子吗_垂体瘤手术后注意事项\"}","adInfo":null},"zlyBar":{"id":"1025","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"name":null,"type":0,"twoCode":null,"image":null,"provinceId":null,"cityId":null,"illId":null,"hospitalId":null,"keyWord":null,"totleTopic":0,"barDesc":null,"discussBarType":null,"metaSearch":null,"adInfo":null},"herfList":[],"forumUserFocusBar":{"id":null,"isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"barId":null,"barName":null,"barType":0,"webType":0,"userType":0},"days":0,"dataCache":{"ad":[{"name":"","content":"","url":"www.baidu.com","img":"http://www.01luntan.com/ly_img/book-yl.jpg"},{"name":"","content":"","url":"www.baidu.com","img":"http://www.01luntan.com/ly_img/book-yl.jpg"}],"row0_01":[{"name":"","content":"","url":"https://www.zhao01.com/news/bbs/30258","img":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1702281952092.jpg"}],"row0_02":[{"name":"状腺疾病的临床诊治","content":"","url":"www.baidu.com","img":"http://img0.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=3069164470,1397462178&fm=206&gp=0.jpg"},{"name":"惊人病例：Infliximab 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