{"type5":[],"type4":[{"id":"7136","isDel":0,"createAt":1510108770934,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":1525857355045,"updateBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"良药苦口","userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"脊椎病的相关食谱推荐","content":"<p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">脊椎病是生活中比较比较常见的骨科疾病。对于这样的疾病我们在生活中能通过什么饮食来改善呢？下面就几种常见的能</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">改善脊椎病的饮食</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">提供大家参考。</span></p><p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1510109022392.jpg\" title=\"脊椎病的相关食谱推荐\" alt=\"脊椎病的相关食谱推荐\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">火腿冬笋粥</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">热火腿肉</span>50克，冬笋20克，水发香菇30克，青豆20克，香油25克，葱花与生姜末少许，肉汤1500克，糯米100克，煮粥，每日分多次服用。益气血，充精髓，益肾生津，健脾开胃壮筋骨。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">葛根赤小豆粥</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">葛根</span>15克，水煎去渣取汁，赤小豆20克，粳米30克，共煮粥服食，适用于颈项僵硬者;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">枸杞牛肉粥</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">黄牛肉切丁</span>50克，糯米100克共煮粥，待粥将煮好时放入枸杞20克，再共煮成粥加调味后服食，适用于颈项不利、下肢痿软者。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">黑豆粥</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">黑豆</span>50克，红枣30克，大米200克，红糖30克，黑豆、大米浸泡过夜，入开水锅内小火熬煮10～15分钟，再将红枣洗净、去核，加入粥中继续熬煮，待米烂豆熟粥将稠时，加入红糖稍煮片刻即可食用。此粥补脾益肾，活血壮骨，祛风止痛。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">山药薏仁粥</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">山药</span>20克，薏苡仁20克，粳米100克。急火煮开3分钟，文火煮20分钟，成粥，趁热食用。适用于颈椎病眩晕型，口粘，头重目眩者。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><br/></p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1433,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1510108770936,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1510108770936,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"3924","isDel":0,"createAt":1488034673228,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"先天性脊柱侧弯矫形术后的康复护理","content":"<p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">术前准备</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;;background:white\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> <span style=\"background:white\">1</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">完善术前检查除了脊柱方面的检查外必须认真完成心肺功能各种检查，包括憋气试验，进行全面系统特殊辅助检查，胸部</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;background: white\">X</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">线片、心电图、常规血液系统及药物过敏试验、交叉配血以备手术中输血。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;background: white\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> <span style=\"background:white\">2</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">术前肺功能训练及其他准备脊柱侧弯常导致肺功能不同程度降低，因此，术前</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;background: white\">1</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">周护士应指导患者深呼吸</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;background: white\">;</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">吹气球等肺部训练</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;background: white\">3~4</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">次</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;background: white\">/d,20~30 min/</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">次，以增加肺活量，改善肺功能，减少术后并发症。同时要求患者进行手术卧位姿势，床上大小便，肢体主动活动训练，为矫正手术做好充分准备。并注意提高患者术后机体抗感染能力，在饮食上应加强营养，多补充高热量、高蛋白质、高维生素等食物。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;background: white\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> <span style=\"background:white\">3</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">术后康复护理</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;background: white\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> <span style=\"background:white\">3.1</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">术后患者的搬运及生命体征的观察患者术后返回病房，应正确、谨慎搬运到床上，由</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;background: white\">3~4</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">人协作，动作要求协调一致，保持脊柱水平位不得扭转，以防断棒或拔钉，全身麻醉未清醒者，头应偏向一侧，防止呕吐物误吸出现呛咳窒息，持续心电监测、低流量吸氧，密切观察患者的生命体征变化，监测血氧饱和度。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;background: white\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> <span style=\"background:white\">3.2</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">脊髓神经功能观察由于手术创伤大，难度较高，易损伤脊髓神经，当患者麻醉消退后要密切观察双下肢运动感觉及大小便反射功能，要指导患者主动行足趾和踝关节伸屈活动，若出现肢体感觉减退或障碍，应考虑是否因过度矫正或切口内血肿形成，应立即报告医师，并采取相应紧急措施。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;background: white\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> <span style=\"background:white\">3.3</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">各种管道护理术后严密观察各种引流管是否在位通畅，切口引流者保持引流管通畅观察引流液的量及颜色。一般术后放置引流管</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;background: white\">48~72 h</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">，</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;background: white\">48 h</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">或</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;background: white\">72 h</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">后引流量小于</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;background: white\">50 ml</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">时可拔管。若引流量在</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;background: white\">48~72 h</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">后仍不减少，应考虑有无内出血或脑脊液外漏。根据病情可保留导尿管</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;background: white\">2~3 d</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">后拔除，以减少泌尿系感染的发生。使用便盆应先让患者侧卧，将一软枕垫于背部，再放置便盆，保持脊柱的水平位，以免产生断棒。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;background: white\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> <span style=\"background:white\">3.4</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">翻身护理术后平卧</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;background: white\">4 h</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">，并给予垫海绵垫，以压迫止血，翻身时采用轴型滚动式操作。有肋骨切除者禁止侧卧。手术矫正剃刀背畸形术中行肋骨成形还有可能损伤胸膜，应注意观察患者呼吸</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;background: white\">,</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">防止翻身造成气胸。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;background: white\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> <span style=\"background:white\">3.5</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">观察敷料外观注意观察切口渗血情况是防止术后并发症的重要环节。由于手术创伤大</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;background: white\">,</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">出血多，切口渗血严重者应及时通知医师，查明原因并更换敷料。保持敷料外观干燥，必要时给予加压包扎，以利压迫止血。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;background: white\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> <span style=\"background:white\">3.6</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">石膏固定护理与观察术后</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;background: white\">2</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">周拆线后即可行石膏背心固定。嘱患者在饮食上应少量多餐避免消化不良，密切观察患者有无腹痛、腹胀、恶心、呕吐等石膏综合征。如出现上述症状</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;background: white\">,</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">应检查石膏固定是否过紧，若有血压、脉搏、呼吸、尿量、面色等变化，应立即报告医师并对症处理。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;background: white\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> <span style=\"background:white\">3.7</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">出院指导指导患者行正确的功能锻炼</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;background: white\">,</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">四肢活动，同时配合做扩胸运动、深呼吸、吹气球等呼吸功能锻炼，出院后</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;background: white\">6</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">个月内不要做上身前屈动作及上肢提拉重物，避免身体负重及加重脊柱活动度，并定期来院检查。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;background: white\">&nbsp;</span>&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1739,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1488034673230,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1488034673228,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"2605","isDel":0,"createAt":1488034523257,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"脊柱侧弯的运动治疗、支具治疗、牵引治疗的方法与护理","content":"<p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">运动治疗进行矫正体操</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;;background:white\">,</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">适宜于</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;;background:white\">Cobb</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">角</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;;background:white\">10°</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">～</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;;background:white\">19°</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">患者</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;;background:white\">,</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">体操项目如下。</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;;background:white\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">●</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">肘膝着地位或膝胸着地位</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">前后爬行或匍匐环行。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">●</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">跪位</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">左、右偏坐</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">轮流进行。左侧凸者</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">重点练右侧偏坐</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">右侧凸者</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">重点练左侧偏坐。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">●</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">俯卧位</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">头近墙。双肘屈曲在前支地。头尽力向前伸</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">使头顶触墙壁</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">(</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">矫正上胸段侧凸</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">)</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">。俯卧位</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">双手置额前</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">双臂向前平伸。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">●</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">准备姿势同上。一侧上下肢同时伸直举起</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">(</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">矫正胸椎向对侧凸</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">)</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">●</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">仰卧位</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">仰卧起坐。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">●</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">俯卧位</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">双肘半屈在前支地</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">双下肢后伸抬起。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">●</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">仰卧位</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">轮流直腿举起或双腿同时直腿举起。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">●</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">仰卧位</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">深呼吸</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">(</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">缓慢进行</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">)</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">●</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">立位</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">靠墙</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">双髋及肩紧贴墙壁</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">挺拔头颈及躯干直立。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　以上全套练习每次<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">≥20</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">分钟</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">次</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">/</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">日</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">患者每</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">4</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">～</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">6</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">个月复查</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">次。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　支具治疗对年龄<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">10</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">～</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">15</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">岁</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,Cobb</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">角</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">20°</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">～</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">39°,Risser</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">分度</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">≤2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">度者</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">采用支具治疗。上胸段或胸段侧凸采用</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">Milwaukee</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">支具</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">胸腰段或腰段可采用</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">Boston,Miami</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">或</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">Wilmington</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">支具。佩戴时间每日</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">23</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">小时</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">剩余</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">小时</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">进行体操练习</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">洗浴等。戴支具后每半年复查</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">次</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">支具</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">～</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">年更换</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">次。有效者支具佩戴直至骨骺闭合</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">生长停止。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　牵引治疗牵引疗法可防止脊柱侧凸进一步加重<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">或使侧凸得到一定程度的改善</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">目前更重要的是用作脊柱侧凸术前准备</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">使脊柱侧弯的凹侧挛缩的软组织得到松解</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">使手术达到最大限度的矫正。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　颈部悬吊牵引患者可坐位<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">重量</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">5</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">～</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">8 kg,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">根据患者的耐受性</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">因人而异。适应于上胸椎侧凸</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">每次持续</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">30</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">分钟</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">次</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">/</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">日。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　斜台颈牵引同上。<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　头颅<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">-</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">骨瓮环牵引安装特制的头颅环和骨盆环</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">两者之间安装支撑杆。术后前</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">天每天拧紧固定螺钉</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">不牵引</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">待针眼疼痛消退后</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">每天调节螺钉</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">～</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">圈</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">(</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">撑开高度</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">2 mm</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">为度</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">),</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">直到达到理想的矫正度</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">一般牵引时间</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">6</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">周左右。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　反悬吊持续牵引该装置是由牵引带、滑车、绳索及重锤组成<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">患者侧卧牵引带中</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">侧弯的凸侧向下</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">正对牵引带</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">重量由</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">10 kg</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">加大到</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">40 kg,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">使侧凸顶点离床</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">5</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">～</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">8 ml,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">以患者最大耐受性为限。若为术前准备</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">一般牵引</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">周左右。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">&nbsp;</span></span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1551,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1488034523260,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1488034523257,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"1363","isDel":0,"createAt":1488025361025,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"脊柱侧弯手术后的护理技巧","content":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\"><img title=\"1488025607427.jpg\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1488025607427.jpg\" alt=\"timg (33).jpg\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、体位护理</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">术后搬运患者至病床时</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">注意保持脊柱水平位</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">平托至床旁。患者卧硬板床</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">全麻清醒、平卧</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">6 h</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">后可进行翻身</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">翻身幅度不能超过</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">45&deg;;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">术后</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">3 d</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">内以平卧为主</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">平卧</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2 h</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">后翻身侧卧</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1 h,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">翻身时保持脊柱平直。勿使椎体扭转</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">翻身角度不超过</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">60&deg;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;<br /> 2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、生命体征的观察</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">由于手术创伤大</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">出血量多</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">因此应严密观察血压、脉搏、呼吸的变化</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">给予吸氧</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2~4 L/min</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、常规观察神志、体温、皮肤黏膜有无紫绀、苍白、水肿、毛细血管充盈时间等。全麻清醒后指导患者有效咳嗽和深呼吸</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">保持呼吸道的通畅</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">促进肺泡膨胀</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">增加肺通气量</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">观察呼吸频率、节律等。必要时雾化吸入。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;<br /> 3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、脊髓神经功能的观察</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">因术中有可能因脊髓牵拉或缺血引起脊髓损伤</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">故术后要观察踝关节的伸屈功能</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">并牵拉尿管观察反应。重视患者的主诉</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">如感觉困倦或肢体发沉</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">肢端剧烈疼痛、麻木或肢端无法移动等</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">应立即通知医生及时处理</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">预防不可逆的神经损伤。术后</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2~3 d</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">易出现迟发截瘫</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">可能为术后水肿引起。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img title=\"1488025523762.jpg\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1488025523762.jpg\" alt=\"timg (24).jpg\" width=\"320\" height=\"244\" /></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\"> 4</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、疼痛的护理</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">由于年轻人耐受力差</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">在术后</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">48~72 h</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">应给予镇痛剂</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">比如肌肉注射复方氨林巴比妥注射液</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">(</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">安痛定</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">)50~100 mg</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">。如有镇痛泵持续止痛的</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">应观察患者的神志、表情及反应能力</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">出现昏睡状态的立即关闭止痛泵。或者聊聊患者关心和喜爱的话题</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">分散其注意力。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;<br /> 5</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、翻身的护理</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">术后预防褥疮的发生</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">应</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2~3 h</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">帮助患者轴线翻身一次</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">按摩受压处的皮肤或涂抹药油促进血液循环</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">翻身时注意患者各管道的脱落</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">使躯干成一直线</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">保持患者的肩、胸、髋部成一字型</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">翻身角度为</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">45&deg;,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">身下垫上软枕</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">防止脊柱上下部分反向扭转</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">并每隔</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2 h</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">变换体位一次。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;<br /> 6</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、饮食的护理</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">术后肠道可能会受到抑制</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">出现肠麻痹症状。给予流质饮食</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">或口服氯化钾以促进肠蠕动</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">加快肠鸣音恢复</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">减轻腹胀。然后逐渐向有营养可口消化的饮食。少食多餐</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">但要防止肠系膜上动脉综合征的发生。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img title=\"1488025569717.jpg\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1488025569717.jpg\" alt=\"timg (35).jpg\" /></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\"> 7</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、引流管的护理</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (1)</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">切口引流管的护理①保持引流管的固定和通畅</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">并保持其成负压状态</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">防止打折受压</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">②严密观察引流液的颜色、性质和量。术后</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">24 h</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">引流量一般不超过</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">500 ml,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">如果过多应警惕有无潜在的失血性休克</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">严密观察血压、脉搏、尿量及意识变化</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">有异常及时通知医生</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">③如果术后</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2~3 d</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">量</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&lt;50 ml/d</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">时可拔管</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">;(2)</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">胸腔闭式引流管的护理</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">:</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">为防止血气胸</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">术后给予常规留置引流管</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">并给予患者抬高床头</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">25&deg;~30&deg;,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">以便引流并利于呼吸。同样保持管道的通畅和固定</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">并观察有无水柱的波动</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">防止血块或纤维素凝块堵塞管腔</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">记录引流液颜色、性质和量</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">注意呼吸、呼吸音和有无皮下气肿</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">一般术后</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">3~5 d</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">可拔管。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;<br /> 8</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、功能锻炼</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">患者麻醉清醒后即可鼓励和指导其进行手、足部的活动。术后</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1~2 d</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">可做肢体抬高、关节屈伸运动</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">每日逐渐增加运动量。一周后如脊柱</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">X</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">片正常</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">可扶患者坐起</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">逐渐下地行走。避免躯体侧屈、扭转、弯腰等动作。活动强度应循序渐进</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">避免疲劳</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">上肢禁止提拉重物</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">减少脊柱活动</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">避免脊柱外伤</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">预防内固定松动、滑脱。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1709,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1488025361026,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1488025361025,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"1101","isDel":0,"createAt":1488034349738,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"脊柱侧弯矫形术后疼痛的舒适护理","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; background: white;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; background: white;\">情绪干预</span> <span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; background: white;\">以温和可亲的态度与患者交流，引导其说出焦虑、恐惧等心理感受，并采取有效的应对措施。了解患者内心的想法及对护理过程中存在的建议和疑惑，建立护患之间互相信任的关系，让患者对住院不再感到孤独和陌生，能够安心接受治疗。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; background: white;\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\"><br /> <span style=\"background: white;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; background: white;\">认知干预</span> <span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; background: white;\">患者缺乏手术相关知识和术前心理准备。告知患者该手术是目前治疗脊柱侧弯的主要方法，早期手术，可矫正脊柱畸形，保护心肺功能及胃肠功能。向患者讲解手术方法、麻醉方式、减轻患者的紧张情绪。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; background: white;\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\"><br /> <span style=\"background: white;\">3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; background: white;\">健康教育</span> <span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; background: white;\">采取多种形式的健康教育活动，用通俗易懂的语言讲解本病的发生、发展，治疗、护理方法、预后及注意事项。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; background: white;\">&nbsp;</span></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; background: white;\">4</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; background: white;\">疼痛教育</span> <span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; background: white;\">术前采用疼痛控制认识问卷调查患者对术后疼痛的基本认识，使用术后疼痛控制问卷（参考国外经典的疼痛问卷法），术后对患者进行脊柱侧弯矫形术的疼痛控制教育，包括疼痛对机体的影响，如何评估与表达疼痛，常用术后的止痛药物，使用止痛药物的时机、作用及副作用等。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; background: white;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":2016,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1488034349739,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1488034349738,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"1009","isDel":0,"createAt":1488034767387,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"重度脊柱侧凸前后路联合矫形术的护理要点","content":"<p style=\"line-height:200%\">　<span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;;background:white\">&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">对照组患者给予常规护理干预，主要包括：</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">①</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">心理疏导。患者在接受手术治疗之前，均会产生一定的情绪波动，从而出现焦虑、恐惧等负性情绪，此时，护理人员给予患者有效的心理疏导，消除或者减轻患者的负性情绪，帮助患者树立战胜疾病的信心，为手术的顺利完成奠定坚实的基础。</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">②</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">饮食指导。向患者说明营养的重要性，指导患者进行健康饮食，并且养成良好的饮食习惯，多食用一些富含维生素、纤维、蛋白的食物。</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">③</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">病房护理。在患者手术之后，需要及时转移到病房予以观察。此时，需要保证病房清洁、温度与湿度适宜，为患者营造一个良好的治疗环境。</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;;background:white\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　观察组患者给予围手术期护理干预，包括术前护理、术中护理、术后护理，主要内容有：<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">①</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">肺功能锻炼。患者胸廓畸形情况比较严重，肺功能较差，并且存在着不同程度的通气功能障碍。为此，在手术前</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">周，为患者制定一个肺功能锻炼计划，一般就是爬楼梯，每天</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">次，每次</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">20</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">分钟，同时予以综合呼吸锻炼。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">②</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">脊柱弹性被动与主动锻炼。因为患者的畸形情况比较严重，并且非常僵硬，需要制定脊柱弹性训练方案，帮助患者矫正身姿。在患者入院之后，展开枕颌吊带牵引，每天</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">次，每次</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">30</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">分钟，坚持</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">7-20</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">天。同时，指导患者进行脊柱伸屈练习，每天</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">次，每次</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">30</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">分钟。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">③</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">观察脊柱神经功能。在手术过程中，对患者脊髓诱发电位进行密切监测，并且展开唤醒试验，随时关注患者的中枢神经受损情况。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">④</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">呼吸护理。手术采用全麻方式，因为插管刺激，非常容易导致患者出现上呼吸道炎性水肿，在术后可以给予患者雾化吸入治疗，帮助患者呼吸，每天</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">2-4</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">次。同时，帮助患者无痛排痰，双手轻压患者两肋，指导患者深呼吸，在吸气</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">2/3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">的时候咳嗽。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">⑤</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">疼痛护理。患者手术创伤较大，在术后麻醉效果减退之后必然会出现疼痛。根据患者的疼痛情况给予相应的治疗。必要的情况下，可以使用止痛剂、电子止痛泵等，帮助患者缓解疼痛。</span></span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1708,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1488034767389,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1488034767387,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"type3":[{"id":"7142","isDel":0,"createAt":1510109629160,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":1525944179830,"updateBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"良药苦口","userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"脊柱侧弯如何自我矫正","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\"></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">脊柱侧弯是比较常见的骨科疾病，脊柱侧弯要如何矫正呢？</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">怎样自我矫正脊柱侧弯</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">？</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1510110129899.jpg\" title=\"脊柱侧弯如何自我矫正\" alt=\"脊柱侧弯如何自我矫正\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\"></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">1.并拢两脚，笔直地站立，把一条腿向后移开半步，然后把上体向前弯曲，不要弯膝盖，使手指能触到地面为止，如此，连续做15～20次。这个动作，可以使大腿及膝盖的线条优美柔和，令左右两腿匀称。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">2.两脚打开30～60厘米，挺直地站立，把一条腿向后退半步，然后把上身扭曲，使指尖能够触及另一侧的脚趾。并连续做10～15次。这个动作，可以使两腕的线条优美柔和，腰围缩小，并矫正脊椎柱的弯曲。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">3.两脚打开60～70厘米，把一条腿向后退半步，再抬起双臂，与肩膀同高，然后把双臂水平地向后甩去。向长腿的方向扭转7次，向短腿的方向扭转4次。这动作，可以使腰围紧缩，体态娇美。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">4.面向墙壁，保持30厘米的距离站住，一条腿向后退半步，脚后跟张开，让足尖朝向内侧，再把两手按在墙壁上，挺起胸部，以臀部向后突起的姿势，并拢着两个膝盖，曲伸双腿。连续做20～50次。这个动作，可以让股关节有了转位，能治好两腿不匀称的毛病，而且能使腿部线条美丽。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">5.做一个长度乃厘米，阔度约有手腕两倍的腰枕系在腰部，把一条腿向后退半步，深深地坐人椅子里面，再把肩膀向后面靠去，挺起胸部，连续做20次。这个动作，能治好疲劳及肩膀酸痛的毛病，并可以收缩腹部。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">6.拿起一条绳子站立，把一条腿向后退半步，然后，以这种姿势，有韵律地跳跃60～70次。跳绳是一种很好的全身运动，不仅对健康及美容有很大的帮助，同时能收缩全身的肌肉，增加身高。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">7.正坐在小腿上，把一条腿的膝盖向后退3～5厘米，两肩向后扳开，手臂笔直地向上举起，以此姿势，把上体向前倾倒，尽量贴近地板。连续做20～40次。这个动作，是矫正猫背最有效的运动，不仅能使背部挺直，同时能美化腕部的线条。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">8.坐下来，用布条将两膝盖上部绑好，两手抱住小腿，让一条腿的膝盖与另外一条腿的膝盖保持平整一般高，再利用两手拉身体弯曲，使下巴触到膝盖，连续做20～30次，这个动作，可以拉紧臀部肌肉。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span><br/></p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1420,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1510109629162,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1510109629162,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"4691","isDel":0,"createAt":1488031321557,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"脊柱侧弯:做手术还是戴支具?","content":"<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　 正常脊柱的胸椎和腰椎有一定的后凸和前凸，而在站立位从人体后方看，脊柱是没有弯曲的。如果发现脊柱偏离中心线，向左或右方向弯曲，有双侧不对称、双肩不等高等表现，提示可能有脊柱侧弯。&nbsp;</span></p><p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"font-family:Arial, 宋体\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1488031997271.jpg\" title=\"1488031997271.jpg\" alt=\"timg (35).jpg\"/></span></span></p><p><span style=\"font-family:Arial, 宋体\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px;\"><br/></span></span></p><p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　脊柱侧弯中特发性脊柱侧弯最为常见，约占80％。所谓特发性脊柱侧弯是指10岁以上、骨骼发育未成熟期间、原因不明确、脊柱向侧方弯曲大于10度的脊柱畸形。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　特发性脊柱侧弯常见于青少年,尤其是女性,常在青春期起病,进展快速，治疗不当，将带来严重后果。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　近年来，青少年脊柱侧弯的问题逐渐受到家长们的重视。临床上，脊柱侧弯矫形手术，尤其是内固定手术发展势头也十分迅猛。同时，对传统的支具、体操等保守疗法，社会上有了一些非议。发现孩子有脊柱侧弯后，究竟是做新的内固定手术，还是接受老的保守治疗？成了令家长们困惑的选择。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　新型手术效果显著&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　最近十年，手术中在胸段和腰段增加骨性固定点和大量应用椎弓根钉的趋势，使一些类型的脊柱侧弯矫正效果明&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　显改善。近年来微创技术的应用，也为进一步提高脊柱侧弯治疗效果开辟了新的途径。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　脊柱内固定系统的改进，有效地维持了脊柱的平衡和稳定，并尽量减少了融合节段，防止日后脊柱僵硬的发生。然而，我们也注意到，脊柱侧弯手术费用的高昂令人咋舌。我们经常遇到家境贫困患者，原本只有60度的畸形，由于未能及时筹措到数万元的医疗费用，手术时已经发展到90度的严重畸形，影响了手术效果，甚至影响了医患关系。同时，受经济利益的驱动，某些医疗机构和媒体对脊柱侧弯手术的“神奇效果”也做了不当的宣传。其实在青少年特发性脊柱侧弯患者中，只有约0.1%的严重脊柱侧弯者需手术治疗。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　怎样降低治疗成本、怎样严格掌握手术适应证，是医生需要不断研究改进的；另一方面，国家也需要完善医疗卫生保健体制，建立疾病的筛查普查机制，让更多的病人能被早发现，获得更经济、更简便、更有效的治疗。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　需要手术的脊柱侧弯患者：&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　畸形重，或呈加重趋势，尤其是发展到60度以上的严重胸弯，由于胸廓畸形而肺功能受影响者&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　骨骼发育停止后，侧弯角度在50度以上者（多数畸形会进展，进展速度约1度/年）&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　侧弯角度在30度以上的腰弯畸形&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　传统方法仍然有效&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　如果能开展群体普查，早发现、早治疗脊柱侧弯，我们就有望做到防止畸形向严重方向发展。畸形程度较轻、较柔软的侧弯，可首先考虑采用理疗、体疗、表面电刺激、石膏及支具等非手术治疗。其中，矫正体操对不同发展阶段和不同类型的脊柱侧弯有不同的效果，对少儿或青春前期轻度特发性侧弯、柔韧性好尚无明显结构性改变者，尤其可达到良好的治疗效果。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　目前，支具治疗仍然是非手术治疗中最主要和最可靠的方法，国内外均广泛应用。支具治疗可有效地控制早期脊柱侧弯的进展，特别是对轻、中度特发性侧弯，可以避免手术或减轻侧弯的严重程度。我们甚至发现，部分患者经过支具治疗后，畸形程度有所改善。研究发现，普查时发现的一些初步异常，可以预测将来畸形进展的可能性，畸形可能性较大的患者应及时接受治疗。&nbsp;</span></p><p><font face=\"Arial, 宋体\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px;\"><br/></span></font></p><p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"font-family:Arial, 宋体\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1488031464197.jpg\" title=\"1488031464197.jpg\" alt=\"timg (37).jpg\" width=\"439\" height=\"309\"/></span></span></p><p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　&nbsp;</span><br/></p><p><font face=\"Arial, 宋体\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px;\"><br/></span></font><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　适合支具治疗的脊柱侧弯：&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　原因不明的特发性脊柱侧弯&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　生长发育未成熟的青少年&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　侧凸角度在25度至45度之间轻、中度畸形&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　家长们要关心的&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　引起脊柱侧弯的原因很多，目前已知有100多种疾病可以引起脊柱侧弯，但大多数脊柱侧弯病因不明。对于家长们关心的“过重的书包、不正确的读写姿势是否会导致脊柱侧弯”， 这个问题尚有待科学研究证实，目前尚无定论。市场上、网络上销售的各种学生姿势矫正仪器（背心、背带、耳机等），号称可以预防脊柱侧弯，其科学性是值得商榷的。家长们对此应有理性认识，不要盲目追捧。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　另外值得注意的是，尽管支具能够有效控制轻、中度青少年特发性脊柱侧弯的进展，但由于长期、每天长时间地穿戴支具，患儿的生活质量和心理健康会受到许多不良影响。我们曾遇到一位女孩子，9岁的时候被发现有30度左右的脊柱侧弯，当时选择了支具治疗。三年后，家长反映孩子这几年坚持戴支具，随着长身体，支具也换了几个，侧弯虽然没有加重，但性格变得十分内向，很少和同学一起出去玩，甚至提出如果还要戴支具，就不去上学了。所以，对支具治疗脊柱侧弯的远期结果，要考虑的不仅是功能障碍情况，还有与健康相关的生活质量的评价。家长们要了解，脊柱侧弯患儿的心理调节能力会明显低于正常儿童，自尊和自我形象认可都相对较差。因此，在治疗过程中，家长要关注患儿的生活质量，应配合儿童保健和心理医生对患儿做支持治疗。同时，要保证在正规的、有经验的单位选择规范的支具，在医师的指导下，在保证支具治疗效果的前提下，尽量缩短穿戴支具的时间。&nbsp;</span><br/></p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1629,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1488031321558,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1488031321557,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"2759","isDel":0,"createAt":1488034969671,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"女,6岁9个月。先天性脊柱侧弯，10度，4根肋骨异常.未进行治疗，会发展吗","content":"<p><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &#39;Hiragino Sans GB&#39;, Helvetica, &#39;microsoft yahei&#39;, simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: rgb(252, 252, 252);\">女,6岁9个月。先天性脊柱侧弯，10度，4根肋骨异常.女儿现在6岁半，一直随诊，未进行治疗，会发展吗，需要支具矫正或手术吗</span></p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1470,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1488034969676,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1488034969671,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"2492","isDel":0,"createAt":1488031073803,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"矫正脊柱侧弯,手术风险大吗","content":"<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">　　医生治疗的原则是尽量不进行截骨矫形手术。如果必须进行该手术，一定要找非常有经验的大夫，手术团队要经常做这种手术，各种设备也要比较完备。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">　　关于脊柱侧弯手术，很多家长最担心的一个问题是：手术风险大吗？首先我们来看一下，脊柱侧弯手术，怎么算成功。首先是矫正率要比较满意，一般而言，矫正率达到</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">70%</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">～</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">80%</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">即算手术成功。也就是手术后，脊柱上</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">70%</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">～</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">80%</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">的侧弯都被矫正到原来的位置。其次，这样的矫正效果能够长期、甚至终身维持才算成功。如果矫正率不达标或者维持时间不长，术后出现问题，这样就是手术失败。接下来，我们再进一步探讨手术风险相关的一系列问题。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">　　</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">Q</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">：脊柱侧弯手术风险大吗？</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">　　脊柱侧弯手术风险主要与两个因素有关：第一，主刀医生的手术经验、技术；第二，手术设备。现在更倾向于依赖设备，减少医生经验、技术的影响。因为手术医生就如运动员一样，状态会有一定波动，而设备基本不会出现波动。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">　　现在降低手术风险的主要措施包括，引进导航设备和神经监护设备。尤其引进导航设备后，在手术中，原来医生要把钉子放到血管密集的地方时，主要依靠经验判断；但现在医生只需要看设备上的屏幕，在屏幕引导下就能把螺钉放到合适的位置。这样手术难度大大降低，不确定性也降低不少，手术风险自然就小了。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">　　另外，手术风险与治疗方式有关。脊柱侧弯手术大体分为截骨手术与不截骨手术。所谓截骨手术就是通过特殊的专用手术工具，将僵硬变形的脊柱骨截断，然后重新对接，完成矫形，这种手术风险相对较高。医生治疗的原则是尽量不进行截骨矫形手术。如果必须进行该手术，一定要找非常有经验的大夫，手术团队要经常做这种手术，各种设备也要比较完备。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">　　</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">Q</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">：截骨手术治疗脊柱侧弯，会伤及脊髓神经吗？会导致孩子瘫痪吗？</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">　　截骨手术治疗脊柱侧弯有可能会伤及神经。因为相较于不截骨的手术，截骨手术多了一个手术步骤，就是将神经周围的骨质去掉一圈。这样在手术操作过程中，可能与神经有一定的接触，进而损伤神经。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">　　另一方面，截骨手术过程中需要把僵硬变形的脊柱骨截断，然后重新对接。而在对接过程中，两节骨头可能出现错位，一旦错位就会损伤神经。因此，截骨手术可能伤及神经，最严重的后果就是导致瘫痪。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">　　</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">Q</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">：如何预防神经损伤？</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">　　截骨手术治疗脊柱侧弯过程中，为了预防神经损伤，常常采用神经监护和唤醒试验等措施。其中，神经监护相当于持续监护感觉神经。正常情况下，神经在显示屏上有一个电流波幅。手术中如果医生碰到神经，显示屏上的波幅会产生刺激信号，提示医生要避开这个位置。另外，医生也可以主动发送一个电信号，例如把电信号从头传到脊柱的肌肉处，如果这条通路顺畅，说明神经没有受到损伤。在脊柱侧弯手术中，有神经监护保驾护航，肯定安全很多。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">　　至于唤醒试验就是让麻醉师减少麻醉剂量，降低麻醉深度，手术中让患者苏醒大约十几秒。这期间让患者活动手脚，如果活动自如说明没有伤及神经。之后麻醉师会加药，让患者再次睡过去。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">　　神经监护和唤醒试验都属于后知后觉的预防方式，只能验证神经是否受损，给手术中的医生一个提示，让医生及时作出调整，但不能完全预防。其实，最佳预防措施仍然是使用手术导航设备。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">　　</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">Q</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">：如果术中伤及神经，还有救吗？</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">　　当术中伤及神经时，仍然有一些补救措施。一般手术中会用一些药物，如大剂量的激素冲击进行补救。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">　　术后神经损伤分为完全损伤和不完全损伤。手术后患者有一条腿不能动，但仍有知觉，这种属于不完全损伤。经过一段时间治疗后，基本可恢复；但如果患者既不能动也没有知觉，这种往往属于完全神经损伤，最后神经可能恢复不了。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">　　</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">Q</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">：脊柱侧弯手术出血量大吗？会导致大出血吗？</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">　　脊柱侧弯手术出血量多少与是否采用截骨手术有关。如果不采用截骨手术，出血量大约为</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">300</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">～</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">400</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">毫升。但现在有自体血回输设备，手术中出的血通过这种设备，有一半都能回输到自己体内，这时就不需要输入其他人的血液。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">　　而如果采用截骨手术，术中出血量大约为</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">800</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">～</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">1000</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">毫升，同时术后为了防止局部组织水肿和出血造成的压迫，通常需要用引流管引流出部分血液，这时往往需要输血。值得注意的是，由于有自体血回输设备，即便是截骨手术，出血对于全身的影响也较小。此外，脊柱侧弯手术中大出血的现象已经非常罕见，患者不必担忧。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">　　</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">Q</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">：对于严重的脊柱侧弯，手术治疗对心肺功能有影响吗？</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">　　有脊柱侧弯时，患者心肺都会受到压迫。脊柱侧弯矫正后，胸廓的容积增加，不少患者表示，手术后原来憋气、气喘的症状消失了，这些都是心肺功能改善的表现。因此，脊柱侧弯手术后，不会影响心肺功能，反而会让其得到改善。</span></p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1897,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1488031073805,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1488031073803,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"2163","isDel":0,"createAt":1488034899056,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"脊柱侧弯成s形腰部疼痛","content":"<p><span style=\"color: #333333; font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', Helvetica, 'microsoft yahei', simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: #fcfcfc;\">男,21岁。脊柱侧弯成s形，保持一个姿势半小时以上腰部开始疼痛。去306吴主任不建议手术</span>，<span style=\"color: #333333; font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', Helvetica, 'microsoft yahei', simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: #fcfcfc;\">现在怎么缓解腰疼？</span></p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1603,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1488034899057,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1488034899056,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"2058","isDel":0,"createAt":1488031883158,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"导致脊柱侧弯的五个常见因素","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 3px; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 3px; margin-left: 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　一、遗传因素：特发性脊柱侧凸的流行病研究表明，脊柱侧弯患者的家族中，脊柱侧弯的发生率高于普通人群。虽有不少资料证明，遗传因素在特发性脊柱侧凸，发生发展中的作用，但对其具体遗传模式尚不明了。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 3px; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 3px; margin-left: 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　二、胸部病理性脊柱弯曲：幼年患化脓性或者是结核性胸膜炎，患肋胸膜过度增厚并且发生挛缩或者在儿童期施行胸廓成形术，扰乱了脊椎在发育的期间的平衡。均可引起脊柱弯曲。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　三、骨质疏松性脊柱弯曲：骨质疏松椎骨变形，从而椎骨间隙不等宽，会造成脊柱弯曲。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　四、姿态性和功能性脊柱弯曲：往往由某种不正确的姿势所引起，常在学龄期儿童发现。这类脊柱弯曲畸形并不算是严重的、当患者平卧或用双手拉住单杠悬吊的时候。畸形可自动消失。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　五、神经病理性脊柱弯曲：由于脊髓灰质炎、神经纤维瘤、脊髓空洞症、大脑性瘫痪等，使肌肉的张力不平衡所致。患者发病年龄愈小，弯曲畸形也愈严重。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1996,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1488031883159,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1488031883158,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"type2":[{"id":"7133","isDel":0,"createAt":1510108294212,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":1525857050014,"updateBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"良药苦口","userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"专家向您解答  脊柱侧弯会引起哪些并发症","content":"<p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">脊柱侧弯不仅影响患者的形体美观，还伴随着疼痛，给患者的生活带来巨大影响。柱侧弯是一种脊柱的三维畸形，包括冠状位、矢状位和轴位上的序列异常。正常人的脊柱从后面看应该是一条直线，并且躯干两侧对称。如果从正面看有双肩不等高或后面看到有后背左右不平，就应该怀疑是</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">脊柱侧弯</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">。脊柱侧弯要是治疗不及时，可能会引起并发症。</span></p><p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1510108583621.jpg\" title=\"专家向您解答  脊柱侧弯会引起哪些并发症\" alt=\"专家向您解答  脊柱侧弯会引起哪些并发症\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%;\"><font face=\"宋体\">&nbsp;</font></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">1、脊柱侧弯导致肋骨走行的改变，使胸腔横断面变扁，结果胸腔容积变小，肋骨的改变又使附着其上的呼吸肌的功能障碍，久之，胸壁变得僵硬，呼吸费力，终极可引起呼吸肌疲乏。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">2、脊柱侧弯畸形严峻的患者，肺内小气道和毛细血管床可发生扭曲，呼吸及血循环阻力增加，血气交换不足，进而出现肺动脉专家压甚至肺心病。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">3、脊柱侧弯导致胸腔内脏改变，主要是肺脏和心脏的功能改变，由于脊柱弯曲，椎体旋转，引起胸廓畸形及呼吸肌疲劳，肺扩张相应受限。肺功能障碍后，可导致缺氧，低氧血症又可引起血球体积增大，进而导致血粘度增高，微循环阻力加大，肺动脉压升高，右心负荷加大。严重者最后可导致心肺功能衰竭。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">4、脊柱侧弯导致椎管的改变，由于脊柱弯曲，生理曲线消失，椎管变形，使脊髓及神经根弛张不一，脊髓偏离椎管中央，常偏向凹侧，紧贴凹侧椎弓根旁，因而畸形加重，可产生脊髓受压或神经根牵拉。也可引起腰背及四肢某部位知觉减退。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">5、脊柱侧弯导致椎骨的改变，椎骨的畸形是脊柱侧弯的基本病理改变，除先天性弯曲外，脊弯患者常随弯曲的加重而产生椎体两侧或椎体前后的高度不等，整个椎骨向后旋转。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">6、脊柱侧弯导致椎间盘改变，椎间盘的形态随着椎体的楔变而楔变。在凸侧椎间盘增厚，纤维环层次增多，而凹侧间盘变矮，纤维环变薄，而髓核移向凸侧。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">7、脊柱侧弯导致肋骨与胸廓的改变，随着椎骨的旋转，肋骨一侧隆起一侧凹陷，凸侧的肋椎角变锐，而凹侧的肋椎角增大，胸廓畸形。肋骨本身也常由扁平形改变为三角形。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%;\"><font face=\"宋体\"></font><br/></p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1592,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1510108294214,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1510108294214,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"3889","isDel":0,"createAt":1488032521629,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"孩子早期脊柱侧弯夏季易发现","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">　　夏季孩子衣衫单薄，是最易识别早期脊柱侧弯的时候，此时应多加留心观察孩子身形是否有异。站姿、坐姿不对也可能导致孩子脊柱侧弯。家长应教导孩子勤做护脊运动、监督其保持正确的坐姿和站姿。</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">　　<strong><span style=\"color:#333333\">不良坐姿、站姿可致脊柱侧弯</span></strong></span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">　　正常孩子在身体笔直、双肩平行时，脊柱不会有任何弧度和弯曲，如果向左向右弯，就应怀疑有脊柱侧弯，如果测量出弯曲的角度大于</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">10</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">度，就可以诊断为脊柱侧弯。</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">　　<strong><span style=\"color:#333333\">严重时可发展为</span></strong></span><strong><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;;color:#333333\">“</span></strong><strong><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;color:#333333\">剃刀背</span></strong><strong><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;;color:#333333\">”</span></strong></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">　　有的孩子腰背部不平整、有的则表现为双侧肩膀不等高，还有的是脊柱偏离中线，只要父母足够细心，在夏天孩子衣衫单薄的情况下，很容易早期发现问题。如果病情发展到较严重的程度，孩子会出现背部明显突起乃至扭曲畸形，特别是其向前弯腰时，会形成锋利的</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">“</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">剃刀背</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">”</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">。</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">　　脊柱侧弯的病因有多种，包括先天性、神经源性、肌源性和特发性。特发性现在非常多见，即病因不清楚。青少年特发性脊柱侧弯最常见，约占</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">80%</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">的比例，患者大部分为高年级小学生及初中生，女孩比男孩多。</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">　　<strong><span style=\"color:#333333\">少女害羞导致含胸含背</span></strong></span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">　　据介绍，不良坐姿、站姿和运动不当也是造成青少年脊柱侧弯的重要原因之一。研究发现，青少年脊柱侧弯的发病机理源于腰椎。有资料显示，一名小学生一天在学校平均要坐</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">4</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">个小时</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">;</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">中学生则高达近</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">6</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height: 200%;font-family:宋体\">个小时。如此长时间坐着，倘若坐姿不良，对正在发育的青少年脊柱的影响将非常之大。</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">　　除此，少女发育期害羞心理导致含胸含背、书包设计失当造成站姿错误等，都在不知不觉中让青少年滑向脊柱侧弯的深渊。</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">　　家长可从学习、生活习惯入手进行改善，如教导孩子勤做护脊运动、监督其注意正确的坐姿和站姿、选择有护脊功能的书包等，都能有效预防孩子出现脊柱侧弯。</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">　　<strong><span style=\"color:#333333\">可累及孩子生长发育</span></strong></span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">　　专家介绍，轻度的脊柱侧弯畸形患者多无症状，既不影响身体健康，也不影响学习和工作。但如不及时治疗，部分病人会成为重度脊柱侧弯。而青少年脊柱侧弯往往进展迅速，如果发现不及时可能累及生长发育，导致心肺等人体重要器官功能受影响。严重者会出现胸闷、心慌、口唇发紫、食欲减退等表现，不仅影响正常的学习生活，连寿命也会打折。</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">　　此外，脊柱畸形还会妨碍青少年心理健康成长，不少患者甚至出现社交障碍。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1872,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1488032521630,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1488032521629,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"3657","isDel":0,"createAt":1488032067134,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"怎样尽早发现孩子脊柱侧弯","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">　　人体的脊椎自头颅至骨盆有正常的弯曲，这使得直立的人类可保持适当的排列与平衡。从侧面观察，颈椎向前弯曲（前凸），胸椎与肋骨向相反的方向向后侧弯曲（后凸），下腰椎又弯向前方（前凸）。脊柱的完整性和固有的平衡是由椎体和椎间盘一起组成的。</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">　　但是随着年龄的增长，两个密切相关的进程同时出现了。首先，柔韧而可以吸收震荡的椎间盘逐渐失去了水份而开始萎缩变小，甚至有些年老患者还会完全塌陷。椎间盘有助于保持脊柱的弯曲，塌陷后则会导致脊柱的弯曲消失，姿势前倾。老年关节炎患者的脊椎会变得僵硬，上下不能补偿来维持身体平衡。</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">　　与此同时，老年人或多或少会出现骨质疏松症，骨质疏松可以使椎体软化，即使轻微的外伤也会造成压缩性骨折。也有些老年人可能没有任何病征，但椎体会在塌陷或成角的状态下愈合，进一步使得脊椎失平衡。这种脊柱畸形尤其常见于脊椎的中段或胸椎部分，但不管发生在哪里，脊椎的曲度增加都被称为后凸畸形。</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">　　<strong><span style=\"color:#333333\">怎样早期发现孩子有脊柱侧弯</span></strong></span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\"><strong><span style=\"color:#333333\"><br/></span></strong></span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">　　由于早期的脊柱侧弯引起的外观异常并不明显，因此难以及时发现。但是大多数患有脊柱侧弯的孩子身材瘦长，并可有以下表现：</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\">　　<span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">、直立状态下向前弯腰时，孩子两侧背部不等高；</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\">　　<span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">、领口和双肩不平；</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\">　　<span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">3</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">、一侧后背异常隆起；</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\">　　<span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">4</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">、女孩双乳发育不对称；</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\">　　<span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">5</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">、腰部一侧有皱褶；</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\">　　<span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">6</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">、两侧髋部不等高；</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\">　　<span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">7</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">、两侧下肢不等长。</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">　　如果发现孩子有这些异常时，家长应给予足够的警惕，最好到孩子到骨科或康复医学科就诊，以诊断或排除脊柱侧弯。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1837,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1488032067136,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1488032067134,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"2798","isDel":0,"createAt":1488031966900,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"如何早期发现孩子脊柱侧弯？","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">　　对于脊柱侧弯较明显的青少年患者，会出现站立时躯体不对称、双肩不等高、弯腰时双侧背部不对称、一侧胸部出现皱褶皮纹等情况。值得注意的是，许多患者是在青春期出现脊柱侧弯，这个年龄的孩子可能会在洗澡、换衣服的时候避开家长，因此不易发现。另外，脊柱侧弯的男女发病比例约为</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">：</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">7</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">，因此青春期少女及其家长应特别注意观察。</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">　　要想早期发现青少年脊柱侧弯，应该重视青少年的定期体格检查。发现脊柱侧弯最简单的初查就是前屈试验，这是诊断脊柱侧弯的重要方法。受检者脱去上衣，双脚站直立于平地上，双手自然下垂对掌，置于双膝之间，然后弯腰</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">90</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">度。如果出现两侧背部或腰部不等高，俗称</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">“</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height: 200%;font-family:宋体\">剃刀背</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">”</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">，则说明有脊柱侧弯。如果在前屈试验中找到了</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">“</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height: 200%;font-family:宋体\">可疑体征</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">”</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">，就应该去医院进一步检查，尽早明确诊断，及早得到正确规范治疗，切勿听信吊单杠、按摩正脊、佩戴矫正器等无效甚至是错误的治疗宣传，以免延误病情。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1551,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1488031966902,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1488031966900,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"2389","isDel":0,"createAt":1488032779633,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"脊柱侧弯早期都有哪些症状","content":"<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　脊柱侧弯发病率比我们想象的要高。据</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">2013-2014</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">年一项针对广州市</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">21.5</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">万名初一至初三学生进行的脊柱侧弯初步筛查结果显示，广州市脊柱侧弯患病率为</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">5.1%</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">，值得庆幸的是，九成多还只是轻度侧弯。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">儿童坐姿不对容易得脊柱侧弯</span></strong></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　筛查算是将轻度的患者都找了出来，而实际上，很多家长并不能最快发现孩子发病，直到孩子已经出现外观畸形，比如脊柱向一侧（通常是右侧）凸起，伴有胸背部隆起、躯干倾斜等畸形。这类畸形，轻者影响患儿美观，产生心理障碍；重者由于影响胸廓发育，甚至可致呼吸困难等，最终心肺衰竭危及生命。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　脊柱侧弯经常在</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">10-14</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">岁之间的青少年中发现，因为这一时期，是人的一生中第二个生长高峰，脊柱生长也较快，原本轻微的脊柱侧弯此期加重也较快，对于这个年龄段的青少年应特别注意。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　发现脊柱侧弯，很多家长怪罪孩子，以为是他们坐姿不正、长时间低着头弯着腰看手机、玩电脑，长期驼着背耸着肩走路、趴桌歪颈懒散学习等惹的祸。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　但事实上，姿势不良往往只是脊柱侧弯的诱因，更多更典型的结构性脊柱侧弯其实病因不明，当中七成是青少年特发性脊柱侧弯。有些病史对诊断很有帮助，如神经纤维瘤病病人的侧弯为遗传性疾病，先天性脊柱侧弯往往伴有先天性心脏病、泌尿系统畸形、神经系统病变等。除了常规的外观检查之外，神经系统的检查是必不可少的，观察是否有感觉、运动障碍。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">早期脊柱侧弯症状有哪些？</span></strong></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　患者肩和骨盆的倾斜，长期不对称姿势，优势手、下肢不等长，肌肉凸侧组织紧张，凹侧组织薄弱、被牵拉。从脊柱侧弯症状表现来看，这种疾病的危害是很大的，脊柱侧弯如不能及时发现和治疗，则很大一部份病人的病情，将会发展加重，平均每月加重</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">1~2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">度，特别在生长发育旺盛期，脊柱侧弯发展更快。脊柱侧弯的危害，如听任畸形发展，最终可形成严重脊柱侧弯。导致躯干严重畸形。两肩高低不平，背部隆起的</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">&ldquo;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">剃刀背</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">&rdquo;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">，一侧胸廓塌陷。一侧隆起，骨盆倾斜和陂行。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　有时病人自觉晨起时腰部僵硬感，活动后可以缓解；有时则表现为足跟痛等肌腱、韧带骨附着点炎症，约半数以上病人还可表现有不对称的四面关节炎症以及肌肉的酸痛。其后的缓解期常可无任何临床症状，有时可持续数年，特别女性患者。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　脊柱早期症状比较隐匿，可有厌食、低热、乏力、消瘦和贫血等全身症状，少数病例可有长期低热和关节痛，酷似风湿热表现，以高热、外周关节等急性炎症表现者也不罕见。此类病例多为年龄较轻者，且常伴有消瘦、盗汗等症状。局部症状常表现为腰骶疼痛，常为隐痛，有时也发生在劳累或损伤之后；</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　常伴有脊柱的旋转畸形和矢状面上生理弯曲的变化，胸廓、肋骨、骨盆、下肢的长度也会随之变化，严峻的病例，会影响到呼吸功能、心脏变位，甚至发生截瘫。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\">&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1733,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1488032779635,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1488032779633,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"1712","isDel":0,"createAt":1487689104554,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"脊柱侧弯自测","content":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"1487689167518.jpg\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1487689167518.jpg\" alt=\"timg (24).jpg\" /></span></p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">孩子脊柱健康居家自测&nbsp;<br /> 　　&nbsp;正常人的脊柱从背面看是直的，如果脊椎向左侧或向右侧偏离了这条直线，并超过10&deg;，即称为脊柱侧弯。早期的脊柱侧弯引起的外观异常并不明显，尤其是穿着衣服时不易被发觉。大多数孩子的脊柱侧弯都是由家长在孩子洗澡或是衣服穿着较少时发现。因此，家长应多观察孩子的生长发育情况，可以给孩子做一些居家自测，有如下列症状应看医生。&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><br /> <strong>身体评测：</strong></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><strong><br /></strong> 　　1　直立前弯时，腰或背部一侧较高；&nbsp;<br /> 　　2　肩膀不等高，后背不对称，后背有隆起。&nbsp;<br /> 　　3　是否领口不平，一侧肩部比另一侧高。&nbsp;<br /> 　　4　坐立时，腰部一侧是否有皱褶，而另一侧没有。&nbsp;<br /> 　　5　用手触摸背部脊柱的棘突，其连线不在一条直线。&nbsp;<br /> 　　6　让孩子露出腰背部立正站好，从后面观察双侧肩部、肩胛骨、腰凹、骨盆，是否肉眼能看到不对称或脊柱有侧弯。<br /> 　　7　一侧髋部比另一侧高，两侧下肢不等长等。&nbsp;<br /> 　　8　女孩的双乳是否发育不均匀。&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">其他症状评测：</span></strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><br /> 　　1　孩子多汗，平时情绪不稳定，喜欢发脾气&nbsp;<br /> 　　2　出现眼睛疲劳，视力下降。&nbsp;<br /> 　　3　出现颈部肌肉僵硬，经常落枕，经常头痛。&nbsp;<br /> 　　4　走路时感觉像&ldquo;踩棉花&rdquo;一样。&nbsp;<br /> 　　5　手持物品时握不稳，会突然落下。&nbsp;<br /> 　　6　没有外伤的情况下，孩子常说腰、背、腿痛。&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 150%;\">&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1814,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1487689104555,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1487689104554,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"1343","isDel":0,"createAt":1488032659905,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"青春期脊柱侧弯表现","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 3px; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 3px; margin-left: 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　专家建议家长，无论学校是否进行脊柱畸形的筛查，都应该更多地关注孩子，不能等待学校、医生发现脊柱畸形的体征。如发现下列征象，应警惕：</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　一侧髋部比一侧高，腰部不对称，弯曲的凹面看起来比凸面高；</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　一侧肩膀比另一侧明显突出或</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">&ldquo;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">增大</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">&rdquo;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">，通常右侧肩高较为多见；</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　领口不平，一侧肩部比另一侧高；</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　女孩双乳发育不均等，左侧的乳房往往较大。（但正常女性有</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">30%</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">存在两侧乳房不对称的情况，应加以区别。）</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　无论是在站立时，还是向前弯腰时，从背后都看到脊柱两侧的腰背轮廓不平整对称，出现一边高于另一边的现象。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　<strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">　呼吁</span></strong></span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">&middot;</span></strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">学习或运动都该考虑孩子的身体特点</span></strong></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　老师反映：学生坐得太久，高矮不分的桌椅不利学生脊柱发育</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　近视眼、脊柱侧弯和心理健康，这是医院专家总结的青少年成长三大问题。近视眼和心理健康这些年在社会各界的关注下</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">&ldquo;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">上镜率</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">&rdquo;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">颇高，脊柱侧弯却在人们的疏忽中成为危害花季少年健康成长的</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">&ldquo;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">隐秘杀手</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">&rdquo;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　据了解，美国的政府部门通过相关法律，要求学校每年春秋两季为学生进行专门的脊柱体检。在厦门，学生每年一次的常规体检中包括了脊柱检查，但是家长对孩子的检测结果并不重视。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">&ldquo;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">除去激素、遗传等病理原因之外，不良坐姿和运动不当是造成青少年脊柱侧弯的重要原因之一。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">&rdquo;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">思明区医院一名骨科医生说。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　有资料显示，一名小学生一天在学校平均要坐</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">4</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">个小时；一名中学生则将近</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">6</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">个小时。如此长时间坐着，倘若坐姿不良，对身体正在发育的孩子的影响是难以估量的。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　一位长期在教育一线的老师说，现在许多老师要求学生注意坐姿端正，往往是从预防近视眼的角度考虑的，而几年、十几年规格不变，前排、后排高矮不分的桌椅对学生脊柱的不利影响，却被忽略了。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　与过去相比，如今的中小学生身材普遍高而胖，成天坐在与身体不配套的桌椅上，弓着腰、侧着身写字的情景就不稀奇了。还有的家长热衷于让孩子参加各种兴趣班，结果因运动不当导致脊柱侧弯。这些兴趣班的教学过程中，如何针对中小学生身体尚未成熟的特点进行必要的防护，尚需全面的考虑。</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1763,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1488032659907,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1488032659905,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"metaSearch":{"description":"为您提供:脊柱侧弯症状、女性脊柱侧弯的危害、如何预防脊柱侧弯、脊柱侧弯的矫正法病友的治疗经验等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"脊柱侧弯症状_女性脊柱侧弯的危害_脊柱侧弯的矫正法_如何预防脊柱侧弯","title":"脊柱侧弯症状_女性脊柱侧弯的危害_脊柱侧弯的矫正法_如何预防脊柱侧弯","channels":{"病友社区":{"description":"病友您提供:脊柱侧弯论坛_脊柱侧弯病友交流平台，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"脊柱侧弯论坛_脊柱侧弯病友交流平台","title":"脊柱侧弯论坛_脊柱侧弯病友交流平台","channels":null},"治疗":{"description":"为您提供:脊柱侧弯自我矫正法_小孩脊柱侧弯怎么补救等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"脊柱侧弯自我矫正法_小孩脊柱侧弯怎么补救","title":"脊柱侧弯自我矫正法_小孩脊柱侧弯怎么补救","channels":null},"症状":{"description":"为您提供:先天性脊柱侧弯症状_脊柱侧弯有什么症状等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"先天性脊柱侧弯症状_脊柱侧弯有什么症状","title":"先天性脊柱侧弯症状_脊柱侧弯有什么症状","channels":null},"并发症":{"description":"为您提供:脊柱侧弯的危害_脊柱侧弯有哪些危害等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"脊柱侧弯的危害_脊柱侧弯有哪些危害","title":"脊柱侧弯的危害_脊柱侧弯有哪些危害","channels":null},"饮食":{"description":"为您提供:脊柱侧弯吃饮食什么好_脊柱侧弯吃什么钙片好等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"脊柱侧弯吃饮食什么好_脊柱侧弯吃什么钙片好","title":"脊柱侧弯吃饮食什么好_脊柱侧弯吃什么钙片好","channels":null},"病因":{"description":"为您提供:脊柱侧弯是怎么造成的_引起脊柱侧弯的原因等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"脊柱侧弯是怎么造成的_引起脊柱侧弯的原因","title":"脊柱侧弯是怎么造成的_引起脊柱侧弯的原因","channels":null},"病友求助":{"description":"为您提供:小孩脊柱侧弯怎么办_儿童脊柱侧弯怎么办等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"小孩脊柱侧弯怎么办_儿童脊柱侧弯怎么办","title":"小孩脊柱侧弯怎么办_儿童脊柱侧弯怎么办","channels":null},"预防":{"description":"为您提供:如何预防脊柱侧弯_脊柱侧弯的预防与治疗等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"如何预防脊柱侧弯_脊柱侧弯的预防与治疗","title":"如何预防脊柱侧弯_脊柱侧弯的预防与治疗","channels":null}}},"focus":0,"type1":[{"id":"7137","isDel":0,"createAt":1510108927191,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":1525857487256,"updateBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"良药苦口","userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"诊断脊柱侧弯要做哪些检查","content":"<p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">脊柱侧弯，</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">如何诊断脊柱侧弯</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">？诊断脊柱侧弯要做哪些检查？下面介绍诊断脊柱侧弯的检查。</span></p><p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1510109245229.jpg\" title=\"诊断脊柱侧弯要做哪些检查\" alt=\"诊断脊柱侧弯要做哪些检查\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; line-height: 200%;\"><font face=\"宋体\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</font></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">1</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">、</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">直立位全脊柱正侧位像。照</span> X相时必须强调直立位，不能卧位。若患者不能直立，宜用坐位像，这样才能反映脊柱侧凸的真实清况。是诊断的最基本手段。 X像需包括整个脊柱。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">2</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">、</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">仰卧位左右弯曲及牵引像。反映其柔软性。</span> Cobb氏角大于90度或神经肌肉性脊柱侧凸，由于无适当的肌肉矫正侧凸，常用牵引像检查其弹性，以估计侧弯的矫正度及各柱融合所需的长度。脊柱后凸的柔软性需摄过伸位侧位像。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">3</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">、</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">斜位像。检查脊柱融合的情况，腰骶部斜位像用于脊柱滑脱、峡部裂患者。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">4</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">、</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">Ferguson像。检查腰骶关节连接处，为了消除腰前凸，男性病人球管向头侧倾斜30度，女性倾斜35度，这样得出真正的正位腰骶关节像。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">5</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">、</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">Stagnara像。严重脊柱侧凸患者(大于100度)，尤其伴有后凸、椎体旋转者，普通 X像很难看清肋骨、横突及椎体的畸形情况。需要摄去旋转像以得到真正的前后位像。透视下旋转病人，出现最大弯度时拍片，片匣平行于肋骨隆起内侧面，球管与片匣垂直。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">6</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">、</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">断层像。检查病变不清的先天性畸形、植骨块融合情况以及某些特殊病变如骨样骨瘤等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">7</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">、</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">切位像。患者向前弯曲，球管与背部成切线。主要用于检查肋骨。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">8</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">、</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">脊髓造影。并不常规应用。指征是脊髓受压、脊髓肿物、硬膜囊内疑有病变。</span> X像见椎弓根距离增宽、椎管闭合不全、脊髓纵裂、脊髓空洞症。以及计划切除半椎体或拟作半椎体楔形切除时，均需脊髓造影，以了解脊髓受压情况。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">9</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">、</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">CT和 MRI。对合并有脊髓病变的患者很有帮助。如脊髓纵裂、脊髓空洞症等。了解骨嵴的平面和范围，对手术矫形、切除骨嵴及预防截瘫非常重要。但价格昂贵，不宜作常规检查。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">10</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">、</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">X像阅片的要点</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">端椎：脊柱侧弯的弯曲中最头端和尾端的椎体。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">顶椎：弯曲中畸形最严重，偏离垂线最远的椎体。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">主侧弯即原发侧弯：是最早出现的弯曲，也是最大的结构性弯曲，柔软性和可矫正性差。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">次侧弯：即代偿性侧弯或继发性侧弯，是最小的弯曲，弹性较主侧弯好，可以是结构性也可以是非结构性。位于主侧弯上方或下方，作用是维持身体的正常力线，椎体通常无旋转。当有三个弯曲时，中间的弯曲常是主侧弯，芳有四个弯曲时，中间两个为双主侧弯。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">11</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">、</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">弯度及旋转度的测定</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">弯度测定：</span>(1) Cobb氏法：最常用，头侧端椎上缘的垂线与尾侧端椎下缘垂线的交角即为 Cobb氏角。若端椎上、下缘不清，可取其椎弓根上、下缘的连线，然后取其垂线的交角即为 Cobb氏角。(2) Ferguson法：很少用，有时用于测量轻度侧弯。找出端椎及顶椎椎体的中点，然后从顶椎中点到上、下端椎中点分别画二条线，其交角即为侧弯角。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">椎体旋转度的测定：</span> Nash和Mod根据正位X像上椎弓根的位置，将其分为5度。0度：椎弓根对称;I度：凸侧椎弓根移向中线，但未超出第一格，凹侧椎弓根变小;II度：凸侧椎弓根已移至第二格，凹侧椎弓根消失;III度：凸侧椎弓根移至中央，凹侧椎弓根消失;IV度：凸侧椎弓根越过中央，靠近凹侧。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; line-height: 200%;\"><font face=\"宋体\"></font><br/></p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1499,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1510108927193,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1510108927193,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"7134","isDel":0,"createAt":1510108468434,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":1525857159418,"updateBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"良药苦口","userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"专家向您解答  青少年脊柱侧弯的运动疗法","content":"<p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">脊柱侧弯对青少年的影响尤其大，但由于青少年身体各方面未成熟，有利于通过运动锻炼来预防或者质量脊柱侧弯。家长如果发现孩子的身体不对称的情况，像两侧肩膀不平衡、一侧肩胛骨比另一侧突出或者一侧盆骨高于另一侧，这时家长要高度警惕，孩子可能患上了脊柱侧弯。若没有及时治疗，孩子的侧弯会加剧，可能会影响心肺功能。所以各位家长要时刻注意，及早发现，及早治疗。青少年</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">脊柱侧弯可通过运动来治疗或预防</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">。</span></p><p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1510108769041.jpg\" title=\"专家向您解答  青少年脊柱侧弯的运动疗法\" alt=\"专家向您解答  青少年脊柱侧弯的运动疗法\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 200%;\"><font face=\"宋体\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</font></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">一、俯卧向前伸单臂。在垫子上俯卧挺身，使脊柱侧弯的另一例手全力前伸，同侧手后伸，同时做抬头挺胸动作。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">二、侧弯举：两脚并拢，上体朝凸起的一侧侧弯，来两手抓住树干，坚持</span>15秒，稍微停留后还原。注意身体保持侧倾，不可前倾。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">三、体转动作。两脚开立，扭转躯干，做向胸椎曲凸的同方向的体转运动。完成一次体转后，两臂轻置体侧，再重复上述动作（不要做另一方向的体转动作），在动作过程中强调双腿伸直，不要移动双脚，以免减低练习效果。重复</span>10～20次，共练习2组。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">四、持棒向侧上方摆动伸展。俯卧在垫子上，两手宽于肩距，持棍棒或绳子或毛巾，抬起胸部挺腹，弯曲胸椎曲凸面的另一侧手臂，伸直同侧面的手臂用力向侧凸面使劲做摆振式体侧动作，并同时使上体和两臂尽力向上抬起。如持绳子和毛巾，务必绷紧，不让其放松下沉。重复</span>10～20次，共练习2组。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">五、肋木是垂移握把。面对助木，直臂攀握悬垂身体，然后徐徐向左或向右摆动腰腿，同时顺势移动攀握肋木的双手。重复练习，不计次数。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">六、悬垂体侧摆。正面双手握单杠或肋木。两腿并拢，向左右侧摆，以使</span>“S”形的脊柱逐渐伸直。重复20～30次，共练习2组。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">七、单杠单臂悬垂运动。凹侧臂手握单杠悬垂</span>10～20秒钟，跳下休息1分钟，重复练习3～5次。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 200%;\"><font face=\"宋体\"></font><br/></p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1595,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1510108468436,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1510108468436,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"4093","isDel":0,"createAt":1488030825578,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"青少年肩膀一高一低，小心脊柱侧弯","content":"<p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1488031651770.jpg\" title=\"1488031651770.jpg\" alt=\"timg (24).jpg\" width=\"235\" height=\"193\"/></p><p><br/></p><p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　“医生，我家小志怎么走路肩膀一高一低，怎么回事？是得了什么病了吗？”刘妈妈急的满头大汗都顾不得擦一下。经过检查，发现这位小志同学已经出现轻度的脊柱侧弯。据小志自己述说，原来他上课喜欢侧趴着听课，回家看电视看书也是喜欢侧趴着，双肩包经常当单肩包用，医生指出这些日常不良的作息姿势，是造成小志脊柱侧弯的最大原因。&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"font-family:Arial, 宋体\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1488030979057.jpg\" title=\"1488030979057.jpg\" alt=\"timg (36).jpg\"/></span></span></p><p><span style=\"color:#ffffff\">中国论文网 http://www.xzbu.com/6/view-7111411.htm</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　青少年是脊柱侧弯的多发人群&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　笔者了解到，青少年是脊柱侧弯的多发人群，每年递增的30万脊柱弯曲人群中一多半是青少年。在脊柱侧弯人群中，特发性脊柱侧弯占脊柱弯曲的80%，男女比例约为1：8。目前，脊柱侧弯的病因还有待研究，但是，长期姿态不良是导致脊柱弯曲频发的重要原因。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　据有关调查资料，中小学生中伏案学习不正确姿势的约占总数的70%？80%，种种不良的姿势都容易使脊椎长时间处于屈曲位或某些特定体位，使颈、胸、腰椎前伸、前屈或侧弯。不仅使脊椎椎间盘内的压力增高，而且也使脊椎部的肌肉韧带长期处于非协调受力状态，如颈后部肌肉和韧带易受牵拉劳损，椎体前缘相互磨损、增生，再加上扭转、侧屈过度，更进一步导致损伤，加速了颈椎的蜕变过程而发生颈椎病，脊椎因长时间姿势不良而发生了侧弯。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　青少年脊柱侧弯除了在外形上对青少年有很大的影响外，还由于侧弯造成的胸廓变形，整个胸廓的发育受到了严重的影响，胸廓的容积变小，凹侧很小，心脏受到挤压，对心肺功能都有很大的影响。特别严重的，病人常会因氧饱和度不够而缺氧。身体的整体素质下降。最严重的情况到了后期会出现心肺功能衰竭。另外，除了生理上的影响，脊柱侧弯对青少年心理上的影响也很大。由于外形上的特殊原因，会遭到外界小朋友的嘲笑，在患者的心里留下心理阴影，容易让患者产生自卑感。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　家长多关心孩子，及时发现脊柱侧弯&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　每个脊柱侧弯的孩子表现并不一定相同，常见的表现有：一侧肩较另一侧高.一侧的肩胛骨较另一侧突出；腰部横纹不一样高；一些细心的家长能够发现孩子的胸背部或腰背部有一侧高起，女孩在穿裙子时裙摆不在同一水平线上，且一侧比另一侧明显偏高。如果有上述的一些表现，就要警惕是否有脊柱侧弯的可能。早期发现侧弯的最有效方法是：让孩子立正站立，然后双臂伸直掌心相对，慢慢向下弯腰，家长则站在孩子的背面仔细观察其背部，如有胸背部或腰背部两侧不对称，即一侧较另一侧偏高，就应该高度怀疑有脊柱侧弯。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　如果发现孩子有这些表现，就要立即去医院做站立位全脊柱 X线摄片―――这是目前对脊柱侧弯最确切的诊断方式，因为多数脊柱侧弯早期没有症状，发现时多以畸形为主要表现。&nbsp;</span></p><p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"font-family:Arial, 宋体\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1488030922284.jpg\" title=\"1488030922284.jpg\" alt=\"timg (34).jpg\"/></span></span></p><p><span style=\"font-family:Arial, 宋体\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px;\"><br/></span></span></p><p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　如何预防脊柱测弯&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　1.养成良好的姿势。主要强调的是坐姿和卧姿。坐着的时候，臀部要充分接触椅面，双肩后展，脊柱正直，两足着地。写字时头部略微前倾，两肩之间的连线与桌缘平行，前胸不受压迫，使头、颈、肩、胸保持微微绷紧的正常生理曲线。将桌椅高度调到与自己身高比例合适的最佳状态，避免头颈部过度后仰或过度前屈，以减轻长时间端坐引起的疲劳。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　睡觉的时候，要选好枕头，以中间低、两端高的元宝枕为佳，有利于保持颈椎前凸的生理体位。睡时以右侧卧为宜，侧卧时自耳到同侧的肩外缘的高度，以保持颈部的固有位置。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　2.学习间隙做些放松活动。中小学生低头学习20分钟，需抬头仰视2？3分钟；伏案学习30？40分钟，要起来走一走；学习1？2小时左右，可向左右转动头颈部数次，转动时应轻柔、缓慢，以达到该方向的最大运动范围为准。也可利用两张桌子，两手撑于桌面，两足腾空，头往后仰，坚持5秒钟，重复3？5次。有利于对脊椎的保健。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　此外，适度适度晒太阳、书包不要过重，枕头不宜过高等都是在日常生活中青少年要注意的细节，这样才能有效预防脊柱侧弯。</span><br/></p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1818,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1488030825580,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1488030825578,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"4003","isDel":0,"createAt":1487688937431,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"脊柱侧弯，家长的苦恼少年的痛——【找良医】","content":"<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height: 200%;font-family:宋体\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1487689713363.jpg\" title=\"1487689713363.jpg\" alt=\"timg (24).jpg\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height: 200%;font-family:宋体\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height:200%\"></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height: 200%;font-family:宋体\">　　脊柱侧弯起病隐袭，被视为“隐形杀手”，容易被家长们忽视。有的家长即使发现了孩子脊柱的异常。也会误认为是发育中的正常现象。有的孩子即使发现了自己的异常，也不敢告知父母。有的患儿病史长达数年。却未被发现，白白错失诊治良机。</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\"><br/></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\"> &nbsp;&nbsp;中小学生的脊椎发病率正在急速上升，它已成为继近视眼、心理健康之后青少年成长的第三大问题。中国儿童发展中心统计：我国儿童脊柱侧弯症的发病率高达</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">20</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">％。低龄甚至新生儿患脊柱侧弯的比例正在不断攀升。年龄越小对身心发育影响越严重，不但影响了形体美，脊柱侧弯严重的会压迫心脏等内部器官，对血液循环、呼吸等都将造成影响。如果不及时治疗将会导致残废和截瘫。有报道显示：</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">80</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">％的老年人脊椎侧弯症都源于儿童时期。</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;<br/> </span>　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height: 200%;font-family:宋体\">脊椎侧弯的原因</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;<br/> </span>　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height: 200%;font-family:宋体\">人体的脊柱是躯干的中轴和支柱，是下肢和上肢连接的枢纽，它具有支持体重、保持躯干的平衡、缓和震动和保护脊髓及内脏的功能，脊柱在出生后逐渐形成了三个生理变曲，即颈弯、胸弯和腰弯。颈弯和腰弯向前凸，脊柱从侧面看呈“</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">S</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">”型。由于脊柱周围有韧带加固，又有不同走向的肌肉群牵引和固定，使这根支柱具有弹性和柔韧性。</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;<br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">　　随着年龄的增长，支柱的弹性和柔韧性逐渐减退。</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">10</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">～</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">16</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">岁的少年由于生长发膏快，骨骼的钙化和肌肉力量都还处于发育过程，三个生理弯曲还没有完全定型。因此，这一时期，如果由于桌椅高低不适，长时间阅读书写姿势不正，脊柱处于侧弯状态，这种习惯性姿势，如不及时纠正，平时又缺乏体育活动，长期下去，即使取立正姿势，侧弯依旧存在，称为习惯性脊椎侧弯，再进一步发展就形成固定性弯曲。最常见的是脊柱向左或向右的侧弯和向后凸出的驼背。脊柱变形影响健康，使身体失去平衡，容易发生疲劳，有时会出现腰酸背痛、甚至腰椎肩盘突出等症状，个别严重的还可影响呼吸器官和内脏的发育。另外，引起脊椎侧弯的还有先天性、神经肌肉性疾病如小儿麻痹或脑性麻痹、外伤、炎症、结核、肿瘤。</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1678,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1487688937433,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1487688937431,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"2993","isDel":0,"createAt":1488025116527,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"脊柱侧弯的发生原因与治疗方法","content":"<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1488025333253.jpg\" title=\"1488025333253.jpg\" alt=\"timg (33).jpg\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">&nbsp;　人的脊柱，男性长约70厘米，女性长约65厘米，贯穿人体背部中央，作为人体的中轴，支撑着人的整个身体，维持人体健美曲线和左右对称的体形。人的脊柱一旦由于某种原因而偏离人体的中轴线时，就形成脊柱侧弯畸形。常见脊柱畸形有脊柱侧弯、脊柱后凸畸形，前者对青少年的危害更大，发病率较高，国内普查达到1.06‰，我国15岁以内患有脊柱侧弯的儿童达3亿多，影响很广。脊柱侧弯可使躯干严重变形，使心、肺功能发育障碍，严重影响青少年的身心健康，甚至丧失劳动力，所以防治脊柱侧弯是我国肢残康复工作的重要组成部分。&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"></p><p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1488025428629.jpg\" title=\"1488025428629.jpg\" alt=\"timg (34).jpg\"/></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\"><strong>造成脊柱侧弯的原因：</strong>&nbsp;</span><br/></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\"><br/> 　　(1)先天性的原因：如怀孕期第4～7周时胎儿的脊柱正在发育形成，此时胎儿的体内外环境发生紊乱，如母亲感冒、精神刺激或创伤等，即可导致脊柱发育畸形，所以应注意孕期保健。&nbsp;<br/> 　 （2）有些脊柱侧弯的原因还不太清楚，可能与遗传因素、营养因素等有关，称为特发性脊柱侧弯，约80％的病人属于此型。&nbsp;<br/> 　 （3）神经纤维瘤病性脊柱侧弯、脊髓空洞症、小儿麻痹与马凡氏综合症等所致的脊柱侧弯；&nbsp;<br/> 　 （4）脊柱结核和外伤也可引起脊柱侧弯，儿童期姿势不当和背书包方法不正确也会促进侧弯发展加重。&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\"><br/> <strong>目前的治疗方法:</strong><br/> 　 　手术治疗：我们用国外引进、改造和自行设计的各种器械，为国内外3000余例各种类型的脊柱侧弯进行了治疗。其中100度以上的严重脊柱侧弯――后凸畸形占1/3，几十例脊柱侧弯病例合并截瘫，均获得满意矫正；100度以内脊柱侧弯平均矫正率为68.8％，不少病例达100％矫正 ；术前平均畸形度120度的严重脊柱侧弯，平均矫正率为40％，术后身高平均增加6.2厘米，最多达12厘米。特别值得强调指出，我们所治疗病例无一例因手术原因发生死亡和截瘫；而法国报道的一组平均128度的脊柱侧弯病例中，死亡率高达5.6％，国际上报道脊柱侧弯治疗的截瘫发病率为4～6‰。&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\"></span></p><p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1488025892836.jpg\" title=\"1488025892836.jpg\" alt=\"timg (35).jpg\"/></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\"> 　 　非手术治疗：对于年龄小于15岁，畸形度小于50度的脊柱侧弯，我们采用非手术治疗方法。一是用脊柱侧弯矫正支具，二是在炎热的季节或炎热的地区不适合带支具者，用脊柱侧弯体表电刺激治疗仪。此仪器通过贴于体表皮肤上的电极板，输出矩形电刺激波对脊柱侧弯进行矫治，但其效果不如支具。我们用这两种方法治疗了几百例轻型脊柱侧弯畸形患者，收到了良好的效果，使一大批脊柱侧弯的病儿避免了手术治疗。&nbsp;</span><br/></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\"><br/> 　 　为了克服国外装置治疗脊柱侧弯时影响儿童脊柱运动和不长高的缺点,我们于1998年在国内外首先研制成新一代脊柱侧弯矫正装置――脊柱侧弯板棍矫正系统（PRSS），已获国家发明专利，并获2004年度“中华医学科技进步二等奖”。突破了国外方法在治疗脊柱侧弯需植骨融合影响小儿生长的框框，即能矫正脊柱侧弯又能允许小儿继续生长发育长高。在小儿骨发育成熟，取去内固定后，脊柱的形态和活动功能接近正常。PRSS以其容易放置，不易断棍脱钩，一般不会发生截瘫，矫正效果不亚于CDH，TSRH等欧美方法，领先于国内外先进水平，受到国内外一些学者的好评：2006年世界脊柱侧弯研究学会主席Akbarnia教授将PRSS命名为“中国生长棒”(Chinese Growing Rod)。其价格仅为进口装置的1/3（3-4万元），符合我国国情。&nbsp;</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1543,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1488025116529,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1488025116527,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"2919","isDel":0,"createAt":1488030692351,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"青少年脊柱侧弯不容忽视","content":"<p><strong><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">什么原因引起脊柱侧弯的？&nbsp;</span></strong></p><p><span style=\"font-family:Arial, 宋体\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px;\"><br/></span></span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　目前国际上都在研究这个问题，有的病人是先天性因素造成这个问题，有的病人是大脑瘫痪造成的脊柱弯曲，临床上有特发性脊柱侧弯大概占75～80%左右。这样所谓的特发性是原因不太清楚的，目前我们一些研究认为可能和遗传有一些关系，而且是多因素的遗传关系，但确切地是哪个基因或者DNA的变化引起脊柱侧弯目前还不清楚。&nbsp;</span></p><p><span style=\"font-family:Arial, 宋体\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px;\"><br/></span></span><strong><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">脊柱侧弯发病时期是什么时候？发病率又是多少？&nbsp;</span></strong></p><p><span style=\"font-family:Arial, 宋体\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px;\"><strong><br/></strong></span></span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　脊柱侧弯发病率我们更多地叫患病率，一般脊柱侧弯是1～3%左右。全国各地包括天津、广东相继作的调查患病率大概在1.5%左右，有的报告1.7%，有的2%，总的是1.5%左右。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　谈到这个患病率还要考虑怎么定义脊柱侧弯，我们一般是有一个测量的度数，如果超过10度就定为脊柱侧弯了，算在1.5%之内，如果是20度患病率比较大的，患病率是0.1%到0.2%左右。&nbsp;</span></p><p><span style=\"font-family:Arial, 宋体\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px;\"><br/></span></span><strong><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">孩子在哪个年龄段治疗效果比较好呢？&nbsp;</span></strong></p><p><font face=\"Arial, 宋体\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px;\"><br/></span></font><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　脊柱侧弯的发展趋势是很难确定什么时候会发展成什么样，0～3岁是生长发育高峰，第二个高峰是10～16岁，女孩子可能更早一点。在这个发育高峰期如果有侧弯发展是比较快的，所以这个时期病人做手术的比较多一点。判断病人要不要做手术一个是根据侧弯的大小，要不要治疗也是根据侧弯的大小和发展的速度。目前比较客观的方法就是根据随访。半年前发现病人有多少弯曲，这半年随访如果小孩发育比较快的时期弯曲加重明显，我们就要进行干预，否则任其发展会带来比较严重的后果。但是也有可能一部分侧弯发展缓慢，这部分病人我们进行随访观察，可能影响不是很大。&nbsp;</span></p><p><font face=\"Arial, 宋体\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px;\"><br/></span></font><strong><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">脊柱侧弯是不是可以不用手术用其他方法进行治愈？&nbsp;</span></strong></p><p><font face=\"Arial, 宋体\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px;\"><b><br/></b></span></font><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　16岁左右的孩子弯曲10～20度，这样的侧弯孩子发育比较好的，家长不要给孩子造成心理的压力，说侧弯造成什么麻烦。实际上这个侧弯如果不发展可能一辈子都不会带来心肺功能的障碍。但加重到30～40度了，可能就要通过一些方法进行干预，如果在25～40度之间一般通过支具以及保守治疗。&nbsp;</span></p><p><font face=\"Arial, 宋体\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px;\"><br/></span></font><strong><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">脊柱侧弯早发现早治疗对日后的治疗效果会有什么帮助？&nbsp;</span></strong></p><p><font face=\"Arial, 宋体\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px;\"><b><br/></b></span></font><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　大多数脊柱侧弯比如需要支具控制的时候还是能够得到控制的，在一定情况下也是可以避免手术的。</span></p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1595,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1488030692356,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1488030692351,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"1080","isDel":0,"createAt":1488026616428,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"警惕青少年脊柱侧弯","content":"<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1488026808027.jpg\" title=\"1488026808027.jpg\" alt=\"timg (24).jpg\" width=\"337\" height=\"280\"/></span></p><p><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　很多人都认为，颈椎病、肩周炎、腰间盘突出这些病都是中老年人的专利，其实，随着现代生活习惯的改变，围绕着脊柱产生的疾病，发病年龄也越来越提前。尤其是</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;;background:white\">“</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">青少年脊柱侧弯</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;;background:white\">”</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">这个对很多人来说陌生的疾病，也越来越靠近了我们的生活。据北京光明骨伤医院统计，近十年来，青少年脊柱侧弯的病人随年都在增加。尤其是最近几年，医院每年都要收治几十例这样的小病人，从五六岁到十七八岁的都有。看着他们本来应该是蹦蹦跳跳的年龄阶段，现在却像老年人一样行走困难，从家长到医生心里都很难过。</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;;background:white\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　目前医学对脊柱侧弯的成因，认为是青少年在发育过程中，下丘脑的松果体发育异常，导致神经肌肉发育异常，从而引发了脊柱侧弯的病症。至于为何这种病女性比例高于男性，就是说<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">“</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">青少年脊柱侧弯</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">”</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">为何更</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">“</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">青睐</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">”</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">女孩子，目前原因未明。从症状上看，</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">“</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">青少年脊柱侧弯</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">”</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">首先会影响病人的体态，会导致胸廓高低不对称、肩胛骨也高低不对称。引发一系列围绕脊椎的疼痛表现，因为脊柱的侧弯必定要扭曲相应的神经组织，从而导致病人头痛、失眠、记忆力减退，又引发精神层面的不良表现。很多</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">“</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">青少年脊柱侧弯</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">”</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">患者，在日常生活中表现出易烦躁、易焦虑、易疲劳的不良情绪。如果这种脊椎侧弯的情况不能得到很好的调整，随着年龄的增长，势必影响到心肺功能。通过临床治疗我们也发现，</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">“</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">青少年脊柱侧弯</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">”</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">发现的越早，治疗越早越彻底，预后状况也越好。早发现早治疗而且要彻底治疗，才不会把这个病带到青壮年时期去。</span></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　目前，治疗<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">“</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">青少年脊柱侧弯</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">”</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">的方案比较可靠，一般治疗流程如下：</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">※</span> <span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">理筋法</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">□ </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">膏摩药熨：用温经活血类的中草药，水煎，于脊柱两侧肌肉萎缩的部位进行膏摩药熨。每日一次，每次</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">30</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">分钟左右。药方为：透骨草</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">50</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">克、伸筋草</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">30</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">克、防风</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">30</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">克、当归</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">30</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">克、独活</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">30</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">克、赤芍</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">30</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">克、红花</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">30</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">克。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">□ </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">华佗夹脊骨空针调压法，加电针，加强刺激，以激发经气，促进血液循环，改善凹侧肌力。或加用远红外线、激光照射治疗。每日一次，每次</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">30</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">分钟。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">□ </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">推拿按摩，对肌肉萎缩部位行滚、按、推、拍等手法，进行肌肉萎缩恢复治疗。配合捏脊手法，以增强脾胃之气，中医认为脾胃为后天之本，对应肌肉的活力。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">※</span> <span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">腰大肌康复法</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">■ </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">腰大肌按摩法，于腰部肌肉进行康复性按摩手法，帮助萎缩的肌肉恢复活力。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">■ </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">腰大肌注射法，于萎缩侧腰大肌进行药物注射，以营养神经类药物为主，促进腰大肌的功能恢复。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">※</span> <span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">四维调曲法</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">□ </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">四维牵引法，选用</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">“</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">四维整脊治疗仪</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">”</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">进行四维牵引调曲法，每日</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">～</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">次，每次</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">20</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">～</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">30</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">分钟。用来调整腰椎曲度和调动腰大肌恢复活力。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">□ </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">正脊骨法，用胸腰旋转法、腰椎旋转法、挺胸端提法，以改善椎体旋转、侧弯。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　最后，我们特别强调，在治疗中的<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">“</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">练功康复</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">”</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">部分。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">“</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">理筋、调曲、练功康复</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">”</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">是治疗</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">“</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">青少年脊柱侧弯</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">”</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">症的三部曲，缺一不可，甚至可以说</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">“</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">练功康复</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">”</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">是</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">“</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">青少年脊柱侧弯</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">”</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">症预后是否良好的关键。所以在整个治疗过程中，医生都会亲自指导、教练患者每日进行两三次，每次</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">20</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">分钟左右的</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">“</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">健脊十八式操</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">”</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">的康复锻炼。通过观察我们发现，患者认真进行</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">“</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">练功康复</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">”</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">环节的话，整个疗程能缩短三分之一左右的时间。而且复发的几率也明显低于不认真进行</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">“</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">练功康复</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">”</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">环节的患者。</span></span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1789,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1488026616430,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1488026616428,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"1025","isDel":0,"createAt":1488025750998,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"宝宝脊柱侧弯是怎么回事","content":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"1488026112027.jpg\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1488026112027.jpg\" alt=\"timg (24).jpg\" width=\"404\" height=\"285\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　幼儿的生理和疾病的发生有其独特性,初为人父母者缺少养育经验,一旦碰到问题,往往会慌乱和不安。请不要先忙着下定论,让我们从中西医结合的角度分析一下宝宝的情况。&nbsp;<br /> 健康脊柱什么样?&nbsp;<br /> 　　健康的脊柱,包括颈椎、胸椎、腰椎和尾椎,从后面看脊柱应是直的,不应有弯曲;但从侧面看,健康的脊椎不是笔直的。宝宝的情况是怎样的呢?&nbsp;<br /> 　　新生儿时期,宝宝的脊柱仅轻微后凸;3个月能抬头时,出现颈椎前凸;6个月会坐时,呈胸椎后凸;1岁能行走时,出现腰椎前凸。脊柱形成上述3个自然弯曲有利于身体平衡。一直到6～7岁,这些自然弯曲才会被韧带所固定,长成和大人一样的脊椎形状。&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">关注&ldquo;坐爬期&rdquo;&nbsp;</span></strong></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><strong><br /></strong> 　　关于坐的问题&nbsp;<br /> 　　宝宝长到了六七个月大时,可以完成从翻身到坐起的连贯动作;坐得稳了,表示其骨骼发育、神经系统、肌肉协调能力等发育渐趋成熟。&nbsp;<br /> 　　需要特别提醒爸爸妈妈注意的是:这个阶段宝宝的脊椎骨尚未发育完全,如果长时间让宝宝坐着,容易形成脊柱侧弯,对生长发育不利。建议每天坐卧搭配,且尽量多靠坐。&nbsp;<br /> 　　多爬一定好吗?&nbsp;<br /> 　　八九个月时,适当地让宝宝爬行是有许多好处的。有时,宝宝会爬一爬、停一下、抬抬头,左右转一转,这样的举动对颈部的发育很有帮助。宝宝爬的时候,爸爸妈妈可以在其另一侧拍手或叫他的名字,引起他的注意,帮助他左右转头;如果地板太硬,可以给宝宝穿上护膝。&nbsp;<br /> 　　爬行好处多多, 但时间也不宜过久,约半小时就应让宝宝休息一下。如果宝宝的运动能力超强,爬行时大人要在旁边照看,以防意外碰伤的发生。&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">宝宝的脊柱为何会侧弯?&nbsp;</span></strong></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><br /> </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　脊椎侧弯症属于脊椎畸形,从致病起因来看,大致可以分为3大类:&nbsp;<br /> 　　上表中的先天性脊柱侧弯,是指胎儿的中胚层、外胚层发育异常造成的脊柱畸形。因胚胎期&ldquo;错误&rdquo;导致的脊柱畸形,可能合并其他器官的先天性疾患,如:先天性心脏病、先天性泌尿系统异常及肠道系统异常等,家长和医生都不能掉以轻心哦。&nbsp;<br /> 　　&nbsp;<br /><strong>脊柱侧弯宝宝的家庭护理&nbsp;</strong></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><br /> </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　如宝宝的脊柱为原发性侧弯,爸爸妈妈可以通过日常护理来帮助宝宝改善症状。&nbsp;<br /> 　　揉腹法&nbsp;<br /> 　　揉腹,可以帮助宝宝分泌生长激素,使骨骼发育更健全。&nbsp;<br /> 　　方法:给宝宝洗澡的过程中做手法,妈妈跟他说说话,一手托着宝宝的后背,另一手的手掌按顺时针方向揉按腹部。手法要轻柔、平稳,不宜过重或太快。&nbsp;<br /> 　　背部捏脊法&nbsp;<br /> 　　捏脊,有调理气血、通经培元、强身健体的功效,是常用而有效的保健方法。&nbsp;<br /> 　　方法:双手自下而上,沿宝宝的脊柱两侧轻轻提捏皮肤到大椎处,可以反复做5～10分钟,轻重及时间以宝宝舒适、不哭闹为度。&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">专家建议:&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><br /> </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　★3岁以前,先天性脊椎侧弯症的鉴别诊断,应与幼儿型的原发性侧弯相区别。&nbsp;<br /> 　　★当侧弯角度不大(Cobb角在20&deg;～35&deg;之间),可以使用背架治疗;如果侧弯角度较大,须做外科手术矫正。</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1963,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1488025751000,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1488025750998,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"type0":[{"id":"7154","isDel":0,"createAt":1510113340376,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":1525944673216,"updateBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"良药苦口","userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":" 11至14岁青少年更易患脊柱侧弯","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\"></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">根据了解，</span>11岁到14岁的青少年更容易发生脊柱侧弯，女孩子更是占了80%。孩子患上脊柱侧弯对于以后身体的发育极其不利，要</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">如何预防患上脊柱侧弯呢</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">？</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1510114238285.jpg\" title=\" 11至14岁青少年更易患脊柱侧弯\" alt=\" 11至14岁青少年更易患脊柱侧弯\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\"></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">据了解，脊柱侧弯症是指脊骨有不正常的弯曲，其中发病原因不明的称为特发性脊柱侧弯，是儿童青少年中最常见的脊柱畸形，在</span>10到16岁年龄段的发病率高达2%~3%，女生占80%。患者通常姿势不正，双肩不等高，严重的可能导致心肺发育不良，缩短寿命。进行诊断时，医生会观察病人是否有肩部或盆骨高度不对称及躯干偏移；病人向前弯曲时，背部会否隆起或突出；从侧面看时，患者会否偶尔失去正常的曲线。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">据介绍，脊柱侧弯早期临床表现隐匿，往往不易被家长发现。而且，儿童青少年正处于发育的高峰期，脊柱侧弯伴随生长发育有逐年加重的风险。因此，早发现，早治疗，十分重要。早期发现脊柱侧弯的存在，患者在疾病的早期得到合适的治疗，可减少后期手术的概率。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">如何预防脊柱侧弯</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">1、婴儿不要坐得过早。有的妈妈不明就里，当宝贝只有3-4个月龄时，就给宝贝裹着被子让他坐起来，一坐就好几个小时。长时间地用同一姿势坐着，婴儿脊柱周围的肌肉不够强壮，容易疲劳，无法支撑身体，容易埋下脊柱弯曲的隐患。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">2、青少年坐的姿势要正确，写字、看书时要坐正，不要歪着趴在桌面上，同时应适当地变换体位与休息，以免造成脊柱侧弯。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">3、学习的桌、椅的高低要合适。特别是老师也要仔细观察宝贝使用的桌椅，必要时进行相应的调整。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">4、很多父母会把孩子送到特长班学习，比如舞蹈班、乒乓球班等，以为这能培养孩子的身体素质，让身材更加挺拔。殊不知，在这些特色班的教学过程中，如何针对中小学生身体尚未成熟的特点进行必要的防护，实在需要全面的考虑，比如说对于乒乓球运动，脊柱侧弯就是最常见的“职业病”。长期保持一种舞姿，也有可能造成脊柱侧弯。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\"></span></span><br/></p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1535,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1510113340378,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1510113340378,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"7152","isDel":0,"createAt":1510112555391,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":1525944506010,"updateBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"良药苦口","userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"引起脊椎侧弯的原因有哪些","content":"<p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">脊柱侧弯多发生在青少年身上，轻微的会导致身体发育不良，使身体变形；严重的会影响到心肺功能，甚至是造成瘫痪。那么引起的</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">脊椎侧弯的原因</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">是什么？脊柱侧凸俗称脊柱侧弯，它是一种脊柱的三维畸形，包括冠状位、矢状位和轴位上的序列异常。正常人的脊柱从后面看应该是一条直线，并且躯干两侧对称。如果从正面看有双肩不等高或后面看到有后背左右不平，就应怀疑</span>“脊柱侧凸”。</span></p><p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1510112916919.jpg\" title=\"引起脊椎侧弯的原因有哪些\" alt=\"引起脊椎侧弯的原因有哪些\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><font face=\"宋体\">&nbsp;</font></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">这个时候应拍摄站立位的全脊柱</span>X线片，如果正位X线片显示脊柱有大于10度的侧方弯曲，即可诊断为脊柱侧凸。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">轻度的脊柱侧凸通常没有明显的不适，外观上也看不到明显的躯体畸形。较重的脊柱侧凸则会影响婴幼儿及青少年的生长发育，使身体变形，严重者可以影响心肺功能、甚至累及脊髓，造成瘫痪。轻度的脊柱侧凸可以观察，严重者需要手术治疗。脊柱侧凸是危害青少年和儿童的常见疾病，关键是要早发现、早治疗。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">那么引起脊椎侧弯的原因有哪些</span>?</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">1、神经瘫痪性脊柱侧弯。这种侧弯最主要的是脊髓前角灰质炎后遗症，其次有脑瘫后遗症等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">2、幼年患者的脓胸、结核性胸膜炎及在未成年患者胸壁上施行胸廓成形术，均可导致十分严重的脊柱侧弯。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">3、营养不良。佝偻病患者有发生脊柱侧弯的可能，且多发生在胸椎上段。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">4、神经刺激性脊柱侧弯。如腰突症等病。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">5、后天性下肢长短不齐者及放疗后的脊柱侧弯。婴儿由于某种疾病接受放射治疗，放射抑制了椎体的生长，这种抑制可能是严重的，因而可能引起严重的畸形。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><font face=\"宋体\"></font><br/></p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1523,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1510112555396,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1510112555396,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"7149","isDel":0,"createAt":1510111469031,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":1525944327922,"updateBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"良药苦口","userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"脊椎侧弯有哪些具体表现","content":"<p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">脊柱侧弯，顾名思义，</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">就是脊柱向侧方弯曲。</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">正常人的脊柱从正面看是直的，</span> </span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">脊柱侧弯</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">患者的脊柱则呈</span>“C”形或者“S”形弯曲。 在外观上可以表现为双肩不等高、双侧胸廓不对称、肩胛骨一侧隆起而另一侧凹陷或者腰部肌肉一侧饱满而另一侧空虚。 严重的脊柱侧弯除了明显影响外观，还会导致胸腔和腹腔的空间减小， 并引起心肺和消化道受压而出现相应的功能障碍。</span></p><p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1510112064582.jpg\" title=\"脊椎侧弯有哪些具体表现\" alt=\"脊椎侧弯有哪些具体表现\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><font face=\"宋体\">&nbsp;</font></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">脊柱侧弯的原因很多，大体可分为先天性和后天性。</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">先天性是指出生前在胎儿阶段就出现了脊柱发育异常。胚胎期脊柱发育的关键时期是妊娠第</span>5周和第6周，这是脊柱分节的时间。如果胎儿在此时期受到药物、病毒、理化等因素的影响，容易出现脊柱发育畸形。而后天性脊柱侧弯往往发生在青少年期，多于10岁以后发病， 患者中女孩明显多于男孩，尤其是弯度超过40度的患者中， 女孩占到90%以上。青少年脊柱侧弯的发病率约3%，即每一百个人中就有三个人患病， 但超过40度的脊柱侧弯的发病率要低很多，约为0.3%。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">青少年脊柱侧弯的发病原因尚不清楚，但总体来说并不会简单的因为坐姿睡姿不正或背书包的方式不对而出现。</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">而是有更加内在的原因，与发育异常、神经肌肉失衡、内分泌紊乱或平衡调节功能受损有关。目前尚无方法预测哪些人会出现青少年脊柱侧弯而哪些不会。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">如果家长发现孩子有肩膀或腰背部的不对称就应该警惕脊柱侧弯的可能性。应该带孩子到医院拍脊柱的</span>X线片以明确是否有脊柱侧弯。如果确有侧弯应该请医生测量角度。 通常来讲， 20度以内的侧弯只需锻炼和定期拍X线片观察; 20-40度的侧弯需要锻炼加支具治疗;而如果超过40度则需要考虑手术矫正。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">锻炼主要包括侧方弯腰、燕子飞和游泳。侧方弯腰，适合于</span>&quot;C&quot;形(单个弯曲)侧弯，如果是&quot;S&quot;形则不建议做(&quot;S&quot;形是指同时有胸弯和腰弯两个弯曲)。 向脊柱弯曲相反的方向弯腰以对抗侧弯。每天50-100个，分2-3组完成. 燕子飞， 可锻炼背部肌肉， 增加软组织平衡，每天50-100个， 分2-3组完成。至于游泳， 自由泳和蛙泳均可。 每天600-1000米</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">支具治疗必须由专业的技师量身定做。支具做好后佩戴</span>1个小时左右要拍片看支具矫正的效果，此时的效果就是支具矫正的效果，同时也可以感觉支具是否合适，如果觉得不适，可以让技师调整。支具每天必须佩带20-22个小时，包括睡觉得时候，只有在洗澡、运动的时候才可以不佩戴。 刚刚佩戴的时候，身体某些矫正作用处的皮肤会发红，需要家长每天给局部做热敷，并用润肤露按摩，避免磨伤皮肤。每半年需要拍片复查，了解矫正效果的维持。支具需要每年更换一次。如果隔一年拍片复查，需要提前4小时脱掉支具，如果发现侧弯加重超过10度，而且总的弯度超过40度，就要考虑手术了。支具一般需要佩戴到16岁， 女孩一般要佩戴到月经后3年。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">手术治疗就是在体内植入金属的钉棒支架，从而将弯曲的脊柱扶正并维持。</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">由于这种支架是钛合金的，</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">与自身组织无相互作用，所以在体内并不会产生不良反应，</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">也因此可以终身不取出。</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">即使由于某些原因而取出支架，已经矫正的脊柱也不会因为支架的取出而再弯曲，</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">因为手术置入支架的同时还进行了植骨术，</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">就是在脊柱背侧放置了颗粒骨，这些颗粒骨愈合后会将脊柱固定住。</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">换句话说，</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">术后半年左右金属支架就失去支撑脊柱的作用了，那时脊柱曲度的维持主要靠融合了的颗粒骨。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">脊柱侧弯的矫正不建议尝试瑜伽、按摩、牵引或者药物，成年人也不建议支具治疗。这些都是没有科学依据的，</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">已经有大量患者尝试并证明无效。常有中小型医院做这些治疗，</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">但往往只是出于商业目的而最终治疗效果非常有限。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">虽然有些患者有脊柱侧弯的家族史，但绝大多数患者并不会把侧弯遗传给下一代。</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">成年以后，</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">超过</span>25度的侧弯也是会缓慢发展的，以平均每年1度的速度发展。而且在两个年龄阶段会显著加重： 一是生育后1-2年： 脊柱侧弯并不影响怀孕和生育， 但怀孕和生育会使侧弯加重， 因为怀孕期间会出现韧带松弛，另外生育后常抱孩子导致脊柱负荷明显加重， 这两个因素都常导致侧弯度数明显进展; 二是60岁以后骨质疏松期，骨质疏松可削弱脊柱的强度， 在重力的作用下原有的侧弯会越来越弯。因此脊柱侧弯患者在这两个阶段要有意识的采取措施， 即生育后尽量少抱孩子， 40岁以后开始补钙， 50岁以后正规补钙。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><font face=\"宋体\"></font><br/></p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1546,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1510111469033,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1510111469033,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"7129","isDel":0,"createAt":1510107343522,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":1525771390072,"updateBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"良药苦口","userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"专家向您解答  什么是脊柱侧弯","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">脊柱侧弯：即脊柱侧凸是指脊柱在冠状面上一个或多个节段偏离身体中线向侧方形成弯曲。（一部或大部偏离躯干中轴线而凸向一侧）多半还伴有脊柱的旋转和矢状面上后凸或前凸，增加或减少肋骨和骨盆的旋转倾斜畸形以及椎旁的韧带肌肉的异常，它是一种症状或</span> X 线征。</span></p><p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1510107421536.jpg\" title=\"专家向您解答  什么是脊柱侧弯\" alt=\"专家向您解答  什么是脊柱侧弯\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　&nbsp;</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">引起的脊柱侧凸的原因较多，其中特发性脊柱侧凸是最常见的，其原因不明确，约占全部脊柱侧凸的</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">70</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">%左右，它好发于青少年，尤其是女性，常在青春发育前期发病，在整个青春发育期快速进展。成年期则缓慢进展，有时则停止进展。由于多数脊柱侧凸的病因不明，患者有时还伴有神经系统，内分泌系统以及营养代谢的异常。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">脊柱外形改变脊柱及某些内脏的功能亦受影响。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">脊柱的正常曲度：胎儿及刚出生的婴儿脊柱只有一个向后凸的曲度～个月会抬头时颈段脊柱发生向前弯曲站立或步行时腰部脊柱前凸椎体形状无变化只是椎间盘发生变形于是形成四个生理性曲度：颈曲腰曲前凸胸曲盆曲向后凸正常情况下脊柱无向侧方的弯曲病理情况下可产生侧凸生理性曲度也受影响而随之变化。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">脊柱侧凸的病因和分类：</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">脊柱侧凸的病因有多种约％病因不明被称为原发性</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">姿势性脊柱侧凸多见于学龄前儿童由姿势不正所致站立时脊柱的一段常凸向左侧向前弯腰或平卧后侧凸自行消失</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">原发性或特发性脊柱侧凸属结构性脊柱侧凸多于岁左右出现以后逐渐加重～岁时开始发病发展缓慢容易矫正岁以后椎体次级骨化中心加速发育侧凸畸形的发展也加快。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">神经性或麻痹性脊柱侧凸曾患脊髓灰质炎多发性神经瘤病脊髓空洞症大脑性瘫痪或脑脊膜膨出等患者由于躯干一侧肌肉瘫痪两侧肌力不平衡致脊柱向患侧或健侧凸出另外四肢瘫痪或上胸椎损伤所致截瘫者久坐后亦会发生脊柱侧凸。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">先天性脊柱侧凸脊椎发育不全半椎体畸形等可致脊柱侧凸其发病年龄较小。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">5、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">其他如先天性多发性关节挛缩胸腔病变或不适宜的胸廓改形术脊柱退变性疾患亦可引起脊柱侧凸。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\"></span></span><br/></p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1410,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1510107343524,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1510107343524,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"2914","isDel":0,"createAt":1488032409863,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"13岁女生双肩不等高胸部不对称 竟是脊柱侧弯","content":"<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　石家庄市第三医院昨天对外发布信息，一妈妈带女儿上街买新衣物时，发现女儿双肩不等高，到医院检查，原来是因为脊柱侧弯。专家说，如不重视早期脊柱侧弯，弯度特大可致截瘫。</span></p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif';\">&nbsp;</span>　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif';\">13</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">岁的小依（化名）是一位初一女生，妈妈有一天陪她上街买衣物时，突然发现孩子双肩不等高，以为是孩子平时背书包或坐姿不正引起的。半年后，小依妈妈发现即使改善坐姿，小依的双肩仍不一样高，遂带其到石家庄市第三医院脊柱外科就诊。经医生查体发现，小依不仅双肩不等高，胸部也不对称。通过进一步站立位全脊柱</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif';\">X</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">线检查，确诊为脊柱侧弯，行支具治疗，并辅以适当的功能锻炼，最终获得满意的矫形结果。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\">　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif';\">&ldquo;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">许多孩子因为家长缺乏对此病的认识，延误病情，得不到及时有效的治疗，使后续治疗变得复杂化。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif';\">&rdquo;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">石家庄市三院脊柱外科赵正琦说，正常人的双肩应该一样高，脊柱从前后方向看都是直立的，没有偏斜，如果孩子出生后发现后背长毛、色素斑或者有包，要怀疑有无脊柱畸形。如果发现孩子行走时双肩高低不平或下肢不等长、臀部两侧不对称，应怀疑有脊柱侧弯。当然轻微的脊柱弯曲，由于站立姿势的原因所致的不属病态。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　赵正琦介绍，家长发现孩子脊柱侧弯后，往往只重视孩子的外观上的变化，其实最严重的危害不仅是外观上的变化，还有由于脊柱侧弯本身和外观变化以后带来的心理上的影响。脊柱侧弯的进一步发展，会使胸廓、肋骨、骨盆，下肢的长度随之发生相应的变化，严重的患者，可导致胸腔容积减少，肺活量减少，从而引起呼吸功能、心脏功能下降，甚至弯度特大致截瘫。脊柱侧弯畸形还会改变内脏的正常位置</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif';\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">影响植物神经系统的功能</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif';\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">在临床上出现各种表现。由于体形外观难看，有些患儿常常不愿意与其他孩子交往，不喜欢公共场合，性格孤僻，喜欢独来独往，不能融入集体生活，长期发展就会出现严重的心理疾患。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1706,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1488032409864,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1488032409863,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"lyBar":{"id":"1808","isDel":0,"createAt":1483430776588,"createBy":"system","createName":"system","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"name":"脊柱侧弯","type":102,"twoCode":"http://zhao01.com/zly_img/zly_wx.jpg","image":null,"provinceId":null,"cityId":null,"illId":"4448cca2badb11e6a61c00163e04584d","hospitalId":null,"keyWord":null,"totleTopic":0,"barDesc":null,"discussBarType":null,"metaSearch":"{\"channels\":{\"病友社区\":{\"description\":\"病友您提供:脊柱侧弯论坛_脊柱侧弯病友交流平台，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"脊柱侧弯论坛_脊柱侧弯病友交流平台\",\"title\":\"脊柱侧弯论坛_脊柱侧弯病友交流平台\"},\"治疗\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:脊柱侧弯自我矫正法_小孩脊柱侧弯怎么补救等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"脊柱侧弯自我矫正法_小孩脊柱侧弯怎么补救\",\"title\":\"脊柱侧弯自我矫正法_小孩脊柱侧弯怎么补救\"},\"症状\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:先天性脊柱侧弯症状_脊柱侧弯有什么症状等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"先天性脊柱侧弯症状_脊柱侧弯有什么症状\",\"title\":\"先天性脊柱侧弯症状_脊柱侧弯有什么症状\"},\"并发症\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:脊柱侧弯的危害_脊柱侧弯有哪些危害等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"脊柱侧弯的危害_脊柱侧弯有哪些危害\",\"title\":\"脊柱侧弯的危害_脊柱侧弯有哪些危害\"},\"饮食\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:脊柱侧弯吃饮食什么好_脊柱侧弯吃什么钙片好等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"脊柱侧弯吃饮食什么好_脊柱侧弯吃什么钙片好\",\"title\":\"脊柱侧弯吃饮食什么好_脊柱侧弯吃什么钙片好\"},\"病因\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:脊柱侧弯是怎么造成的_引起脊柱侧弯的原因等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"脊柱侧弯是怎么造成的_引起脊柱侧弯的原因\",\"title\":\"脊柱侧弯是怎么造成的_引起脊柱侧弯的原因\"},\"病友求助\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:小孩脊柱侧弯怎么办_儿童脊柱侧弯怎么办等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"小孩脊柱侧弯怎么办_儿童脊柱侧弯怎么办\",\"title\":\"小孩脊柱侧弯怎么办_儿童脊柱侧弯怎么办\"},\"预防\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:如何预防脊柱侧弯_脊柱侧弯的预防与治疗等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"如何预防脊柱侧弯_脊柱侧弯的预防与治疗\",\"title\":\"如何预防脊柱侧弯_脊柱侧弯的预防与治疗\"}},\"description\":\"为您提供:脊柱侧弯症状、女性脊柱侧弯的危害、如何预防脊柱侧弯、脊柱侧弯的矫正法病友的治疗经验等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"脊柱侧弯症状_女性脊柱侧弯的危害_脊柱侧弯的矫正法_如何预防脊柱侧弯\",\"title\":\"脊柱侧弯症状_女性脊柱侧弯的危害_脊柱侧弯的矫正法_如何预防脊柱侧弯\"}","adInfo":null},"zlyBar":{"id":"1808","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"name":null,"type":0,"twoCode":null,"image":null,"provinceId":null,"cityId":null,"illId":null,"hospitalId":null,"keyWord":null,"totleTopic":0,"barDesc":null,"discussBarType":null,"metaSearch":null,"adInfo":null},"herfList":[],"forumUserFocusBar":{"id":null,"isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"barId":null,"barName":null,"barType":0,"webType":0,"userType":0},"days":0,"dataCache":{"ad":[{"name":"","content":"","url":"www.baidu.com","img":"http://www.01luntan.com/ly_img/book-yl.jpg"},{"name":"","content":"","url":"www.baidu.com","img":"http://www.01luntan.com/ly_img/book-yl.jpg"}],"row0_01":[{"name":"","content":"","url":"https://www.zhao01.com/news/bbs/30258","img":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1702281952092.jpg"}],"row0_02":[{"name":"状腺疾病的临床诊治","content":"","url":"www.baidu.com","img":"http://img0.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=3069164470,1397462178&fm=206&gp=0.jpg"},{"name":"惊人病例：Infliximab 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