{"type5":[],"type4":[{"id":"5516","isDel":0,"createAt":1502442344233,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"专家告诉你气胸怎么治疗，气胸的护理都有哪些讲究","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">气胸怎么治疗需要结合患者本身情况来制定合理的治疗方案，而气胸的护理又明显要比其他疾病护理更讲究些。阅读完本文，将会为您揭晓答案。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"气胸怎么治疗，气胸的护理都有哪些讲究\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502442465256.jpg\" alt=\"气胸怎么治疗，气胸的护理都有哪些讲究\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">气胸怎么治疗</span></strong></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　吸氧在处理气胸中的非常重要，但又经常被忽视。如果不吸氧，气胸每天的吸收率大约</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1.25</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">％，</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">25</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">％气胸量大约需要</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">20</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">天完全吸收。如果患者采取吸氧措施，吸收率基本可以提高</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">～</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">4</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">倍。气胸量大时吸收率增加更为明显。这是因为吸氧提高了胸腔和组织之间气体的气体压力梯度，在促进氧气吸收同时，也促进了胸腔内其它气体的吸收。值得注意的是，发生气胸后，患者多半伴有通气／灌注比例失调、解剖分流与死腔，在施行引流术以后，通气灌注比例可暂时发生恶化，在</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">30</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">～</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">90</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">分钟后才会明显改善。吸氧是气胸治疗的最基本措施，通常吸氧量为</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">升／分钟。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　排气治疗应该结合患者本身的肺压缩程度及原发病的性质、范围，气胸的类型等因素来进行综合考虑。经过严格选择，无呼吸困难，气胸量小于</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">15</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">％的小型气胸可采取单纯观察方法，让其自行吸收。在这过程中，监测气胸进展，避免延误病情，如果需要可以进行安置胸管。肺压缩明显、病情危重者可采取紧急简易排气措施，对反复抽气呼吸困难、不能缓解的患者，可以采取闭式引流排气等措施。反复气胸发病的患者，胸腔引流加药物或手术的方法，达到破裂的肺泡粘连的目的，也将具有一定得效果。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">气胸的护理需讲究</span></strong></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　患者采取半坐半卧位非常重要，不要过多移动患者，避免用力咳嗽，必要时可以服用止咳剂，务必避免胸膜破裂口增大或者已闭合的裂口再度裂开。有条件的患者可以吸氧治疗，氧流量一般在</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\"> 3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">升／分以上。对于积气量较大的患者或者原来已有广泛肺部疾病，病人不能平卧。如果侧卧方式，气胸患侧就应该在上，以减轻气急。胸痛剧烈患者，可以采取止痛措施。如果病情危急，可以在患侧锁骨中线外</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1cm</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">和第二肋间隙交界处插入一根消毒针头，进行紧急排气减压，然后火速送往医院进行抢救。在此期间，应该密切观察患者的神志、面色、呼吸、心率、血压等变化。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1022","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":2133,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1502442344237,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1502442344237,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"5499","isDel":0,"createAt":1502091614630,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"儿童哮喘的家庭护理，支气管哮喘病人的护理也适用哦","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">儿童哮喘与支气管哮喘病人</span></strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">的正规治疗非常实用，但是在接受正规治疗的同时，采取恰当的家庭护理措施对治疗的效果起着非常重要作用，这是相关专家总结的<strong>儿童哮喘的家庭护理措施，支气管哮喘病人的护理</strong>也适用哦！</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"儿童哮喘的家庭护理，支气管哮喘病人的护理\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502091911189.jpg\" alt=\"儿童哮喘的家庭护理，支气管哮喘病人的护理\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　１．保持居室空气流畅，阳光充足。冬要暖，夏要凉，并且通风效果好。避免接触特殊气味。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　２．饮食尽量偏清淡，富有营养也很重要，尽量避免食用生冷油腻辛辣酸甜以及海鲜鱼虾等容易过敏的食物。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　３．对待儿童患者，家长要多注意患者心率、脉象的变化，预防哮喘大发作的发生。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　４．<strong>儿童哮喘与支气管哮喘病人应当</strong>进行适当的体育锻炼，可以选择游泳、气功、太极拳、散步、慢跑、医疗体操等运动。其中以游泳最佳。尽量避免避免剧烈运动。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　５．远离过敏原和或其他诱因，当病人已知有明确的过敏原时，一定要远离过敏原。气候变化，肺部感染等诱因也需要预防。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　６．<strong>儿童哮喘与支气管哮喘病人</strong>保持精神愉快心境平和，情绪稳定。树立战胜哮喘的信心对治疗效果有着相当大的影响，避免产生紧张情绪，克服自卑心理，积极配合各种治疗。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　７．<strong>儿童哮喘与支气管哮喘病人</strong>可以根据自身情况采取中药、针灸、按摩、敷贴等方法进行适当治疗。</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1022","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1803,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1502091614631,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1502091614631,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"1964","isDel":0,"createAt":1486647604191,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"肺气肿的日常护理操作步骤","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　肺气肿患者应该合理使用抗生素。患者滥用抗生素现象普遍存在，错误地认为抗生素能预防感冒。实际上多种抗生素交替或错误配伍使用可致使产生菌群失调及致病菌耐药，增加了条件致病菌甚至是霉菌感染的机会，加大了治疗难度。患者应改变错误认识，病情缓解期间应尽量少用或不用抗生素，或按医嘱用药。患者通常咳痰无力，这时如单纯使用镇咳药物，痰液不能排出反而会加重病情。所以，按医嘱服药十分重要。在日常中可以做一些锻炼来达到康复的目的。具体的方法如下：</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　(1)首先学会平静的腹式呼吸，可采用诱导呼吸法。坐于舒适的位置，思想集中，放松紧张的呼吸肌，一手按上腹部。呼吸从呼气开始，呼气时腹部下陷。再用手轻轻地按压上腹部以增加腹压，帮助横膈上抬，在吸气时，上腹部对抗该手所施加的压力而徐徐隆起。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　(2)这种腹部的隆起和下陷简称为吸鼓、呼瘪。为了使气体能顺利地呼出，要采取经口的吹笛样呼气法，即呼气时将嘴唇收缩成吹笛状，使气体通过缩窄的口形慢慢吹出，这样可使气道内的压力提高约5厘米水柱，避免了细支气管的过早闭塞。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　(3)吸气时则要经过鼻腔，使空气经鼻腔的湿润、加温、过滤和吸附，以减少对气管的刺激。吸气时间要比呼气长1～2倍，但不要憋气。憋气可增加肺内压力，对肺气不利。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　(4)在练好腹式呼吸的基础上，可做呼吸体操。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　第一节，压腹呼吸：自然站立，两手叉腰，拇指在后，四指在前。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　(1)呼气时，主动收腹，两手四指加压于腹部，同时两肘关节向前靠拢，以约束胸部。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　(2)吸气时，两肩向后扩胸，以增加肋骨活动幅度。重复两个八拍。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　第二节，压腿盘膝：</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　(1)左腿向左侧前方跨出一步成左弓箭步，重心在中，两手扶左膝。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　(2)重心向前落于左足，向下压腿。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　(3)有节律地重心前后移，重复八次；换右腿，方法同上，亦重复八次。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　(4)然后两腿并拢微屈膝，作膝绕环运动，左右方向绕，各重复八次。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　注意：老年者常有下肢无力症状，作本节在于增加下肢力量。压腿深度和膝绕环的幅度，都要根据患者的具体情况，逐步增大。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　第三节，单举呼吸：自然站立，两手于腹前平屈，手心向上，手指相向。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　(1)吸气，一臂经腹、胸上举，翻掌成托掌，臂紧贴头侧，尽量向上。另一臂手心转向下，同时贴体侧下伸，用力下压。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　(2)呼气时还原。换另一臂上举，做法同上。重复做四个八拍。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　注意：呼吸应为腹式，呼气时尽量收腹，两臂要伸直。此节活动在x光线下观察，横膈活动可增加1厘米。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　第四节，抱球：两腿分立与肩同宽，半蹲成骑马式。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　(1)两手在右边做抱球状，体向右转，同时重心右移，右手在上。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　(2)体向左转，到左边后再换左手在上，右手在下，同时重心左移。作四个八拍。全身要放松，上体转动时要以腰为轴，臂腿腰的动作要协调、缓慢，呼吸要自然。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　第五节，托天呼吸：自然站立，两手于腹前平屈。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　(1)两手向上伸直，手心向上，如托天状。以腰为轴，向左旋腰。共做八次。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　(2)向右旋腰，共做八次。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　注意：此节是通过腰部活动防治老年性的腰背酸痛。旋转速度要慢，幅度逐步增大。头部不要旋转，以防头晕。一定要腰部转动，所以有腰部的挺前凸后的动作，避免以髋关节为主的活动。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　第六节，蹲式呼吸：自由站立，两足并拢。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　(1)下蹲时呼气，足跟不离地，同时两手扶住膝关节，肘关节在外。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　(2)起立时吸气，同时两手侧平举。共做两个八拍。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　注意：下蹲深度随病人的可能而定，对不能下蹲者，可作前屈体动作。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　第七节，甩打：放松，自然站立。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　(1)上体以腰为轴，同时以腰带动肩再带动两臂放松摆动，当腰向左转动的瞬间，带动左前臂和手甩打腰背部(命门穴附近)，右前臂和手甩打腹部。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　(2)腰向右转动的瞬间，带动左前臂和手甩打腹部，右前臂和手甩打腰背部。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　注意：在甩打时两臂要放松如鞭，随腰转动而用臂和手用力甩打，不是用手拍打。全身肌肉必须放松，随着甩打，两下肢微作一起一伏的动作，要有节律，轻重要适宜。它既是全身性活动，又可增加腰背肌和腹肌的肌张力，还可改善腹背部的血液循环。反复各做八次。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　第八节，捺腹呼吸：自然站立。</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1022","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1666,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486647604192,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486647604191,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"1760","isDel":0,"createAt":1486647580842,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"哮喘吃什么食物比较好","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　生活中有很多食物都是哮喘的克星，哮喘病人常吃可以避免疾病的复发。哮喘吃什么食物比较好，下面就介绍一些哮喘病人可以吃的食物。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　1.大豆及其制品</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　如豆浆，豆腐等对哮喘病人有益，过敏者严禁食用。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　2.多吃一些蛋白质含量高的食品</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　如鸡蛋，牛肉，瘦肉，鸡，鱼等，可以补充因哮喘而消耗的蛋白质，增强抵抗力。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　3.维生素A对防治哮喘有益</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　维生素A在动物食品中含量最多，如肝，蛋黄，奶油，黄油等，忌优质过大，哮喘病人不能多吃。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　4.老年人应该多吃绿叶菜和橙黄色菜类</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　这些菜含有丰富的胡萝卜素，胡萝卜素可以转变成维生素A。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　5.药粥可和胃健脾，益肺润燥</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　煮粥时加入百合，芝麻，栗子，秋菊。菊花和胡萝卜等&ldquo;药食两兼&rdquo;，能收到益肺润燥，滋补强身的效果。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　哮喘不能吃什么食物</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　1、奶及奶制品</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　牛奶及奶制品含有甲种乳白蛋白、乙种乳球蛋白和酪蛋白等多种致敏成份，可诱发哮喘。一般经高温煮沸处理后，其变应原性可明显减弱。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　2、禽蛋类</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　鸡蛋、鹌鹑蛋、鸭蛋、鹅蛋和鸵鸟蛋等蛋清中的卵白蛋白是诱发哮喘的主要成份。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　3、海产品及水产品</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　鱼类、虾类、蟹类、鱿鱼、贝类和蚌类等海产品及水产品均可诱发哮喘，而且变应原通常耐热，即使熟食也常常诱发哮喘。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　4、水果类</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　易引起哮喘的水果类食物主要包括桃子、苹果、葡萄、柿子、樱桃、香蕉、芒果、杏、枣、菠萝和草莓等。</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1022","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1534,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486647580844,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486647580842,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"1140","isDel":0,"createAt":1486647507696,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"老人得了肺结核怎么办","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 8px 0px; overflow: hidden; color: #000000;\">　　老人患肺结核怎么办？有些老人知道自己患有肺结核后就不愿与亲友来往，害怕家人会被传染，因此家属在照顾肺结核老人时一定要注意老人的心理变化，下面就一起来看看护理肺结核老人的4个要点。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 8px 0px; overflow: hidden; color: #000000; text-align: left;\">　　（1）注意补充营养</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 8px 0px; overflow: hidden; color: #000000;\">　　老年肺结核患者一般全身功能较差，往往存在营养不良。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 8px 0px; overflow: hidden; color: #000000;\">　　在抗结核药物治疗的全过程中，机体的组织再生修复过程比较缓慢，病程迁延不愈。因此，在积极进行治疗的同时，家人应对老年人进行精心护理和照顾，尽量使患者的居室阳光充足、空气清新、环境优美卫生，为患者提供一个安静、舒适的治疗场所。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 8px 0px; overflow: hidden; color: #000000;\">　　（2）注意老人的心理卫生</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 8px 0px; overflow: hidden; color: #000000;\">　　有些老年人患上肺结核以后，自以为能够传染给他人，不愿与亲友来往。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 8px 0px; overflow: hidden; color: #000000;\">　　原来亲密无间的孙子、孙女也有意与老人相隔离，再加上患病带来的压力，都使老年人倍感抑郁和孤独，从而加重病情。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 8px 0px; overflow: hidden; color: #000000;\">　　因此，必须注意患者的心理卫生，让他们保持乐观情绪，培养业余爱好，如绘画、书法、弹琴、听轻音乐等，以陶冶情操，增强战胜疾病的信心。对于痰菌已转阴，一般情况较好的患者，也可参加一些力所能及的工作，这样既锻炼毅力，又有利于疾病的康复。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 8px 0px; overflow: hidden; color: #000000;\">　　（3）注意补充热量、蛋白质、维生素</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 8px 0px; overflow: hidden; color: #000000;\">　　老年肺结核患者由于疾病的消耗、胃肠功能紊乱，容易引起营养不良。为了维持正常机体生理功能，必须摄入足够的营养素，肺结核病人每天大约需要2400～3000千卡热量。结核病人的基础体温，约比健康人要高1℃，体内代谢消耗也比健康人多出20%。肺结核病人每天每千克体重需要1.5～2克蛋白质食物，比正常人需要稍多一些。优质蛋白质以乳类、蛋制品、豆制品、鱼类和瘦肉等为主。脂肪以植物油为主。另外60%～70%的热量主要由大米、面粉、玉米、豆类，薯类等食物供给。同时还需补充丰富的维生素，如A、B、C、D等，纤维素也是重要的营养素，所以病人要经常吃一些新鲜蔬菜和水果。修复是指将病变的组织，加以吸收和重新弥补的意思。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 8px 0px; overflow: hidden; color: #000000;\">　　鳗鱼和牡蛎是肺结核病人食疗的佳品。牡蛎中含有磷酸钙，对修复病变的组织有利。甲鱼肉有促进结核病病变吸收和钙化的功能。大蒜和百合，也是肺结核病人经常吃的食物。此外，肺结核病人应该戒烟、戒酒。祖国医学认为，辣椒、生葱、胡椒等刺激性强的食物病人也不宜多吃。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 8px 0px; overflow: hidden; color: #000000;\">　　（4）适当运动</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 8px 0px; overflow: hidden; color: #000000;\">　　老年肺结核病情稳定后，可适当地参加体育活动，如散步、慢跑、气功、太极拳、保健操等，这样既改善呼吸功能，又有增强体质，促进肺结核病灶的修复，有利于早日康复。</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1022","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":2143,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486647507698,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486647507696,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"4060","isDel":0,"createAt":1486647412860,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"病毒性肺炎吃什么好","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　治疗病毒性肺炎饮食疗法是个不错的选择，无毒害且无副作用，那么病毒性肺炎吃什么好呢？请看看下面的介绍。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　食疗方：</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　材料：柚子肉5瓣，白菜干60克，北芪15克，猪瘦肉250克。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　做法：诸药共煲汤服食，每日1剂，分两次服。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　材料：百合50克，薏米200克</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　做法：加水5碗，煎成3碗，分3次服，每日1剂。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　材料：核桃仁、冰糖各30克，梨150克</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　做法：共绞碎，加水煮服。每次1匙，每日3次。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　材料：杏仁10克(去皮尖打碎)，鸭梨1至2个，冰糖适量。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　做法：先将鸭梨切块去核，与杏仁同煮，梨熟加入冰糖，代茶饮用。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　患者吃什么好?</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　①吃高营养容易消化的饮食。主食可吃米饭、面条、馒头、面包等，副食多吃肉、鱼、蛋、家禽和豆制品。一般每日早餐加鸡蛋1只，午、晚餐 各加肉类2-3两。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　②发高热、食欲不振可吃半流质饮食，如大米粥、包子、馄饨等。副食如肉糜炖蛋、肉圆、蒸鱼等，每2-3小时吃1餐，每日6餐。也可吃流质如 牛奶、豆浆、米汤、麦乳精、藕粉、肉汤、鸡汤、炖蛋等，每日6餐。因流质供应热卡与营养素不足，故不宜长期采用。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　③多吃清热生津的瓜果，如梨、西瓜、黄瓜、冬瓜、荸荠、桔柑等。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　患者不适宜吃什么?</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　忌食辛辣、过咸食物。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　戒烟、酒。</p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1022","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1719,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486647412861,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486647412860,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"3718","isDel":0,"createAt":1486647376081,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"感冒怎么办 远离感冒牢记这八点","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　感冒对于我们每一个人来说都应该比较熟悉了吧，感冒虽然算不上什么大病，也不会给人们带来生命危险，但是感冒的发生却还是会影响到人们的工作跟学习。所以在我们平时生活中一定要积极的预防感冒的发生，下面我就给大家介绍一下远离感冒的八个要点：</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　1、勤洗手：微生物学家称，预防流感或者普通感冒的第一原则就是勤洗手。洗手的时候，用一般的肥皂就可以了，抗细菌的肥皂并没有我们想象中的好。用手搓出泡沫后，双手小心地相互擦手背、手心、指甲内外和四周、指尖、虎口位置，最少揉搓20秒钟才冲水。必要的话，还可以用含酒精60%的洗手液。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　2、湿化空气：有研究发现，流感病毒在湿润的空气中难以生存。科学家们现在还不知道其中的缘由，不过有这样一种可能：携带病毒的水汽在干燥在空气中会迅速收缩，病毒飘散在空气中的时间会变长，存活更久。但是在湿润的空气里，有些水汽因为过于沉重就会迅速飘落到地面上。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　3、少喝酒：发表在英国《BMC免疫学》杂志一项研究显示，过度饮酒之后，一天内酒精削弱白细胞抗病毒能力。白细胞是人体血液中非常重要的一类血细胞，它在人体中担负许多重任，具有吞噬异物并产生抗体的作用，抗御病原体入侵的能力，对疾病的免疫抵抗力等。在感冒和流感猖獗的季节，一天喝一杯酒就足量了，喝太多，就越容易招惹感冒病毒。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　4、不要依赖维生素C：也许我们以前读过有关维生素C治疗感冒的信息，但这并不是事实。维生素近几十年来都被商家炒作，标榜为抗感冒的良药。但是没有一项研究表明维生素C抗感冒或流感的功效。与之相反的是，很多研究发现，如果你已经得了感冒，维生素C对促进康复没有一点效果。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　5、保持充足的睡眠：美国《内科学文献》发表曾研究显示，如果我们的日常睡眠时间少于7个小时，那么比起那些睡眠时间不少于8个小时的人，我们患流感的危险增加两倍。如果睡眠不足，我们体内可能会分泌过多的细胞因子。这种细胞因子会让身体出现各种感冒病症。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　6、多吃含抗氧化物质的食物：色泽鲜艳的水果和蔬菜常常富含抗氧化物质，例如各种浆果类，豆类等。这些物质能有效抵抗损坏人体免疫的自由基。有规律显示，水果或蔬菜的色泽越鲜艳，含有的抗氧化物质越多。除此之外，喝绿茶可以降低感冒发病率，缩短病程。因为茶叶中的茶多酚有助于抑制和抵抗病毒菌，对病原菌、病毒有明显的抑制和杀灭作用。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　7、喝杯咖啡：如果不幸被流感侵袭，不用怕，喝杯咖啡放松一下吧。很多治感冒和流感的药物都含有减充血作用的咖啡因。另外，常见感冒药都含有食用色素和防腐剂，但有机咖啡里面可没有这些物质。不过加糖的时候要注意，因为感冒时食用太多糖可能会破坏免疫系统。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　8、喝鸡汤吃大蒜：鸡汤似乎是天然的消炎药，可以减轻诸如鼻塞、咽喉疼痛和咳嗽等感冒基本症状。而吃大蒜也能让人少患感冒。这种神奇的成份是什么?是蒜素，就是使大蒜具有辛辣口味的复合物，它与维生素B1结合可产生蒜硫胺素，具有消除疲劳、增强体力的奇效。</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1022","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1427,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486647376083,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486647376081,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"type3":[{"id":"5533","isDel":0,"createAt":1502704519434,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"肺炎治疗效果如何，看协和医院专家怎么说","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　早春空气仍然有些凉，是万物复苏的季节，但也是肺炎的高发季节，那么<strong>肺炎治疗</strong>效果怎么样呢？</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　肺炎治疗效果如何？</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　青霉素使肺炎的发病率和死亡率大大降低，已知病原菌的获得性肺炎死亡病例中，肺炎总死亡率为</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">10%</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">。。肺炎治疗效果不好的原因主要包括以下几个方面：</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"肺炎治疗效果\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502704752323.jpg\" alt=\"肺炎治疗效果\" width=\"600\" height=\"426\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、年龄因素：过小或过老，特别是</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">岁以下及</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">60</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">岁以上群体中；血培养阳性；病变范围大；周围血白细胞计数＜</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">5000/ml</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">；</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp; &nbsp;2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、其他基础疾病：有其他疾病存在</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">(</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">如肝硬化</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">心力衰竭</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">免疫抑制</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">血内丙种球蛋白缺乏</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">脾切除或脾功能丧失</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">尿毒症</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">)</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">；</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp; &nbsp;3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、某些血清型</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">(</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">尤其是第</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">和第</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">8</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">型</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">)</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">的病原体以及发生肺外并发症</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">(</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">如脑膜炎或心内膜炎</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">)</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">的患者。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　接受治疗较早的病情较轻的患者</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">一般在</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">24~48</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">小时内体温下降；但病情较重的患者，特别是具有上述情况的患者，多数需要</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">4</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">天或</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">4</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">天以上才能退热。如果肺炎病情逐步改善，病因明确</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">最好不要改变治疗方针。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">如果病情没有好转</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">需考虑以下因素：病因诊断错误，药物反应不良，疾病大部分已经属于有晚期或重复感染，疾病本身也使病人抵抗力下降，非住院患者用药方法不符要求，使得致病的肺炎链球菌菌株有耐药性，以及存在并发症</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">(</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">如脓胸</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">)</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">需要引流、或者有转移感染灶需加大青霉素剂量</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">(</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">如脑膜炎</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">心内膜炎</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">脓毒性关节炎</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">)</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">。</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1019","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1578,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1502704519436,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1502704519436,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"5511","isDel":0,"createAt":1502187142147,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"史上最全的睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的治疗方法","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、自己治疗<strong>睡眠呼吸暂停综合征</strong></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　①采取侧卧位睡眠。采取侧卧睡眠，可以防止咽部组织和舌后坠堵塞气道。还可减轻腹部、胸部、颈部的额外重量造成的气道压力。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"睡眠呼吸暂停综合征\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502187599600.jpg\" alt=\"睡眠呼吸暂停综合征\" width=\"600\" height=\"449\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　②避免饮酒和服用镇静药物等，酒精和一些药物如镇静剂、安眠药以及抗组胺药物会使呼吸变得浅慢。还可使肌肉更松弛，更容易阻塞气道，这些组织的变化会加重鼾症及睡眠呼吸暂停，如果你打鼾，避免睡前饮酒及服用相关药物。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"睡眠呼吸暂停综合征\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502186658916.jpg\" alt=\"睡眠呼吸暂停综合征\" width=\"600\" height=\"451\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　③减轻体重。睡眠呼吸暂停多发生在肥胖人群中。额外的组织给肺部及颈部的组织施加压力，造成呼吸变得更加困难。减肥会有助于呼吸。理想的体重对治愈打鼾和睡眠呼吸暂停综合征至关重要。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　④定期锻炼，锻炼目的也是减轻体重，增强肌肉并使得肺功能更好。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　⑤保持鼻部通畅，如果你患有过敏、鼻息肉或其他会造成鼻腔阻塞的疾病，对这些疾病的治疗将有助于打鼾或睡眠呼吸暂停的改善。如果吸烟，建议戒掉，因为吸烟会刺激鼻腔，使阻塞的鼻腔和呼吸道变得更严重。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、上述如还不成功，医生治疗<strong>睡眠呼吸暂停综合征</strong>的手段</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　①口腔矫治器治疗，夜晚带在口中，可防止打鼾及治疗轻度睡眠呼吸暂停，或者作为经持续正压通气治疗的一种辅助手段。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　②持续正压通气治疗，对中、重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征非常有效，可在家长期治疗。当你入睡时，将面罩戴好并将机器打开，机器送出一个柔和的稳定的正压气流通过鼻腔进入咽部，气流的压力强制性地使咽部的软组织不会塌陷，从而保持气道通畅。压力大小是经过睡眠呼吸监测后由医生决定的。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"睡眠呼吸暂停综合征\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502186782973.jpg\" alt=\"睡眠呼吸暂停综合征\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　③外科手术：去除悬雍垂和部分软腭以及扁桃体。该手术在解决由于咽部结构阻塞气道而导致的打鼾通常是比较成功，对治疗睡眠呼吸暂停疗效不确定；激光辅助悬雍</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">-</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">腭成形术：医生使用激光去除部分或者全部的悬雍垂以及部分的软腭。可治疗打鼾，并可在某种程度上治疗轻度的睡眠呼吸暂停综合征。可在门诊进行手术。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　④其他治疗手段，如鼻手术去除鼻息肉或矫正偏曲的鼻中隔；手术去除肿大的扁桃腺及肿大的腺样体；下腭手术使下腭及舌前突，扩大气道；如患有严重的、危及生命的睡眠呼吸暂停，或其他治疗均告失败则有必要施行气管切开术。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">上述治疗手段涵盖了医疗界认可的所有的治疗方法，组织切掉了就长不上去了，因此最好先自我治疗，在选择手术前一定要谨慎。</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1019","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1915,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1502187142149,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1502187142149,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"5510","isDel":0,"createAt":1502185140384,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的检查流程","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的检查流程\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502185981342.jpg\" alt=\"睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的检查流程\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　病友们在患有睡眠呼吸暂停综合征在门诊就诊的时候，医生会根据病史、体征和入睡后观察</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">15</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">分钟以上可作出推测性诊断。为了对你做个全方位的了解，医生会收集你生活中一些小习惯，对可能影响睡眠呼吸的各种情况做以了解，如睡眠及起床习惯、其它疾病情况、家族病史等。在体检时，医生还会检查你咽部是否有增生的组织和阻塞的结构以及其他可能造成睡眠呼吸暂停的原因。医生还会检查你的鼻部，判断是否有过敏性鼻炎或其他可能影响呼吸的问题。可能还需要进行实验室检查以及有关其他的健康指标的检查（如体重、血压及心率等）。如果怀疑有睡眠呼吸暂停，医生将为你推荐睡眠监测。对你的睡眠情况进行整夜监测。彻夜睡眠呼吸监测是确诊你是否患有睡眠呼吸暂停的重要手段。这种睡眠监测无痛苦、无风险。根据睡眠的问题和所需要的设备，监测可以在医院的睡眠监测中心进行，也可以在自己的家中进行。仪器整夜监测记录血压、打鼾、脑电图、眼动图、肌电图、鼻和口腔气流、胸腹式呼吸、心电及血氧饱和度等各项参数。医生将根据睡眠呼吸监测结果确诊疾病的性质及严重程度，并决定用哪种治疗方法。</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1019","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1871,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1502185140386,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1502185140386,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"5508","isDel":0,"createAt":1502181708121,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的病因介绍，值得一看","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　<strong>睡眠呼吸暂停综合征</strong>的朋友都很纳闷，为什么我的呼噜声那么响，这么响的呼噜声是怎样发生的呢？</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"睡眠呼吸暂停综合征\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502182097122.jpg\" alt=\"睡眠呼吸暂停综合征\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　正常人在吸气时，空气经咽喉部而进入到肺部。气流必经之路是柔软而有弹性的咽部组织，如软腭、悬雍垂、扁桃体和舌。白天，这些组织周围的肌肉相对紧张将咽部拉紧，不会堵塞气道。但到了晚上睡眠时，肌肉就会放松。正常人得咽部位置仍正常，气道畅通，气体可以自由进出。如果咽部组织肥大或肌肉在睡眠时过于松弛，气道就会部分受阻。当气流从鼻或口经过狭窄部位时，咽部结构产生振动并形成共振，由此产生鼾声。如果咽部组织将气道完全阻塞，气流无法进入肺部，就形成了呼吸暂停。如果肺部不能得到新鲜空气，大脑就将身体短暂唤醒到刚刚能够收紧咽部肌肉的程度，这样就解除了气道阻塞，伴随一个很响亮的喘息声，呼吸恢复正常。该过程循环往复，使睡眠变得很浅，早上醒来时，虽然你不知道这些过程，但会感到十分疲劳。由于长期缺乏新鲜空气，导致血氧浓度降低，血液粘稠度增加，你的肺部、心脏及其他器官会受到损害，从而引起一系列疾病，比如高血压、高血脂、阳痿早泄等。</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1019","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1903,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1502181708123,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1502181708123,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"5501","isDel":0,"createAt":1502121204087,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"专家为你解读为什么会打呼噜，让你明白打呼噜的危害有哪些","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">长期以来，人们一直认为认为打鼾是&ldquo;正常&rdquo;现象。其实打鼾可能是睡眠呼吸暂停的征兆，直接危害您的身体健康。下面通过专家解读为什么会打呼噜，让你明白打呼噜的危害有哪些</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"专家为你解读为什么会打呼噜，让你明白打呼噜的危害有哪些\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502121975975.jpg\" alt=\"专家为你解读为什么会打呼噜，让你明白打呼噜的危害有哪些\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">打鼾及睡眠呼吸暂停如何形成的呢？这是因为呼吸时，空气通过咽喉部进出肺部，在白天清醒时，这些组织周围的肌肉相对紧张而将咽部组织拉紧，不会阻塞气道。睡眠时，肌肉放松。如果咽部位置正常，气道可以保持通畅，允许气体自由进出。但咽部组织肥大或睡眠时肌肉过于松弛，气道部分就会狭窄。气流从鼻或口经过该狭窄部位时，咽部结构产生振动进而引起共振，产生鼾声。气道阻塞越重，打鼾越重。如果气道完全阻塞，气流完全无法进入肺部，此时就会出现呼吸暂停，导致缺氧。由于缺氧，大脑会将身体短暂唤醒到刚刚能够收紧咽部肌肉的程度，从而解除气道阻塞，伴随响亮的喘息声，呼吸恢复正常。该过程循环往复，睡眠变得很浅并且支离破碎，导致睡眠质量差，虽然你意识不到这些过程，但白天会感到十分疲劳。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　充足的睡眠对人很重要，睡眠良好的人一般都有充足的慢波睡眠时相。而睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者由于夜间睡眠节律严重紊乱，即使一天有十几个小时都在睡觉，却仍然感到疲乏、嗜睡，极易导致交通事故、工作中发生操作性事故等一系列社会危害。由于长期缺氧，会使血氧浓度下降，血液粘稠度增加，肺部、心脏及其它身体器官会受到损害，导致其他疾病的发生：如高血压、冠心病、心律失常、肺心病、脑血管意外、内分泌紊乱及神经精神疾患等疾病，严重危害患者的身体健康，缩短患者的寿命并非空穴之言。</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1019","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1801,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1502121204089,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1502121204089,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"1105","isDel":0,"createAt":1486782367071,"createBy":"6aad1b12ea7211e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"茉莉花","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"6aad1b12ea7211e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"大叶性肺炎退烧的方法","content":"<p><span style=\"color: #333333; font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', Helvetica, 'microsoft yahei', simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: #fcfcfc;\">28号发烧，轻咳，29号住院，疹断大叶性肺炎，输液一个星期不见好转，转院，现在基本不咳，但是发烧还是控制不住，每天3-4次，都是38.5以上，血项高。肺里无积液，腹部淋巴肿大</span></p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333; font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', Helvetica, 'microsoft yahei', simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: #fcfcfc;\">怎么才能控制作住体温</span></p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1019","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1646,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486782367072,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486782367071,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"3775","isDel":0,"createAt":1486776660144,"createBy":"623d560be20c11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"期缘","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"623d560be20c11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"咳嗽变异性哮喘","content":"<p><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &#39;Hiragino Sans GB&#39;, Helvetica, &#39;microsoft yahei&#39;, simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: rgb(252, 252, 252);\">男,5岁。目前雾化八天后，白天很少咳嗽，中午晚上躺下睡着前比八天前少了很多，睡醒以后会咳嗽几声，白天稍微活动大或者玩的开心点就会咳嗽，11月28日河北省儿童听诊说气管没事，没有喘，咳嗽声音一直是觉得咳的浅，清嗓子似的，因此最早还怀疑过是咽炎</span></p><p><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &#39;Hiragino Sans GB&#39;, Helvetica, &#39;microsoft yahei&#39;, simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: rgb(252, 252, 252);\">确诊雾化需要做多久？孟鲁司特钠要吃多久</span></p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1019","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1764,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486776660146,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486776660144,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"3697","isDel":0,"createAt":1486745299653,"createBy":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","createName":"海总剑客","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","title":"慢阻肺怎么办","content":"<p><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &#39;Hiragino Sans GB&#39;, Helvetica, &#39;microsoft yahei&#39;, simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: rgb(252, 252, 252);\">肺大泡，平时吃力，易感冒。天气一凉马上感冒</span></p><p><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &#39;Hiragino Sans GB&#39;, Helvetica, &#39;microsoft yahei&#39;, simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: rgb(252, 252, 252);\">请给予治疗建议</span></p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1019","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1519,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486745299655,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486745299653,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"type2":[{"id":"5530","isDel":0,"createAt":1502700041958,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"专家为你聊聊：感觉呼吸困难是怎么回事","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　<strong>感觉呼吸困难是怎么回事呢</strong>，其实在医学中特指呼吸不舒适的主观体验，涵盖几种性质不同，严重程度不一的主观感受。呼吸困难与生理、心理、社会、环境多种因素相关，特别是呼吸困难本身又可以引起继发性的生理和行为反应。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"感觉呼吸困难是怎么回事\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502700078891.jpg\" alt=\"感觉呼吸困难是怎么回事\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">病理生理机制比如呼吸努力的程度、外周中枢化学感受器的刺激、肺和胸壁机械感受器的刺激、中枢对外周传入的整合等引起感知性呼吸困难，包括&ldquo;呼吸幅度和频率&rdquo;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">, </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">&ldquo;呼吸渴求&rdquo;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">, </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">&ldquo;呼吸时相关的呼吸困难&rdquo;，&ldquo;喘息&rdquo;。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">情感性呼吸困难指伴随呼吸困难的&ldquo;难受&rdquo;和&ldquo;情绪反应&rdquo;，是一种感觉，发生机制与情绪、文化背景、疾病经历以及个体特质有关。相当于警示大脑，&ldquo;您的身体出了异常，自身调节已不足以纠正&rdquo;。激发情绪反应让人难受，调动适应性行为，甚至使运动器官做好奔往医院的准备。就感知性呼吸困难来说，全世界所有人都一样。而情感性呼吸困难明显受到文化背景的影响。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">一般情况下，病人对五种性质不同的呼吸困难症状描述，指向其病理生理改变和负面情感。如果医师在问诊时能注意到病人呼吸困难的语言，相当高比例的患者可以得到正确诊断，避免了没有必要的实验室检查。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">恰当的区别感知性呼吸困难和情感性呼吸困难，不仅能够帮助诊断和鉴别诊断，以便做出正确的治疗决策缓解症状，理解呼吸困难对患者行为的影响。国内外呼吸困难研究领域的最新进展，精准的诠释了生物心理医学模式对呼吸困难诊断治疗的推动作用。</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1016","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":2011,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1502700041960,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1502700041960,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"5515","isDel":0,"createAt":1502440644759,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"一文让你明白气胸是怎么引起的，气胸症状的表现","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">&nbsp; &nbsp;如果您有憋气症状，尤其晚上加重情形，不妨看下本文，通过一个病例让你明白<strong>气胸是怎么引起的，气胸症状的表现</strong>。赵女士最近又出现了憋气，在晚上憋气加重，导致难以入睡，而且有越来越加重的趋势，到医院拍胸片以后，结果显示右侧胸腔气胸，肺压缩</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">50%</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">。进行了胸腔闭式引流，患者的症状迅速缓解，</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">天之后右肺完全复张，拔除了胸腔引流管，患者的症状没有反复。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"气胸是怎么引起的，气胸症状的表现\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502440676071.jpg\" alt=\"气胸是怎么引起的，气胸症状的表现\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">自发性气胸是怎么引起的</span></strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">？</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　自发性气胸是肺或胸膜病变，造成胸膜破裂，空气在进入胸膜腔以后，就形成气胸。气胸会造成胸膜腔内压力升高（正常胸膜腔为负压），使肺不能正常膨胀，肺压向肺门，甚至可以使气管、心脏等产生移位，推向对侧胸腔。气胸引起的原因包括慢性支气管炎并发肺气肿、支气管哮喘、尘肺、广泛肺纤维化、肺大泡破裂等。肺癌、肺结核空洞、肺脓肿亦可引起气胸。老年患者多是原发病为慢性阻塞性肺气肿。自发性气胸多由肺大泡破裂所致，好发于身体瘦高的青年男性。该部分人群的发病诱因多由感染、剧烈咳嗽、有持重物、屏气、剧烈运动等原因引起。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"气胸是怎么引起的，气胸症状的表现\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502441110798.jpg\" alt=\"气胸是怎么引起的，气胸症状的表现\" width=\"600\" height=\"270\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">气胸症状的表现</span></strong></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　气胸一般由持重物、屏气、剧烈运动等因素诱发，患者会突感胸痛、气急、憋气，可伴有咳嗽。小量气胸先有气急，发病数小时后逐渐平稳，</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">X</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">光检查也不一定能发现。若气胸量较大者或者原来已有广泛肺部疾患，患者多半不能平卧。患者呼吸困难的程度与积气量的多少、原来肺内病变范围有相关性。当胸膜粘连和肺功能减损之时，即使小量局限性气胸也会造成明显胸痛和气急。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"气胸是怎么引起的，气胸症状的表现\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502441005756.jpg\" alt=\"气胸是怎么引起的，气胸症状的表现\" width=\"600\" height=\"451\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　<strong>气胸症状</strong>的主要表现包括以下几方面：</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">胸痛</span></strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">：多数患者伴有胸痛，这是胸膜粘连牵拉、撕裂所造成。胸痛可突然发生，患者会感到刺痛或胀痛，在咳嗽及深吸气时疼痛加剧。对老年患者而言，感觉迟钝，胸痛的表现不如年轻人明显。因此，容易造成早期诊断的延误。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">呼吸困难</span></strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">：多与胸痛同时发生，年轻人肺压缩小于</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">20%</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">，呼吸困难有时并不明显。老年人多伴有慢性肺部疾病，肺功能差，虽然肺压缩仅为</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">10%</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">，也会出现明显呼吸困难。如果是高压性气胸，患者多表现为进行性呼吸困难，甚至休克、呼吸衰竭等。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">咳嗽</span></strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">：一般表现为干咳，这是胸膜反射性刺激所引发。如果伴有感染或者支气管胸膜瘘，咳嗽将会加重，痰液为脓性。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">休克</span></strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">：高压性气胸如果得不到及时救治，患者可能会休克，这种情况下，患者除了伴有呼吸困难外，还会伴有紫绀、大汗淋漓、烦躁不安、意识不清、四肢厥冷、脉搏减弱、血压下降、严重者甚至会死亡。老年人的临床表现，有可能被原发疾病掩盖（如慢性支气管炎合并阻塞性肺气肿），造成诊断延误。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">X</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">线检查可帮助确诊，并了解肺压缩的程度，气管偏移的情况，对疾病本身也是有益的提示。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1016","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1790,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1502440644760,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1502440644760,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"5509","isDel":0,"createAt":1502184112537,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"病友总结的几个睡眠呼吸暂停综合征典型症状","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　许多病友因为知识缺乏，病急求医，不知道打呼噜、</span><span style=\"font-size: 17px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">睡眠呼吸暂停综合征</span>是什么概念，<span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">什么情况应该就医，现在病友总结几个常见情形，如果患有一个或多个就可以去就医啦，早日摆脱打呼噜的烦恼！</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">）睡了一整夜，醒来仍然感到浑身乏力。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">）夜间反复憋醒，夜眠不宁，不自主翻动，甚至昏迷抽搐。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">）打鼾突然停止，持续一段时间后，鼾声又起。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">4</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">）醒后头痛，睡醒起床后口干舌燥。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">5</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">）白天非常困倦或者打盹，甚至在工作、站凳子就打盹或驾驶时睡着。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">6</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">）暴躁易怒，每天睡醒血压最高。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">7</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">）注意力不易集中或记忆力下降。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">8</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">）夜间睡觉时小便次数增加。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">9</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">）阳痿、性欲减低。</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1016","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1710,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1502184112539,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1502184112539,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"5507","isDel":0,"createAt":1502180830082,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的易发人群、症状与危害","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">睡眠呼吸暂停综合征</span></strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">是指在睡眠时发生的呼吸暂时停顿的现象。对人影响比较大呼吸暂停的是指，口和鼻气流每次停止</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">10</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">秒以上，一晚</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">7</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">个小时的睡眠中，暂停发生</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">30</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">次以上或睡眠呼吸紊乱指数超过</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">5</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">次以上。病友们可以根据自己白天有无乏力、嗜睡等症状，来初步判断自己是否患有阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"睡眠呼吸暂停综合征\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502181174367.jpg\" alt=\"睡眠呼吸暂停综合征\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征易发于中年以上的人群中。调查显示：大约</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2%</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">的男性和</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">4%</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">的女性患有阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征。阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征都有哪些危害呢？</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征由于反复出现呼吸暂停，从而引起体内缺氧、以及二氧化碳的体内堆积所引起的一系列病理改变。不但破坏睡眠，还会引起白天嗜睡、乏力、记忆力减退、使人工作能力和生活质量严重下降，甚至会引起一系列的社会问题。由于本病发生在睡眠时间，容易忽略，多是因为其它病到门诊就诊，如高血压、冠心病、脑血管病、情绪障碍、口干、咽炎、阳萎等，医生如果不加以重视，也容易造成漏诊和误诊。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">另外，睡眠呼吸暂停综合征也是引起诸多交通事故的主要诱因之一。美国的车祸是引起死亡和伤害的第三位原因，每年发生的</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">200</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">万交通事故中，有</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">4</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">万到</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">5</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">万人丧生，而患有睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的司机车祸发生率是正常人的</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">3-7</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">倍，并占恶性交通事故的</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">80%</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">综上所述，睡眠呼吸暂停综合征属于源头性疾病，许多疾病，比如阳痿、早泄、高血压等疾病在治疗好睡眠呼吸暂停综合征以后，也会自然销售。</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1016","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1745,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1502180830084,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1502180830084,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"5505","isDel":0,"createAt":1502175836969,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"吸引朋友建议看看肺癌早期症状","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\">　 <span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">对于肺癌患者的最大特点来说延误诊断和漏诊较多，因为肺癌患者来讲，<strong>肺癌早期症状</strong>没有特异的临床表现。病人根本没有异常感觉，早期的患者也多数在体检时发现，影像检查也就是发现阴影，多数也是因没有症状而延误，导致早干预的好时机，如果疾病处于早期，手术治疗是可以治愈的。另外</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">75%</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">的患者也又临床表现，具体如下：</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"肺癌早期症状\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502176605997.jpg\" alt=\"肺癌早期症状\" width=\"600\" height=\"451\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　一、肺癌在肺内生长直接引起的症状</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\">　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、咳嗽、早期肺癌患者常表现为突发无痰阵发遇刺激性气味等咳嗽（即刺激性干咳），非常容易当成为呼吸道感染。当大的气道管腔（即中央气道）内肿瘤引起气道狭窄梗阻时，咳嗽转为持续性，表现为高音调的金属声。当肿瘤进一步增大时，影响到肺内的痰等能咳出来时，可引发肺部感染，激烈咳嗽后痰量增多，呈粘液脓性。特殊病人会有大量粘液痰，部分病人每日可达</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2000ml</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">黏液痰（肺泡癌病人常有的特点）。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"肺癌早期症状\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502175865649.jpg\" alt=\"肺癌早期症状\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\">　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、咯血、由于癌组织血管丰富，易发生组织坏死，因此约</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">21</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">％以上病人有咯血，表现为痰中带血丝，或间断血痰，有时仅有</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1-2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">次。如侵蚀大血管，可引起大咯血。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"肺癌早期症状\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502175907515.jpg\" alt=\"肺癌早期症状\" width=\"600\" height=\"454\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\">　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、其它、如果肿瘤造成较大气道的阻塞，病人可出现不同程度的阻塞症状如喘鸣、胸闷、气促、胸痛和发热等。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　二、肿瘤胸内蔓延：如胸痛、呼吸困难、胸闷、声嘶哑。还有一些症候群如：上腔静脉综合症（</span> <span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">由胸内肿瘤或转移压迫上腔静脉引起的急性或亚急性呼吸困难</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">面颈部肿胀</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">检查可见面颈</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">上肢和胸部静脉回流受阻</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">瘀血</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">水肿</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">呼吸困难</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">进一步发展可导致缺氧和颅内压增高</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">需要紧急处理以缓解症状）。膈肌麻痹、及食道受压、胸腔积液、心包积液症状等。肺尖部肺癌，亦称</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">Pancost</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">肿瘤，侵入纵隔和压迫位于胸廓上口的器官或组织，如第</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">肋骨、锁骨下动脉和静脉、臂丛神经、颈交感神经等，产生剧烈的胸肩痛、上肢静脉怒张、水肿、臂痛和上肢运动障碍，同侧上眼睑下垂、瞳孔缩小、眼球内陷、面部无汗等交感神经综合症。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　三、肿瘤组织的远处转移：锁骨上、颈部等淋巴结肿大。出现中枢神经系统症状，如头痛、呕吐、眩晕、复视、共济失调、偏瘫及癫痫发作等，往往是颅内转移表现。肩背痛、下肢无力、膀胱或肠道功能失调，应高度怀疑脊髓束受压迫。约</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">28%</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">&mdash;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">33%</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">肝转移时患者有肝肿大和疼痛。骨转移时表现为骨痛、骨折等。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　四、肺癌的肺外表现</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　肺癌的肺外表现多为肺癌细胞产生的某些特殊物质（激素、抗原、酶或代谢产物）所引起的临床表现。不同病理类型肺癌细胞产生的异位激素发生率不同。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">&nbsp; 找良医网提示您：<span style=\"font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋体;\">肺癌并不可怕，早诊断、早治疗、科学治疗非常重要，如果做的好一样活的很好。</span></span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1016","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1882,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1502175836971,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1502175836971,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"5503","isDel":0,"createAt":1502169952266,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"一文让你明白胸腔积液的原因及胸腔积液的症状","content":"<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　许多病友会突感胸痛，不敢深呼吸，</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">天后疼痛好转，但有隐痛感，逐渐感到胸闷憋气，活动困难。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">X</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">光片和</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">B</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">检查后多半显示胸腔积液。那么<strong>胸腔积液的原因及胸腔积液的症状</strong>有哪些呢</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"胸腔积液的原因及胸腔积液的症状\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502170047166.jpg\" alt=\"胸腔积液的原因及胸腔积液的症状\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　一、什么是胸腔积液？引起<strong>胸腔积液的原因有哪些</strong></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　临床中，不管什么原因诱发的胸膜腔内出现过多的液体统一称作胸腔积液。临床上常见的胸腔积液有以下几种：</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\">　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、根据胸腔积液的特点分类，可分为漏出液、渗出液（浆液性或血性）、脓胸、血胸、乳糜胸。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\">　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、根据引起<strong>胸腔积液的原因可以分为：</strong></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">）感染性疾病：胸膜炎（结核病、各类感染）、膈下炎症</span> <span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">肺结核、各类肺感染</span> <span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">肺结核</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">）循环系统疾患、上腔静脉受阻、充血性心力衰竭、缩窄性心包炎</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">）肿瘤：恶性肿瘤、胸膜间皮瘤、</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">4</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">）肺梗死</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">5</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">）血管瘤破裂、肺梗死</span> <span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">胸导管受阻</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">6</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">）低蛋白血症</span> <span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">肾病综合征、肝硬化</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">7</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">）其他疾病</span> <span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">腹膜透析、粘液性水肿、药物过敏、放射反应</span> <span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">风湿热、系统性红斑狼疮、胸部手术后、气胸外伤、食管瘘、气胸、胸腔穿刺术后继发化脓性感染外伤、气胸（伴胸膜粘连带撕裂）外伤致胸导管破裂、丝虫病</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"胸腔积液的原因及胸腔积液的症状\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502170517511.jpg\" alt=\"胸腔积液的原因及胸腔积液的症状\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　临床中胸腔积液中渗出性胸膜炎最常见；结核病诱发的胸腔积液在中青年患者中常见。中老年胸腔积液（尤其是血性胸液）应慎重考虑恶性病变与恶性肿瘤（如肺癌、乳腺癌、淋巴瘤等）向胸膜或纵隔淋巴结转移。肿瘤累及胸膜，使其表面通透性增加，或淋巴引流受阻，或伴有阻塞性肺炎累及胸膜，均可引起渗出性胸腔积液。胸导管受阻而形成乳糜胸比较少见。如果心包受累也会产生心包积液，如果上腔静脉受阻，血管内静水压升高，或因恶性肿瘤所致营养不良低蛋白血症，胸腔积液可为漏出液。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"胸腔积液的原因及胸腔积液的症状\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502170451190.jpg\" alt=\"胸腔积液的原因及胸腔积液的症状\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　二、<strong>胸腔积液的症状</strong></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　年龄、病史、症状及体征对<strong>胸腔积液的</strong>诊断均有参考价值。结核性胸膜炎多发于青年人，常伴有发热；中年以上患者应警惕由肺癌引起的胸膜转移。炎性积液多为渗出性，常伴有胸痛及发热。由心力衰竭诱发胸腔积液为漏出液。肝脓肿所伴右侧胸腔积液表现为反应性胸膜炎，也可以是脓胸。积液量少于</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">0.3L</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">时症状多不明显；当超过</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">0.5L</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">时，患者渐有胸闷感。局部叩击表现为浊音，呼吸的声音减低。在积液量逐渐增多后，两层胸膜隔开，不再随呼吸摩擦，胸痛亦渐缓解，但呼吸困难程度明显加剧；大量积液时纵膈脏器受压，心慌及呼吸困难也更加明显。</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1016","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":3530,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1502169952268,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1502169952268,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"1765","isDel":0,"createAt":1486647151744,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"哮喘会出现哪些明显的症状","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; text-align: left;\">　　想必大家对于哮喘有一些了解，这个病发作时带给患者的痛苦非常大，严重的还会影响患者的生命，所以大家在平时要多关注自己的身体，一旦发现这个病时要及时的治疗，避免疾病加重，那么为了我们第一时间发现疾病积极的进行治疗，接下来我们来具体的看一下，患上哮喘后会出现哪些明显的症状。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　患上哮喘后会出现哪些明显的症状。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　明显的症状1、患者在患有了哮喘之后最先出现的症状也就是咳嗽了。病人在初期的时候主要表现为长期的咳嗽，常常是夜间、清晨以及运动过后会尤其的显著，即使是采用了抗生素治疗后，也没有什么很好的效果，这也就是典型的哮喘表现。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　明显的症状2、患者在患有了哮喘之后还会出现气短的症状，这种症状主要是指的患者的呼吸常常感觉到很困难。要是病情比较轻微的患者，那么只会表现在运动的时候或者是进行了较大体力活动的时候，常常感觉自己的气量不够，总是胸闷的厉害;但如果患者的病情已经比较严重了，那么患者即使是在安静的时候也会出现呼吸困难的症状表现，常常都不能平卧，只有坐着的时候才会稍感通畅。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　明显的症状3、患者在患有了哮喘之后还会出现一些其他的症状表现，如患者在吸入一些致敏源之后，如灰尘以及动物的毛发等物质都可以引起患者的器官出现过敏反应。这个时候患者就通常都会出现眼睛鼻子发痒以及皮肤过敏等症状表现。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1016","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1595,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486647151746,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486647151744,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"1488","isDel":0,"createAt":1486647120530,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"肺气肿的早期症状有哪些","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; text-align: left;\">　　随着肺气肿这种疾病困扰的人群越来越广泛，人们在生活中对这种疾病也就越来越重视，如果我们不能够对这种疾病进行有效的预防，那么我们如果了解了这种疾病的早期症状表现，也是可以对这种疾病做到早发现，早治疗的，所以今天我们就来了解一下肺气肿的早期症状吧！</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　1&middot;肺气肿是肺腺泡任何部分的永久性异常扩大，伴破坏性改变。一般来说，如出现以下情况，就是患上了肺气肿：有慢性支气管炎、支气管哮喘史、咳嗽、咳痰，呼吸困难逐步加重，紫绀逐渐加深;有桶状胸、胸部前后径增大、肋间隙增宽，呼吸困难，口唇手指发绀，胸部呼吸运动减弱，语颤减弱，叩诊检查吸音低，呼气延长;x线胸片可表现出双肺透亮度增强，外周肺纹减少，横隔下降，运动不良;肺功能明显减弱。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　2&middot;肺功能呼吸困难程度可为五度：第一度时工作、步行及上下阶梯与同年龄健康者一样;第二度时平地步行与同年龄健康者一样，但上坡及走阶梯则不能同健康人一样;第三度时平地步行按自己的速度可行走1 公里以上，但达不到健康人的速度;第四度时行走要作多次休息，50米也不能一气走到底;第五度时说话、转身、穿衣、用餐均会发生呼吸急促。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　3&middot;得了肺气肿后怎么办呢?首先要预防和控制支气管感染，不吸烟或戒烟，适当体育活动，增强体质，防止感冒。若有咳嗽、咳痰要立即就医，用抗生素控制感染。其次是作呼吸体操，坚持在早上深呼吸运动，锻炼腹式呼吸，或做以肋间肌运动为主的胸式呼吸。在治疗上可采服氧气治疗和正压呼吸治疗。还应当注意减少支气管痉挛，改善肺循环。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　如果患上肺气肿不能够进行有效治疗的话，那么就有可能会诱发患者出现自发性气胸，呼吸衰竭，慢性肺源性心脏病和右心衰竭以及胃溃疡等并发症的出现，如果大家想要让自己远离这些并发症，那么一定要把握对这种疾病的最佳治疗时间，从而帮助自己更好的控制病情。</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1016","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1488,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486647120532,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486647120530,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"metaSearch":{"description":"","keywords":"呼吸科","title":"呼吸科","channels":null},"focus":0,"type1":[{"id":"5535","isDel":0,"createAt":1502718795211,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"肺动脉高压是什么，为您介绍协和医院肺动脉高压治疗的最新进展","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">本文将通过几句话为您介绍<strong>肺动脉高压是什么</strong>，协和医院<strong>肺动脉高压治疗</strong>的最新进展能给您什么样的治疗效果。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">一、肺动脉高压是什么</span></strong></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　肺动脉高压是由多种病因引起肺血管床受累导致肺循环阻力逐渐增加，最终导致的右心衰竭甚至死亡的一种疾病。肺动脉高压治疗效果很差。最近几年，肺动脉高压发病机制研究进展迅速，目前已经明确前列环素途径、</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">NO</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">途径、内皮素途径三条经典信号传导通路在肺动脉高压的发生以及发展过程的相关性，针对上述三条经典途径的肺动脉高压靶向治疗药物将陆续出现，可以大幅改善患者的生活质量和治疗效果。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"肺动脉高压是什么，为您介绍协和医院肺动脉高压治疗的最新进展\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502718814852.jpg\" alt=\"肺动脉高压是什么，为您介绍协和医院肺动脉高压治疗的最新进展\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　虽然肺动脉高压的研究已经取得明显进展，但肺动脉高压的治疗效果依然差强人意，相当一部分患者无法从以上单药治疗、联合用药治疗中获益，该病的致残率和死亡率依然较高。医学界目前仍然怀疑，可能有其它机制参与肺动脉高压的发生、发展过程。因此寻找新的治疗途径和方法仍是肺动脉高压治疗领域发展重要环节。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"肺动脉高压是什么，为您介绍协和医院肺动脉高压治疗的最新进展\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502719443383.jpg\" alt=\"肺动脉高压是什么，为您介绍协和医院肺动脉高压治疗的最新进展\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　目前，包括北京协和医院在内的多家中心正在进行一项多中心、双盲、安慰剂对照随机临床试验，以此来研究盐酸埃他卡林治疗特发性和系统性硬化症相关的肺动脉高压的疗效。前期研究发现肺动脉高压患者肺动脉平滑肌细胞存在钾通道功能异常，提示钾通道可能是肺动脉高压治疗的新靶点。盐酸埃他卡林是具有自主知识产权的新型钾通道开放剂。现有的研究已经表明，埃他卡林具有吸收好、用药剂量低、起效快、降压持久、平稳、不良反应发生率低、安全剂量范围宽、毒性低、长期用药无耐受性等优点。埃他卡林及其衍生物对肺动脉高压的防治作用已经获得国家发明专利。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"肺动脉高压是什么，为您介绍协和医院肺动脉高压治疗的最新进展\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502719345370.jpg\" alt=\"肺动脉高压是什么，为您介绍协和医院肺动脉高压治疗的最新进展\" width=\"600\" height=\"449\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　协和医院负责这项临床研究的呼吸科徐凯峰医师提出，盐酸埃他卡林作为国家</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">I</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">类新药，对肺动脉高压药物治疗学的发展有着非常重要的意义。如果能证实盐酸埃他卡林对肺动脉高压治疗有疗效，将是我国科学家对肺动脉高压治疗的重大贡献，并使现有的三类主要治疗药物扩展到四类；而且，国产盐酸埃他卡林相对于国际上肺动脉高压高额治疗费用，在价格上将有极大优势，使广大患者从中受益。</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1015","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1826,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1502718795213,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1502718795213,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"5532","isDel":0,"createAt":1502703561246,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"协和医院告诉你：肺炎好治吗，肺炎怎么治","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 3px; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 3px; margin-left: 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; 许多病友在患了肺炎以后，对<strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">肺炎好治吗，肺炎怎么治</span></strong>这两个问题非常感兴趣，那么听听协和医院的专家怎么说吧：</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　肺炎如何诊断和治疗？</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　在临床中，诊断肺炎主要依靠仔细的询问病情、认真的检查和胸片，有明确的肺炎诱因、咳嗽和脓痰、肺内有异常的呼吸音，胸片出现了异常影子，就可以诊断为肺炎。在治疗的时候主要是采取抗生素治疗，按照规定足量足疗程使用，给予对证和支持治疗，大部分患者可以痊愈。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\"><img title=\"肺炎好治吗，肺炎怎么治\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502703774281.jpg\" alt=\"肺炎好治吗，肺炎怎么治\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　肺炎好治吗？</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　肺炎诊断是很复杂，上述方法只能简单的判断患者有无肺炎。但对于婴幼儿和老年患者，肺炎非常隐蔽</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">.</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">。肺炎病因也多种多样的，判断肺炎的病因需要各种检查，包括痰液、肺穿刺物、支气管镜下取标本的各种培养，而大部分患者得不到确切的结论。即使是典型的肺炎链球菌根据荚膜多糖抗原分类</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">也有</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">80</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">种以上的血清型</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">.</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">。治疗中主要依赖医生经验来选择抗生素。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　治疗不是简单的事，肺炎是我国常见的致死性疾病之一可以看出治疗效果是不满意的。青霉素敏感的肺炎球菌株，青霉素</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">G</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">是首选药物。但约</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">25%</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">的肺炎球菌对青霉素耐药。对高度耐药菌株的治疗，根据体外药敏试验。大剂量青霉素，头孢噻肟或头孢曲松对大多数耐药菌株有效</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">.</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">新一代喹诺酮类药物是青霉素耐药菌株的常选用药物，青霉素敏感菌株治疗的可供替换的药物。万古霉素具有持久活性的药物，对所有肺炎球菌均有抗菌活性，在大多数情况下伴有高耐青霉素发生率的重症患者的首选药物。支持治疗包括卧床休息，补充液体及针对胸膜疼痛使用止痛剂。有发绀、明显缺氧、严重呼吸困难、循环紊乱或谵妄的病人应给氧。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1015","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1725,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1502703561248,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1502703561248,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"5504","isDel":0,"createAt":1502172442187,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"胸腔积液怎么治疗看协和医院专家怎么说","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">&nbsp; &nbsp;胸腔积液的病友在已经诊断明确后，医生就会针对不同的情况进行治疗，病因不同，治疗措施也应不同。<strong>胸腔积液怎么治疗</strong>这个话题不妨看看协和医院的专家怎么说</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　一、结核性胸膜炎引发胸腔积液</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　多数患者抗结核药物治疗效果基本不错，胸液如果量少一般不必抽液或仅作诊断性穿刺，胸腔穿刺不仅有助于诊断，且可解除肺及心、血管受压，改善呼吸，防止纤维蛋白沉着与胸膜增厚，使肺功能免受损伤。抽液后也有助于减轻毒性症状，体温下降，使被压迫的肺迅速复张。大量胸液者每周抽液</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">～</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">次，直至胸液完全吸收。每次抽液量最好不要超过</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1000ml</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">，过快、过多抽液可使胸腔压力骤降，容易导致肺水肿或循环障碍。抽胸液后迅速产生的肺复张后肺水肿，表现为剧咳、气促、咳大量泡沫状痰，双肺满布浊湿啰音，</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">PaO2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">下降，</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">X</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">线显示肺水肿征。如果发生这种情况，应立即给患者采取吸氧措施，必要时应用糖皮质激素及利尿剂，控制入水量，严密监测病情与酸碱平衡。抽液时如果出现头晕、冷汗、心悸、面色苍白、脉细、四肢发凉的&ldquo;胸膜反应&rdquo;的症状时时，应立即停止抽液、患者平卧，必要时皮下注射</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">0.1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">％肾上腺素</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">0.5ml</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">，密切观察病情，注意患者血压波动情况，防止休克。一般情况下，抽胸液后，没必要向胸腔内注入药物。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"胸腔积液怎么治疗\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502172752304.jpg\" alt=\"胸腔积液怎么治疗\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　糖皮质激素可减少机体的变态反应及炎症反应，改善毒性症状，加速胸液吸收，减少胸膜粘连或胸膜增厚等后遗症。但也有可能引起不良反应或者诱发结核播散，必须慎重操作。急性结核性渗出性胸膜炎全身毒性症状严重、胸液较多者，在抗结核药物治疗的同时，可加用糖皮质激素，通常用泼尼松或泼尼松龙</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">25</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">～</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">30mg/d</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">，分</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">次口服。体温正常、全身毒性症状减轻、胸液明显减少时，即应逐渐关量以至停用。停药速度如果过快，容易出现反跳现象，一般疗程约</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">4</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">～</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">6</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">周。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　二、脓胸</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　脓胸是指由各种病原微生物引起的胸膜腔感染性炎症，同时伴有外观混浊，具有脓样特性的胸腔渗出液。细菌是脓胸的最常见病原体。大部分细菌性脓胸多是因为细菌性胸膜炎没有得到有效控制。少部分脓胸由结核菌或真菌、放线菌、奴卡菌等诱发。临床中感染性胸腔积液中常见病原体为革兰阴性杆菌，金黄色葡萄球菌及肺炎球菌为次要病因。革兰阴性杆菌中以绿脓杆菌等假单胞菌及大肠杆菌较为常见。目前已经证实的是厌氧菌作为脓胸的常见病原体。肺炎并发的脓胸常为单一菌感染。肺脓肿或支气管扩张引发的脓胸，基本上表现为混合菌感染。使用免疫抑制剂的患者中，真菌及革兰阴性杆菌感染也最常见。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　急性脓胸常患者多表现为高热、消耗状态、胸胀痛等症状。治疗原则是控制感染、引流胸腔积液及促使肺复张，恢复肺功能。</span> <span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">尽早应用有效抗菌药物，可以采取全身及胸腔内给药。引流是脓胸最基本的治疗方法，最好采取反复抽脓或闭式引流。采用</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">％碳酸氢钠或生理盐水反复冲洗胸腔，然后注入适量抗生素及链激酶，脓液变稀有助于脓液的引流。少数脓胸可采用肋间开水封瓶闭式引流。对有支气管胸膜瘘者不宜冲洗胸腔，避免引起细菌播散。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　慢性脓胸有胸膜增厚、胸廓塌陷、慢性消耗、杵状指（趾）等表现，必要时可以考虑外科胸膜剥脱术等治疗。一般的支持治疗也非常重要，治疗时高能量、高蛋白及含维生素的食物有助于提高疗效。治疗过程中应注意纠正水电解质紊乱及维持酸碱平衡，必要时给予少量多次输血。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　三</span> <span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、恶性胸腔积液</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　恶性胸腔积液多为恶性肿瘤所引发，在晚期恶性肿瘤患者中经常看到，例如对肺癌患者而言，如果伴有胸腔积液就意味着已属晚期。鉴于其胸液生长迅速且持续存在，而大量积液的压迫引起严重呼吸困难，严重者可以导致死亡，故需反复胸腔穿刺抽液，但反复抽液可使蛋白丢失太多（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1L</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">胸液含蛋白</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">40g</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">）。虽然效果不理想。但及时进行合理有效治疗，对缓解症状、减轻痛苦、提高生存质量、延长生命也非常有帮助。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　全身化疗对于部分小细胞肺癌所致胸腔积液有一定疗效。纵隔淋巴结如果转移可以进行局部放射治疗。在抽吸胸液后，胸腔内注入包括阿霉素、顺铂、氟尿嘧啶、丝裂霉素、硝卡芒芥、博来霉素等抗肿瘤药物，有助于杀伤肿瘤细胞、减缓胸液的产生。近年来，通过胸腔内注入生物免疫调节剂，也是治疗恶性胸腔积液较为成功的方法，可抑制恶性肿瘤细胞、增强淋巴细胞局部浸润及活性，并使胸膜粘连。为闭锁胸膜腔，可以采用胸腔插管将胸液引流完后，注入胸膜粘连剂，如四环素、红霉素、滑石粉，使两层胸膜发生粘连，避免胸液的再度形成，若同时注入少量利多卡因及地塞米松，可减轻疼痛及发热等不良反应。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">上述多种治疗手段，对恶性胸腔积液的治疗效果并不乐观。</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1015","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":2248,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1502172442189,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1502172442189,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"5500","isDel":0,"createAt":1502120038791,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"史上最全的打呼噜最佳治疗方法","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　打呼噜在林冲称为鼾症或睡眠呼吸暂停综合征，该疾病极少会自愈，但有效的治疗手段可以达到非常好的疗效目的。<strong>打呼噜最佳治疗方法及手段</strong>有哪些呢？前几年，比较认可通过外科手术是治疗睡眠呼吸暂停最有效的方法，但现在主流观点认为手术远期疗效并不乐观，无创的综合性治疗疗效更佳。不管您是否患有睡眠呼吸暂停，您都可以以下几种简单的方法来减轻您的打呼噜或睡眠呼吸暂停：</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　控制体重及减肥：打呼噜或者睡眠呼吸暂停易发与肥胖人群；而肥胖会加重打鼾。额外的组织会给肺部及颈部施加压力使呼吸道更为狭窄。因此减肥可明显减轻呼吸暂停的症状。节食与定时运动是控制体重的最佳方法。散步几乎对所有人都颇为有效的运动方法，也可以尝试少量、多次运动如步行上下楼梯等达到减肥的目的。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"打呼噜最佳治疗方法\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502120760818.jpg\" alt=\"打呼噜最佳治疗方法\" width=\"600\" height=\"449\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　睡前避免饮酒及服用某些镇静药物：酒精和一些药物如镇静药、安眠药、抗过敏药会使呼吸变得浅慢，使肌肉更加松弛，使咽部组织更容易堵塞气道，加重打呼噜及睡眠呼吸暂停。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"打呼噜最佳治疗方法\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502120276923.jpg\" alt=\"打呼噜最佳治疗方法\" width=\"600\" height=\"451\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　侧卧位睡眠：采取侧卧位睡眠，可以防止咽部组织和舌后坠堵塞气道，野可减轻腹部、胸部、颈部的额外组织造成的气道压力，因此采取侧卧位睡眠，有助于减轻打鼾症状甚至治疗睡眠呼吸暂停。在睡衣背面缝上一个兜，里面放上坚硬物品，如此睡衣睡觉，也可以采用垫一个充满泡沫塑料的背包或一个楔形枕头或一个小皮球睡觉，这样可以有效阻止仰睡。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"打呼噜最佳治疗方法\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502120305121.jpg\" alt=\"打呼噜最佳治疗方法\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　戒烟及保持鼻部通畅：吸烟会刺激鼻腔，导致鼻腔及呼吸道慢性炎症，阻塞气道。如果你患有过敏性鼻炎、鼻息肉或其它造成鼻腔堵塞的疾病，对这些疾病进行有效治疗将大幅改善打鼾或睡眠呼吸暂停。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　如果睡眠呼吸暂停病情较重，并且上述方法对于您症状的改善不明显，医可以使用牙托或持续正压通气治疗。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　牙托治疗：夜晚戴在口中的牙托可能防止打鼾及治疗轻度睡眠呼吸暂停，或者作为持续正压通气治疗病情减轻后的一种辅助手段。如一般是在接受牙科医生的检查之后，进行试戴，一般需要多次调整才能获得最佳疗效。在试戴完成之后，应该再次睡眠呼吸监测以确保该装置佩戴合适、您的下颚及牙齿没有受到损害，确保病情没有恶化。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　持续气道正压通气治疗：</span> <span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">这是目前治疗睡眠呼吸暂停最为有效的方法。这种方法是是将一个小型的空气压缩机通过软管与一个鼻面罩相连接。睡觉时，戴好面罩打开机器，设备就会送出一个柔和稳定的正压气流通过鼻腔进入咽部，气流的压力强制性地开放咽部的软组织，保持气道通畅。气流压力的大小是经过睡眠监测后由医生决定。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　如果你的病情满足手术治疗的适应症，医生会建议您去作外科手术：</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　悬雍垂、腭咽成形术：这是外科治疗打鼾和睡眠呼吸暂停最常用的方法，此种手术包括切除悬雍垂、部分软腭以及扁桃体。在解决由于咽部结构堵塞气道而导致的打鼾比较成功，对睡眠呼吸暂停的疗效并不确定，这是因为咽部更靠后的组织也有堵塞气道的可能。手术需要在医院进行，需要麻醉，术后住院观察</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">－</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">天，比较严重的咽喉疼痛可能持续几周，这期间只能吃流质食物。完全康复通常需要一个月左右。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　激光辅助悬雍垂－腭咽成形术：这是一种使用激光切除部分或者全部的悬雍垂及部分的软腭。这种手术可治疗打鼾，在某种程度上治疗轻度的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停。手术可在门诊进行，患者保持清醒状态，术后可能会有几天或一周的不适感觉。术日内只能吃流质食物。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　其它可以改善打鼾及睡眠呼吸暂停的外科手术有：</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　鼻手术切除鼻息肉或矫正偏曲的鼻中隔；</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　手术切除肿大的扁桃体及腺样体；</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　下颚手术使下颚及舌前突，扩大气道；</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　气管切开术：如果患有严重的、危及生命的睡眠呼吸暂停，或其它治疗均告失败就需要进行气管切开术。一般在颈部的气管上做一切口，白天加以遮盖，夜间打开，这样空气直接进出肺部。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　对睡眠呼吸暂停的有效治疗可以使您和您的家人获得高质量的睡眠，让您在白天精神焕发、精力充沛，并可消除或减少低氧血症所导致的多器官功能损害及其并发症，增进健康，延长寿命。</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1015","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1733,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1502120038928,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1502120038928,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"4983","isDel":0,"createAt":1497106562454,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"一盘蚊香相当抽数包烟 点蚊香需谨慎","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 4px; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; color: #333333; background: white;\">【一盘蚊香相当于连抽数包烟？实验亲测：点一小时盘蚊香</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; color: #333333; background: white;\">PM2.5</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; color: #333333; background: white;\">爆表！】每到蚊虫出没的夏季，关于蚊香的传闻也随之而来，一盘蚊香相当于连抽数包烟？蚊香中含致癌物？对此，权威人士进行了一次试验，发现燃烧盘蚊香一小时</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; color: #333333; background: white;\">PM2.5</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; color: #333333; background: white;\">数值爆表！</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 4px 0px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; color: #333333; background: white;\"><img title=\"1497107145405.jpg\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1497107145405.jpg\" alt=\"timg.jpg\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4px; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; color: #333333; background: white;\">对此，看相关网友有何绝招：</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">时间你快些走：蚊子并没有死，只是晕了，新鲜空气进房间它又能飞了。最好的办法是，挂蚊帐。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">小宇</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">-Yu-Yu</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">：有電蚊拍可以用，很好用，蚊子馬上被電死。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4px; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">街子</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">-jezi</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">：好实验</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">[good]</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">点蚊香的正确姿势：睡前半小时关门闭户点燃，进去睡时熄灭蚊香</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1015","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1813,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1497106562456,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1497106562456,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"4253","isDel":0,"createAt":1486647006463,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"感冒要认清病因 风寒、风热调理大不同","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　感冒上身好痛苦，想要缓解因感冒而起的鼻塞、畏寒、喉咙痛、头痛等症状，到底该怎么做呢？中医师表示，想要有效舒缓上述不适，关键在于「辩证论治」，分辨究竟是「风热」，还是「风寒」所引起。倘若，没有对症治疗，不仅效果有限，更可能越弄越糟！</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　中医看感冒！又分「风热」、「风寒」2大类</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　专家提到，对于感冒问题，中医与西方医学不同，不只认为其是单纯由病毒感染所引起；而是将之区分为「风热」与「风寒」感冒2大类型。前者，往往会伴随有发热、黄痰等症状；后者，则是会发冷、头痛。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　该如何分辨自己罹患的感冒是哪一型？通常风寒型感冒是因为身体受寒，导致新陈代谢减缓，免疫力也同步下降，并有全身发冷、鼻塞、流鼻水、头痛等症状。至于风热型感冒则是发烧、流鼻涕、喉咙痛、卡黄痰等，必须「辩证论治」，才不会适得其反。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　风寒、风热这样调！中医感冒对症食疗报你知</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　陈峙嘉中医师更针对2大证型，提出合适的对症食疗方，利用日常容易取得的食材，提供大家做为调理参考：</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　★风寒&mdash;&mdash;葱白红枣汤</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　适应症：风寒感冒、鼻塞、畏寒、肌肉痠痛。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　材料：</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　迷迭香、金盏花各12公克，葱白2～3枝，红枣10颗、水500C.C.。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　作法：</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　1.材料洗净，迷迭香、金盏花放入纱布袋中扎紧袋口；葱白切断（葱须留用）。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　2.汤锅加水，放入红枣、纱布袋煮20分钟，续入葱白煮10分钟，捞出纱布袋即可。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　用法：感冒初期早、晚各服1次，趁热饮用。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　作用：葱白可加速血液循环，帮助发汗。红枣能补气活血、改善虚弱。风寒感冒之初饮用，能舒缓鼻塞、畏寒、肌肉痠痛。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　【中医师小叮咛】：</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　取葱白1小把切碎，加水煎煮成汤，以其蒸气熏蒸鼻腔，可改善因感冒引起的鼻塞症状。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　★风热&mdash;&mdash;盐烤橘子</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　适应症：风热感冒、喉咙痛。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　材料：橘子1个（约200公克），盐1／4小匙。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　作法：</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　1.橘子洗净，不用剥皮，在蒂头处切开5元硬币大小的开口，塞入盐巴。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　2.用铝箔纸包覆橘子，放入烤箱烤约5分钟，切成小块即可食用。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　用法：</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　每日食2～3颗至感冒痊愈。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　作用：</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　橘皮具有清热祛风之效，有助缓解感冒时的诸多不适。烤热后食用。可治疗初期感冒，并能缓解鼻子发痒与喉咙痛等症状。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　【中医师小叮咛】：</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　有过敏体质者食用时应特别留意，以免引发不适症状。</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1015","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1692,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486647006464,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486647006463,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"4010","isDel":0,"createAt":1486646978734,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"肺炎的常见发病机制是什么","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　大家都知道肺炎的危害后果很多，而且带来的危害性也非常大，相信大家对于这种疾病都非常担心，平时大家需要注意这种疾病的常见发病机制，避免造成更多影响，避免导致呼吸功能受到危害，那么肺炎的常见发病机制是什么？</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\"><strong style=\"color: #333333;\">　　肺炎的发病机制有哪些呢</strong></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　(一)呼吸功能障碍</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　主要表现为低氧血症，重症可出现高碳酸血症。由于通气和换气功能障碍，氧进入肺泡及氧自肺泡弥散至血流减少，动脉血氧分压及动脉血氧饱和度降低，发生低氧血症。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　(二)神经系统损害</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　缺氧和二氧化碳潴留以及病原体毒素可以引起脑毛细血管扩张，通透性增加，引起脑细胞水肿、颅内压升高以及中毒性脑病，严重脑水肿可使呼吸中枢受到抑制而发生中枢性呼吸衰竭。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　(三)胃肠道功能改变</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　低氧血症和病原体毒素作用，使胃肠道功能发生紊乱，出现厌食、呕吐及腹泻等症状，甚至产生中毒性肠麻痹，并使胃肠道毛细血管通透性增加，引起消化道出血。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　(四)酸碱平衡紊乱</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　肺炎患儿因低氧发生代谢障碍，酸性代谢产物增加，加之感染发热、进食少，常有代谢性酸中毒。由于通气和换气障碍引起二氧化碳潴留，导致呼吸性酸中毒。因此严重肺炎患儿可同时存在不同程度的呼吸性和代谢性酸中毒。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\"><strong style=\"color: #333333;\">　　临床上容易与肺炎相混淆的三种疾病</strong></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　1、支气管异物</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　多有异物吸入史，发病突然，呛咳剧烈，常有吸气性喉鸣或呼气性喘鸣，必要时可行支气管纤维镜检查术。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　2、急性支气管炎</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　患者症状较轻，一般无发热或仅有低热，以咳嗽为主要症状，肺部呼吸音粗糙或有不固定的干性啰音，少数患者可闻及湿性啰音。喘息性支气管炎可伴有闷喘。如症状较重不易与肺炎的症状区分者，则按肺炎处理。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　3、肺结核</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　患者常有结核接触史及结核中毒症状，肺部啰音不明显，结核菌素试验及X射线胸片检查可供鉴别是否是肺炎的症状。</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1015","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1650,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486646978735,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486646978734,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"3745","isDel":0,"createAt":1486646949350,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"肺结核的三大传染途径 呼吸道传染","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　说到肺结核，相信很多人都听说过，但却不了解。因此很多人都会问：肺结核会传染吗？一起跟小编来看看吧！</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　其实肺结核是会传染的。因为肺结核属于慢性传染病。那肺结核的传染途径有哪些呢？我们又应该如何进行预防肺结核呢？今天小编就来为大家一一介绍一下，想知道的朋友就来看一下吧！</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　一、肺结核传染途径</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　相信大家现在都是知道了肺结核是会传染的。那肺结核的传染途径是什么呢？想知道话，下面我们就一起来看一下吧。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　1、呼吸道传染</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　是主要的传染途径。健康儿吸入带菌的飞沫或尘埃后可引起感染，产生肺部原发病灶。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　2、消化道传染</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　多因饮用未消毒或消毒不严的污染牛型结核杆菌的牛奶或污染人型杆菌的其它食物而得病，多产生在咽部或肠道原发病灶。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　3、其他传染</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　偶可通过破损的皮肤、粘膜、生殖器官等接触传染。还有先天性结核病传染途径为胎盘或吸入羊水感染，多于出生后不久发生粟粒性结核病或生殖器结核。人类普遍易感。人受染后，是否发病，与受染菌的数量、毒力、机体的非特异性及特异性抵抗力高低有关。营养状态、精神紧张、体力消耗、长期应用皮质激素治疗、肿瘤化疗、免疫抑制疗法、糖尿病等各种因素，均可降低机体抵抗力，易于受染发病或使结核扩散和病情加重。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　二、肺结核的症状</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　对于我们来说，知道肺结核的症状的非常有必要的，因为俗话说，早发现，早治疗，不是吗？那肺结核的症状有哪些呢？</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　1、症状</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　有较密切的结核病接触史，起病可急可缓，多为低热（午后为著）、盗汗、乏力、纳差、消瘦、女性月经失调等，呼吸道症状有咳嗽、咳痰、咯血、胸痛、不同程度胸闷或呼吸困难。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　2、体征</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　肺部体征依病情轻重、病变范围不同而有差异，早期、小范围的结核不易查到阳性体征，病变范围较广者叩诊呈浊音，语颤增强，肺泡呼吸音低和湿啰音。晚期结核形成纤维化，局部收缩使胸膜塌陷和纵隔移位。在结核性胸膜炎者早期有胸膜摩擦音，形成大量胸腔积液时，胸壁饱满，叩诊浊实，语颤和呼吸音减低或消失。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　3、肺结核的分型和分期</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　（1）肺结核分型</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　①原发性肺结核（Ⅰ型）</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　肺内渗出病变、淋巴管炎和肺门淋巴结肿大的哑铃状改变的原发综合征，儿童多见，或仅表现为肺门和纵隔淋巴结肿大。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　②血型播散型肺结核（Ⅱ型）</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　包括急性粟粒性肺结核和慢性或亚急性血行播散型肺结核两型。急性粟粒型肺结核：两肺散在的粟粒大小的阴影，大小一致密度相等，分布均匀的粟粒状阴影，随病期进展，可互相融合，慢性或亚急性血行播散型肺结核：两肺出现大小不一、新旧病变不同，分布不均匀，边缘模糊或锐利的结节和索条阴影。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　③继发型肺结核（Ⅲ型）</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　本型中包括病变以增殖为主、浸润病变为主、干酪病变为主或空洞为主的多种改变。浸润型肺结核：X线常为云絮状或小片状浸润阴影，边缘模糊（渗出性）或结节、索条状（增殖性）病变，大片实变或球形病变（干酪性&mdash;可见空洞）或钙化，慢性纤维空洞型肺结核：多在两肺上部，亦为单侧，大量纤维增生，其中空洞形成，呈破棉絮状，肺组织收缩，肺门上提，肺门影呈&ldquo;垂柳样&rdquo;改变，胸膜肥厚，胸廓塌陷，局部代偿性肺气肿。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　④结核性胸膜炎（Ⅳ型）</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　病侧胸腔积液，小量为肋膈角变浅，中等量以上积液为致密阴影，上缘呈弧形。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　三、预防肺结核</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　在生活中，我们应该如何进行预防肺结核呢？这对于我们来说是非常重要的。毕竟肺结核是会传染的。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　1、生活有规律</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　避免长期过劳和精神紧张，饮食均衡，适当进行锻炼，增强抵抗力。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　2、预防与结核病有关的相关疾病</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　如糖尿病，可使结核病发生机会增加4倍。又如艾滋病，可使结核病发生机会增加30倍。其他如矽肺、胃肠道疾病、肿瘤、器官移植、长期使用糖皮质激素等。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　3、对高发人群进行预防性治疗</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　其重点对象是新发现的排菌肺结核病人家庭内受感染的儿童，特别是5岁以下儿童和结核菌素试验反应&ge;15mm或有水疱的成员。</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1015","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1635,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486646949352,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486646949350,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"type0":[{"id":"5506","isDel":0,"createAt":1502177213997,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"21世纪肺癌治疗的方向——肺癌多学科综合治疗","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">肺癌的发病率在近年来逐渐升高，<strong>肺癌治疗</strong>的理念也在不断发展变化，</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">21</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">世纪公认的、肺癌治疗的方向肺癌多学科综合治疗，必须根据肺癌的组织学类型、分期、个体生活状态、肿瘤分子生物学特性等制定最佳治疗方案，以提高治愈率，改善病人生活质量，延长生存为主要目的：</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"肺癌治疗\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502178187249.jpg\" alt=\"肺癌治疗\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　早中期（Ⅰ～Ⅲ</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">A</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">期）基本治疗方式应该以手术为主，结合病人个体情况，制订正确方案，是否行术前的新辅助化疗（诱导化疗）、手术后辅助化疗</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">;</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">对中晚期（Ⅲ</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">A-</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">Ⅲ</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">B</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">期）已经不能接受手术治疗的患者来讲，病人可以考虑行序贯或同步放化疗。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">对晚期肺癌患者</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">(</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">Ⅲ</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">B</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、Ⅳ期</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">) </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、体能状况比较乐观、健康状况好的老年病人应行姑息性化疗，因此有关非小细胞肺癌</span>的内科化学治疗已涉及到与多种学科多种方法的综合治疗。</p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　肺癌患者在休疗期间应该做好定期随诊。如果有肺癌的复发的证据，可以采用更新的治疗手段</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">--</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">分子靶向治疗，这种治疗方式可以减少对正常细胞的毒副作用。</span> <span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">如表皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂和血管生成因子抑制剂及重组人血管内皮抑素。均可以明显提高疗效和生存时间。</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1013","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1466,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1502177213999,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1502177213999,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"lyBar":{"id":"1872","isDel":0,"createAt":1474534048000,"createBy":"sys","createName":"sys","updateAt":0,"updateBy":"","updateName":"","userId":"system","name":"呼吸科","type":100,"twoCode":"http://zhao01.com/zly_img/zly_wx.jpg","image":"30fe162580a111e6a97a00163e005165","provinceId":"","cityId":"","illId":null,"hospitalId":null,"keyWord":"","totleTopic":1,"barDesc":"","discussBarType":null,"metaSearch":null,"adInfo":null},"zlyBar":{"id":"1872","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"name":null,"type":0,"twoCode":null,"image":null,"provinceId":null,"cityId":null,"illId":null,"hospitalId":null,"keyWord":null,"totleTopic":0,"barDesc":null,"discussBarType":null,"metaSearch":null,"adInfo":null},"herfList":[],"forumUserFocusBar":{"id":null,"isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"barId":null,"barName":null,"barType":0,"webType":0,"userType":0},"days":0,"dataCache":{"ad":[{"name":"","content":"","url":"www.baidu.com","img":"http://www.01luntan.com/ly_img/book-yl.jpg"},{"name":"","content":"","url":"www.baidu.com","img":"http://www.01luntan.com/ly_img/book-yl.jpg"}],"row0_01":[{"name":"","content":"","url":"https://www.zhao01.com/news/bbs/30258","img":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1702281952092.jpg"}],"row0_02":[{"name":"状腺疾病的临床诊治","content":"","url":"www.baidu.com","img":"http://img0.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=3069164470,1397462178&fm=206&gp=0.jpg"},{"name":"惊人病例：Infliximab 药物液生命力的","content":"甲状腺疾病的临床诊治","url":"http://120.24.194.104/ly_img/001.jpg","img":""},{"name":"惊人病例：Infliximab 药物液生命力的","content":"甲状腺疾病的临床诊治","url":"www.baidu.com","img":""},{"name":"惊人病例：Infliximab 药物液生命力的","content":"甲状腺疾病的临床诊治","url":"www.baidu.com","img":""},{"name":"惊人病例：Infliximab 药物液生命力的","content":"甲状腺疾病的临床诊治","url":"www.baidu.com","img":""},{"name":"惊人病例：Infliximab 药物液生命力的","content":"甲状腺疾病的临床诊治","url":"www.baidu.com","img":""},{"name":"惊人病例：Infliximab 药物液生命力的","content":"甲状腺疾病的临床诊治","url":"www.baidu.com","img":""},{"name":"惊人病例：Infliximab 药物液生命力的","content":"甲状腺疾病的临床诊治","url":"www.baidu.com","img":""}]}}