{"type5":[],"type4":[{"id":"8724","isDel":0,"createAt":1512451476460,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":1512451524068,"updateBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"梅油油","userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"动脉导管未闭饮食禁忌有哪些","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">一般情况下，动脉导管未闭患者是没有特殊的禁忌的。下面是关于动脉导管未闭术后饮食禁忌。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512451658120.jpg\" title=\"动脉导管未闭饮食禁忌有哪些\" alt=\"动脉导管未闭饮食禁忌有哪些\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">一、不宜盲目进补。补品对生长发育期间的孩子并不适宜。有些家长认为人参有滋补作用，于是给术后的孩子喝参汤。人参确有强心壮体、补气生津的功能，但不同的人参具有不同的性能，服用不当反会引起胃口减退、鼻子出血、烦躁不安等症状。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">二、不宜多吃罐装饮料和冷饮。目前市场上出售的罐装饮料品种繁多，不少饮料的成分主要是糖或糖精、香料、色素和水，营养却常不足。冷饮也是孩子们都喜欢吃的，但大手术后患儿的消化器官尚处于恢复调整阶段，这时患儿的消化功能往往较弱。过冷的食物进入胃内会刺激胃粘膜血管收缩、胃液分泌减少，影响食物在胃肠道内的消化过程</span>;同时也会减弱消化道的杀菌能力，导致胃肠道发生感染性疾病。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">三、严格控制盐的摄入，血液中钠离子浓度过高会引起体内大量水分的潴留，造成患儿全身水肿、肝脏肿大、增加心脏的负担，严重的还会导致心力衰竭。盐的主要成分是钠和氯，而钠在人体内具有</span>“水化”组织的作用，体内的钠和氯大部分都是从尿中排出的。同时，饮食过咸也是造成高血压的重要原因之一。所以先天性心脏病手术后的患儿的饮食一定要偏淡些，腌腊制品、咸蛋、咸鱼等含盐量过高的食品尽量不要食用。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">四、不宜多吃巧克力等甜食。多吃巧克力易造成小儿消化不良、大便秘结、食欲减退。同时巧克力含有咖啡因等成分，食用过多不仅会使小儿过度兴奋、影响休息，而且对小儿的大脑发育带来一定的不良影响。心脏手术之后，当小儿不愿意吃饭时，不少家长喜欢塞巧克力给小儿吃，以为这样可以保证营养。巧克力的主要成分是脂肪和糖，热量很高，但所含的蛋白质和脂肪的比例与小儿的正常需要量相差很大。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1548","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":2165,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512451476462,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512451476462,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8722","isDel":0,"createAt":1512441081980,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"先天性动脉导管未闭的饮食","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">先天性动脉导管未闭的饮食</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512441882868.jpg\" title=\"先天性动脉导管未闭的饮食\" alt=\"先天性动脉导管未闭的饮食\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1.严格控制盐的摄入，盐的主要成分是钠和氯，而钠在人体内具有“水化”组织的作用，体内的钠和氯大部分都是从尿中排出的。而血液中钠离子浓度过高会引起体内大量水分的潴留，造成患儿全身水肿、肝脏肿大、增加心脏的负担，严重的还会导致心力衰竭。同时，饮食过咸也是造成高血压的重要原因之一。所以先天性心脏病手术后的患儿的饮食一定要偏淡些，腌腊制品、咸蛋、咸鱼等含盐量过高的食品尽量不要食用。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2.不宜多吃巧克力等甜食。心脏手术之后，当小儿不愿意吃饭时，不少家长喜欢塞巧克力给小儿吃，以为这样可以保证营养。巧克力的主要成分是脂肪和糖，热量很高，但所含的蛋白质和脂肪的比例与小儿的正常需要量相差很大。多吃巧克力易造成小儿消化不良、大便秘结、食欲减退。同时巧克力含有咖啡因等成分，食用过多不仅会使小儿过度兴奋、影响休息，而且对小儿的大脑发育带来一定的不良影响。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3.不宜多吃罐装饮料和冷饮。目前市场上出售的罐装饮料品种繁多，不少饮料的成分主要是糖或糖精、香料、色素和水，营养却常不足。冷饮也是孩子们都喜欢吃的，但大手术后患儿的消化器官尚处于恢复调整阶段，这时患儿的消化功能往往较弱。过冷的食物进入胃内会刺激胃粘膜血管收缩、胃液分泌减少，影响食物在胃肠道内的消化过程;同时也会减弱消化道的杀菌能力，导致胃肠道发生感染性疾病。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4.不宜盲目进补。有些家长认为人参有滋补作用，于是给术后的孩子喝参汤。人参确有强心壮体、补气生津的功能，但不同的人参具有不同的性能，服用不当反会引起胃口减退、鼻子出血、烦躁不安等症状。另有一些补品对生长发育期间的孩子并不适宜。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1548","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1333,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512441081982,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512441081982,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8721","isDel":0,"createAt":1512440933072,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"动脉导管未闭患者的饮食禁忌","content":"<p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">动脉导管未闭患者的饮食禁忌？</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512441773438.jpeg\" title=\"动脉导管未闭患者的饮食禁忌\" alt=\"动脉导管未闭患者的饮食禁忌\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、多食含硫的食物，如芦笋、鸡蛋、大蒜、洋葱。因为骨骼、软骨和结缔组织的修补与重建都要以硫为原料，同时硫也有助于钙的吸收。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、多食含组氨酸的食物，如稻米、小麦和黑麦。组氨酸有利于清除机体过剩的金属。多食用富含胡萝卜素，黄酮类，维生素C和E以及含硫化合物的食物。也可多食含硫食物如大蒜、洋葱、芽甘蓝及卷心菜。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3、经常吃新鲜的菠萝，可减少患部的感染。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4、保证每天都吃一些富含维生素的食物，如亚麻籽、稻米麸、燕麦麸等。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1548","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1499,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512440933074,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512440933074,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8717","isDel":0,"createAt":1512440224823,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"动脉导管未闭患者吃什么水果","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">动脉导管未闭患者吃什么水果，新生儿在出生后有导致动脉导管没有闭合的可能性，容易导致上呼吸道感染，多吃一些水果有助于病情恢复，</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">找良医网为您详细介绍</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">动脉导管未闭患者吃什么水果呢</span>?</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">动脉导管未闭患者可已经常吃以下水果：</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512440315673.jpg\" title=\"动脉导管未闭患者吃什么水果\" alt=\"动脉导管未闭患者吃什么水果\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、石榴：软化血管。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、杏仁：食用杏仁对心脏有保护作用。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3、枣：辅助治疗动脉导管未闭。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4、核桃：生吃核桃与桂圆肉、山渣，能改善心脏功能。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">5、木瓜：含十七种以上氨基酸及多种营养元素，能软化血管。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512440403750.jpg\" title=\"动脉导管未闭患者吃什么水果\" alt=\"动脉导管未闭患者吃什么水果\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">6、苹果：每天食300g，血液中胆固醇水平即可下降，血管也不会硬化。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">7、柑橘：在水果中，柑橘含抗氧化成分最高，可预防血栓形成。经常食用，可预防动脉导管未闭。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">8、草莓：富含维生素和果胶物质，防治动脉导管未闭，对高血压有一定功效。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">9、西瓜：西瓜汁富含VA、B、C和蛋白质、葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖酶、谷氨酸、瓜氨酸、精氨酸、苹果酸、番茄色素、磷酸及钙、铁、粗纤维等，对动脉导管未闭有很好作用。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">10、柿子：柿叶含大量VC，具有降压、保护心血管作用。柿子中含维生素较一般水果高，对于心脏病、心梗、中风都大有益处。其含有一种酚类化合物，有预防动脉导管未闭。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512440767126.jpg\" title=\"动脉导管未闭患者吃什么水果\" alt=\"动脉导管未闭患者吃什么水果\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">11、猕猴桃：含十七种以上氨基酸、果胶、鞣酸、柠檬酸、黄酮类物质，含多种微量元素、维生素，尤其Vc和硒含量丰富，长期食用，可预防动脉导管未闭</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1548","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1358,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512440224825,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512440224825,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8716","isDel":0,"createAt":1512440020311,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"动脉导管未闭患者吃什么食物好呢","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">动脉导管未闭</span></strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">患者吃什么食物好呢，很多的患者家属都非常的想要知道答案，饮食要清淡平时多喝水，多吃水果，多吃蔬菜保，证大便通畅，现在来具体了解一下，能够让家属清晰的了解饮食原则。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512440562323.jpg\" title=\"动脉导管未闭患者吃什么食物好呢\" alt=\"动脉导管未闭患者吃什么食物好呢\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">均衡饮食，全面满足身体需要，维持正常生理功能，促进生长发育和健康。这不仅仅是动脉导管未闭人需要，想拥有健康身体正常人都应该均衡饮食，摄入食物像蔬菜、水果、五谷类、鱼肉</span>(瘦)、蛋、奶以及豆类等。用芹菜、草莽、西红柿等食物，可降低血压。动脉导管未闭患者宜多食山渣、金樱子、草萄果等水果。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">高胆固醇、油脂等食物选择不当或进食过量都会增加动脉导管未闭发病风险。肉类尽量用瘦肉部份，勿食肥肉、家禽皮以及动物性内脏。避免像油炸、油煎的食物，烹饪时最好采用植物油，比较健康。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">每天饮食量应该要平均适宜、亦或者采用少量多餐的进食方法，减轻身体负担。</span>“每餐七分饱,健康活到老”，也不是没有道理，吃七分饱就可以保证营养摄进，只要长期坚持，不仅有助控制体重，还有利于头脑保持清醒。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">饮食除了要注意合理安排之外，同时还要注意适当的营养，否则的话只会导致患者的体力以及精力更加的不振。希望朋友们多加注意。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1548","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1342,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512440020313,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512440020313,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8715","isDel":0,"createAt":1512439862027,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"哪几种食物能缓解动脉导管未闭","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">哪几种食物能缓解动脉导管未闭</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512439913231.jpg\" title=\"哪几种食物能缓解动脉导管未闭\" alt=\"哪几种食物能缓解动脉导管未闭\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">杏仁、花生等坚果富含对心脏有益的氨基酸和不饱和脂肪酸，能降低患动脉导管未闭的风险，薏苡仁：属于水溶性纤维的薏苡仁，可以加速肝排除胆固醇，保护心脏健康。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">黑芝麻含有不饱和脂肪酸和卵磷脂，能维持血管弹性，预防动脉导管未闭。黄豆含有多种人体必需的氨基酸，且多为不饱和脂肪酸，可促进体内脂肪和胆固醇代谢。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512440788498.jpg\" title=\"哪几种食物能缓解动脉导管未闭\" alt=\"哪几种食物能缓解动脉导管未闭\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">玉米油含不饱和脂肪酸、高达六成的亚麻油酸，是良好的胆固醇吸收剂</span>;玉米放在中药里则有利尿作用，并有帮助稳定血压的效果。该食品含有较多的维生素C和钠、钾、铁等，尤其钾含量最为丰富，每100克中含钾502毫克，是少有的高钾蔬菜。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">动脉导管未闭特别是心功能不全的患者，多伴有低钾倾向。常吃马铃薯，既可补钾，又可补糖、蛋白质及矿物质、维生素等。本品丰富的叶酸，能有效预防心血管疾病。此外，菠菜中的铁以及微量元素，还可起到补血之作用。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512440475828.jpg\" title=\"哪几种食物能缓解动脉导管未闭\" alt=\"哪几种食物能缓解动脉导管未闭\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">5、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">芹菜所含的芹菜碱，可以保护心血管功能。吃芹菜要吃叶子，因为叶子才是营养精华所在。叶子的维生素</span>C比茎高，且富含植物性营养素、营养价值高。芹菜也是富含纤维素的食物。最新研究结果显示，多吃富含纤维素的食物能够降低动脉导管未闭发作的危险性。大并压迫肺动脉，损伤喉返神经或出现瘤破裂。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1548","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1305,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512439862029,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512439862029,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"6666","isDel":0,"createAt":1509519415545,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":1524294240962,"updateBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"良药苦口","userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"专家向您解答  动脉导管未闭的饮食","content":"<p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">我们如果出现疾病的困扰，最大的恢复因素就是饮食，在合理的饮食和有效的运动中，很容易就让人康复，本文中，找良医网为大家解答</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">动脉导管未闭的饮食</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">是什么，一起来看一下吧！</span></p><p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1509520133372.jpg\" title=\"专家向您解答  动脉导管未闭的饮食\" alt=\"专家向您解答  动脉导管未闭的饮食\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">1、术后患儿饮食应营养均衡</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">很多家长认为动脉导管未闭患儿在进行手术进补可以加快康复速度，所以给孩子吃很一些营养价值很高的食物，如人参、燕窝等。这些食物虽然营养价值很高，但并不适合刚进行过大手术的患儿。原因是动脉导管未闭患儿在术后消化器官尚处于恢复调整阶段，这时患儿的消化功能往往较弱，不仅难以消化吸收这些补品，这些补品还会加重胃肠道的负担，进一步损害消化吸收功能。因此在动脉导管未闭患儿术后饮食上应搭配合理，即能保证患儿身体恢复所需，也不损害胃肠功能。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">2、控制患儿盐的摄入量</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">盐的主要成分是钠和氯，摄入过多的盐会使血液中钠离子浓度过高导致体内大量水分的潴留，这会增加动脉导管未闭患儿的心脏负担，严重的还会导致心力衰竭。同时，饮食过咸也会导致患儿血压升高，这也会损害心脏功能。所以动脉导管未闭患儿手术后的饮食要偏淡些，腌腊制品、咸蛋、咸鱼等含盐量过高的食品尽量不要食用。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">3、少让患儿吃甜食</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">动脉导管未闭患儿在手术后由于麻醉及使用其他药物的原因，术后一两天往往食欲不佳，有些家长怕孩子饿着，就给孩子吃一些如巧克力之类的含糖量很高的东西，这些东西虽然可提供很多热量，但所含的蛋白质和脂肪的比例与小儿的正常需要量相差很大。多吃巧克力易造成小儿消化不良、大便秘结、食欲减退。同时巧克力含有咖啡因等成分，食用过多不仅会使小儿过度兴奋、影响休息，而且对小儿的大脑发育带来一定的不良影响。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span><br/></p>","barId":"1548","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1449,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1509519415546,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1509519415546,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"6280","isDel":0,"createAt":1508823487245,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":1519894609849,"updateBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"梅油油","userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"动脉导管未闭预防保健","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">找良医网向您详细介绍动脉导管未闭饮食保健，动脉导管未闭的食疗方。得了<strong>动脉导管未闭吃什么好</strong>？</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1519894770209.jpg\" title=\"动脉导管未闭预防保健\" alt=\"动脉导管未闭预防保健\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\">1.严格控制盐的摄入，盐的主要成分是钠和氯，而钠在人体内具有“水化”组织的作用，体内的钠和氯大部分都是从尿中排出的。而血液中钠离子浓度过高会引起体内大量水分的潴留，造成患儿全身水肿、肝脏肿大、增加心脏的负担，严重的还会导致心力衰竭。同时，饮食过咸也是造成高血压的重要原因之一。所以先天性心脏病手术后的患儿的饮食一定要偏淡些，腌腊制品、咸蛋、咸鱼等含盐量过高的食品尽量不要食用。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\">2.不宜多吃巧克力等甜食。心脏手术之后，当小儿不愿意吃饭时，不少家长喜欢塞巧克力给小儿吃，以为这样可以保证营养。巧克力的主要成分是脂肪和糖，热量很高，但所含的蛋白质和脂肪的比例与小儿的正常需要量相差很大。多吃巧克力易造成小儿消化不良、大便秘结、食欲减退。同时巧克力含有咖啡因等成分，食用过多不仅会使小儿过度兴奋、影响休息，而且对小儿的大脑发育带来一定的不良影响。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\">3.不宜多吃罐装饮料和冷饮。目前市场上出售的罐装饮料品种繁多，不少饮料的成分主要是糖或糖精、香料、色素和水，营养却常不足。冷饮也是孩子们都喜欢吃的，但大手术后患儿的消化器官尚处于恢复调整阶段，这时患儿的消化功能往往较弱。过冷的食物进入胃内会刺激胃粘膜血管收缩、胃液分泌减少，影响食物在胃肠道内的消化过程；同时也会减弱消化道的杀菌能力，导致胃肠道发生感染性疾病。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\">4.不宜盲目进补。有些家长认为人参有滋补作用，于是给术后的孩子喝参汤。人参确有强心壮体、补气生津的功能，但不同的人参具有不同的性能，服用不当反会引起胃口减退、鼻子出血、烦躁不安等症状。另有一些补品对生长发育期间的孩子并不适宜。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">最好的术后</span>“补品”乃是天然食物。家长只要按着上述的几项原则，在孩子每天的饮食中注意荤素搭配、粗细均衡，在烹调时注意防止营养素的丧失和破坏，确保一日三餐吃饱、吃好，孩子一定会尽快恢复体力的。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1548","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1339,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1508823487247,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1508823487247,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"type3":[{"id":"13519","isDel":0,"createAt":1523155286228,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"不穿病号服好得更快","content":"<p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">【不穿病号服好得更快】英国首席护理执行官简</span>·卡宁斯教授及其团队的最新研究发现，睡衣和病号服会对病人的康复过程产生负面影响。卡宁斯教授认为，身穿病号服卧床休息会增加病人（尤其是老年患者）的“疾病缠身感”，而让病人穿上日常服饰，有助于将“我生病了”的心态转变为“我正在好转”。不过，穿类似病号服的睡衣，是不是就另当别论了。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0px; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1523156122985.jpg\" title=\"不穿病号服好得更快\" alt=\"不穿病号服好得更快\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/>&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0px;\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">对此有网友表示：</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">拎着自己飞</span>xx：我前两天去医院人家说的是修养服！</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">HoNorIfiCabiliTudiNita__：天天净研究些没用的</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">oldsimpleman：穿病员服是为了抢救的时候脱衣服快！</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">分手后习惯了一个人孤单：心病最难医</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1548","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1470,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1523155286229,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1523155286229,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"12916","isDel":0,"createAt":1520408410191,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"9个月的女儿动脉导管未闭还是没有自愈   那么还有机会愈合吗","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">9</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">个月的女儿<strong>动脉导管未闭还是没有完全自愈</strong>，还有机会愈合吗，小宝宝长的很好，有</span>2</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">0</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">斤以上，</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">71</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">公分了，出生到现在从没有感冒过</span>.我的宝宝看起来非常的健康，怎么就会愈合不了呢，我特别难过。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1520409068144.jpg\" title=\"9个月的女儿动脉导管未闭还是没有自愈   那么还有机会愈合吗\" alt=\"9个月的女儿动脉导管未闭还是没有自愈   那么还有机会愈合吗\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">怀孕的时候我常玩手机，有时候也玩电脑，但那个时候经常和老公生气，现在我在想可能就是这些让我的宝宝得了心脏病，我特别后悔，非常揪心，怎么让这种事情发生在我宝宝身上，我宁愿是发生在我身上</span>.如果早知道这样我手机电脑一定碰都不碰一下，老公在我怀孕的时候每天晚上都是十一二点以后才回来.也不爱和我出去逛街，等宝宝出生以后发现我竟发现金首饰不见了，我发现是被老公拿去赌了，特别心灰意冷啊！！！</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">瑞叶我爱你</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">：加油啊</span>!别灰心</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">独自等待</span>2020 ：我女儿也是一样的，但现在快三个月了。每天担心。不过别急，我网上查了下，只是需要做个小手术，两三万就够了。希望我们的宝宝健康。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">随风</span>may ：加油！</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">铜锣湾大佬</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">：我女儿也是动脉导管未闭合，现在一岁了。想去比较权威的医院再去做一下检查。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\">　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">minmin0777：先心病和你玩手机是没有多大关系，不用自责。多数还是胚胎发育的问题。可以再适当的观察一下，实在自己长不好。找好的医院看看能不能手术矫正。儿童心胸外科方面，儿童医疗中心，北京儿童都可以。心脏手术和麻醉科都比较强大。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1548","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1527,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1520408410193,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1520408410193,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"9431","isDel":0,"createAt":1513561170967,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"女医生被患者砍伤 伤医者已被控制","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height:200%\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1513561423490.jpg\" title=\"女医生被患者砍伤 伤医者已被控制\" alt=\"女医生被患者砍伤 伤医者已被控制\" width=\"600\" height=\"371\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp; &nbsp;12</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">月</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%\">17</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">日上午，宜宾市第二人民医院一名女医生被患者砍伤。该医院的一位值班医生告诉北京青年报记者，受伤医生是心血管内科一名规范培训期的女医生，年纪不大，在</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%\">25</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">岁左右。受伤医生并非嫌疑人的主治医生，上午在正常上班，突然被一位结账的患者砍伤后脑勺，伤口有</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%\">10</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">厘米左右。</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;<img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1513561441393.jpg\" title=\"女医生被患者砍伤 伤医者已被控制\" alt=\"女医生被患者砍伤 伤医者已被控制\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">记者从宜宾市第二人民医院办公室贾主任处获悉，确有“女医生被患者砍伤”一事，目前受伤医生病情比较稳定。医院尚在调查事发的具体情况。翠屏区公安分局的工作人员称，在接警后，民警到现场控制了嫌疑人，刑警大队正在调查具体案情。</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;<img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1513562134943.jpg\" title=\"女医生被患者砍伤 伤医者已被控制\" alt=\"女医生被患者砍伤 伤医者已被控制\" width=\"600\" height=\"371\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">关于此事，相关网友表示如下：</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">南昌市手机网友：总有些人是渣！医生被砍，先不说事情是怎样的，行凶明显不对，却没有几个说对犯罪的惩罚，甚至评论区还有幸灾乐祸的；说让医院安检，有人就觉得自己不方便，安检你</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%\">m</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">；是啊，都活在自己的世界里，不尊重医生护士的人，那就希望你头疼脑热的自己在家治治就好嘞，别去麻烦别人了，因为别人也觉得你很麻烦！</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height:200%\">21095215</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">：你们觉得医生不行就别来医院看病，在家自己医，救命的行当被你们这些没文化的人说成是小学毕业就能做的服务行业</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height:200%\">aiotsuka30</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">：</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%\">18</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">岁考大学，</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%\">5+2</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">辛苦学了七年，</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%\">25</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">岁终于进了医院，还要轮岗规培，然后莫名其妙就被砍了。。。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">有态度网友</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%\">07g3Os</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">：只有经历过家人被不负责任的医生治死才能理解这种做法。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">路过观察者：害群之马该处理处理，正常的医患都需要保护</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1548","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1489,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1513561170969,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1513561170969,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"6279","isDel":0,"createAt":1508823005905,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"求助 关于动脉导管未闭术后未醒的问题","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">请问，</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">25岁先天性心脏病：动脉导管未闭患者，在气静复合麻醉下，行动脉导管修补术（体外循环），术后6天患者仍然没有清醒，中昏迷，疼痛刺激无反应，瞳孔等圆等大，直径约2.0mm，对光反射存在，四肢坠落试验阳性。是什么原因？是不是手术中出现意外，或者麻醉有问题，或者有什么其他导致脑部缺血缺氧的可能？</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1548","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1252,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1508823005907,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1508823005907,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"type2":[{"id":"8712","isDel":0,"createAt":1512438679530,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"动脉导管未闭最容易出现的症状有哪些","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">动脉导管未闭是一种常见的小儿心脏疾病，绝大多数的婴儿在出生后三个月内，动脉导管就会关闭，而一部分婴儿由于生理或者病理性的原因，导致动脉导管不能及时关闭，形成心脏疾病，那么，动脉导管未闭最容易出现的症状有哪些</span>?</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512439557906.jpg\" title=\"动脉导管未闭最容易出现的症状有哪些\" alt=\"动脉导管未闭最容易出现的症状有哪些\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、动脉导管未闭、症状动脉导管细小者临床上可无症状，导管粗大者可有咳嗽、气急、喂养困难及生长发育落后等。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、体征胸骨左缘上方有一连续性“机器”样杂音，占整个收缩期与舒张期，于收缩末期最响，杂音向左锁骨下、颈部和背部传导、当肺血管阻力增高时，杂音的舒张期成分可能减弱或消失。分流量大者因相对性二尖瓣下而在先尖部可闻及较短的舒张期杂音。肺动脉瓣区第二音增强，婴幼儿期因肺动脉压力较高，主、肺动脉压力差在舒张期不显着，因而往往仅听到收缩期杂音，当合并肺动脉高压或心力衰竭时，多仅有收缩期杂音，由于舒张压降低，脉压差增宽，并可出现周围血管体征，如水冲脉、指甲床毛细血管搏动等。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3、产儿动脉导管未闭时，出现周围动脉搏动宏大，锁骨下或肩胛间闻及收缩期杂音(偶闻及连续性杂音)心前区搏动明显，肝脏增大，其促，并易发生呼吸衰竭而依赖机械辅助通气。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1548","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1306,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512438679533,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512438679533,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8711","isDel":0,"createAt":1512438550112,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"不要放过动脉导管未闭的各种症状","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">动脉导管未闭是临床较常见的婴儿先天性心脏病之一，女性多于男性。动脉导管是在主动脉弓降部与肺动脉之间相连的管道，为胎儿循环的重要通路。小儿出生后，动脉导管即在功能上关闭，绝大多数婴儿生后</span>3个月左右在解剖上逐渐闭合成为动脉韧带，如未能闭合，则存留一个主动脉与肺动脉之间的通道，称动脉导管未闭。占先天性心脏病的5%-10%。连续性机器样杂音是其典型体征。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512438789204.jpg\" title=\"不要放过动脉导管未闭的各种症状\" alt=\"不要放过动脉导管未闭的各种症状\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">动脉导管未闭的临床表现主要取决于主动脉至肺动脉分流血量的多少以及是否产生继发肺动脉高压和其程度。轻者可无明显症状，重者可发生心力衰竭。常见的症状有劳累后心悸、气急、乏力，易患呼吸道感染和生长发育迟缓。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">患先天性心脏病的婴儿导管细者，可无明显症状，往往在体检时才发现。导管粗者，婴儿期即有喂养困难、呼吸急促、流汗多、苍白，易患肺炎及心力衰竭，生长发育落后。导管中至大者运动时有呼吸困难，平日易疲乏，反复发作呼吸道感染或伴有心力衰竭，或并发细菌性心内膜炎时，有全身感染症状，如发热、胸痛及周围血管栓塞症状。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">体征：心尖搏动弥散，胸骨左缘第</span>1—2肋间有收缩期震颤。第一心音正常，第二心音宽分裂，肺动脉瓣第二音亢进，胸骨左缘第1一2肋间偏外侧可闻Ⅲ一V／Ⅵ级连续性机器样杂音，收缩期较舒张期响亮，向左侧颈部传导。心尖部有舒张中期杂音提示分流量大。分流量大者可有发育障碍。一般多有脉压增宽、舒张压降低、水冲脉、毛细血管征及枪击音等周围血管征。心脏可中度扩大，以左室为主，于胸骨左缘1～2肋间可扪及收缩期震颤，有时可伸展至舒张期，并闻及连续性机器样双期杂音，分流量大者在心尖部可闻舒张期流量性杂音。肺动脉高压者可仅闻收缩期杂音，严重者可出现青紫，而杂音多不明显或根本听不到。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">婴儿先天性心脏病动脉导管未闭婴儿随着心脏病变加剧，肺动脉压力将增高。上述舒张中期杂音消失，继而胸骨左缘第二肋间职期杂音消失，收缩期杂音消失，肺动脉瓣第二心音逐渐亢进，并出现肺动脉喷射音。此外，伴有周围血管征象，脉压增大、水冲脉、股动睁击音、毛细血管搏动。严重肺动脉高压患者，出现差异性发绀，即下肢和左上肢发绀症状明显而右上肢较轻。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1548","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1313,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512438550119,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512438550119,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8710","isDel":0,"createAt":1512438377661,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"动脉导管未闭   会出现什么症状","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">动脉导管未闭，会出现什么症状</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512439074511.jpg\" title=\"动脉导管未闭   会出现什么症状\" alt=\"动脉导管未闭   会出现什么症状\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　一、症状</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">分流量小，常无症状。分流量大量，由于主动脉压高于肺动脉压，故在全心动周期有持续的左至右分流，肺循环血流量增多，肺动脉及其分支扩大，回流到左心房及左心室的血流也相应增加，左心房、室舒张期负荷增加，升主动脉扩张。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">分流量的大小取决于未闭动脉导管腔的粗细及主</span>-肺动脉间的压力阶差。大量左至右分流，可引起肺动脉高压，晚期，若已有阻塞性肺动脉高压，肺动脉压接近或超过主动脉压，则分流减少，停止或出现右至左的分流，并出现右心室肥厚，紫绀和杵状指(趾)。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">因分流水平在降主动脉左锁骨下动脉的远侧，紫绀以下肢为明显，左到右分流在主动脉水平，主动脉舒张压降低，出现脉压增大等一系列周围血管体征。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">二、体征</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心尖搏动增强并向左下移位，心浊音界向左下扩大。胸骨左缘第</span>Ⅱ肋间偏外侧有响亮的连续性杂音。向左上颈背部传导。伴有收缩期或连续性细震颤。出现肺动脉高压后，可能仅听到收缩期杂音。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">肺动脉第二音亢进及分裂，肺动脉瓣可有相对性关闭不全的舒张期杂音。分流量较大时，由于通过二尖瓣口血流增多。增速，心尖部有短促的舒张中期杂音。可有周围血管体征，包括：颈动脉搏动增强，脉压加大，水冲脉，毛细血管搏动。枪击音和杜氏征等。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1548","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1480,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512438377666,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512438377666,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8708","isDel":0,"createAt":1512438062834,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"动脉导管未闭有何症状和表现","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512438832417.jpg\" title=\"动脉导管未闭有何症状和表现\" alt=\"动脉导管未闭有何症状和表现\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">动脉导管未闭的症状和表现取决于动脉导管的直径以及动脉导管内的血流量大小。宝宝出生后，主动脉内的血压和血管阻力都高于肺动脉，因此动脉导管会将主动脉内的部分血流导入到肺动脉内，这样肺部的血流量额外增加了一部分，这部分血流量也会再次通过心室泵入主动脉，心室的负担也加重了。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">早产宝宝的肺尚未完全发育成熟，在此基础上，如果发生动脉导管未闭，宝宝就可能出现心脏衰竭的表现并且有可能需要呼吸机的支持。新生儿出现呼吸急促，呼吸用力，呼吸道感染频繁，发育不良等情况时，应当考虑到是由于动脉导管未闭引起的。然而，如果动脉导管的直径较小，可能没有任何外在的症状，而仅仅通过医生检查身体时听到的心脏杂音而被发现。</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">即便没有任何症状，流经动脉导管内的血流湍流也会使心脏内发生细菌感染的机会增加，这种严重的细菌感染性疾病就是感染性心内膜炎。</span></span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1548","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1260,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512438062840,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512438062840,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"6276","isDel":0,"createAt":1508822318960,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":1519894489654,"updateBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"梅油油","userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"动脉导管未闭 早产儿更常见","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">什么是婴儿的动脉导管未闭？在宝宝出生前与出生后，这一症状会有怎样的变化？针对于此，</span></span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">动脉导管未闭</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">会相应的出现哪些症状</span></span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">？如何诊断，以及治疗呢？找良医网在文章里都将为您一一介绍。需要指出的是，如果这类情况没有被冶愈，极有可能引发婴儿心脏方面的问题。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1519895006057.jpg\" title=\"动脉导管未闭 早产儿更常见\" alt=\"动脉导管未闭 早产儿更常见\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">动脉导管未闭（</span>DA），是指正常连接血管的两大主要动脉－主动脉和肺动脉，将血液带离发育中的胎儿心脏。动脉导管未闭（DA）将血液从肺部带离，直接流向全身。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">当胎儿尚处于母体羊水时，肺部是不工作的，因为胎儿将直接通过胎盘从母体吸收氧气。当新生儿开始使用肺部呼吸时，就不再需要</span>DA，通常它会在婴儿出生后两天自动闭合。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">但是，当</span>DA不曾闭合，将会引发一种“开放式”的动脉导管未闭（PDA），将主动脉富含氧份的血液与肺动脉的缺氧血液相混合，其结果导致更多的血液流向肺部，从而形成对婴儿的肺动脉压力，包括心脏和血压升高。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\">PDA的病因尚不确切知晓，但基因可能发挥了作用。这类病症在早产儿身上更为常见，并且影响女宝宝高于男宝宝两倍的数量。同时，它也常发生于新生儿呼吸窘迫症、有遗传疾病的婴儿（如唐氏综合症）、以及妈妈在妊娠期患德国麻疹生出的婴儿。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">绝大多数患</span>PDA的婴儿，心脏状况正常。一些PDA患儿会在生命最初几天里，该症状自行闭合；也有的宝宝会成长到一岁的阶段，才能完全闭合。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">患有</span>PDA的早产儿，更容易保持开放的状态，尤其对于有肺部疾病的宝宝。当这类情况发生时，有可能需要配合治疗，使之闭合。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">当婴儿出生时患有心脏缺陷，降低血液从心脏流向肺部，或者减少了富含氧份的血液流向全身时，</span>PDA很可能反而有益，医生会配合相关药物，保持动脉导管的开放。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1548","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1519,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1508822318962,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1508822318962,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"5655","isDel":0,"createAt":1504239829971,"createBy":"a2b3a9ba8d2111e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"张小云","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"a2b3a9ba8d2111e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"动脉导管未闭是不是一定要手术治疗","content":"<p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">小儿<strong>动脉导管未闭</strong>治疗时间选择：如果是单纯的<strong>动脉导管未闭</strong>，应尽早手术。如果<strong>动脉导管未</strong><strong>闭</strong>合并其他先天性心脏病，同时手术。<strong>动脉导管未闭</strong>早期手术可以降低感染性心内膜炎以及肺动脉高压的风险。如诊断明确，除外禁忌证，原则上都应手术治疗。手术适宜的年龄是</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">4～5岁。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 37px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1504240352060.jpg\" title=\"动脉导管未闭是不是一定要手术治疗\" alt=\"动脉导管未闭是不是一定要手术治疗\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\"/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">小儿动脉导管未闭治疗手术一般采用左胸外侧切口，结扎或切断缝合，因为不用体外循环，在心脏不停跳下完成手术，所以并发症少，恢复亦快。一些因粗大动脉导管而致的反复肺炎，严重心衰患儿，小儿动脉导管未闭治疗手术术后很快得以控制，而挽救了生命。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">小儿动脉导管未闭治疗手术目的：为防止心内膜炎，有效治疗和控制心功能不全和肺动脉高压，不同年龄、不同大小的动脉导管均应手术或经介入方法予以关闭。早产儿动脉导管未闭的处理视分流大小、呼吸窘迫综合征情况而定。症状明显者，需抗心力衰竭治疗，生后一周内使用消炎痛治疗，仍有</span>10％的病人需施行新生儿动脉导管未闭治疗手术进行治疗。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">但在有些先天性心脏病病例中，如完全性大血管转位、肺动脉闭锁、三尖瓣闭锁，严重的肺动脉狭窄中，动脉导管为依赖性者，对维持患影生命至关重要，此时应该应用前列腺素</span>E2以维持动脉导管开放。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 37px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1504240535099.jpg\" title=\"动脉导管未闭是不是一定要手术治疗\" alt=\"动脉导管未闭是不是一定要手术治疗\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\"/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">小儿动脉导管未闭手术治疗：</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\">1、近年国内外的心脏外科已开展了先天性心脏病微创手术方法治疗动脉导管未闭，一般适用于稍大的儿童病例。运用先天性心脏病微创手术进行动脉导管未闭治疗，创伤小而且可获得满意的效果。患儿无论接受哪能种根治性疗法，动脉导管一旦关闭，患儿就会成为一个健康的孩子，要以和正常儿童一样学习并参加各种丰富多彩的法动，并长大成人。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\">2、凡是动脉导管未闭患儿均应施行手术进行动脉导管未闭治疗，也就是通过手术结扎或切断未闭的动脉导管，以达到根治的目的。手术的最佳年龄为4-5岁。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">小儿动脉导管未闭手术适应症：大部分先天性心脏病动脉导管未闭的患者均可以进行动脉导管结扎术，除已经发生了严重肺动脉高压（艾森曼格氏综合征）的病人。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">小儿动脉导管未闭手术禁忌症：病人已经发生了下半身紫绀或全身性紫绀，说明病人已经存在严重的肺动脉高压，此时未闭的动脉导管已经成为了病人的生命安全阀，如果将未闭的动脉导管结扎，将使病人立即发生右心功能衰竭而死亡；有的病人如果动脉导管呈瘤样改变，也不可用结扎的方法治疗，术中易发生无法处理的大出血。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 37px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1504240191907.jpg\" title=\"动脉导管未闭是不是一定要手术治疗\" alt=\"动脉导管未闭是不是一定要手术治疗\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\"/></span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">小儿动脉导管未闭手术的效果：一般的动脉导管行结扎术后，病人的心功能恢复良好，肺动脉压力也可以部分减低，其活动能力和生活质量均会有明显提高。完全可以正常生活与工作。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　术后应注意</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\">1、术后3个月内避免患儿剧烈活动，预防封堵器移位或脱落。　</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\">2、指导家长给予患儿合理饮食，保证充足营养。　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\">3、预防感冒，出现感冒发热应及时治疗。　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\">4、出院后听医生嘱咐按时复查心电图。</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1548","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1390,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1504239829973,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1504239829973,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"3871","isDel":0,"createAt":1488799600672,"createBy":"9238d37e020b11e7a61c00163e04584d","createName":"良医资讯","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"9238d37e020b11e7a61c00163e04584d","title":"动脉导管未闭相关症状及表现","content":"<p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">小儿动脉导管未闭（</span>PDA）是动脉导管在出生后未闭合而持续开放的病理状态。在胎儿循环时，胎儿时期肺动脉的大部分血流经开放的动脉导管流至降主动脉。出生后呼吸建立，动脉血氧升高，使动脉导管收缩，又因肺动脉压力下降，体循环压力加大，因而使通过动脉导管的血量显著减少反有少量左向右分流，至出生后数小时至数天，导管在功能上先闭合。再经1～2个月时，绝大部分婴儿在解剖学上也已闭合。如此时导管继续开放，并出现左向右的分流，即构成本病。导管的大小和形态各不相同，直径多为0.1～1.0cm，长0.7～1.0cm。形态呈漏斗状、管状、窗状或动脉瘤状。病因</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">动脉导管是胎儿循环中不可缺少的部分。婴儿出生后随着第</span>1次呼吸的建立，血氧浓度急剧上升，可使动脉导管壁肌肉发生收缩而关闭。一般在生后第1天动脉导管大多已呈功能性关闭，但在7～10天内可由于缺氧等原因而重新开放。解剖上的闭塞则常需在1岁左右方能完成。组织学上的变化是先由内皮细胞形成的血管内膜垫突向动脉导管腔，然后内膜下层出血和坏死，结缔组织增生，瘢痕形成，最终导致动脉导管腔永久闭塞，而形成一条索带状的残余。若动脉导管持续开放，构成主动脉和肺动脉间不应有的通道，即称动脉导管未闭（PDA）。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">临床表现</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">患者女多于男，比例为</span>2～3:1，临床症状的轻重与导管粗细有关。大多数的病例导管较细，症状很轻或无症状，在健康检查时方被发现。重症病例常有呼吸急促、心悸，易有呼吸道感染，甚至早年即发生心力衰竭，体循环血量减少则引起发育迟缓。临床无发绀，但若合并肺动脉高压，可以出现差异性发绀。偶因扩张的肺动脉压迫喉返神经而引起声音嘶哑。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">检查</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;font-size:19px\">1.心脏检查</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">响亮的机器样连续性杂音为本病特点。杂音贯穿收缩期及舒张期，在胸骨左缘第二肋间最为明显，向左第一肋间及锁骨下传导。收缩期杂音可布满全心前，并传至颈部及背部肩胛间区。在杂音最响处可扪及收缩期或收缩、舒张两期性的震颤。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;font-size:19px\">2.末梢血管征</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">脉压增高为本病临床诊断重要依据之一。收缩压多正常，而舒张压很低，因而脉压增大一般＞</span>40mmHg。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;font-size:19px\">3.X线检查</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">导管细小时胸片正常，最常出现的是心脏轻度扩大，以左室增大为主。左心房有时也可增大，肺动脉段膨隆。分流量大的病例肺门阴影扩大，透视下可见搏动（肺门</span>“舞蹈征”），肺野充血。升主动脉及主动脉弓影增宽而显著，搏动明显增强，导管区的主动脉有时呈漏斗状突起。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;font-size:19px\">4.心电图检查</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">大部分患者心电图正常，分流量较大的有左心室肥大、电轴左偏。若心电图呈双心室肥大或右心室肥大，说明肺动脉压力已增高。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;font-size:19px\">5.超声心动图检查</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">超声心动图检查基本可以明确诊断，一般左心房和心室有不同程度的增大。二维超声心动图可以显示到未闭合的动脉导管。脉冲或连续多普勒在动脉导管开口处也可探测到典型的收缩期与舒张期连续性湍流频谱。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;font-size:19px\">6.心导管检查</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">如果临床杂音不典型，或疑合并其他畸形时，应做右心导管检查。心导管检查可以进一步明确分流的部位，是否有肺动脉高压以及导管可以自肺动脉进入降主动脉。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;font-size:19px\">7.心血管造影</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">在诊断困难的病例，尤其是发生肺动脉高压者，血氧改变不明显时，或与高位室间隔缺损鉴别困难时，可考虑心血管造影。若将导管自上臂动脉或股动脉插入主动脉弓降部，注射造影剂，并可直接看到有动脉导管存在，其大小、长度及形态均可显现。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">诊断</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">根据临床表现，特别是杂音的特点，周围毛细血管征以及</span>X射线，心电图和超声心动图的特点，对典型病例不难做出诊断。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">治疗</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">年龄小，动脉导管比较细小、不影响生长发育者可以观察。有症状者、比较粗大者均应治疗。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">目前采用最常用的方法是经心导管的动脉导管未闭封堵术，用心导管将特殊装置送到动脉导管部位堵塞导管，效果可靠，手术恢复时间短，不留瘢痕，基本取代了开胸的手术结扎。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">有一些过于粗大的或早产儿的动脉导管未闭，还是采用外科手术将导管结扎或切断。合并亚急性细菌性动脉内膜炎者，在感染控制</span>3个月后，即可施行经心导管介入或手术治疗。若感染无法控制，手术结扎或切断动脉导管，然后应用抗生素，可视为治疗细菌性动脉内膜炎方法之一。并发肺动脉高压时，只要分流仍是由左向右，即肺动脉压力仍低于主动脉，手术后肺动脉压力尚有可能降至正常。一般手术效果良好，杂音消失，心脏缩小，肺充血改善，生长发育良好。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">手术的主要禁忌证是有其他畸形存在，而动脉导管起代偿作用，如合并法洛四联症或严重肺动脉狭窄或主动脉中断等，则动脉导管不应结扎。如并发严重肺动脉高压而引起右向左分流时，禁忌手术。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">此外，可应用消炎痛口服治疗早产儿动脉导管未闭合并呼吸窘迫综合征和严重充血性心力衰竭，导致动脉导管关闭，从而解除症状，免除了外科结扎手术。</span></span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1548","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1753,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1488799600677,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1488799600672,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"metaSearch":{"description":"为您提供:动脉导管未闭严重吗、动脉导管未闭手术、动脉导管未闭的症状、病友的治疗经验等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"动脉导管未闭严重吗_动脉导管未闭手术_动脉导管未闭的症状","title":"动脉导管未闭严重吗_动脉导管未闭手术_动脉导管未闭的症状","channels":{"病友社区":{"description":"为病友提供:动脉导管未闭论坛_动脉导管未闭病友交流平台，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"动脉导管未闭论坛_动脉导管未闭病友交流平台","title":"动脉导管未闭论坛_动脉导管未闭病友交流平台","channels":null},"治疗":{"description":"为您提供:动脉导管未闭的治疗_动脉导管未闭如何治疗等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"动脉导管未闭的治疗_动脉导管未闭如何治疗","title":"动脉导管未闭的治疗_动脉导管未闭如何治疗","channels":null},"症状":{"description":"为您提供:婴儿动脉导管未闭症状_动脉导管未闭发病症状等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"婴儿动脉导管未闭症状_动脉导管未闭发病症状","title":"婴儿动脉导管未闭症状_动脉导管未闭发病症状","channels":null},"并发症":{"description":"为您提供:动脉导管未闭手术后遗症_动脉导管未闭术后复发等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"动脉导管未闭手术后遗症_动脉导管未闭术后复发","title":"动脉导管未闭手术后遗症_动脉导管未闭术后复发","channels":null},"饮食":{"description":"为您提供:动脉导管未闭吃什么好_动脉导管未闭禁忌食物等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"动脉导管未闭吃什么好_动脉导管未闭禁忌食物","title":"动脉导管未闭吃什么好_动脉导管未闭禁忌食物","channels":null},"病因":{"description":"为您提供:动脉导管未闭怎么引起的_婴儿动脉导管未闭原因等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"动脉导管未闭怎么引起的_婴儿动脉导管未闭原因","title":"动脉导管未闭怎么引起的_婴儿动脉导管未闭原因","channels":null},"病友求助":{"description":"为您提供:动脉导管未闭严重吗_新生儿动脉导管未闭有什么症状等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"动脉导管未闭严重吗_新生儿动脉导管未闭有什么症状","title":"2mm动脉导管未闭自愈率_新生儿动脉导管未闭有什么症状","channels":null},"预防":{"description":"为您提供:动脉导管未闭日常_怎么预防动脉导管未闭等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"动脉导管未闭日常_怎么预防动脉导管未闭","title":"动脉导管未闭日常_怎么预防动脉导管未闭","channels":null}}},"focus":0,"type1":[{"id":"8709","isDel":0,"createAt":1512438240485,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"动脉导管未闭有可能自愈","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">动脉导管未闭属于比较多见的先天性心脏病之一，需要及早发现，及时就医，明确诊断，以决定适当的处理措施。那么，动脉导管未闭能自愈吗？</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512439106308.jpg\" title=\"动脉导管未闭有可能自愈\" alt=\"动脉导管未闭有可能自愈\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">动脉导管未闭有可能自愈，需要注意的是它的自愈率不仅与大小有关，而且与患儿出生状况有关，而且自愈发生可能性较大的时间明显比较短。要判断患儿的自愈可能，需在全面评估后，听取专家意见，确定进一步处理方案，而不应盲目等待，幻想奇迹出现，以免贻误治疗时机。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">对于足月产新生儿，在正常情况下，约</span>50%的动脉导管于出生后24小时自动闭合，90%于出生后48小时闭合，所有动脉导管均于72小时内闭合。如果出生1周后动脉导管仍然不闭合，则没有自动闭合的可能。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">对于早产儿，动脉导管自动闭合时间显着延长。通常，</span>60%的动脉导管于出生后3天内闭合，72%－75%于出生后3个月内闭合。虽然有人认为在2岁以内均存在自动闭合的可能，但通常认为出生3个月以后仍未闭合的动脉导管之后自动闭合的现象非常罕见。因此，如果早产儿出生3个月后动脉导管仍然没有自动闭合，也就需要考虑用手术或介入方法治疗了。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">动脉导管未闭是有可能自愈的，自愈的相关因素除了缺损大小外，也和患儿出生情况相关，自愈常发生的时间段比较短，应注意积极检查评估，而不是盲目拖延，若不能闭合的，也要把握住治疗时机。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1548","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1493,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512438240493,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512438240493,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"6664","isDel":0,"createAt":1509518998609,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":1524293911399,"updateBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"良药苦口","userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"专家向您解答  动脉导管未闭如何鉴别诊断","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">如果有动脉导管未闭的话，您知道如何鉴别和诊断吗？本文中，找良医网为您介绍的就是</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">动脉导管未闭如何鉴别诊断</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">，一起来学习一下吧：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1509519446917.jpg\" title=\"专家向您解答  动脉导管未闭如何鉴别诊断\" alt=\"专家向您解答  动脉导管未闭如何鉴别诊断\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/><br/><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">1、先天性主动脉-肺动脉间隔缺损为胎儿期主动脉隔发育不全，使主动脉-肺动脉间隔处留有缺损所致，其临床表现类似大的动脉导管未闭，鉴别诊断极为困难。连续性机器声样杂音更响，位置较低(低一肋间)可作为鉴别诊断的参考，但并不很可靠。比较可靠的鉴别诊断方法是右心导管检查时心导管由肺动脉进入主动脉的升部。逆行升主动脉造影见升主动脉与肺总动脉同时显影。二维超声心动图见肺总动脉和主动脉均增宽，其间有缺损沟通，也有助于诊断。如发生肺动脉显著高压出现右至左分流而有紫绀时，其上、下肢动脉的血氧含量相等，这点与动脉导管未闭也不相同。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">2、主动脉窦动脉瘤破入右心由先天性畸形、梅毒或感染性心内膜炎等原因所产生的主动脉窦部动脉瘤，可侵蚀并穿破至肺动脉、右心房或右心室，从而引起左至右的分流。其连续性机器声样杂音与动脉导管未闭极相类似，但位置较低一二肋间。本病多有突然发病的病史，如突然心悸、胸痛、胸闷或胸部不适、感觉左胸出现震颤等，随后有右心衰竭的表现，可助诊断。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">3、室上嵴上型心室间隔缺损伴有主动脉瓣关闭不全鉴别要点见本节&quot;心室间隔缺损&quot;。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">4、其它凡足以在左前胸部引起类似连续性机器声样杂音的情况，如冠状动静脉瘘、左上叶肺动静脉瘘、左前胸壁的动静脉瘘、左颈根部的颈静脉营营音等，也要注意鉴别。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span><br/></p>","barId":"1548","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1295,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1509518998611,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1509518998611,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"6663","isDel":0,"createAt":1509518810636,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":1524293412019,"updateBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"良药苦口","userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"专家向您推荐  动脉导管未闭的检查项目有哪些","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">在您了解了动脉导管未闭后，首先要知道的是，</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">动脉导管未闭的检查项目有哪些</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">？其实，主要的检查项目有：心电图、多普勒超声心动图、心血管造影等，详细的介绍在下文中，找良医网为您解答：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1509519649530.jpg\" title=\"专家向您推荐  动脉导管未闭的检查项目有哪些\" alt=\"专家向您推荐  动脉导管未闭的检查项目有哪些\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/><br/><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">一、</span>X-线：轻型可正常。分流量大者，肺血管影增多，肺动脉干凸起，搏动增强。左心房、左、右心室增大、主动脉扩张。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">二、心电图：中度分流者有左心室肥厚，较大分流者有左、右心室肥厚，左心房肥大。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">三、超声心动图：左心房、左心室增大，主动脉增宽，并可显示未闭动脉导管管径与长度。多普勒超声可于主、肺动脉远端测出收缩与舒张期湍流频谱。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">四、心导管检查：肺动脉平均血氧含量高于右心室</span>0.5%容积以上。肺动脉高压有不同程度增高，有时心导管可自肺动脉通过未闭动脉导管进入降主动脉。必要时作主动脉造影，可见主动脉与肺动脉同时显影，并能明确未闭导管位置、形态及大小。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><br/></p>","barId":"1548","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1274,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1509518810639,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1509518810639,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"6275","isDel":0,"createAt":1508821264355,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":1519894358455,"updateBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"梅油油","userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"动脉导管未闭的症状","content":"<p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\"></span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">动脉导管原本系胎儿时期肺动脉与主动脉间的正常血流通道，由于此时肺呼吸功能障碍，来自右心室的肺动脉血经导管进入降主动脉，而左心室的血液则进入升主动脉，故动脉导管为胚胎时期特殊循环方式所必需。出生后，肺膨胀并承担气体交换功能，肺循环和体循环各司其职，不久导管因废用即自选闭合。如持续不闭合而形成动脉导管未闭。应施行手术，中断其血流。动脉导管未闭是一种较常见的先天性心血管畸形，占先天性心脏病总数的</span>12%～15%,女性约两倍于男性。约10%的病例并存其他心血管畸形。那么</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">动脉导管未闭的症状</span></span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">有哪些？</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1519894439363.jpg\" title=\"动脉导管未闭的症状\" alt=\"动脉导管未闭的症状\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">动脉导管未闭的症状：一般导管细小，分流量小常无症状；早产儿合并较粗的动脉导管未闭多于出生后一周出现明显症状。足月产婴儿一般在</span>6-8周后，肺血管阻力下降，左向右分流加重，开始出现症状。分流量较大的PDA患儿，容易激惹，心动过速，呼吸急促，难于喂养。单纯的PDA患者在儿童时期得到代偿，很少有症状，只是发育欠佳，身材瘦小，容易感冒肺炎，而且不容易治愈。有些儿童出现活动后疲乏心悸。&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span><br/></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1548","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1125,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1508821264357,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1508821264357,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"5866","isDel":0,"createAt":1505472122469,"createBy":"f0450e6b8c6f11e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"用户张","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"f0450e6b8c6f11e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"动脉导管未闭的危害","content":"<p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\">据统计，88％的婴儿在出生后两个月内导管会闭合，98％在8个月内已闭合。如果在1周岁时<strong>动脉导管未闭</strong>，以后自行闭合的机会相对很小，即形成<strong>动脉导管未闭</strong>。那么，<strong>动脉导管未闭</strong>的危害是什么？</span><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 37px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1505472377854.jpg\" title=\"动脉导管未闭的危害\" alt=\"动脉导管未闭的危害\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\"/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\">1、影响新生儿的血流动力学，改变血液循环</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">主要症状表现取决于分流量大小，即主动脉至肺动脉分流血量的多少，以及是否产生继发肺动脉高压和它的程度。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">分流量小的单纯动脉导管未闭患儿一般无明显症状，随着病情发展患儿逐渐出现劳累后气促、心悸、乏力等，容易反复发生感冒、肺炎，生长发育迟缓。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\">2、引发新生儿缺氧发作</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">长期动脉导管未闭，可以引发肺小动脉反应性痉挛，最后形成肺动脉高压，当肺动脉压力高于主动脉压时，左向右分流明显减少或停止，产生肺动脉血流逆向分流入主动脉，患儿出现差异性紫绀，下半身清紫，右上肢正常。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 37px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1505472299415.jpg\" title=\"动脉导管未闭的危害\" alt=\"动脉导管未闭的危害\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\"/></span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\">3、导致心力衰竭</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">主动脉压力高于肺动脉压时，血液将从主动脉流向肺动脉，导致肺循环血量的急剧增加，进而造成回流到左心房和左心室的血量也增加，大大增加了左心室舒张期的负荷，从而造成左心房扩大，左心室肥厚，脉压因此升高，产生周围血管症，甚至发生心力衰竭而造成猝死。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">动脉导管未闭一般在一岁内会有自行闭合的可能，但是必须定期随访，随时掌握病情。部分患者病情严重，一出生就出现紫绀，此时必须立即进行外科手术治疗。</span></span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1548","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1597,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1505472122471,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1505472122471,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"5865","isDel":0,"createAt":1505471873116,"createBy":"f0450e6b8c6f11e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"用户张","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"f0450e6b8c6f11e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"动脉导管未闭的治疗方法","content":"<p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><strong>动脉导管未闭</strong>有哪些治疗方法？这是生活中许多<strong>动脉导管未闭</strong>病者想要了解的一个问题，<strong>动脉导管未闭</strong>在日常生活中并不少见，占先天性心脏病总数的</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\">15％，其中以女性多见，那么下面就为大家讲解一下<strong>动脉导管未闭</strong>的治疗方法。</span><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 37px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1505471811153.jpg\" title=\"动脉导管未闭的治疗方法\" alt=\"动脉导管未闭的治疗方法\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\"/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\">1.手术方法</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">（</span>1）单纯结扎术（双重结扎+缝扎），是一种安全、简易并且有效的方法，适用于管型的未闭动脉导管。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">（</span>2）导管前壁加垫结扎术：适用于儿童病例同时伴有严重肺高压者。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">（</span>3）切断缝合术，该手术方法比较理想，但操作相对复杂，有大出血的可能。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\">2.对漏斗型未闭动脉导管也可进行放射介入治疗。</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\">3.早产儿动脉导管未闭治疗</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">（</span>1）由吲哚美辛治疗，24小内动脉导管未关闭，症状没有改善，以及在足够通气给氧条件下，仍然有低氧血症和高碳酸血症，pc02&gt;7.98kpa（60mmhg）时都应急诊行单纯导管结扎术。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">（</span>2）吲哚美辛治疗：经抗心力衰竭治疗无效者，给予吲哚美辛鼻饲。每8小时l剂，共用3次。用药前，白细胞计数需控制在正常范围，血小板不少于60×109／l（6万／mm3），尿素氮&lt;20mg％，胆红素&lt;12mg％。服药过程中及时观察尿量、心率、食欲和黄疽等。服药后复查尿素氮、电解质、超声心动图、x线胸片。吲哚美辛的不良反应会出现肾衰竭、低血钠症、黄疸加重、血小板减少和凝血障碍。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 37px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1505472347674.jpg\" title=\"动脉导管未闭的治疗方法\" alt=\"动脉导管未闭的治疗方法\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\"/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\">4.内科治疗</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">防治感染性心内膜炎，呼吸道感染与心力衰竭。早产儿动脉导管未闭，可用消炎痛</span>0.2-0.3mg/kg或阿斯匹林20mg/kg，每日4次口服，可抑制前列腺素合成，促使导管闭合，而肺动脉高压的较大儿童以及成人，可经导管注入填塞剂或闭合剂用来阻断分流。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1548","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1403,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1505471873118,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1505471873118,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"5864","isDel":0,"createAt":1505471571476,"createBy":"f0450e6b8c6f11e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"用户张","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"f0450e6b8c6f11e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"动脉导管未闭的最佳手术时间","content":"<p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><strong>动脉导管</strong>是胎儿时期主动脉与肺动脉之间的生理性血流通道。正常情况下，在胎儿出生后几小时会产生功能性关闭，之后导管内皮重叠、内层崩解，坏死，逐步由纤维组织取代，形成<strong>动脉导管</strong>韧带。在异常情况下，导管仍然开放，成为<strong>动脉导管未闭</strong>，未闭的导管粗细、长度不同，它的直径可在</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\">0.1-2cm不等。</span><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 37px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1505471820406.jpg\" title=\"动脉导管未闭的最佳手术时间\" alt=\"动脉导管未闭的最佳手术时间\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\"/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">对于动脉导管未必的手术成人应尽早开始，避免造成肺动脉高压，造成手术难度增加甚至失去手术机会。婴幼儿无论有无动脉导管未闭症状都可考虑进行动脉导管未闭手术。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">新生儿及</span>8个月以内幼儿的动脉导管未闭，有可能自愈，可以先观察，如果彩超结果显示左向右分流较少，胸部平片显示肺血增多不明显。孩子生长发育不受影响，未出现反复发作的感冒或肺炎，可以等到1岁以后手术；一般动脉导管如果一岁之前还没有闭合，常常是不会自动闭合的。如果病情较重，胸部平片显示肺血增多明显，生长发育迟缓，或肺炎反复发作，有肺动脉高压，就需要积极治疗，尽早手术，避免失去手术时机。如果手术的话可以一次治愈，远期跟正常人相差无几。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 37px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1505471572232.jpg\" title=\"动脉导管未闭的最佳手术时间\" alt=\"动脉导管未闭的最佳手术时间\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\"/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">假如一岁后动脉导管仍未闭合，也未经治疗，长期的体肺循环间的分流会影响心功能，肺动脉压力会升高。</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">至于是手术治疗还是介入治疗，两者都可以，手术治疗复发的可能性小，治疗较彻底，目前手术的方法已得到改进，创伤相对小。介入治疗进展也比较快，创伤更小，但有一定的适应症，因此两类方法的选择需要根据病情来决定。</span></span></p>","barId":"1548","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1964,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1505471571479,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1505471571479,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"5657","isDel":0,"createAt":1504240402441,"createBy":"a2b3a9ba8d2111e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"张小云","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"a2b3a9ba8d2111e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"针对动脉导管未闭应做哪些检查","content":"<p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">动脉导管未闭</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">这种病情给大家带去的苦恼是很多的，而且<strong>动脉导管未闭</strong>真的不好治疗，这是患者都知道的，对于<strong>动脉导管未闭</strong>这种病情很容易与一些疾病混淆，以至于患者不知道自己该怎么去检查<strong>动脉导管未闭</strong>，下面就为大家仔细介绍下<strong>动脉导管未闭</strong>有什么样的检查。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 37px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1504240981632.jpg\" title=\"针对动脉导管未闭应做哪些检查\" alt=\"针对动脉导管未闭应做哪些检查\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\"/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\">1.心电图检查</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">轻者可无明显异常变化，典型表现示电轴左偏、左心室高电压或左心室肥大。肺动脉高压明显者，示左、右心室均肥大。晚期则以右心室肥大为主，并有心肌损害表现。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\">2.胸部X线检查</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心影增大，早期为左心室增大，晚期时右心室亦增大，分流量较多者左心房亦扩大。升主动脉和主动脉弓阴影增宽，肺动脉段突出。肺动脉分支增粗，肺野充血。有时透视下可见肺门</span>“舞蹈”征。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\">3.超声心动图检查</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">左心房、左心室增大，肺动脉增宽</span>;如存在肺动脉高压，右心室亦可增大，在主动脉与肺动脉分叉之间可见异常的管道交通;彩色多普勒显示降主动脉至肺动脉的高速双期分流;连续多普勒可测得双期连续高速血流频谱。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 37px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1504240850320.jpeg\" title=\"针对动脉导管未闭应做哪些检查\" alt=\"针对动脉导管未闭应做哪些检查\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\"/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\">4.升主动脉造影检查</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">左侧位连续摄片示升主动脉和主动脉弓部增宽，峡部内缘突出，造影剂经此处分流入肺动脉内，并显示出导管的外形、内径和长度。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:37px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">以上是动脉导管未闭需做的检查，在这里希望广大动脉导管未闭患者做好自身动脉导管未闭病情的诊断，选择适合自身动脉导管未闭疾病的特色治疗方案彻底治愈动脉导管未闭，</span></span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">早日康复！</span></span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1548","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1893,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1504240402442,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1504240402442,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"type0":[{"id":"8707","isDel":0,"createAt":1512437822367,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"动脉导管未闭的病因有哪些","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">动脉导管未闭是一种先天性的心脏疾病，导致很多的新生宝宝出现了该病的症状，会令患儿的心脏健康受到了特别严重的伤害，而且还会影响到患儿的性命，大家必须要将动脉导管未闭了解透彻，要深入了解该病的诱发病因才行。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512438108169.jpg\" title=\"动脉导管未闭的病因有哪些\" alt=\"动脉导管未闭的病因有哪些\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">动脉导管未闭是一种特别多发的心脏疾病，越来越多的新生儿出现了这种疾病的症状，为此给宝宝的心脏部位带来了特别严重的危害，而当前来看引发动脉导管未闭的病因是极其复杂的，应当引起大家的关注，了解一下动脉导管未闭的病因有哪些呢</span>?</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　动脉导管未闭的出现伤害到了较多新生宝宝的健康，而且会导致患儿的心脏异常，给宝宝带来了特别多的痛苦，当前引发该病出现的原因和遗传有关，在胎儿期间所有影响心脏胚胎发育的因素都会诱发心脏畸形的出现，比如孕母患风疹、腮腺炎、柯萨奇病毒感染、糖尿病、流行性感冒、高钙血症等。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">胚胎学和发病机制也是诱发该病出现的重要起因，胎儿的动脉导管一般会从第六主动脉鳃弓背部进行发育的，这样才可以构成胎儿血循环主动脉、肺动脉间的生理性通道。在胎儿期间肺小泡会全部萎陷，而且不含有空气，并且无呼吸活动，从而肺血管的阻力特别的大，为此右心室所排出的静脉血，多数是不能进入到肺内循环进行氧合的，往往会引发疾病的发生。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">动脉导管未闭的出现，对于患儿的护理工作不可以忽视，患儿的室内空气必须要流通，特别是在冬天的时候需要定时打开窗户，从而加强了空气的对流，而且还要给予一些高热量、高蛋白、富含维生素的饮食，这样可以增强患儿的体质，注意要让患儿多喝一些水。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1548","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1503,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512437822369,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512437822369,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8706","isDel":0,"createAt":1512437610087,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"找良医网为您详细解析动脉导管未闭的病因","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">动脉导管未闭，占先心病总数</span>15％，女性多见。婴儿出生后10－15小时，动脉导管即开始功能性闭合。生后2个月至1岁，绝大多数已闭。1岁以后仍未闭塞者即为动脉导管未闭。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512437639716.jpg\" title=\"找良医网为您详细解析动脉导管未闭的病因\" alt=\"找良医网为您详细解析动脉导管未闭的病因\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">一、病理解剖：</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">婴儿出生后</span>10～15小时，动脉导管即开始功能性闭合。生后2个月至1岁，绝大多数已闭合。1岁以后仍未闭合者即为动脉导管未闭。动脉导管未闭的肺动脉端在肺总动脉与左肺动脉连接处，主动脉端在主动脉弓降部左锁骨下动脉起始部远端。长度在0.2～3cm间，常见有管型、漏斗型及窗型。可合并其他畸形如肺动脉狭窄、主动脉缩窄、室间隔缺损、大动脉转位等。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">二、病理生理：</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">出生后由于肺循环的肺血管阻力和肺动脉压力下降，而体循环血管阻力则因脐动脉闭锁反而上升，因此未闭合的动脉导管血流发生逆转，由压力高的主动脉流向压力较低的肺动脉，即所谓自左向右分流。分流量的多少，与动脉导管口径的粗细和两侧动脉压力的阶差有密切关系。导管口径越粗，压力阶差越大，分流量就越大；反之，分流量越小。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1548","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1378,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512437610089,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512437610089,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8705","isDel":0,"createAt":1512437463307,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"动脉导管未闭原因","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">动脉导管未闭原因有很多，要正确的认识动脉导管未闭的发生原因才能更好的避免动脉导管未闭的发生。本期专家观点为您详解。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"font-family:宋体\">动脉导管未闭发生原因未明确，一般认为和以下因素有关：</span></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512437861450.jpeg\" title=\"动脉导管未闭原因\" alt=\"动脉导管未闭原因\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp; ⑴ 早产和缺氧：早产儿关闭导管的肌纤维太少和功能弱，或早产儿的肺清除前列腺素的代谢产物太少；新生儿缺氧性疾病和高原低氧也不能及时关闭导管。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp; ⑵ 感染和遗传：怀孕3个月内感染风疹，尤以孕期4周内最易胎传风疹；遗传亦有一定的关系，患儿的同胞兄弟姐妹中患同病约2~4%。绝大数患儿原因不明。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp; ⑶ 海拔高度：动脉导管未闭的发病率随海拔的增高而上升。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1548","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1390,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512437463309,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512437463309,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8704","isDel":0,"createAt":1512437353556,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":1512437859243,"updateBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"梅油油","userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"动脉导管未闭的原因有哪几点","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">动脉导管未闭的原因</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512437498323.jpg\" title=\"动脉导管未闭的原因有哪几点\" alt=\"动脉导管未闭的原因有哪几点\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、胎儿发育环境：</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">子宫内病毒感染是最重要的先天性心脏病原因，其中又以风疹病毒感染最为突出，其次为柯萨奇病毒感染。其他如羊膜病变、胎儿受压、妊娠早期先兆流产、母体营养不良、糖尿病，以及放射线和细胞毒性药物在妊娠早期的应用等，都是先心病的原因。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、遗传：</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">遗传是主要的内因，在胎儿期任何影响心脏胚、胎发育的因素均可能造成心脏畸形，如孕母患风疹，流行性感冒，腮腺炎，柯萨奇病毒感染，糖尿病，高钙血症等，孕母接触放射线；孕母服用抗癌药物或甲糖宁等药。在一个家庭中，兄弟姊妹或父母子女同时患先天性心脏病，以及不少染色体异常的遗传病同时有心脏血管畸形的事例，说明本病有遗传因素存在。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3、早产：</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">早产是重要的先天性心脏病原因。出生时体重在</span>2500克以下的新生儿尤易患先天性心脏病。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4、高原环境：</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">高原氧分压低是先天性心脏病原因之一，</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">我国青藏高原先心病患病率远较平原地区高。</span></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">5、其他：</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">高龄产妇</span>(35岁以上)产下患法乐四联症、唐氏综合征婴儿的危险性较大。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1548","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1374,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512437353558,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512437353558,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"6670","isDel":0,"createAt":1509520079277,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":1520329889229,"updateBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"梅油油","userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"先天性动脉导管未闭是怎么回事","content":"<p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><br/></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">找良医网向您详细介绍先<strong>天性动脉导管未闭的病理病因</strong>，先天性动脉导管未闭主要是由什么原因引起的。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1520330100979.jpg\" title=\"先天性动脉导管未闭是怎么回事\" alt=\"先天性动脉导管未闭是怎么回事\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">先天性动脉导管未闭病因</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">一、病因</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">遗传是主要的内因。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">在胎儿期任何影响心脏胚胎发育的因素均可能造成心脏畸形，如孕母患风疹、流行性感冒、腮腺炎、柯萨奇病毒感染、糖尿病、高钙血症等，孕母接触放射线；孕母服用抗癌药物或甲糖宁等药。</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">先天性心脏病动脉导管未闭（简称</span>PDA）是先天性心脏病一种，占先心病的21%。动脉导管是胎儿血液循环的重要管道，出生后短期内逐渐闭合，因先天性的因素未闭合即成先天性心脏病动脉导管未闭。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">二、发病机制</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">胎儿的动脉导管从第六主动脉鳃弓背部发育而来，构成胎儿血循环主动脉、肺动脉间的生理性通道。胎儿期肺小泡全部萎陷，不含有空气，且无呼吸活动，因而肺血管阻力很大，故右心室排出的静脉血，大都不能进入肺内循环进行氧合。由于肺动脉压力高于主动脉，因此进入肺动脉的大部分血液将经动脉导管流入主动脉再经脐动脉而达胎盘</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">，在胚盘内与母体血液进行代谢交换，然后纳入脐静脉回流入胎儿血循环。</span></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span 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