{"type5":[],"type4":[{"id":"27480","isDel":0,"createAt":1571733688749,"createBy":"425fdc1d2e6111e8a3d800163e04584d","createName":"求一红颜笑看余生","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"425fdc1d2e6111e8a3d800163e04584d","title":"房颤与喝酒有关系吗","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">在丁荣晶教授《心肌梗死与心肌康复》读者交流群里</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">，有病人曾经问过关于房颤的事宜：</span></span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">房颤与喝酒有关系吗</span></span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">？找良医网告诉你，既往研究已经表明，重度饮酒是新发房颤的危险因素之一。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1571734120274.jpeg\" title=\"房颤与喝酒有关系吗\" alt=\"房颤与喝酒有关系吗\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">可能有些人就会认为，只要不是每次狂饮烂醉，经常喝点小酒是没有关系的。然而，近期一项韩国</span>977万余人的研究发现，经常喝小酒的房颤风险更高，明显大于不频繁的大酒。 </span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">研究者指出，鉴于饮酒对健康的影响，相关指南都着重强调减少饮酒量，而不是喝酒频率。</span> </span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">该研究说明，减少喝酒次数预防房颤最重要！</span> </span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">分析显示，与每周喝两次酒的人相比，每天都喝酒的人新发房颤的风险增加</span>41.2%，每周只喝一次酒的人新发房颤的风险则较低。不论每周酒精摄入量是否超过210 g，频繁喝酒均与新发房颤风险有关。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">与既往研究一致的是，每周酒精摄入总量也与新发房颤有关。每周酒精摄入量每增加</span>1 g，新发房颤风险增加2%。与轻度饮酒者相比，中度、重度饮酒者发生房颤的风险分别增加7.7%和21.5%。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">该研究入选了</span>2009年接受体检、无房颤的韩国人，其中9.7%和6.9%为中度、重度饮酒者，一直随访至2017年。在该研究中，轻度、中度、重度饮酒分别定义为：每周酒精摄入量0~&lt;105 g、105~&lt;210 g、≥210 g</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">。</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;<img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1571734453645.JPG\" title=\"房颤与喝酒有关系吗\" alt=\"房颤与喝酒有关系吗\" width=\"219\" height=\"300\"/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">欢迎扫描二维码加入</span>QQ群，听听病友们怎么说，听听医生怎么说！</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1151,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1571733688750,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1571733688750,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8888","isDel":0,"createAt":1512628949840,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"房颤预防首先要有良好的饮食习惯","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;<img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512629783550.jpg\" title=\"房颤预防首先要有良好的饮食习惯\" alt=\"房颤预防首先要有良好的饮食习惯\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　房颤预防需要长期坚持良好的生活习惯、愉快的心情是最基本的。房颤的通常诱因有吸烟、酗酒、劳累、紧张、激动、暴饮暴食、消化不良、发热、摄入盐过多、血钾血镁低等起因，每个人需要根据以往发作的情况，总结经验，避免可能的诱因。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">烟和酒都是对身体具有毒害作用的东西，烟中的烟碱和酒中的乙醇都是增加心脏负担的物质，所以，戒烟和戒酒是房颤饮食上需首要注意的。一些止咳药或感冒药含有刺激物，可能引发不规则心律，服用前应当询问医生或阅读说明书。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">公道饮食，应有公道的饮食安排。从房颤预防角度看营养起因十分重要。房颤饮食准则上应做到</span>“三低”即：低热量、低脂肪、低胆固醇;多食富含维生素C的食品，如水果、新鲜蔬菜、植物油;少吃含饱和脂肪酸和胆固醇高的食品，如肥肉、蛋黄、动物油、动物内脏等;饮食要高钾低钠，鼓舞食用豆制品，饮茶;饮食有规律，不可过饥或过饱。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":986,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512628949842,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512628949842,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8887","isDel":0,"createAt":1512628712481,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"房颤患者应养成健康饮食的好习惯","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　房颤患者在平时注重饮食调理，可以帮助心脏的功能逐渐恢复正常，体质也得到相应的改善，直至完成痊愈。那么，在科学治疗房颤的同时，患者要养成哪些健康的饮食习惯</span>?</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">房颤患者的饮食注意事项</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512628859684.jpg\" title=\"房颤患者应养成健康饮食的好习惯\" alt=\"房颤患者应养成健康饮食的好习惯\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、房颤患者饮食要高钾低钠，鼓励食用豆制品，饮茶。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、饮食有规律，不可过饥或过饱。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3、适当摄入纤维素食物(包括谷类淀粉类)以保持大便通畅。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512629250152.jpg\" title=\"房颤患者应养成健康饮食的好习惯\" alt=\"房颤患者应养成健康饮食的好习惯\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4、合理饮食，应有合理的饮食安排。从心脏病的防治角度看营养因素十分重要。原则上应做到“三低”即：低热量、低脂肪、低胆固醇。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">5、戒烟、戒酒：烟和酒都是对身体具有毒害作用的东西，烟中的烟碱和酒中的乙醇都是增加心脏负担的物质，所以，戒烟和戒酒是房颤的饮食上需首要注意的。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">6、多食富含维生素C的食物，如水果、新鲜蔬菜、植物油。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512628827403.jpg\" title=\"房颤患者应养成健康饮食的好习惯\" alt=\"房颤患者应养成健康饮食的好习惯\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">7、少吃含饱和脂肪酸和胆固醇高的食物，如肥肉、蛋黄、动物油、动物内脏等。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":908,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512628712483,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512628712483,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8886","isDel":0,"createAt":1512628468992,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"房颤患者食疗方","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">房颤患者食疗方：</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512629426166.jpg\" title=\"房颤患者食疗方\" alt=\"房颤患者食疗方\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、人参炖鸡：人参5--10g，鸡肉75--100g，大枣2枚水1碗放入瓦盅中隔水炖熟。油盐调味，饮汤，食肉。适用于心气虚房颤。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体;font-size:16px\">2、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">当归生姜羊肉汤：当归</span>10-30g，羊肉75-100g，生姜3片，大枣2枚，水1碗-1碗半，放入炖盅炖熟，油盐调味，饮汤亦可食肉。适用于心血少而体质虚寒的房颤患者。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体;font-size:16px\">3、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">麦门冬莲子百合糖水：麦门冬</span>15g ，莲子(不去芯)20-30g，百合30g ，水适量，煲至烂熟，加适量冰糖(或白糖)调味食。适用于心阴虚的房颤患者。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4、鲜百合炒肉片：鲜百合100-150g，猪瘦肉100-150g，切片，炒熟，油盐调味食。适用于心阴虚，心神不宁的房颤患者。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">5、参芪炖鸡肉：鸡肉100g，人参10g，黄芪 15-20g, 全当归15-20g，一齐放入炖盅内，加开水适量，炖盅加盖，文火隔水炖3小时，调味供食。适用于气血两虚的房颤。 6、大枣炖猪心：猪心100g，大枣25g，同置碗内加水，文火炖2小时后调味食用。适用于气血两虚的房颤。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":981,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512628468993,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512628468993,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8885","isDel":0,"createAt":1512628354306,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"心房颤动的日常饮食有哪些","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　房颤反复发作直接影响患者的生活质量，严重的还会损害心功能，导致脑中风，使致死率、致残率明显增加。房颤不仅仅是人体感觉到不舒服，严重的会导致生命风险。因此一定要注意做好日常的饮食防护，以免疾病再次缠身。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512629257391.jpg\" title=\"心房颤动的日常饮食有哪些\" alt=\"心房颤动的日常饮食有哪些\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、不能贪杯：房颤者可以少量饮酒，酒类中以干红葡萄酒最好，白酒次之，每日饮酒以不超过二两为宜，不能贪杯。过度饮酒会刺激并损伤胃粘膜，损害肝功能，容易发生脑出血。酒精的刺激，会使本就紊乱的心跳加快，病人会出现明显的心慌不适。阵发性房颤者，更会因酒精的刺激诱发房颤发作，并使房颤持续时间延长。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、清淡为宜：大多数房颤是因高血压 、冠心病引起，对这些患者而言，保持清淡饮食，无疑是最佳的辅助治疗。水果、蔬菜不仅含有丰富的维生素C和纤维素，还含有较多的钾，对控制血压、保持电解质平衡都十分有益。此外，控制油脂和胆固醇的摄入亦十分重要。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3、稳定饮食：对于持续性房颤患者来说，在药物治疗控制心室率的同时，常要进行抗凝治疗，服用华法林，一定要注意饮食的相对稳定性，不能随意大幅度改变饮食，以免因饮食因素而影响华法林的抗凝效果。到医院复查抗凝效果(INR)的头天和检查当天，更不能随意更改饮食。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1269,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512628354312,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512628354312,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"6675","isDel":0,"createAt":1509521227094,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":1520330281910,"updateBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"梅油油","userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"房颤的饮食宜与禁忌","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">均衡饮食是保护心脏健康的一项重要手段。研究表明，多吃蔬菜可降低死于心血管疾病的风险。然而，对于房颤患者来说，他们需要更谨慎地选择蔬菜种类。美国</span>“每日健康”网站近日为房颤患者总结出了一份蔬菜清单，以供参考。下面就是<strong>房颤的饮食</strong>宜与禁忌。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1520331094829.jpg\" title=\"房颤的饮食宜与禁忌\" alt=\"房颤的饮食宜与禁忌\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1. 宜多吃豆类。发表在《加拿大医学协会杂志》上的一项研究成果显示，每天食用1份大豆、豌豆或扁豆，能将体内坏胆固醇含量降低约5%，这就会显著减少人们患上心血管疾病的风险。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2. 宜多吃土豆。控制血压对房颤患者非常重要。土豆中富含的钾有助于降低血压，因为它能减轻食盐中钠的不良影响。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3. 宜多吃牛油果。房颤患者食用足量有益于心脏健康的不饱和脂肪是必要的，牛油果就是一种完美选择。它所富含的不饱和脂肪有助于提升高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（好胆固醇）的含量，同时也能作为一种天然的抗炎药。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4. 适量吃菜花。菜花不仅含有大量的钙，它所含有的膳食纤维还有助于降低坏胆固醇含量，而控制胆固醇含量对房颤患者尤为重要。但是，如果你正在服用会受到维生素K影响的抗凝药物（如华法林），医生会建议你限制对某些蔬菜的食用量。过量的维生素K会阻碍华法林正常工作，增加血栓形成的风险，最终导致中风。虽然菜花中维生素K的含量不及羽衣甘蓝或菠菜，但仍可能会干扰某些药物的作用。如果你有房颤，就应向医生咨询是否需要限制菜花的食用量。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">5. 谨慎食用菠菜。菠菜等绿叶蔬菜含有大量的镁，这种矿物质对血压调节发挥了至关重要的作用。但一餐中菠菜里的维生素K含量可能达到800毫克以上，而美国食品和药物管理局建议人们每天只摄入80微克的维生素K，过量可能会影响某些药物的效果。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">6. 谨慎食用羽衣甘蓝。同菠菜一样，羽衣甘蓝也含有大量的维生素K，因此房颤患者不宜多吃，或咨询医生后改用不容易受到维生素K影响的新型抗凝药。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1078,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1509521227096,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1509521227096,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"type3":[{"id":"29829","isDel":0,"createAt":1585384963939,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"房颤是怎么引起的,该怎么治疗?","content":"<p style=\";line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 19px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">奶奶今年</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 19px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\">70岁了，</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 19px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">年纪大了，最近出现了心律不齐</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 19px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">，有时候</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 19px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心跳突然加快，去医院做了一个检查，医生说是房颤引起的，</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 19px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">房颤是怎么引起的</span>,该怎么治疗?</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1031,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":2,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1585384963940,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1585385644558,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"29208","isDel":0,"createAt":1581759382740,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"情绪激动会引起房颤吗？","content":"<p style=\";text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 19px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">奶奶有房颤，昨天和爷爷吵架，情绪激动，突然之间胸口就闷，吓得赶紧喝药，情绪激动会引起房颤吗？</span></span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1246,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":1,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1581759382740,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1581759484033,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"28248","isDel":0,"createAt":1575269871720,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"房颤发作是什么感觉","content":"<p style=\";text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">我想问一下，房颤发作是什么感觉？我个人发作时感觉到心跳和脉搏速度一样但是心跳要在前面一点</span></span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">，</span></span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">有一点头晕无力</span></span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1131,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":1,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1575269871722,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1575269968955,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"28101","isDel":0,"createAt":1574408765825,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"房颤射频手术成功率","content":"<p style=\";text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">不知道房颤射频手术我父亲七十二岁能否承受，手术出院是只要几天，但术后多长时间才能彻底恢复。</span></span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">房颤射频手术成功率</span></span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">，</span></span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">怎么样啊？</span></span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">做完后，房颤房扑都有改善吗</span></span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":995,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":1,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1574408765826,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1574408819678,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"27675","isDel":0,"createAt":1572594666234,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"房颤需要住院治疗吗","content":"<p style=\"margin-bottom:16px;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">我爸爸</span>79岁，2016年装了起搏器，最近出现气喘症状，有一天晚上气喘的难受，起来坐了2小时才好点。医生说是房颤，房颤需要住院治疗吗</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">？</span></span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1213,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":1,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1572594666235,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1572594986376,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"25449","isDel":0,"createAt":1557218439617,"createBy":"425fdc1d2e6111e8a3d800163e04584d","createName":"求一红颜笑看余生","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"425fdc1d2e6111e8a3d800163e04584d","title":"心房颤动怎么治","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心房颤动是随人口老龄化快速发展，与高龄相关的一种常见心律失常。其机制复杂，病因不明。那么</span></span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心房颤动怎么治</span></span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">？答案是防控，要知道，心房颤动的根本出路是防控。本文为大家详细解答心房颤动防控知识。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1557218595017.jpg\" title=\"心房颤动怎么治\" alt=\"心房颤动怎么治\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">一个年轻无任何心血管病危险因素、无器质性心脏病的阵发性心房颤动和</span>90岁老人的慢性持续性心房颤动可以视为完全不同的疾病。如果前者发作频繁，病症明显，经导管射频消融治疗可作为一个选择。而对后者，显然不应考虑消融，更合理的治疗是控制心室率和安全有效预防血栓栓塞并发症，特别要谨慎平衡抗凝中血栓栓塞与出血的风险。同时有肾功能明显减退的高龄患者，更应关注管控出血风险。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">我早前预测过，射频消融技术注定不是解决心房颤动的主导或主流技术。根治心房颤动仍是一场梦，并且可能梦永远难圆。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">该观点与刚刚召开的</span>AHA专家们的所见略同。美国著名的心电生理和心律失常大家Calkin认为导管消融不大可能根治心房颤动。将来的方向可能是第五通路----上游的预防。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">他发言中有张幻灯，展示了心电生理和心律失常领域亟待改变的重消融轻防控的错误发展方向，应引起当下我国医学界尤其热心热情忙于乐于做射频消融的专家们深思。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">我为什么始终对导管消融根治预激综合征、房室结折返性心动过速充满信心，而对其根治心房颤动一直在谨慎观望？依据什么？常识！白岩松先生</span>40岁人生感悟，第一条就是捍卫常识！</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">预激综合征与房室结折返心动过速的病因、解剖学基础、心动所速的发生机制清楚，消融方案清晰，成功判断标准明确；而心房颤动机制不明，消融方案不确切，是否成功缺乏明确判断标准。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">从技术推广实践来看，前者的经验非常容易推广普及，短短几年内，国内数百家医院都能复制开展，成功率达到</span>95%以上，复发率1%-3%；而后者已历时20多年，成功率30%-80%，竟然这么大的差别！复发率最低估不低于30%，是我从医以来，在临床上看到的复发率最高的技术，而且技术极难复制和推广。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">还需要特别关注的一个倾向是，在当下，我国</span>“医学精英”主导医学话语权。医学精英往往重视高精尖生物技术治疗，多在宣讲高精尖治疗技术的美好，不重视低成本适宜技术。在这种情况下，很多公众和患者误认为射频消融就是心房颤动的主导主流解决方案，一些贫困患者甚至不惜卖房也要接受这种成本极高的疗效不确切复发率高的治疗。这种怪圈下，那些无钱消融、手术失败、术后复发、术后发生严重并发症的患者往往感到走投无路，精神郁闷，似乎别无出路。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">实际上，通过办慢病管理的</span>4S店，组建过好心房颤动俱乐部，通过医患和患患沟通，心房颤动可防可控。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">AHA会上提到目前值得关注的预防心房颤动的四个方面：⑴ 治疗睡眠呼吸暂停，⑵控制高血压，⑶预防肥胖和 ⑷限酒。我们心脏预防康复的五大处方就能充分做好这四方面的管理。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">药物对控制心房颤动十分重要。主要是做好心律控制和做好危险分层，落实管理好抗凝。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">在我国仍应重视华法林和规范化使用。新型口服抗凝药与华法林比较的一些优势，随华法林规范管理程度提升，优势的空间会越来越小。新型抗凝药价格高，有些地区未进医保，大部分医院尤其二级城市和广大县域医院目前不好获取。不宜不理智地抛弃低成本、行之有效、惠及更广大民众的适宜技术。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">一些人认为，用了新型抗凝药，就不需要随访管理了，这是错觉。即使不需监测</span>INR，任何一种以预防为目的的措施，依从性都不会很好。新型口服抗凝药的安全性、有效性与依从性，仍然需要管理随访。办好专病俱乐部，就是最好的管理模式。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1557218723750.png\" title=\"心房颤动怎么治\" alt=\"心房颤动怎么治\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%;\"></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">下载二维码，微信识别，观看丁荣晶教授主讲三小时的《心肌梗死与心肌康复》</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"></span><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1557218833201.JPG\" title=\"心房颤动怎么治\" alt=\"心房颤动怎么治\" width=\"219\" height=\"300\"/></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">近期北大人民医院丁荣晶教授在</span>472250339这个Q群内免费为大家解答问题，有需要帮助的可以进群咨询。欢迎扫描二维码加入QQ群，听听病友们怎么说，听听医生怎么说！</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">对于这方面内容，推荐你看看《心肌梗死与心肌康复》，在这里面有对心脏方面几乎所有知识的解答，在淘宝上就可以买到，内容丰富，涉及范围广，很值得学习观看的。</span></span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1035,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1557218439618,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1557218439618,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"25342","isDel":0,"createAt":1556009836577,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"心房颤动和早搏是什么意思（三）","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">什么是心房颤动？</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1556010057202.jpg\" title=\"心房颤动和早搏是什么意思（三）\" alt=\"心房颤动和早搏是什么意思（三）\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心房颤动是指心房发生的较快（</span>350～600次/分）且极不规律的心电活动。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">尽管心房颤动时心房跳动较快，但电活动不可能每个都下传到心室，因为心房与心室之间存在一堵</span>“防火墙”，即房室结，结果是实际下传到心室，引起心室收缩时的心电活动通常是100～180次/分。可能稍快，也可能更慢，心室的电活动节律大多也较快，而且极不规律。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心房颤动可分为阵发性心房颤动和持续性心房颤动。阵发性心房颤动时有时无，发作时短则几分钟，长则数小时，甚至更长。持续性心房颤动持续存在。有的慢性持续性心房颤动是由阵发性心房颤动发展而来，有的患者首次出现心房颤动即为慢性持续性。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">阵发性心房颤动常常越来越频繁，每阵发作持续时间越来越长，即所谓</span>“心房颤动产生心房颤动，心房颤动加重心房颤动”的现象。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心房颤动的病因是什么？</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心房颤动的常见病因有：</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">1.甲状腺机能亢进（甲亢）；</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">2.风湿性心瓣膜病；</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">3.大量饮酒（节假日心脏综合征）。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">不明原因的心房颤动，应注意除外甲亢。心房颤动可为甲亢的首发症状。甲亢患者的心率快，安静睡眠时也快，还伴有多汗、手抖、体重下降、大便次数多等身体代谢加快的表现。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">风湿性心瓣膜病到医院就诊时，医生用听诊器可闻及有特征性的心脏杂音，超声心动图是诊断心脏瓣膜病的有效方式。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">大量饮酒可导致心房颤动，节假日大家开怀畅饮，有人可能突发心房颤动，这就是节假日心脏综合征。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心房颤动有哪些危险因素？</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">危险因素，是指并非明确的因果关系，而是有这些因素与无这些因素的人群相比，未来发生心房颤动的概率明显增高。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心房颤动的最常见危险因素是高血压和高龄。</span>80岁以上高龄老年人，每4～5人就有一人患有心房颤动。心房颤动也可见于无任何器质性心脏病，也无危险因素的患者，这时的心房颤动被称为孤立性心房颤动。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心房颤动患者有哪些症状？</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心房颤动可毫无症状，仅在常规体检或其他原因就诊时意外发现。心房颤动有无症状主要取决于它发作时心率的快慢。如果发作时，甚至持续存在时，心率不快，患者可毫无症状；如果心房颤动发作时心率加快，患者会感到心悸、心慌、气短、胸闷，有的患者会出现尿多的现象。因为心房的快速跳动，牵拉着心房壁，心房壁分泌一种物质</span>——心房利钠肽，具有明显的利尿作用。一般阵发性心房颤动患者的症状更为明显，因他们有发作与非发作时心率的明显不同。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心房颤动的患者是否需要治疗？</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">如同所有疾病治疗策略一样，主要取决于：</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">1. 有无直接相关，即因果关系明确的明显症状，影响生活质量。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">2. 有无导致严重后果（致残或致命）的风险，如二者有一，或二者都有时，显然需要治疗，二者都没有，最好的治疗是不治疗，学会与其为伴。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心房颤动的症状主要因为心率加快和心律不整。可用</span>β受体阻滞剂，如美托洛尔或比索洛尔减慢心率，或用莫雷西嗪、普罗帕酮或胺碘酮，减少阵发性心房颤动发生，维持正常心律。慢性持续性心房颤动更多选择减慢心率的治疗。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">年轻、无器质性心脏病、反复发作、影响生活质量与工作能力的心房颤动患者，可接受导管射频消融根治性治疗。但是这种有创性治疗方法对于有器质性心脏病患者和老年患者的心房颤动成功率低，复发率高，尤其患者患有慢性持续性心房颤动时，更不要盲目选择接受。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心房颤动的风险主要是卒中等血栓栓塞所致的致残甚至致命的并发症。心房颤动时，心房极快而不规律的活动已不能形成有效的机械收缩，而处于一种蠕动状态，血流较慢，容易在心房壁，尤其心房的一个</span>“死角”——左心耳形成血栓。这种血栓一旦脱落，随血流进入左心室，左心室射血时，把血栓泵向动脉血管，血栓可能堵塞住脑血管，导致偏瘫失语。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">大家熟悉高血压是卒中的危险因素，对于心房颤动导致卒中风险相关了解还远远不够。实际上心房颤动导致的卒中致残更加严重。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">同时有高血压和心房颤动的患者，比单有二者之一的患者，卒中风险更大，后果更严重。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">如何预防卒中？</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">首先要筛查出卒中高风险的患者。并非每一个心房颤动患者都存在卒中的高风险，风险高低并非心房颤动本身，而是患者是否同时存在其他的危险因素，包括：高血压、糖尿病、心力衰竭、已患过缺血性卒中（脑血栓）、年龄在</span>75岁以上。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">有上述一种或更多危险因素的患者，需用华法林或新的口服抗凝药物（达比加群或利伐沙班）。阿司匹林的效果不确切。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">以上危险因素都没有的孤立性心房颤动，既不要用抗凝药，也无须服用阿司匹林。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1556010571339.png\" title=\"心房颤动和早搏是什么意思（三）\" alt=\"心房颤动和早搏是什么意思（三）\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%;\"></p><p style=\"text-align: center;\">下载二维码，微信识别，观看丁荣晶教授主讲三小时的《心肌梗死与心肌康复》</p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"></span><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1556010335606.JPG\" title=\"心房颤动和早搏是什么意思（三）\" alt=\"心房颤动和早搏是什么意思（三）\" width=\"219\" height=\"300\"/></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">近期北大人民医院丁荣晶教授在</span>472250339这个Q群内免费为大家解答问题，有需要帮助的可以进群咨询！</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">对于这方面内容，推荐你看看《心肌梗死与心肌康复》，在这里面有对心脏方面几乎所有知识的解答，在淘宝上就可以买到，内容丰富，涉及范围广，很值得学习观看的。</span></span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1131,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1556009836578,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1556009836578,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"25341","isDel":0,"createAt":1556009562285,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"心房颤动和早搏是什么意思（二）","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">本文中为大家介绍的是关于早搏，二联律、三联律和短阵室性心动过速等内容，大家可以一起接上一篇文章继续阅读！</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1556010362113.jpg\" title=\"心房颤动和早搏是什么意思（二）\" alt=\"心房颤动和早搏是什么意思（二）\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">什么是早搏？</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">过早搏动简称早搏，是由于</span>“窦房结”以外的起搏点过早发出电冲动引起心房或心室收缩，导致下一个心跳的出现提前。异常跳动如起源于心房，叫作房性期前收缩（房性早搏）；如起源于心室，叫作室性期前收缩（室性早搏）。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">如果曾感觉心脏</span>“偷停一次”，那很可能属于这类心律失常。事实上，心脏并没有停跳，而是有额外的搏动比正常的搏动来得早，并且在此期间会有一个间歇，这个间歇会让下一次心跳更有力。人们可以感受到这后一个强有力的心跳。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">早搏很常见，很多人一生中都有可能发生。早搏可毫无症状，体检或因其他病就诊时偶然发现。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">早搏有无症状与早搏多少无关。很多儿童早搏患者，</span>24小时动态心电图记录早搏数1万～2万多，孩子们无症状；但成年人有症状者很多，症状可能与早搏有关，也可能与对早搏不了解产生的焦虑情绪有关。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">身体健康的青少年无任何诱因发生早搏的现象并非罕见，是儿童、青少年时期一种常见的心律失常。健康的学龄儿童、青少年有</span>0.5%～2.2%出现过“心脏早搏”。多数孩子没有自觉症状，日常活动和生长发育也不会受到影响。这往往不需要特殊治疗，或许过一段时间就消失了。即使它继续存在，孩子也会很健康，因此不需要过多地限制运动。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">早搏本身不代表有病或病情轻重，也不是独立危险因素。无器质性心脏病的早搏，若无明显症状，最佳治疗是不治疗；有症状时要区分是直接与早搏相关，还是焦虑抑郁症状。有器质性心脏病（如心肌梗死、心力衰竭）的早搏，应治心脏病，而不治早搏。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">研究显示，有心肌梗死、左心室功能受损的患者，越积极用抗心律失常药物，猝死越多，早搏不要轻易用射频治疗，一定要慎重。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">什么是二联律、三联律、</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">短阵室性心动过速？</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心电图是十分普及的诊断心律失常的技术，</span>24小时的长程心电图记录（Holter）也在广泛应用。这些检查报告中经常会出现一些让患者和大众难以理解而徒增更多忧虑的专业术语，如室性早搏、二联律、三联律或短阵室性心动过速等。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">二联律指在心电图记录中每一个正常心跳后出现一次室性早搏，每两个心跳节律性成对或成双出现。三联律有两种情况，第一种情况是每两个正常心跳后，出现一次室性早搏；第二种情况是，每一次正常心跳后出现连发的两次室性早搏。以此类推，还有四联律。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">短阵室性心动过速指什么呢？连续发生的</span>3个或更多的室性早搏，被称为室性心动过速，如果连发的室性早搏不太多，如4个、5个、6个、7个就是短阵的室性心动过速。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">二联律、三联律或短阵室性心动过速，无论在正常心脏还是有器质性心脏病时与单个发生的室性早搏的意义相同，并不意味着更严重、更危险。。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1556009977709.png\" title=\"心房颤动和早搏是什么意思（二）\" alt=\"心房颤动和早搏是什么意思（二）\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"></span></p><p style=\"text-align: center;\">下载二维码，微信识别，观看丁荣晶教授主讲三小时的《心肌梗死与心肌康复》</p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><br/></span><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1556010466696.JPG\" title=\"心房颤动和早搏是什么意思（二）\" alt=\"心房颤动和早搏是什么意思（二）\" width=\"219\" height=\"300\"/></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">近期北大人民医院丁荣晶教授在</span>472250339这个Q群内免费为大家解答问题，有需要帮助的可以进群咨询！</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">对于这方面内容，推荐你看看《心肌梗死与心肌康复》，在这里面有对心脏方面几乎所有知识的解答，在淘宝上就可以买到，内容丰富，涉及范围广，很值得学习观看的。</span></span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1034,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1556009562286,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1556009562286,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"type2":[{"id":"26220","isDel":0,"createAt":1565774764568,"createBy":"425fdc1d2e6111e8a3d800163e04584d","createName":"求一红颜笑看余生","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"425fdc1d2e6111e8a3d800163e04584d","title":"心脏房颤有哪些症状","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; line-height: 200%; letter-spacing: 0px;\">相信我们很多人都听说过房颤，那么，你知道</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; line-height: 200%; letter-spacing: 0px;\">心脏房颤有哪些症状</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; line-height: 200%; letter-spacing: 0px;\">吗？如果</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; line-height: 200%; letter-spacing: 0px;\">不治疗</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; line-height: 200%; letter-spacing: 0px;\">又</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; line-height: 200%; letter-spacing: 0px;\">会怎样</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; line-height: 200%; letter-spacing: 0px;\">呢</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; line-height: 200%; letter-spacing: 0px;\">？</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; line-height: 200%; letter-spacing: 0px;\">找良医网告诉你，</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; line-height: 200%; letter-spacing: 0px;\">有房颤的人症状有轻有重，人和人的差别非常大。有的人一点儿症状都没有，有的人发作起来要死要活的。</span><br/></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1565775643359.jpg\" title=\"心脏房颤有哪些症状\" alt=\"心脏房颤有哪些症状\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">比较常见的症状是心慌，自己感觉心跳不规律。这种情况多见于阵发性房颤。就是说，有的时候是房颤，有的时候是正常心律。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">总是房颤的人症状可能不明显，因为耐受了嘛。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">有部分人，发生了卒中或心衰到医院去看病，才发现有房颤。没错，卒中就是房颤导致的严重后果之一。房颤不及时治疗，最危险的后果就是卒中。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">还有些老年人，伴有冠心病等，房颤发作可能会诱发心衰或心绞痛。心衰的表现是胸闷、憋气、不能平卧、水肿等，需要去医院就诊治疗。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">现在国际上普遍的共识是老年人要筛查房颤，因为老年人中房颤发生率比较高。而且筛查房颤比较简单，摸摸脉，如果不规律，就要高度怀疑房颤了。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">发现房颤后，根据房颤的类型、发生卒中危险的高低以及症状的严重程度，选择不同的治疗方式。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">症状严重，药物治疗效果不好的建议做射频消融。卒中风险高的人需要抗凝治疗。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">如果是其他疾病引起的房颤，如高血压、甲亢等，需要治疗原发病。</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;<img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1565775654287.JPG\" title=\"心脏房颤有哪些症状\" alt=\"心脏房颤有哪些症状\" width=\"219\" height=\"300\"/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">欢迎扫描二维码加入</span>QQ群，听听病友们怎么说，听听医生怎么说！</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1017,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1565774764568,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1565774764568,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"26173","isDel":0,"createAt":1565082244154,"createBy":"425fdc1d2e6111e8a3d800163e04584d","createName":"求一红颜笑看余生","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"425fdc1d2e6111e8a3d800163e04584d","title":"房颤引起的脑卒中危险吗","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">很多人都有房颤，那么，</span></span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">房颤引起的脑卒中危险吗</span></span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">？</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">一些老年人没有高血压，动脉粥样硬化也不严重，却得了脑卒中偏瘫，一做心电图才发现心电图乱七八糟，特别不规律，原来这些患者患有心房颤动。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1565083069936.jpg\" title=\"房颤引起的脑卒中危险吗\" alt=\"房颤引起的脑卒中危险吗\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心房颤动时，由于心房内血流紊乱，导致血栓形成、脱落，随血液循环栓塞在脑血管而造成脑卒中。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心房颤动是脑卒中的重要危险因素，心房颤动患者缺血性脑卒中的年发生率平均为</span>5%，并且随年龄增长脑卒中发生率明显增加。同时脑卒中也是心房颤动患者死亡的主要原因之一，心房颤动后的脑卒中具有更高的致死率和致残率，多数患者遗留有严重的神经系统症状，死亡率也较高。减少了脑卒中的发生就减少了心房颤动患者的死亡危险。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">那么心房颤动患者怎样预防脑卒中呢？首先，心房颤动的患者应遵循多数心血管病患者的一般预防原则，如健康的生活方式、控制体重、科学饮食、戒烟少酒等。此外，要及早发现并治疗基础心脏疾病和其他系统疾病，如：控制血压和血糖，治疗甲亢，纠正心功能不全。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">在这些基础上，多数患者需要使用预防血栓栓塞的药物。华法林价格便宜，是临床常用的药物。口服华法林必须将</span>INR控制在2～3的范围内，才能有效地减少血栓栓塞并且不增加出血并发的危险。新型口服抗凝药的出现给了房颤患者更多选择，相比华法林，此类药物不需要调整和监测INR，使用起来更方便。医生会根据您的具体情况和您商议选择哪种抗凝药。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">经常有老年患者或家属在门诊询问，每年定期输液疏通血管，怎么还是得了心脏病或脑血栓，而当询问患者是否检查过血脂或是否经常测量血压，血糖是否正常时，患者的回答往往是</span>“没有”。这种现象很具有代表性。心脑血管疾病的主要危险因素是高血压、血脂紊乱、糖尿病等。针对某一疾病的预防，针对发病的机制，应着眼于主要的危险因素。除针对心房颤动本身的治疗外，还应针对血栓形成的机制，应用抗栓药物。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">很多患者有顾虑，害怕吃抗凝药不安全，会出血。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">首先，按照医生医嘱吃抗凝药的获益肯定是大于风险的。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">其次，口服华法林的患者一定要监测</span>INR，及时、有效的监测是保证安全，减少出血的前提条件。主要的副作用是出血，包括组织器官的出血，不同部位有不同的表现。但使用抗凝药物引起严重出血的发生率非常低，出血的发生与监测的INR及年龄的升高相关。服用华法林期间，应定期、及时到医院验血，即INR维持在2～3，用药的初期应至少每周1次，剂量和INR结果稳定后可适当延长每个月一次，最长不超过3个月。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">华法林的药效容易受到其他药物或食物的影响，如抗生素、一些抗心律失常药、新鲜蔬菜等。所以患者在需要同时应用其他药物时，要告诉医生您正在吃华法林，由医生判断是否会影响华法林药效，以及如何处理。另外，每日吃的蔬菜量尽量保持稳定。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">不管吃得是华法林还是新型口服抗凝药，出现轻微的出血可不必担心，密切观察即可，一旦出现较为严重的出血，应停药并及时就医。</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1565082362114.JPG\" title=\"房颤引起的脑卒中危险吗\" alt=\"房颤引起的脑卒中危险吗\" width=\"219\" height=\"300\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">欢迎扫描二维码加入</span>QQ群，听听病友们怎么说，听听医生怎么说！</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1040,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1565082244156,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1565082244156,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8882","isDel":0,"createAt":1512627780840,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"房颤的临床表现","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512628006191.jpg\" title=\"房颤的临床表现\" alt=\"房颤的临床表现\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">房颤的临床表现轻重不一，老年房颤的临床表现主要取决于心室率的快慢，原发疾病的轻重以及并发症的有无。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(一)分类</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">房颤的分类方法很多，根据房颤持续时间和复律情况分类较为实用：</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1.急性房颤指发生在24~48小时以内的房颤。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2.慢性房颤</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">①阵发性房颤：指能自动复律的房颤。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">②持续性房颤：指需要干预才能恢复窦性心律的房颤。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">③持久性房颤：指不能转复或转复后不能维持的房颤。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:16px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(二)症状</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">可有心悸、胸闷与惊慌。心室率接近正常且无器质性心脏病的患者，可无明显症状。但发生在有器质性心脏病的患者，尤其是心室率快而心功能较差时，可使心搏量明显降低、冠状循环及脑部血供减少，导致急性心力衰竭、休克、昏厥或心绞痛发作。风心病二尖瓣狭窄患者，大多在并发房扑或房颤后，劳动耐量明显降低，并发生心力衰竭，严重者可引起急性肺水肿。房扑或房颤发生后还易引起房内血栓形成，部分血栓脱落可引起体循环动脉栓塞，临床上以脑栓塞较为常见，常导致死亡或病残。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">由此可见，导致房颤的原因多种多样，其病情的严重程度也有所不同。所以，我们要提高预防的意识，养成良好的生活习惯，保护好我们的心脏。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1067,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512627780842,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512627780842,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8881","isDel":0,"createAt":1512627664854,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"房颤都有哪些症状和危害","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512628099874.jpg\" title=\"房颤都有哪些症状和危害\" alt=\"房颤都有哪些症状和危害\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">房颤的症状因人而异。最常见的是心慌心跳，也有些人可能会感觉胸闷、气短或者出汗。部分人会多尿，之后因低钾而较长时间自觉乏力。但这些症状变化较大，很多人往往这次发作有症状，下次又似乎不明显，甚至有些人</span>(尤其是男性)只是在例行体检或者因为别的病就诊才偶然发现房颤的。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:64px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">房颤有一种比较常见的类型是平常心跳偏慢，但房颤发作时则比较快，我们称之为慢快综合症，也有部分患者平常心跳基本正常但房颤发作又转正常的时候出现心脏停跳几秒，甚至导致晕倒或者眼前发黑。其原因在于心房有左右两个，右心房上长着负责正常心跳的窦房结，如果右房有纤维化病变，就导致窦房结功能降低，出现窦缓或者窦性停搏，而左房的纤维化病变就会导致房速、房扑房颤等。多数患者的房颤在劳累、饮酒之后以及夜间容易发作，但这种发作模式一般不固定，对诊断治疗也不重要。有的病人以为发病的诱因和规律性很重要，其实对于治疗没有太大意义。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">房颤最严重的危害就是导致脑梗塞，也叫中风。少数人也可能由于得了房颤引起心衰，喘不上气、躺不平、脚肿，等等，主要是房颤时心室率太快没有得到有效控制。临床上有些病人没有明显症状，是因为体检时才偶然发现房颤，这称为无症状性房颤。某种意义上说，无症状性房颤可能比有症状的房颤更危险，因为无症状就不会及时治疗，那么发生中风或者心衰的可能性就比较大，不少患者都是发生脑梗塞以后才发现房颤的，造成了很大的遗憾。一些患者可能因此死亡或致残。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1223,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512627664855,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512627664855,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8880","isDel":0,"createAt":1512627498812,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"房颤的主要症状表现","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">房颤的症状在患者发病前后会有或多或少的表现，有的患者发病突然房颤症状没有表现或者表现不明显，有的患者在发病前很长一段时间都会有身体不适的感觉，表现为阵痛、头晕目眩、心率加快、呼吸困难等，这些都是房颤的具体症状表现。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">房颤可能发生在各个年龄阶段，了解房颤的主要症状，及时做好防备十分必要。房颤的症状主要表现为以下几点：</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512628423607.jpg\" title=\"房颤的主要症状表现\" alt=\"房颤的主要症状表现\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">一、阵发性房颤的症状表现为发作开始比较突然，病人感心悸、气短、心前区不适及忧虑不安。有冠心病的老年人，房颤发作开始时心室率很快，可出现眩晕，甚至晕厥，有时可出现心力衰竭及休克。每次发作的持续时间不一，短者仅数秒，可频频发作，长者可持续数日至数周，患者通常要长时间忍受疾病的痛苦。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">二、患者感知症状的敏感性及耐受性有些时候也会影响房颤的表现症状。有的患者刚发生房颤时，可有明显的症状，随着病程的延长，有的患者可逐渐适应，症状可能减轻甚至消失。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">三、持续性房颤症状与原有的心脏病和心室率有关。这种房颤的症状主要为：房颤病人感心悸、气短，尤其是活动后心室率明显增快。持续性房颤者易于发生心力衰竭。房颤时因心房无收缩力，血流动力学紊乱，易发生附壁血栓，导致体、肺循环栓塞等房颤的多种症状。在这些症状当中，以脑栓塞和肢体动脉栓塞最为多见。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">四、并不是所有的患者都有房颤的明显症状，有的患者表现不明显或无表现。如果没有其它心脏病，且房颤时心跳又基本正常，病人可以没有任何房颤症状，是在偶然的机会被发现，如果房颤引起心跳过快，病人会出现心慌、气短、胸闷、憋气、惊慌等，如果有其它的心脏病，就会加重心脏病的症状，尤其会加重心力衰竭。此类患者在平时的生活中更应特殊注意身体的反应。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1128,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512627498814,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512627498814,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8879","isDel":0,"createAt":1512627353773,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"房颤的的几个症状","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">房颤是心房颤动的简称，是一种极为常见的快速心律失常。目前还没有找到房颤的根本致病原因，但与房颤相关的疾病或因素包括高血压、冠心病、酗酒、长期精神紧张、电解质或代谢失衡、严重感染等也有可能引起房颤。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512627765449.jpg\" title=\"房颤的的几个症状\" alt=\"房颤的的几个症状\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、阵发房颤的症状表现为发作开始比较突然，病人感心悸、气短、心前区不适及忧虑不安。有冠心病的老年人，房颤发作开始时心室率很快，可出现眩晕，甚至晕厥，有时可出现心力衰竭及休克。每次发作的持续时间不一，短者仅数秒，可频频发作，长者可持续数日至数周。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、持续房颤症状与原有的心脏病和心室率有关。这种房颤的症状主要为：房颤病人感心悸、气短，尤其是活动后心室率明显增快。持续 房颤者易于发生心力衰竭。房颤时因心房无收缩力，血流动力学紊乱，易发生附壁血栓，导致体、肺循环栓塞，以脑栓塞和肢体动脉栓塞为多见。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3、如果没有其它心脏病，且房颤时心跳又基本正常，病人可以没有任何房颤症状，是在偶然的机会被发现，如果房颤引起心跳过快，病人会出现心慌、气短、胸闷、憋气、惊慌等，如果有其它的心脏病，就会加重心脏病的症状，尤其会加重心力衰竭。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4、房颤的症状也受患者感知症状的敏感 及耐受 的影响，有的患者刚发生房颤时，可有明显的症状，随着病程的延长，有的患者可逐渐适应，症状可能减轻甚至消失。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1095,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512627353775,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512627353775,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"7041","isDel":0,"createAt":1510021815311,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":1521624849988,"updateBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"梅油油","userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"心房颤动发作时  有何表现","content":"<p style=\"line-height:200%\"></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">随着生活节奏的加快，生活压力也越来越大很多人不注重自己的健康，有些人平时心脏不舒服，心绞痛甚至恶心呕吐得了心肌炎自己都不知道，错过了疾病的最佳治疗期给身体造成了非常严重的后果，下面找良医网为大家介绍以下<strong>房颤的症状</strong>主要表现为以下几点：</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1521625300459.jpg\" title=\"心房颤动发作时  有何表现\" alt=\"心房颤动发作时  有何表现\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心房颤动发作时</span> &nbsp;<span style=\"font-family:宋体\">有何表现</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">一、阵发性房颤的症状表现为发作开始比较突然，病人感心悸、气短、心前区不适及忧虑不安。有冠心病的老年人，房颤发作开始时心室率很快，可出现眩晕，甚至晕厥，有时可出现心力衰竭及休克。每次发作的持续时间不一，短者仅数秒，可频频发作，长者可持续数日至数周。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">二、持续性房颤症状与原有的心脏病和心室率有关。这种房颤的症状主要为：房颤病人感心悸、气短，尤其是活动后心室率明显增快。持续性房颤者易于发生心力衰竭。房颤时因心房无收缩力，血流动力学紊乱，易发生附壁血栓，导致体、肺循环栓塞，以脑栓塞和肢体动脉栓塞为多见。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">三、如果没有其它心脏病，且房颤时心跳又基本正常，病人可以没有任何房颤症状，是在偶然的机会被发现，如果房颤引起心跳过快，病人会出现心慌、气短、胸闷、憋气、惊慌等，如果有其它的心脏病，就会加重心脏病的症状，尤其会加重心力衰竭。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">四、房颤的症状也受患者感知症状的敏感性及耐受性的影响，有的患者刚发生房颤时，可有明显的症状，随着病程的延长，有的患者可逐渐适应，症状可能减轻甚至消失。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span><br/></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1044,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1510021815313,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1510021815313,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"6310","isDel":0,"createAt":1508897397944,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":1519972472278,"updateBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"梅油油","userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"房颤的那些症状临床表现是怎样的","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心房颤动（简称房颤）是最常见的持续性心律失常。随着年龄增长房颤的发生率不断增加，</span>75岁以上人群可达10%。房颤时心房激动的频率达300～600次/分，心跳频率往往快而且不规则，有时候可达100～160次/分，不仅比正常人心跳快得多，而且绝对不整齐，心房失去有效的收缩功能。房颤患病率还与冠心病、高血压病和心力衰竭等疾病有密切关系。那么<strong>房颤的症状表</strong>现是怎样的？</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1519973054780.jpg\" title=\"房颤的那些症状临床表现是怎样的\" alt=\"房颤的那些症状临床表现是怎样的\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">１、【阵发性心房颤动患者的临床表现特点】</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(1)男性患者多见，常无器质性心脏病。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(2)阵发性心房颤动可频繁发作，动态心电图可见发作持续数秒到几个小时不等。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(3)常伴有频发房性期前收缩，房性期前收缩可诱发心房颤动。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(4)房性期前收缩的联律间期多数500ms，常有P-on-T现象，并诱发短阵心房颤动。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(5)阵发性心房颤动发作时，如频率不快，可无明显症状。如心率快,患者诉心悸、心慌气短、胸闷、心脏乱跳、烦躁、乏力等。听诊心律不齐、心音强弱不等、快慢不一及脉短拙、多尿等。如心室率过快还可引起血压降低甚至晕厥。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">２、【持续性及慢性心房颤动患者的临床表现特点】</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">持续性</span>(或慢性)心房颤动的症状与基础心脏病有关，也与心室率快慢有关。可有心悸、气短、胸闷、乏力，尤其在体力活动后心室率明显增加，并可出现晕厥，尤其是老年患者，由于脑缺氧及迷走神经亢进所致。心律不规则：第1心音强弱不均、间隔不一。未经治疗的心房颤动心室率一般在80～150次/min，很少超过170次/min。心率100次/min，称快速性心房颤动;180次/min称极速性心房颤动。有脉短拙。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">３、【心房颤动的特殊类型：迷走神经介导性心房颤动</span>(简称迷走神经性心房颤动)】</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(1)临床特点：</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">①首次发作者的年龄在30～50岁，年龄范围为25～65岁。男女之比为4∶1。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">②几乎只发生在无器质性心脏病的患者。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">③多数患者常经过几年药物治疗，但疗效差，病情加重后才就诊，临床病史常为2～15年。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1060,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1508897397946,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1508897397946,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"metaSearch":{"description":"为您提供:房颤的症状及危害_心脏房颤怎么治疗方法_造成 房颤的原因有哪些_房颤病友的治疗经验等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"房颤的症状及危害_心脏房颤怎么治疗方法_造成 房颤的原因有哪些","title":"房颤的症状及危害_心脏房颤怎么治疗方法_造成 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style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">在丁荣晶教授《心肌梗死与心肌康复》读者交流群里</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">，有病人针对房颤问题进行过咨询，</span></span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">房颤为什么吃华法林</span></span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">？</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">找良医网告诉你，</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心房颤动（房颤）的主要危害是心房内形成血栓，血栓随血流到达大脑等脏器，堵塞血管，从而引起脑梗死等严重后果。因此，预防脑梗死等血栓事件的发生是房颤治疗的重要组成部分。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1568794856469.jpeg\" title=\"房颤为什么吃华法林\" alt=\"房颤为什么吃华法林\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">华法林是抗凝药，可以有效预防血栓的形成，预防脑梗死。如果您有房颤，医生会判断您发生脑梗死的风险，决定您是否需要吃华法林或其他抗凝药。</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1568795270689.JPG\" title=\"房颤为什么吃华法林\" alt=\"房颤为什么吃华法林\" width=\"219\" height=\"300\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">欢迎扫描二维码加入</span>QQ群，听听病友们怎么说，听听医生怎么说！</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":990,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1568794850725,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1568794850725,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"25729","isDel":0,"createAt":1560242627172,"createBy":"425fdc1d2e6111e8a3d800163e04584d","createName":"求一红颜笑看余生","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"425fdc1d2e6111e8a3d800163e04584d","title":"房颤的危害性","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">今年的</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">6.6</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">是</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">中国房颤日</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">，</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">房颤是最常见的心律失常之一。</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">据统计，</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">我国</span>≥35岁居民中，0.71%有房颤，据此估计，我国≥35岁居民房颤患者约有487万。</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">那么，你真的知道</span></span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">房颤的危害性</span></span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">吗？</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1560243237104.jpg\" title=\"房颤的危害性\" alt=\"房颤的危害性\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">随年龄增加，房颤患病率也增加，</span>≥75岁的老年人中，2.35%有房颤。预计到2050年，中国房颤患者男性520万，女性310万。40岁以上人群中，男性一生中患房颤的风险为26%，女性为23%，也就是说平均每个人一生中可能有1/4的概率会患上房颤。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">房颤的危害</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">正常心脏跳动是有节律的，房颤时，心房规律的舒缩变为颤动，心室跳动变得不规则。由于心房没有了规律的舒缩，其中的血液会乱流或瘀滞，容易形成血栓，血栓从心房可顺动脉栓塞在重要脏器，其中最严重的就是堵塞在脑动脉，导致脑卒中，而且房颤导致的脑卒中致残、致死率高。另外，房颤时，心率可能很快，可以达到</span>100-175次/分钟，长期过快的心率可以导致心力衰竭。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">怎么发现房颤</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">感觉心慌、心跳不规律、胸闷时，不要慌，摸摸脉搏，注意有无脉搏跳得不整齐、不规律。如果脉搏不整齐持续时间较长，高度提示房颤。如果不会摸脉搏可以利用血压计。有些血压计可以显示心跳，如果心跳不整齐，也提示可能是房颤。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">预防脑卒中最重要</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">有房颤的人发生卒中的危险是正常人的</span>2~7倍。房颤抗凝治疗最重要，能够使发生卒中的危险降低60%~70%。常用的抗凝药包括华法林、利伐沙班、达比加群。不是所有房颤病人都需要吃抗凝药，卒中风险高的患者才需要。房颤病人发生卒中的风险需要由医生根据存在的危险因素计算，危险因素包括年龄大、高血压、糖尿病、心衰、有卒中或血栓栓塞病史等。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">房颤抗凝需注意</span>2个问题</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">阿司匹林不能预防房颤导致的脑卒中。阿司匹林对预防动脉粥样硬化相关血栓有效，但对房颤的血栓形成无效。没有症状不代表没有危害，症状不是决定是否抗凝的指标。约</span>1/3的房颤发作时没有症状，但房颤的危害与症状轻重无关，没有症状的患者，仍可以有很高的血栓栓塞风险。要按医嘱服用抗凝药，不要自己根据症状吃抗凝药。</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;<img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1560243263896.JPG\" title=\"房颤的危害性\" alt=\"房颤的危害性\" width=\"219\" height=\"300\"/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">欢迎扫描二维码加入</span>QQ群，听听病友们怎么说，听听医生怎么说！</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1080,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1560242627176,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1560242627176,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"25723","isDel":0,"createAt":1560136581405,"createBy":"425fdc1d2e6111e8a3d800163e04584d","createName":"求一红颜笑看余生","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"425fdc1d2e6111e8a3d800163e04584d","title":"导管消融治疗房颤是怎样","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">也有很多患者问过，</span></span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">导管消融治疗房颤是怎样</span></span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">的？本文继续为大家带来胡大一教授的经历，《过好早搏心房颤动人生》连载第三章：研究进展</span>——重新审视心房颤动及其导管消融治疗！</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1560137553038.jpg\" title=\"导管消融治疗房颤是怎样\" alt=\"导管消融治疗房颤是怎样\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">首先了解一下心房的功能！</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心房是有功能的，并且很重要，过去在一定程度上被忽视。心房的三维构型复杂而独特，心房的功能至少包括了电生理功能、内分泌功能和机械功能。其电生理功能和内分泌功能此处不再赘述。就其机械功能而言，其至少包括弹性储器作用、管道作用和泵功能。左心房的泵功能对于左心室充盈，或者说整个心脏的泵功能的影响非常复杂，在不同的临床情况时有显著不同，在左心室舒张功能不好的情况下尤为重要。比如，一个心功能尚处于代偿状态的限制性心肌病患者如果发生心房颤动，心功能就可以急剧失代偿甚至立即发生心源性休克。在心室舒张时大量血液快速涌入心室，而这些血液从何而来，主要依靠心房的弹性储器作用。通俗地讲，心房像一个水库，并且依靠心房的快速塌陷才能使这些血液快速进入心室。僵硬的心房将失去快速塌陷的功能，左心耳在这方面作用很重要。左心房的管道作用不同于左心房的泵功能和弹性储器作用，通过管道作用向左心室输送的血液大致可以占到</span>1/3。当然在不同的病理状态时，这三者的贡献相互影响、相互转化。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">重新审视心房颤动的导管消融治疗</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">理论认识</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">导管消融对心房心肌病和心房功能的影响　目前对于导管消融对心房的病理损害影响的研究尚不多，尤其缺乏长期随访的观察性和对比性研究。导管消融可以造成心肌细胞凝固性坏死已是明确的，对于消融后心房发生的急性和慢性修复性病理改变尚不十分明确，尤其是这些慢性修复性病理改变对房性心律失常的发生和心房功能的影响不容忽视。总之，导管消融不能改善心房病理改变，并且导管消融造成心房心肌和内膜的急性病理改变和慢性修复性病理改变。这些病理改变对于房性心律失常的发生、心房功能的影响及其对于凝血和血栓的影响均不容忽视。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">导管消融对心房颤动的影响　心房颤动的机制尚未完全阐明，导管消融曾经在理论上针对与心房颤动发作相关的肺静脉触发电活动和神经节，由于上述方法未能取得临床上的满意效果，也有一些术者针对碎裂电位进行消融，也有一些术者受迷宫手术的启发而采取线性消融，或者由于消融无法终止心房颤动而采取所谓的个体化消融方案。总之，针对电生理机制尚未阐明的心律失常的导管消融带有明显的尝试性和探索性，同时导管消融更无法针对后续产生的心房病变和后续产生的心房颤动的电生理机制。同时消融病损亦将是新的房性心律失常发生的基础。因此，导管消融作为心房颤动的治愈性手段尚不具有理论上的可行性。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">导管消融对血栓和卒中的影响　过去基于心房颤动导致了卒中的假设，曾一度认为导管消融消除心房颤动可以停用口服抗凝药，前已述及，现在逐渐认识到导管消融消除心房颤动和停用抗凝药都不是现实。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">临床实践及循证医学证据</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">从临床实践而言，心房颤动导管消融的成功率较低而复发率较高，随着随访时间的延长而趋于更加明显，也因心房颤动导管消融的效果尚不满意而产生了复杂多样的术式，对于患者生活质量的影响并没有一致的看法，对卒中和死亡率的影响没有看到有利的结果。从循证医学证据而言，目前循证医学研究仅观察了导管消融对转复和维持窦性心律及对患者症状（生活质量）的影响，没有导管消融对卒中发生率（导管消融后不使用抗凝药物）的前瞻性随机对照研究结果，一些回顾性研究提示心房颤动患者成功导管消融后没有去除卒中的风险，停用抗凝药物会导致卒中风险增加；没有随机对照研究观察导管消融对死亡率的影响。导管消融对于转复和维持窦性心律有效，尤其是阵发性心房颤动。在阵发性心房颤动，在转复和维持窦性心律方面导管消融轻度优于药物。在持续性心房颤动和永久性心房颤动，导管消融对于转复和维持窦性心律效果的研究只有有限的资料报告其有效性。正在进行的理想终点研究会提供更多证据。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">总结与展望</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">不把心房颤动单纯理解为一种心律失常而是将其作为心房心肌病的一部分来理解，既给心房颤动认识增加了新的视角，也是对心房颤动认识的升华和完善，使心房心肌病、心房颤动和卒中不再是零散的碎片，而成为有机的整体。心房心肌病是诸多临床疾病或损害累及心房所导致的病理改变；越来越多的证据支持在绝大多数临床情况下心房颤动是心房心肌病的后果和表现；血栓和卒中是心房心肌病的后果，心房颤动只是危险因素之一；导管消融不仅不能改善心房心肌病而且会增加消融所致的心房病理改变和消融后组织修复所致的心房病理改变；导管消融只能通过改变心房颤动发生的电生理基础而影响心房颤动的发作，对于电生理机制尚未完全阐明的心房颤动而言，导管消融具有明显的尝试性和探索性，导管消融作为心房颤动的治愈性手段尚不具有理论上的可行性；导管消融成功的患者卒中预防的效果也收效甚微，停用抗凝药物也是有害的。</span> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;<img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1560137405499.JPG\" title=\"导管消融治疗房颤是怎样\" alt=\"导管消融治疗房颤是怎样\" width=\"219\" height=\"300\"/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">欢迎扫描二维码加入</span>QQ群，听听病友们怎么说，听听医生怎么说！</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1121,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1560136581406,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1560136581406,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"25721","isDel":0,"createAt":1560136097895,"createBy":"425fdc1d2e6111e8a3d800163e04584d","createName":"求一红颜笑看余生","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"425fdc1d2e6111e8a3d800163e04584d","title":"心房颤动导管消融术","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">今天继续为大家带来胡大一教授的经历，</span></span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心房颤动导管消融术</span></span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">。一起往下看。《过好早搏心房颤动人生》连载第三章：研究进展</span>——重新审视心房颤动及其导管消融治疗！</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1560136590238.jpg\" title=\"心房颤动导管消融术\" alt=\"心房颤动导管消融术\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心房颤动（房颤）是临床最常见的持续性心律失常，并且和卒中存在明确的临床关联性。由于心房颤动的广泛流行，尤其是导管消融应用于心房颤动的治疗，使心房颤动备受临床心脏电生理医生和学者关注。但心房颤动在更大程度上仅仅作为一种心律失常获得了足够的关注，却忽视了其病理学基础。本文试图阐述心房心肌病、心房颤动及卒中的关系，并试图在此基础上阐述心房颤动导管消融的原理、现实及前景。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心房心肌病及其与心房颤动的关系，对心房心肌病的定义和认识。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">从某种意义上讲，心脏电生理专家忽视了心房颤动发生的心房病理学基础，这就影响了对心房颤动的更为全面的认识和了解，欧洲心房心肌病专家共识正在改变这一现状。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">目前该专家共识将心房心肌病定义为：指具有产生明显临床相关表现潜力的心房组织结构、收缩性及电生理特征的异常改变。心房心肌病的组织病理学类型分为四型：</span>1型，心肌细胞改变为主型。形态和细胞的病理改变主要累及心肌细胞（如肥大、溶解），病理性组织纤维化和间质改变不明显。如：孤立性心房颤动、遗传性疾病和糖尿病等。2型，纤维化改变为主型。纤维化改变明显，心肌细胞正常。如：衰老、吸烟等。3型，兼有心肌细胞病理改变及纤维化改变型。心肌细胞改变（如肥大、溶解）及纤维化改变。如：充血性心力衰竭、心脏瓣膜病等。4型，原发非胶原浸润为主伴或不伴心肌细胞改变型。间质改变为主，不伴有明显胶原沉积。（如淀粉样变、脂肪浸润、炎症细胞、其他间质改变）如：孤立性心房淀粉样变性、肉芽肿、炎症浸润、糖鞘脂等。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">这虽然是一个描述性工作定义，但这将拓宽对心房颤动认识的广度和深度，纠正过去将心房颤动孤立地作为单纯的心律失常来认识，忽视心房颤动发生的心房病理学基础。当前我们认为应该形成下列共识：</span>①心房心肌病不是一种特定的疾病，而是诸多临床疾病或损害累及心房所导致的多种心房病理改变；②心房颤动在绝大数情况下都是心房心肌病的后果和表现；③心房颤动可以导致、促进、加重心房心肌病；④发生在正常心房的阵发性心房颤动在临床上是非常少见的，发生于正常心房的持续性心房颤动从未被证实。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">正常心房不会发生持续性的心房颤动</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">在大多数临床情况下，心房颤动不仅仅是一种单纯的心律失常，不仅仅是心脏电活动的异常，而是心房病理改变所致的心电活动的异常，这种心电活动异常是心房病理改变的后果和表现之一。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">正常的心房并非不能发生心房颤动，在一些物理、化学因素的急性作用下，比如机械牵张、心房异位高频电活动或心房高频电刺激等，可以诱发心房颤动，但这些心房颤动一般无法持续而自行终止。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">当急性因素持续存在并且使心房颤动可以自发维持时，早期的心房心肌病（包括心房电重构）已经存在。过去曾有所谓</span>“孤立性心房颤动”，这与当时对导致心房颤动的疾病或临床状况的认识程度和水平有关。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">第一，所谓</span>“孤立”，只是没有当时认为可以导致心房颤动的临床并存疾病而非心房不存在病理改变，而现在已经发现诸多临床疾病可以导致心房病理改变（心房心肌病）。比如无明确原因的心房扩大，其实心房扩大已经是明确的心房病理改变。再比如单纯的高龄，年龄相关的心房心肌病理改变现在已经十分明确，年龄与心房颤动的关系也应该是建立在心房心肌病的基础之上。新的流行病学数据表明真正的“孤立性心房颤动”则越来越少，从1954年的30%到2012年的3%，如果将心房扩大、电生理标测的异常发现和CMR发现的心房病变除外，“孤立性心房颤动”是否存在已经不十分确定。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">第二，所谓</span>“孤立”，当时关注的是临床可以导致心房颤动的并存疾病而不是心房病理学，其实过去所谓的孤立性心房颤动并非发生在正常的心房病理学基础之上，Frustaci等报道12例孤立性心房颤动的房间隔活检结果，全部病例均存在心房病理改变。Corradi 等对19例孤立性心房颤动心房活检研究也均发现较明显的病理改变。Stiles等对25例阵发性孤立性心房颤动的心内电生理标测显示，这些阵发性孤立性心房颤动患者的心房明显扩大、传导减慢、不应期延长，并存在广泛的碎裂电位和低电压，这些患者心房病理学改变可以被预期，也就是说没有心房病理改变的“孤立性”心房颤动并没有被证实。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">最近，用心脏核磁共振显像晚期钆增强（</span>LGE）研究发现LGE占心房肌的比例在阵发性心房颤动（n=94）为32%，而在持续性心房颤动（n=71）为41%，并且LGE越严重，导管消融复发率越高。这足以说明心房颤动患者的心房肌纤维化之严重。临床上的“孤立性”心房颤动和阵发性心房颤动均没有发现在病理学上心房正常的证据，发生在正常心房组织病理学基础上的持续性心房颤动从未被证实。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心房心肌病和心房颤动的因果关系</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">如前所述，目前没有发生于正常心房的持续性心房颤动的证据，所谓的</span>“孤立性”心房颤动也均不同程度地存在心房心肌病的病理改变，也就是说发生于心房心肌病基础之上的临床心房颤动在被广泛地认知。尽管心房心肌病和心房颤动可以互相驱动，一方面心房心肌病的病理基础导致了心房颤动的发生，另一方面心房颤动也同时恶化了心房心肌病。但不管在始动机制还是驱动作用上，心房颤动作为心房心肌病的后果发挥了更大作用。因为对于那些导管消融消除了心房颤动的患者并没有改善心房心肌病的进程，这说明心房心肌病甚至独立于心房颤动而存在和进展。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1560136357597.JPG\" title=\"心房颤动导管消融术\" alt=\"心房颤动导管消融术\" width=\"219\" height=\"300\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">欢迎扫描二维码加入</span>QQ群，听听病友们怎么说，听听医生怎么说！</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1183,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1560136097896,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1560136097896,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"25720","isDel":0,"createAt":1560135876984,"createBy":"425fdc1d2e6111e8a3d800163e04584d","createName":"求一红颜笑看余生","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"425fdc1d2e6111e8a3d800163e04584d","title":"射频消融手术失败了怎么办","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">很多患者对射频消融术有顾虑，</span></span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">射频消融手术失败了怎么办</span></span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">？今天为大家带来胡大一教授的经历，《过好早搏心房颤动人生》病例故事</span>——从一位六次射频消融手术失败的心房颤动患者讲起！</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1560135892918.jpg\" title=\"射频消融手术失败了怎么办\" alt=\"射频消融手术失败了怎么办\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">与其与心房颤动为敌，不如学会与之为伴！</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">带着心房颤动</span>/扑动，带着早搏（包括室性早搏）的人生依然可以长寿、幸福、美好，可以享受人生，奉献社会。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">先从一位我亲自诊治过的中年心房颤动患者曲折治疗的经历谈起吧。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">这是一位年富力强的中年企业家，本无明显不适，工作繁忙，事业有成，常规体检时，从记录的心电图上发现有心房颤动，便开始在网上搜寻相关诊疗信息，越看越害怕。许多文章讲到心房颤动不及时做导管消融手术治疗，病情会逐年加重，最终会出现心力衰竭而卧床不起；同时他发现网上将射频消融技术描述得十分神奇而美好，微创，不用开胸，可以根治，可告别心房颤动；再仔细打听，某医院做得最多最好，某医院是老二，尽管打听到医疗费用很高，但他自己完全可以承担，钱对他不是问题，身体健康才最重要。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">他先去了某医院找到做射频消融最知名的主任，该主任对他的病很重视，亲自披挂上阵，给他做消融手术。术后从导管室回到病房，刚躺到病床上，心房颤动就复发了！手术以失败而告终。这位主任说，不要灰心，这种手术一次不成功，不等于没有希望，有的做了</span>8次才成功。患者说先出院养养再做，连着手术太伤元气了。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">患者出院后，去找了</span>“老二”——某著名医院另一位专家，也属心房颤动消融的“武林高手”，第二次消融又以失败告终。中国的老大、老二都不行了，目光转向了国外，于是飞往加拿大住院手术。人都说事不过三，第三次手术后又很快复发。回国半年后，收到加拿大医生邮件说医院有了新的“家伙事儿”，有新的消融工具了，大大提高了手术成功率。患者再次飞往加拿大，手术再次失败，比第一次复发得还要早、还要快。3个月后，听朋友介绍美国休斯敦射频消融做得好，他又去休斯敦先后两次射频消融都未成功，这才到和睦家挂号找到我讨论下一步怎么办。离那位主任讲的8次还差两次，是否继续手术？</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">与我谈话时，那位患者情绪极为低落，本来十分成功的事业已辞职不干了，也不敢游泳、出差，本无症状的他变得天天胸闷不适、心悸、全身乏力，对任何事情都失去了兴趣。我和他进行了一番长谈，耐心开导并告知他可以带着心房颤动生存，你本来心率不快，又无症状，手术前完全适应高强度、快节奏出行和工作。你又没有高血压、糖尿病、心力衰竭、卒中，年纪才</span>50岁出头，没有任何发生血栓的风险，你最好的治疗是不射频，不服药，不要与心房颤动为敌，而要学会与之为伴，重新享受生活，回归社会。经过一段康复，他重新振作精神，恢复了事业，愉快地生活着。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">我自己的母亲也患有心房颤动几十年，也有过室上性心动过速，室性早搏，她一直坚持保守治疗，用最便宜的阿替洛尔控制心室率，</span>98岁还能每周出诊6天，老有所为。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">还有一位已成好朋友的心房颤动患者，因二尖瓣脱垂伴有心房颤动，在某医院成功接受了瓣膜修复手术，同时接受了心房迷宫手术，希望根治心房颤动，而原本预期的</span>3～4小时手术，做了15个小时，瓣膜修复术很成功，心房迷宫手术失败，之后去另一家医院做射频消融，很快复发，心房颤动改变为心房扑动，又到该医院直流电击复律，又很快复发。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">术前他能亲自驾车，爱旅游，几经折腾变得不敢运动，也恐惧开车，去海南休假，家人也不让他爬山，可他爬上去无任何不适。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">经过康复，现在他参加了我的万步路微信群，每天都走</span>15000步到3万步，经常占领封面。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">我要告诉大家导管消融治疗心房颤动到底是种什么样的技术。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">这项技术引入中国已超过</span>20年，至今在最有经验、手术量最大的医院，一次手术的成功率夸张地说不会超过70%，术后的复发率不会低于30%，而且20多年来，大多数的医院医生重复出现上述结果，医疗成本非常大。我认为射频消融不会是今天和以后解决中国几百万心房颤动患者的主流治疗方法。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">更为严重的是一些医学精英掌握着话语权，引领着医疗的发展方向，以创新、创业、创收为动力，不断推动发展最新、不成熟、成本大幅拉高的技术，正面是创新发展，另一面是名利双收。同时，当下医疗信息又把不接受这些成功率低，且复发率高、成本高的治疗技术的后果说得很可怕，说心房颤动如不手术，便会导致心力衰竭甚至猝死。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">结果让那些治不起，不需治，手术无效，术后复发，尤其出现严重并发症（如心脏破裂）的患者觉得人生无望，情绪低落，犹如被判了死缓。而我们的医院只卖汽车，不办</span>4S店，做完支架、搭桥、射频消融就放养、散养，让患者自己想办法，这是一种技术崇拜，趋利性的、极不负责任的医学模式和职业行为。我学医行医51年，经历过没有支架、没有搭桥、没有射频消融和药品匮乏的年代，很多冠心病和心房颤动的患者经过低成本高效率的医疗服务，几十年病情稳定，生活美满。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">我也经历了新技术层出不穷，甚至让人眼花缭乱的时代，经历了太多令我感动和感慨的医务界好人好事。很多稳定的冠心病患者，被</span>CT筛查出的无症状的血管狭窄临界程度（70%～80%）的患者，很多老年心房颤动患者在今天有了更多药物和正在发展起来的心脏康复服务，不做支架或搭桥，不做射频消融，比做手术活得更好，甚至更长寿。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">过度医疗，给广大患者带来的伤害让我的内心始终不能平静。我不能不说，我不能不干，反对过度医疗，反对神化高成本技术，反对误导患者过度医疗，其实是在捍卫常识，捍卫科学，捍卫良心和道德底线，也是在捍卫医生职业的神圣。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">我们要实事求是地满怀同情心与责任心去呵护那些不需要做、做不起射频消融，而手术生效后又复发，甚至出现严重并发症的患者们的生命与生活，让他们重拾光明和希望。大家要站出来，组建线下或者互联网的</span>“过好心房颤动人生俱乐部”，医患之间，同病相怜的患者之间，从事这一职业的医生与医生之间，建立相互信赖、线上线下互动机制，互相关心，互相爱护，互相帮助。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">医生，看的是病，救的是心，开的是药，给的是情！医疗医学最需要的永远不是技术，而是对受病痛折磨的一个个患者的同情与换位思考，以及承担起为患者解除病痛的责任。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">全国应尽快行动起来，尽快启动</span>“过好心房颤动人生俱乐部”，让广大不必做射频消融、做不起射频消融、消融失败、术后复发的患者回归美好人生，这是心房颤动主战场，主旋律。控制心室率，用好华法林，旗帜鲜明地反对过度左心耳封堵和消融不恰当泛用，行动起来，让很多生活不富裕的患者也能看得起病，看得好病，大力推广适宜技术，做好五个处方服务。 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1560136244605.JPG\" title=\"射频消融手术失败了怎么办\" alt=\"射频消融手术失败了怎么办\" width=\"219\" height=\"300\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">欢迎扫描二维码加入</span>QQ群，听听病友们怎么说，听听医生怎么说！</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":2651,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1560135876988,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1560135876988,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"25719","isDel":0,"createAt":1560135557727,"createBy":"425fdc1d2e6111e8a3d800163e04584d","createName":"求一红颜笑看余生","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"425fdc1d2e6111e8a3d800163e04584d","title":"怎么治疗房颤","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">对于房颤来说，好的治疗很重要，那么，</span></span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">怎么治疗房颤</span></span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">？这个是一个有待讨论的问题，我们今天继续来看胡大一教授的经历，《过好早搏心房颤动人生》病例故事</span>——心房颤动的根本出路是防控！</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1560135899697.jpg\" title=\"怎么治疗房颤\" alt=\"怎么治疗房颤\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心房颤动是一种伴随人口老龄化快速发展，与高龄相关的常见心律失常，机制复杂，病因不明。一个无任何心血管病危险因素、无器质性心脏病的阵发性心房颤动年轻人和</span>90岁老人的慢性持续性心房颤动，可以视为完全不同的疾病。如果前者发作频繁，病症明显，经导管射频消融治疗可作为优先考虑的选择。而对后者，显然不应考虑消融，更合理的治疗是控制心室率和安全有效预防血栓栓塞并发症，特别要谨慎平衡抗凝中血栓栓塞与出血的风险。同时有肾功能明显减退的高龄患者，更应关注管控出血风险。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">我早前预测过，射频消融技术注定不是解决心房颤动的主导或主流技术。根治心房颤动仍是一场梦，并且是可能永远难圆的梦。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">该观点与刚刚召开的</span>AHA专家们的观点略同。美国著名的心电生理和心律失常大家Calkin认为导管消融不大可能根治心房颤动，将来的方向可能是第五条路——上游的预防。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">他发言中有张幻灯片，展示了心电生理和心律失常领域亟待改变的重消融、轻防控的错误发展方向，应引起当下我国医学界尤其热心、热情，忙于、乐于做射频消融的专家们深思。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">我为什么始终对导管消融根治预激综合征、房室结折返性心动过速充满信心，而对其根治心房颤动一直在谨慎观望？依据的是什么？两个字：常识！白岩松先生</span>40岁人生感悟，第一条就是捍卫常识！</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">预激综合征与房室结折返性心动过速的病因、解剖学基础、心动过速的发生机制清楚，消融方案清晰，成功判断标准明确；而心房颤动机制不明，消融方案不确切，是否成功缺乏明确判断标准。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">从技术推广实践来看，前者的经验非常容易推广普及，短短几年，国内数百家医院都能复制开展，成功率有</span>95%以上，复发率1%～3%；而后者已历时20多年，成功率30%～80%，竟然有这么大的差别！复发率估计超过30%，是我从医以来，在临床上看到的复发率最高的技术，而且技术极难复制和推广。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">还需要特别关注的一个倾向是，在当下我国</span>“医学精英”主导医学话语权。医学精英往往重视高、精、尖生物技术治疗，多在宣讲高、精、尖治疗技术的美好，不重视低成本适宜技术。在这种情况下，很多公众和患者误认为射频消融就是心房颤动的主流解决方案，一些贫困患者甚至不惜卖房也要接受这种成本极高、疗效不确切且复发率高的治疗。这种怪圈下，那些无钱消融、手术失败、术后复发、术后发生严重并发症的患者往往感到走投无路，精神郁闷。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">实际上，通过办慢病管理的</span>4S店，组建过好心房颤动人生俱乐部，通过医患和患患沟通，心房颤动可防可控。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">AHA会上提到目前值得关注的预防心房颤动的四个方面：（1）治疗睡眠呼吸暂停；（2）控制高血压；（3）预防肥胖；（4）限酒。我们心脏预防康复的五大处方就能充分做好这四方面的管理。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">药物对控制心房颤动十分重要，主要是做好心率或心律控制和做好危险分层，落实管理好抗凝。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">在我国仍应重视华法林规范化使用。新型口服抗凝药与华法林比较的一些优势，随华法林规范管理程度提升，优势的空间会越来越小。新型抗凝药价格高，未进医保，大部分医院尤其二级城市和广大县城医院目前不可获取。不该不理智地抛弃低成本、行之有效、惠及更广大民众的适宜技术。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">一些人认为，用了新型抗凝药，就不需要随访管理了，这是错觉。即使不需监测</span>INR，任何一种以预防为目的的措施，其依从性都不会很好。新型口服抗凝药的安全性、有效性与依从性，仍然需要管理随访。办好专病俱乐部，就是最好的管理模式。 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1560136388248.JPG\" title=\"怎么治疗房颤\" alt=\"怎么治疗房颤\" width=\"219\" height=\"300\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">欢迎扫描二维码加入</span>QQ群，听听病友们怎么说，听听医生怎么说！</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1092,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1560135557728,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1560135557728,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"25706","isDel":0,"createAt":1559792325545,"createBy":"425fdc1d2e6111e8a3d800163e04584d","createName":"求一红颜笑看余生","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"425fdc1d2e6111e8a3d800163e04584d","title":"房颤射频消融术后复发怎么办","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">有部分房颤患者发生过这样的情况，射频消融术后复发，那么，</span></span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">房颤射频消融术后复发怎么办</span></span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">？本文继续为大家带来胡大一教授的经历，《过好早搏心房颤动人生》病例故事</span>——从一位射频消融术后复发的患者再谈心房颤动管理！</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1559793226721.jpg\" title=\"房颤射频消融术后复发怎么办\" alt=\"房颤射频消融术后复发怎么办\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">病</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">情</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">回</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">放</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">患者女性，</span>63岁，无高血压，无糖尿病，超声心动图检查心脏正常，2013年发现阵发性心房颤动，在济南一家军队医院，请北京做心房颤动消融手术量最大的团队成员为患者做了第一次射频消融。术后嘱患者服用胺碘酮3个月。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">讨</span> &nbsp;<span style=\"font-family:宋体\">论</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">我要提的第一个问题是，心房颤动射频消融的成功与否怎么判断？是消融有效，还是胺碘酮的效果？患者停用胺碘酮</span>1个多月后，心房颤动复发，频繁发作。家属联系经治医院，经治医院联系手术医生，手术医生回答，再服用3个月胺碘酮。患者害怕心房颤动复发，又服用了半年胺碘酮。停药2个月后，心房颤动再次频繁发作。患者无奈又服用胺碘酮。只要停服，心房颤动就复发。2016年2月春节过后，又到同一家医院，请回北京的同一位医生，做第二次射频消融。之后同样服胺碘酮3个月。停药后，心房颤动又很快复发，并出现甲状腺机能亢进。用药物治疗，甲亢得到控制。现服用普罗帕酮150毫克，日3次，比索洛尔2.5毫克，近3周，病情稳定。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">我要提的第二个问题，消融术后如何加强随访并及时指导患者治疗？消融失败、消融复发的患者，需要获得更多关爱与服务。要通过适当调整用药，帮助患者找到生命的光明和希望。否则这些患者本抱着根治心房颤动的美好期望接受手术的，手术失败，心房颤动复发后万念俱灰，这是一种活不下去的痛苦和失望。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">既然是一种成功率较低而复发率较高的高成本技术，那就应认真做好两方面的事情：一是精心选择适应证，二是认真做好术后的随访。对手术失败或复发的患者，要精心个体化调整治疗方案，心房颤动患者同样也需要</span>“五大处方”的康复。回想起多年前，我们国内就有人力主在指南中把射频消融治疗心房颤动作为Ia类推荐，甚至还听到心力衰竭患者只要能经利尿，躺平就可以射频的令人啼笑皆非的口号。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">第三个问题是，这么多手术失败或术后心房颤动复发的患者，谁来管？答案：认真办好</span>“过好心房颤动人生俱乐部”，形成医患、患患和医医的有效互动，为这些患者送温暖，指方向，供服务。带着心房颤动的人生依然可以美好。让广大患者学会自我管理好心率、心律和抗凝管理。不是要与心房颤动为敌，而是要学会与之为伴。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">随着年龄的增长，越来越多的人会患上心房颤动或其他慢病，大多数情况很少能根治，而是需要时时的安慰、服务和关爱。</span> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1559792352998.JPG\" title=\"房颤射频消融术后复发怎么办\" alt=\"房颤射频消融术后复发怎么办\" width=\"219\" height=\"300\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">欢迎扫描二维码加入</span>QQ群，听听病友们怎么说，听听医生怎么说！</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":926,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1559792325546,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1559792325546,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"25705","isDel":0,"createAt":1559792128285,"createBy":"425fdc1d2e6111e8a3d800163e04584d","createName":"求一红颜笑看余生","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"425fdc1d2e6111e8a3d800163e04584d","title":"高血压持续性房颤怎么治疗","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">很多房颤患者伴有高血压的症状，如何治疗也是需要斟酌和考虑的，本文为大家带来</span></span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">高血压持续性房颤怎么治疗</span></span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">？我们继续来看胡大一教授的经历，《过好早搏心房颤动人生》病例故事</span>——伴有高血压的持续心房颤动 治疗选择！</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1559792659696.jpg\" title=\"高血压持续性房颤怎么治疗\" alt=\"高血压持续性房颤怎么治疗\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">病情回放</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">一位乐观、豁达、</span>58岁的男性患者。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">胡大一教授：怎么不好？</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">患者：检查身体，说我有心房颤动。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">胡大一教授：自己有啥异常感觉没有？</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">患者：没有。</span>4月份发现的，医生建议我去××医院治疗，我没在意。5月份我们单位有一个大的生产变动，我组织的，没弄太好，回来之后同事说我脸色怎么那么苍白，我自己当时感觉浑身没劲。就这么一次。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">上</span>××医院找大夫看了，说能做手术。我愿意采取积极的治疗方法，我跟我女儿说了，但她们就是不同意，想多咨询一些意见。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">胡大一教授：有高血压吗？</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">患者：我</span>2006年查出来有高血压。2006年6月份开始吃药。现在吃的是缬沙坦和氨氯地平，加1片阿司匹林，还吃半片比索洛尔，我觉得心率减慢了，把比索洛尔减量至1/4片了。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">胡大一教授：吸烟吗？</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">患者：最近在慢慢减。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">胡大一教授：吸烟多少年了？</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">患者：有</span>40年了。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">胡大一教授：血脂情况如何？</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">患者：连续七八年检查都是甘油三酯高，最高到</span>4.2，一般在3左右。我听说血脂高得吃他汀类的药，因为要查肝功就不想吃。这次在××医院，医生让我把阿司匹林和博苏停了，换成华法林。还有一个阿托伐他汀。6月18日开始吃，前几天查甘油三酯是1.5。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">胡大一教授：服用华法林需要监测的问题，医生跟你说了吧？</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">患者：我</span>3天去医院查一次INR。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">胡大一教授：是抽静脉血吗？</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">患者：是。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">胡大一教授：可用指血。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心房颤动可能出现症状，也有可能引起风险。主要是看控制症状还是减少风险。心房颤动是否出现症状取决于心率快慢，你本身心率不快，而且还吃了博苏，所以你一直没有什么症状。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">风险主要是卒中，你又有高血压，现在吃的华法林需要查血，有新抗凝药，不需要查血，看经济情况。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">关于射频消融手术，你症状不明显，做了也不会有什么改善。血栓的预防不能靠射频，还是要服抗凝药。射频主要是改善症状，不能减少卒中风险。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">华法林吃一段时间，能把</span>INR控制在2～3，就不需要3天抽一次血。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">患者：医生现在跟我说可以</span>1个月查一次了。我一开始吃1片，现在加到了2片，INR控制在2左右。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">胡大一教授：只要不超过</span>3就可以，你继续吃2片华法林。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">另外射频的成功率是</span>50%～60%，复发率是1/3，有的患者需要多次做。我不建议你做，你坚持吃华法林应能控制得很好。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">还要把血压控制好，你可以把你吃的两种药换成</span>1片缬沙坦和氨氯地平复方片。阿托伐他汀可以每天晚上吃半片，如果觉得药片不好分，可隔天1片。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">患者：我从</span>6月份开始改变了一些生活习惯，一是不喝酒。第二，本来中午吃完饭之后就在单位睡觉，现在我吃完中午饭之后出去走1小时。晚上不吃主食，就吃点菜和水果，喝点酸奶。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">胡大一教授：这些药降甘油三酯没有什么效果，甘油三酯跟甜品或主食过多、饮酒和不运动的关系最大。他汀主要是降胆固醇，尤其是坏胆固醇（低密度脂蛋白胆固醇）作用。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">第一个方案是用药保守治疗；第二个方案是最多做一次射频消融。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">患者家属：有并发症吗？</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">胡大一教授：如果是有经验的大夫做应该问题不大。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">患者家属：做完后还是要吃药的吧？</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">胡大一教授：做完之后还要吃华法林，因为有的人术前有症状、术后复发的心房颤动可能没有症状，你本来就没有症状，怎么能确定做完之后就没有复发呢？</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">你如果能把烟戒了会更有帮助。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">患者：还有一个问题，他们说老心房颤动容易造成心房肥大，如果再做手术就错过了最佳时机。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">胡大一教授：主要是看你心室率快不快。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">患者：怎样算有症状？</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">胡大一教授：症状就是你自己的感觉。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">患者：我就</span>5月6日那天出现一次。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">胡大一教授：症状的出现和心率有关，和心理因素也有关。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">另外提醒你别老做</span>Holter，可能会发现夜里有长间歇，有人会要求你安起搏器，这完全没有必要。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">患者：医生说可以先电一下。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">胡大一教授：应该是电复律，就是经电击把你的心脏电活动停一下，相当于让你的心脏重启。这个手术的成功率更低，没有必要，而且复发率高，还不能不吃药，我建议你还是保守治疗。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">胡大一教授：我梳理一下你的情况：</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">第一，如果你不做射频可早上吃</span>1/4的比索洛尔，控制你白天的心率。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">第二，有心房颤动又有高血压，不用阿司匹林，需要用华法林，经济条件允许的话，可用达比加群或利伐沙班，这两个药不需查血，出血的风险小。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">第三，甘油三酯主要与过多的主食、甜品、酒和不运动有关，通过改变生活方式可降低。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">另外，把烟戒了，烟主要对动脉不好，增加血栓风险。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">患者：抽烟主要是因为工作关系，每天四五根都是在单位抽的。我争取戒了。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">诊</span> &nbsp;<span style=\"font-family:宋体\">断</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">持续性心房颤动、高血压、高甘油三酯血症</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">医生总结</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心房颤动的发病率随着年龄增加而增加，是相对较良性的心律失常。心房颤动的症状主要取决于患者的心室率和主观感受，由于患者有高血压，所以有卒中风险，控制心室率和抗凝是治疗主线。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">如果选择射频消融这种治疗方法时，应该让患者了解以下几点：</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">手术目的：射频消融即使成功，改善的是症状，改变不了卒中风险，也不能延长患者的寿命，仍需抗凝治疗。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">成功率：平均成功率实际也就</span>50%～60%左右，复发率1/3。少数反复多次消融，最后可达到80%左右，不推荐，建议一次不成功便不再做，转为保守治疗。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">抗凝治疗问题：</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">抗凝治疗的目的是预防卒中。如果有高龄、高血压、糖尿病、心功能不全等诸多危险因素，应抗凝。华法林是心房颤动抗凝的经典用药，但需监测</span>INR值以个体化调整用药剂量，华法林的管理水平越高，与新抗凝药的差距越小。新的抗凝药无须测量INR值，但费用较高，目前尚未进入国内医保。 &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1559792170635.JPG\" title=\"高血压持续性房颤怎么治疗\" alt=\"高血压持续性房颤怎么治疗\" width=\"219\" height=\"300\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">欢迎扫描二维码加入</span>QQ群，听听病友们怎么说，听听医生怎么说！</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1009,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1559792128286,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1559792128286,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"type0":[{"id":"26381","isDel":0,"createAt":1566466169297,"createBy":"425fdc1d2e6111e8a3d800163e04584d","createName":"求一红颜笑看余生","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"425fdc1d2e6111e8a3d800163e04584d","title":"房颤最常见的病因是","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">相信我们都听说过房颤，那么，你知道</span></span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">房颤最常见的病因</span></span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">是哪些</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">吗</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">？</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">找良医网告诉你，</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">高龄是房颤的一个非常重要的原因。随着年龄增加，房颤的风险逐渐增加。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1566466499287.jpg\" title=\"房颤最常见的病因是\" alt=\"房颤最常见的病因是\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">其次是高血压，血压越高，房颤的危险也就越高。高血压时，心室内的压力较高，心房内的压力也会进一步升高，促进房颤的发生。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">有心脏病人，比如瓣膜病、心肌梗死、心肌病和心力衰竭，发生房颤的危险也非常高。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">非心脏疾病，如甲亢、肥胖、夜间睡眠呼吸暂停综合征、酗酒、吸烟，也容易促发房颤。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">有些人是家族性的房颤，也就是说基因突变，导致了容易发生房颤。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">流行病学研究发现，</span>56%的房颤人群的成因可被1个以上的上述常见危险因子解释。这些危险因素通过影响心房结构重构和电重构，增加房颤的发生风险。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1566466491216.JPG\" title=\"房颤最常见的病因是\" alt=\"房颤最常见的病因是\" width=\"219\" height=\"300\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">欢迎扫描二维码加入</span>QQ群，听听病友们怎么说，听听医生怎么说！</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":983,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1566466169297,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1566466169297,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8853","isDel":0,"createAt":1512615683799,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"房颤的最好治疗方法有哪些","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">房颤治疗的目的是恢复心脏正常的节律性搏动，或控制合理的心室速率，防止中风等严重并发症的出现等。房颤最好的治疗方法有：</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512616553183.jpg\" title=\"房颤的最好治疗方法有哪些\" alt=\"房颤的最好治疗方法有哪些\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、药物治疗。抗心律失常药物和抗凝药物。药物治疗只能控制症状和预防并发症的发生，一般需要长期服药。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、安装永久起搏器。首先消融房室结，然后安装永久起搏器，完全控制心室率，这一方法病人仍有中风危险。同时该方法较为昂贵，而且起搏器寿命有限，需定期更换。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3、心内科导管消融。应用特殊的导管经过静脉通路插入到心脏，然后在X线监视下，将导管送至发生异常电刺激信号的心房相应部位，通过射频等热能损伤，来消除这些异常电活动，达到消除房颤的目的。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span><br/></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1123,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512615683801,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512615683801,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8844","isDel":0,"createAt":1512614712169,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"什么原因导致了房颤","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">发现了房颤，当然首先要寻找一下导致房颤的原因。很多心脏病都能导致房颤，比如风湿性心脏瓣膜病也就是我们平时所说的风心病，比如高血压、心肌病、冠心病、心包炎等都可以导致房颤。其他系统的疾病也可以引起房颤，最常见的是甲亢（即甲状腺功能亢进症）。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512615555809.png\" title=\"什么原因导致了房颤\" alt=\"什么原因导致了房颤\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">当然也有少部分房颤找不到原因，患者心脏结构正常，这种房颤多见于年轻人，与吸烟、酗酒、熬夜、加班、赶工作、洋快餐等不良因素加重了年轻人心脏负担可能有关，提早诱发了房颤的发生。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">房颤的发生并非单一原因所致，发生房颤的高危因素有：过度饮酒、高血压、糖尿病、肥胖、冠心病、心肌病、心力衰竭、风湿性心脏病、心肌肥厚、甲状腺疾病、心脏外科手术等。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\"></span></span><br/></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1097,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512614712171,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512614712171,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8841","isDel":0,"createAt":1512614540624,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"房颤的五大病因   你知道几个","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　在临床工作中，面对房颤患者，最多的问题是我为什么会得房颤？到底是什么原因？。原因是房颤是一种十分复杂的心律失常，是心律失常领域尚未解决的顽疾，自从</span>1874年发现心房颤动这一电生理现象后，就从未终止过对其发生机制的探索，目前在房颤机制上还有许多没有解决的问题。因此对于房颤的病因，还没有十分肯定的答案，通过临床分析与观察，发现了房颤与一些疾病的相关性，简述如下。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　</p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512614740510.jpg\" title=\"房颤的五大病因   你知道几个\" alt=\"房颤的五大病因   你知道几个\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(1)风湿性心脏病：约占心房颤动病因的33.7%，以二尖瓣狭窄及闭锁不全多见。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(2)冠心病：经冠状动脉造影证实为冠心病心绞痛者，心房颤动的发生率为1.5%，陈旧性心肌梗死心房颤动发生率为3.8%;急性心肌梗死时的发生率为8.2%。而因胸痛进行冠状动脉造影证实冠状动脉正常者，心房颤动发生率为11%。总之冠心病的发生率是较低的。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(3)高血压性心脏病：其心房肌的很多小动脉管腔可因内膜增厚而狭窄或完全闭塞，使局部心肌发生缺血性变化及纤维化，与房颤的发生密切相关。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(4)甲状腺功能亢进：早期心肌有局灶性坏死和淋巴细胞浸润，病程久者心肌常呈细小局限性纤维化，房颤发生率为5%，多见于40～45岁患者。青年患者较少见，即使发生也多为阵发性。甲状腺功能恢复后房颤随之好转或消失。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(5)病态窦房结综合征：当窦房结动脉局灶性肌纤维结构发育不良，胶原结构异常及窦房结周围的变性，特别是窦房结周围变性以及窦性冲动的异常，可促使心房颤动的发生。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(6)心肌病：各类型的心肌病，常因伴有局灶性的心房肌炎症、变性或纤维化、心房扩大易导致心房颤动的发生，其中酒精性心肌病患者心房颤动常是该病的首发表现，发生率高。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(7)其他心脏病：如肺源性心脏病，房颤发生率为4%～5%，大多为阵发性，呼吸功能改善后发作会减少;慢性缩窄性心包炎;先天性心脏病等。心房颤动皆属于自律性增高的局灶起源性心房颤动;而部分的阵发性及部分持续性及慢性心房颤动为心房内、肺静脉、腔静脉局部微折返机制所致。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1117,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512614540629,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512614540629,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8838","isDel":0,"createAt":1512614197457,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"致使房颤的病因是什么","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">致使房颤的病因是什么？临床上显示引起房颤的病因分为两类，最常见的也是发生率较高的就是心脏原因引起的心动房颤，另外一类就是非心脏原因引起的房颤。具体房颤的原因如下：</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512614371301.jpg\" title=\"致使房颤的病因是什么\" alt=\"致使房颤的病因是什么\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、心脏原因</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">风湿性心脏病、高血压性心脏病、冠状动脉疾病、缺血性心脏病、心脏瓣膜病、甲状腺功能亢进、病态窦房结综合征、充血性心衰、心肌病及其他</span>(窦结病、肿瘤、心包炎等)。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">其中风湿性心脏病约占心房颤动病因的</span>33.7%，常见于年轻患者。由冠状动脉疾病引起心房颤动的发生率为1.5%，由甲状腺功能亢进引起的心动房颤多见于40～45岁患者。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">青年患者较少见，即使发生也多为阵发性。其他心脏病如肺源性心脏病、慢性缩窄性心包炎、先天性心脏病等。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、非心脏原因</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">家族性房颤、预激综合征、心脏手术和外伤引起房颤、电解质紊乱以及其它疾病等，另外嗜酒、迷走神经刺激</span>(饮食或锻炼后)也可引起房颤。预激并发房颤的发生率为11.5%～39%。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">预激综合征并发心房颤动被认为情况严重，因为旁路没有像房室结那样生理性传导延搁的保护作用，所以经旁道下传的心室率多在</span>180次/min以上，严重影响心脏的排血量。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">除了上述介绍的原因外，引发房颤原的原因还有可能来自于某些疾病，如</span>FK3、系统性红斑狼疮、硬皮病、白血病、淀粉样变、慢性阻塞性肺病、肺炎、肺栓塞等，希望大家多加注意，且一旦发现疾病的存在需及时治疗。上海远大心胸医院的胸腔镜下迷宫型手术及射频消融术两种具有优势的技术可解除各种房颤危机，这两种治疗房颤方法都具有安全高、创伤小、恢复快等优点。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1138,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512614197459,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512614197459,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8837","isDel":0,"createAt":1512613800392,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"房颤的原因具体有哪些呢","content":"<p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　房颤的原因具体有哪些呢</span>?</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512614052882.jpg\" title=\"房颤的原因具体有哪些呢\" alt=\"房颤的原因具体有哪些呢\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　1、高血压引起房颤。通常情况下，高血压患者更容易发生房颤，这种几率要比普通人高出2倍左右，所以高血压患者要通过降低血压来改善房颤的情况。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　2、左心室功能不全引起房颤。房颤发生的另一个因素是左心室功能不全，很多心肌梗死和心肌病容易引起左心室功能障碍，造成房颤。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　3、甲状腺功能亢进引起房颤。有甲状腺功能亢进情况的患者中一部分会同时有房颤的政治，而且就算是隐形的甲状腺功能亢进患者，他们出现房颤的几率也是比较高的，一般这种情况，只要甲状腺功能亢进得到治疗的话，房颤就可以得到恢复。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　4、糖尿病引起房颤。糖尿病患者发生房颤的几率不仅高，而且会两种疾病会互相影响，糖尿病患者并发房颤的时候一般预后的效果都不是特别好，要特别引起重视，只有在早期的时候控制糖尿病才能改善房颤的情况。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　5、创伤造成的炎症引起房颤。很多患者在手术之后会并发房颤的情况，很大程度是和炎症有关系，因此在手术之后一定要使用有效药物来进行抗炎。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1019,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512613800394,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512613800394,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8836","isDel":0,"createAt":1512613574601,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"房颤的发生与哪些因素有关呢","content":"<p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　房颤的高发病率，让我们在生活中又多认识了一种疾病，而之所以如此，是因为人们都惧怕这种病症出现在自己身上。专家表示，远离疾病的方法是多种多样的，而其前提条件就是掌握它的知识。那么，房颤的发生与哪些因素有关呢</span>?</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　与房颤发生有关的因素</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512613720510.jpeg\" title=\"房颤的发生与哪些因素有关呢\" alt=\"房颤的发生与哪些因素有关呢\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　1、心房体积与病变：心房体积的大小和房颤的诱发和持续有关。心房负荷增加、心房扩大、急慢性损伤、窦房结或结间束(心肌)纤维化均与房颤的形成有关。有心衰发生时房颤不易控制。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　2、兴奋波的波长：兴奋波的波长等于兴奋的传导速度和心肌有效不应期的乘积，因此传导减慢和不应期缩短均可使兴奋的波长缩短。兴奋的波长决定了心房肌内能够产生的游走小波的数量，波长越短产生的小波越多，从而使得心律失常越容易产生和持续。在大实验中已证实用药物或刺激的办法延长心房内传导或缩短不应期可诱发房颤。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　3、心肌的非均一性和各向异性结构：正常的心肌存在着结构和电生理的各向异性(anis-otropy)。结构的各向异性是指心肌纤维空间排列不同。电生理的各向异性是指兴奋在心肌纤维内，传导速度以及心肌电容和电阻的各向异性。心房肌纤维细长，呈纵行排列，激动沿纤维长径传导速度快，但激动强度随传导距离增加而逐渐减弱;沿横径传导速度慢，但强度大(传播的保险系数大)。当在长径方向传导阻滞时，仍可从横径缓慢传播，如返回时长径已能接受激动，即可形成折返。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　4、自主神经影响：迷走神经与交感神经在一些房颤的发作中起重要作用，形成迷走神经与交感神经介导的两种不同类型的阵发性房颤。心肌电活动的稳定性有赖于迷走神经和交感神经活动的平衡，二者任何一方活动度增强都可引起心律失常。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　5、年龄因素：随着年龄的增长，窦房结发生退行性变，容易发生房颤。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1316","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":995,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512613574603,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512613574603,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"6636","isDel":0,"createAt":1509506993325,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":1523773683459,"updateBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"良药苦口","userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"专家向您解答  房颤是怎么回事 病理病因是什么","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网向您详细介绍<strong>房颤的病理病因</strong>，房颤主要是由什么原因引起的。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">一、发病原因</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">1.器质性心脏病</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">(1)风湿性心脏病：</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">约占心房颤动病因的</span>33.7%，以二尖瓣狭窄及闭锁不全多见。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1509507663778.jpg\" title=\"专家向您解答  房颤是怎么回事 病理病因是什么\" alt=\"专家向您解答  房颤是怎么回事 病理病因是什么\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">找良医网向您详细介绍房颤的病理病因，房颤主要是由什么原因引起的。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">一、发病原因</span><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1.器质性心脏病</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(1)风湿性心脏病：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">约占心房颤动病因的</span>33.7%，以二尖瓣狭窄及闭锁不全多见。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(2)冠心病：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">经冠状动脉造影证实为冠心病心绞痛者，心房颤动的发生率为</span>1.5%，陈旧性心肌梗死心房颤动发生率为3.8%;急性心肌梗死时的发生率为8.2%。而因胸痛进行冠状动脉造影证实冠状动脉正常者，心房颤动发生率为11%。总之冠心病的发生率是较低的。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(3)高血压性心脏病：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">其心房肌的很多小动脉管腔可因内膜增厚而狭窄或完全闭塞，使局部心肌发生缺血性变化及纤维化。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(4)甲状腺功能亢进：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">早期心肌有局灶性坏死和淋巴细胞浸润，病程久者心肌常呈细小局限性纤维化，发生率为</span>5%，多见于40～45岁患者。青年患者较少见，即使发生也多为阵发性。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(5)病态窦房结综合征：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">当窦房结动脉局灶性肌纤维结构发育不良，胶原结构异常及窦房结周围的变性，特别是窦房结周围变性以及窦性冲动的异常，可促使心房颤动的发生。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(6)心肌病：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">各类型的心肌病，常因伴有局灶性的心房肌炎症、变性或纤维化、心房扩大易导致心房颤动的发生，其中酒精性心肌病患者心房颤动常是该病的首发表现，发生率高。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(7)其他心脏病：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">如肺源性心脏病</span>(发生率为4%～5%，大多为阵发性，呼吸功能改善后发作会减少);慢性缩窄性心包炎;先天性心脏病等。心房颤动皆属于自律性增高的局灶起源性心房颤动;而部分的阵发性及部分持续性及慢性心房颤动为心房内、肺静脉、腔静脉局部微折返机制所致。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1509507424972.jpg\" title=\"专家向您解答  房颤是怎么回事 病理病因是什么\" alt=\"专家向您解答  房颤是怎么回事 病理病因是什么\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2.预激综合征</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">可能是由于预激综合征患者的旁道不应期很短，一旦建立了折返条件，经旁路的冲动增加，这种冲动又折返进入左心房应激期即能诱发心房颤动。预激并发房颤的发生率为</span>11.5%～39%。预激综合征并发心房颤动被认为情况严重，因为旁路没有像房室结那样生理性传导延搁的保护作用，所以经旁道下传的心室率多在180次/min以上，严重影响心脏的排血量。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3.其他疾病</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(1)全身浸润性疾病：系统性红斑狼疮、硬皮病、白血病、淀粉样变等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(2)肺和全身性感染以及慢性肺功能不全。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(3)心脏手术和外伤。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(4)洋地黄中毒、乌头碱类、尼古丁等中毒均可诱发房颤。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(5)各种心导管操作及经食管电刺激、电复律术中等可直接诱发房颤。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(6)酗酒和吸烟、情绪激动、过度吸烟、排尿等可直接发生或在原有心脏病基础上诱发房颤。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4.家族性房颤</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">系基因突变所致，遗传方式属</span>AD遗传，多在成年之后发生，呈阵发性，房颤在不知不觉中发生和终止。房颤发作症状较轻，多由劳累、精神紧张、感染、疼痛、饮酒、吸烟等诱发，心功能保持正常。一般预后较好。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">5.原因不明</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">健康人发生的特发性房颤，往往无器质性心脏病的依据。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">二、发病机制</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">目前认为大部分的阵发性心房颤动及部分持续性或慢性</span>(永久性)心房颤动皆属于自律性增高的局灶起源性心房颤动;而部分的阵发性及部分持续性及慢性心房颤动为心房内、肺静脉、腔静脉局部微折返机制所致。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1.自律性增高的局灶起源性心房颤动</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">多数学者认为能够触发心房颤动的局灶电活动可能属于异常自律性增强或触发活动。局灶具有显著的解剖学特点，这种局灶大多位于肺静脉，少数位于肺静脉以外的部位。局灶中存在起搏细胞，有</span>T、P细胞及浦肯野细胞。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(1)肺静脉：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">局灶起源性心房颤动触发心房颤动的局灶约</span>95%位于双侧上肺静脉，其中位于左上肺静脉者占48%～51%，位于右上肺静脉者占26%～44%。位于双侧下肺静脉者占28%。此外绝大多数局灶起源性心房颤动患者有68%系两支或两支以上的肺静脉内有触发性局灶;或者两个局灶位于同一支肺静脉中，仅有32%位于单支肺静脉。这一特点增加了消融成功的困难。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(2)上腔静脉：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">约</span>6%的患者触发心房颤动的局灶位于上腔静脉，局灶位于右心房与上腔静脉交界上(19±7)mm处。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(3)右心房：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">位于右心房者占</span>3%～4.7%，可位于右心房侧壁、房间隔处。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2.折返机制</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">肺静脉的心房肌袖在有和没有阵发性心房颤动患者的尸检中都存在，肌袖的远端纤维化程度增加，最后萎缩的肌细胞消失在纤维组织中，此系构成微折返发生的基础。此外，还发现局灶的电冲动</span>(从肺静脉或腔静脉)缓慢向左心房或右心房传导(可达160ms)，并有明显的递减传导。心房内不规则的微折返，折返环路不能确定，心房超速起搏不能终止。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3.触发和驱动心房颤动的两种模式</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">①局灶发放的电活动触发了心房颤动，随后继续的心房颤动与局灶的电活动无关，此模式占大多数，称局灶触发模式;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">②局灶存在一个长时间、持续的放电而引发心房颤动，称局灶驱动模式，少见。两种模式的相互关系、发生机制有何不同均不清楚。如心房颤动持续，则多同时有驱动和触发机制并存或交替出现，此时肌袖组织的电激动可以是快速有序或快速无序。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1509507882654.jpg\" title=\"专家向您解答  房颤是怎么回事 病理病因是什么\" alt=\"专家向您解答  房颤是怎么回事 病理病因是什么\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4.肺静脉扩张的作用</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">发现心房颤动组含有局灶的肺静脉比其他肺静脉直径大，约为</span>1.64cm∶1.07cm。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">心房颤动发生的基质是指其发生的基础原因，包括三方面：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">①解剖学基质：包括心房肌的纤维化、心房的扩张、心房梗死、心房外科手术等。解剖学基质的形成需较长的时间，有的可能需几年。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">②功能性基质：包括心房的牵张与缺血、自主神经与药物的影响、心动过缓或过速的存在。功能性基质的形成需要时间相对短，可在数天或数月形成。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">③启动因素：包括心脏停搏、长短周期现象、短长周期现象等，起动因素可能在数秒到数分钟就可形成。</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">除存在发生基质外，还需要房性期前收缩作为触发因素才能引起心房颤动的发生。单个房性期前收缩触发者约占</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">45%，多发性房性期前收缩触发者约占19%。短阵房性心动过速触发心房颤动者约占24%。</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">当一个或几个相对局限而固定的局灶反复发作房性期前收缩或房性心动过速而诱发的心房颤动称局灶起源性心房颤动。</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">心房颤动可由阵发性转变为持续性，除因疾病加重外，还与心房肌细胞本身的电生理性质发生改变即心房肌的电重构有关。</span></p><p><br/></p><p>&nbsp; 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