{"type5":[],"type4":[{"id":"9162","isDel":0,"createAt":1513058287727,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"心衰患者的饮食原则有哪些","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">我们知道心力衰竭根据不同的症状可大体分为左心衰竭、右心衰竭和全心衰竭。力衰竭患者在日常生活中除了药物治疗，还要遵循一些饮食原则。别看饮食对也我们微小，但是对于心衰患者们却极为重要，因为他关系到患者病情的稳定。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1513058526230.jpg\" title=\"心衰患者的饮食原则有哪些\" alt=\"心衰患者的饮食原则有哪些\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1.适当补充维生素B1和维生素C，有利于保护心肌。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2.少食多餐，建议患者朋友们在一天之中，尽量做到少食多餐，还要细嚼慢咽，减轻身体的负担，还要记得严禁吃得过饱，患者可以做到一天摄入的食物划分成4至5次来吃。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3.轻度心衰病人每日食盐控制在5克左右，不吃腌制食品，最好不吃用碱或小苏打制作的食品。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4.选用低热量、低盐、富含维生素、易于消化、不易产气的食物。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">5.适当控制总热量，蛋白质也要适当控制。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1980","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":939,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1513058287729,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1513058287729,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"7082","isDel":0,"createAt":1510032350419,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":1521708537281,"updateBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"梅油油","userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"心力衰竭患者的饮食原则","content":"<p style=\"line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">心衰患者千万不可以乱吃</span></strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">，在饮食问题上要重视起来，这样才可以帮助自己取得很好的治疗效果，所以心衰患者饮食要谨慎，下边给大家介绍一下关于饮食问题方面的介绍，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1521709397722.jpg\" title=\"心力衰竭患者的饮食原则\" alt=\"心力衰竭患者的饮食原则\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">心力衰竭患者的饮食原则</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">一、饮食宜低盐。若有水肿时，则需无盐饮食和低钾饮食，如鸡蛋、鸭蛋、皮蛋、面筋、梨、西瓜等。用利尿药后，尿量增加时宜多食含钾高的食物如蘑菇、橘子、香菇、香蕉、百合、红枣等。各种咸食和腌制品均应禁食。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">二、宜少吃多餐，忌过饱，营养力求丰富和多样化。临睡前不进或少进食物与水分。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\">　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">三、宜食易消化的食物，避免生冷坚硬、油腻及刺激性食物，也要避免容易产气的食物，如豆类、薯类、南瓜等。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">四、饮食应多摄取含丰富纤维素及维生素</span>C的食材，如山茨菇、马蹄、茭白、百合、黄瓜、丝瓜、柠檬、豆芽等。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">五、本病在用洋地黄治疗时，宜进食含钙低的食物，忌食含钙高的食物如牛奶、骨头、虾、海蜇、海带、紫菜、木耳、巧克力、橄榄等。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1980","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":947,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1510032350421,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1510032350421,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"7077","isDel":0,"createAt":1510031646658,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":1521708226396,"updateBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"梅油油","userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"急性心力衰竭患者饮食注意","content":"<p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">急性心力衰竭</span></strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">是我们的生活中比较常见的一种心血管疾病。那么对于这一疾病的患者在日常的饮食有什么特殊的要求呢？</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\">　</p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　<img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1521708958081.jpg\" title=\"急性心力衰竭患者饮食注意\" alt=\"急性心力衰竭患者饮食注意\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/> </span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、限制钠盐的摄入</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">以预防和减轻水肿．府根据病情选用低沈、大刽、低钠饮食。低徐，即烹调时每大食盐不越过</span>2克，或相当于酱油10毫升，令人别仅合钠量70毫克少于1500毫克。无盐：即烹调时不添加食盐及酱油．全大l副食小含钠量小于70毫克。低钠；即除烹调时个添加食盐处酱油外，应用含钠的食物，全天户副食合钠量小于500毫克。人量利尿时应适当增加食盐的景物预防低钠综合症。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;　</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、钾的摄入</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">钾平衡失调是充血性心人衰竭学最常出现的电解质紊乱之</span>—。临床中最常遇到的为缺钾，主要发生丁混入不足（如营养不良，食欲缺少和吸收不良等）；额外丢失（如呕吐、腹泻、吸收不良综合症x肾脏丢失（如肾病、肾上腺皮质功能亢进、代谢性碱中毒、利尿剂治疗）以及其他情况（如胃肠外营养、透析等）。缺钾可引起肠麻痹．严重心律失常，呼吸麻痹等，并易诱发洋地黄中毒，造成严重后果。故对长期使用利尿剂治疗的病人应鼓励其多摄食含钾量较高的食—物和水果，例如香蕉、桶户、枣、番木瓜等。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3、限制水的摄入</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;　</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">亢血性心力衰揭个水的沸留主要继发于纳的渊留。身体内满留</span>7允氯化钠随同时，必须26留1升水，才能维持体内渗透压的平衡．故在采取低钠饮食时，可小必严格限制进水量。事实上，摄人液体反旧nj促进徘尿而使皮厂水肿减轻。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span><br/></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1980","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":949,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1510031646664,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1510031646664,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"6850","isDel":0,"createAt":1509691036046,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":1521200592554,"updateBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"梅油油","userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"心衰病人吃什么好 禁食什么","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">慢性心力衰竭</span>(CHF)是一种严重的临床综合征，是各种严重心脏病的严重阶段，可以分为以收缩功能障碍为主的收缩性心力衰竭和以舒张功能障碍为主的舒张性心力衰竭。心力衰竭5年存活率与恶性肿瘤相仿，4年死亡率高达50%，严重心力衰竭1年死亡率高达50%。</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">那么</span><strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">慢性</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">心衰病人吃</span></strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">什么好</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">？</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1521200781095.jpg\" title=\"心衰病人吃什么好 禁食什么\" alt=\"心衰病人吃什么好 禁食什么\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">心衰病人在补充营养时，应该注意补充必要的氨基酸，专家提醒心脏衰竭的患者往往是由于原发性心脏病恶化而来的，建议患者保持低盐低脂饮食，可以吃点：大米、面粉、小米、玉米、鸡肉、鸭肉、猪肉、淡水鱼等。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心衰患者千万不要吃含有刺激性的食物，如芥末、辣椒、烟酒、浓茶等，否则就会导致心脏情况恶化，如果患者属于体重超标的话，还需要注意脂肪的摄取情况，最好多吃点水果蔬菜，以免会造成心脏不适</span>!</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">患者平时除了注意饮食健康之外，还需要注意提高身体免疫力，适当做些运动，劳逸结合、不要过度疲劳，也不要有太大的心理负担，生活环境注意通风换气，避免细菌感染，引发呼吸道疾病</span>!</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;　　</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">为了预防病情反复，建议患者平时多吃点对心脏有好处的食物，例如新鲜蔬菜、草莓、香蕉、橘子等维生素</span>C丰富的食物，如果心脏功能有所改善的话，也不建议长期卧床，应积极预防静脉血栓的形成!</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1980","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1041,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1509691036048,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1509691036048,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"6848","isDel":0,"createAt":1509690827494,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":1521200496462,"updateBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"梅油油","userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"找良医网为您推荐慢性心力衰竭饮食宜吃什么","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心力衰竭是由于心肌梗死、心肌病、血流动力学负荷过重、炎症等任何原因引起的心肌损伤，造成心肌结构和功能的变化，最后导致心室泵血或充盈功能低下。临床主要表现为呼吸困难、乏力和体液潴留。慢性心力衰竭（</span>CHF）是指持续存在的心力衰竭状态，可以稳定、恶化或失代偿。治疗心衰的目标不仅要改善症状、提高生活质量，而且要针对心肌重构的机制，延缓和防止心肌重构的发展，降低心衰的住院率和死亡</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">率。</span><strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">慢性心力衰竭吃</span></strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">什么好？找良医网为您推荐慢性心力衰竭饮食宜吃什么？</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1521200866785.jpg\" title=\"找良医网为您推荐慢性心力衰竭饮食宜吃什么\" alt=\"找良医网为您推荐慢性心力衰竭饮食宜吃什么\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、紫菜 &nbsp;紫菜含有甘露醇，甘露醇可以起到脱水利尿的作用，可以化解慢性心衰患者引起的水肿，对患者的恢复是有帮助的。 可以炖汤喝</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、柠檬 柠檬富含有维生素C、犹如天然的抗生素，具有抗菌消炎的作用，可以起到预防感染的作用，对患者的恢复有帮助。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3、乌鱼汤 乌鱼汤富含有优质蛋白质营养物质，可以提高人体免疫力，增强抗病能力，对患者的恢复是有帮助的。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1980","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":944,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1509690827496,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1509690827496,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"6802","isDel":0,"createAt":1509677078474,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":1524634481917,"updateBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"良药苦口","userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"专家向您推荐  慢性心衰的饮食","content":"<p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网向您详细介绍，</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">慢性心衰的饮食</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">事宜；</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1509677652024.jpg\" title=\"专家向您推荐  慢性心衰的饮食\" alt=\"专家向您推荐  慢性心衰的饮食\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;</p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">1、宜选用含钠低的蔬菜及瓜、茄类。豆浆、百叶、豇豆、鲜豌豆，水果除含安息香酸钠的罐头水果或果汁以外均可吃。猪肉、鸡肉、牛肉、淡水鱼及部分含钠低的海鱼;各种新鲜水果如橙、柑橘、梨、苹果、桃等均可食用。钠的摄入量应小于120克/天，鸡蛋可吃1个，牛奶200毫升，最好用豆浆替代牛奶，饮食应以半流质饮食或软食为主。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">2、慢性心衰竭的饮食禁忌：</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">少吃高热量、高蛋白的食物，不吃腌制食品，最好不吃用碱或小苏打制作的食品。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><br/></p>","barId":"1980","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":974,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1509677078475,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1509677078475,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"6139","isDel":0,"createAt":1508564341475,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":1522738946026,"updateBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"良药苦口","userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"充血性心力衰竭吃什么好？","content":"<p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网向您详细介绍充血性心力衰竭饮食保健，充血性心力衰竭的食疗方。得了</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">充血性心力衰竭吃什么好</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">，同时又不能吃什么呢？一起来了解一下吧：</span></p><p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1508565147298.jpg\" title=\"充血性心力衰竭吃什么好？\" alt=\"充血性心力衰竭吃什么好？\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><font face=\"宋体\">&nbsp;</font></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">充血性心力衰竭饮食宜忌</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">饮食适宜：</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">1、宜吃利尿消肿的食物；</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">2、宜吃抗菌消炎的食物；</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">3、增强免疫力的食物。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">海带：海带中含有大量的甘露醇，而甘露醇具有利尿消肿的作用，可防治充血性心率衰竭引起的水肿，缓解症状的作用，有利于患者的恢复。每天</span>200-300克为宜。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">香椿：香椿是属于抗菌消炎的食物，充血性心率衰竭患者食用后可以起到预防感染的作用，对患者的恢复有一定的帮助。每天</span>100-200克为宜。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">牛奶：牛奶富含有优质蛋白质和人体必需的各种矿物质元素，促进肠道营养物质的吸收，对患者病情的恢复有一定的帮助。每天</span>350-500毫升为宜。热饮为佳。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">饮食禁忌：</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">1、忌吃腌制的食物；如咸蛋、咸鱼、咸肉、咸鸡；</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">2、忌吃油腻的食物；如肥肉、猪油、羊油、牛油；</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">3、忌吃刺激性的食物、芥末、辣椒、花椒、胡椒。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">咸肉：咸肉是含有大量盐分的食物，容易导致水钠储溜，导致身体水肿，充血性心率衰竭患者食用后容易加重病情的发展。宜吃低盐的食物。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">小麻椒：肥肉含有油脂比较多，容易导致心脏血管的硬化，容易诱发心脏疾病，不利于患者的恢复。宜吃低脂的食物。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">辣椒：辣椒的刺激性比较的，容易刺激心脏血管，导致交感神经兴奋，引起心律加快，不利于患者的恢复。宜吃清淡容易消化的食物。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！</span></p>","barId":"1980","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":960,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1508564341477,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1508564341477,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"6135","isDel":0,"createAt":1508563704469,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":1522738661786,"updateBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"良药苦口","userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"充血性心力衰竭（慢性心功能不全,慢性心衰）应该如何护理？","content":"<p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">如果您有慢性心力衰竭，如何去有效的保养护理呢？本文中，找良医网向您详细介绍</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">充血性心力衰竭应该如何护理</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">，充血性心力衰竭常见的护理办法有哪些。一起来学习一下：</span></p><p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1508564478648.jpg\" title=\"充血性心力衰竭（慢性心功能不全,慢性心衰）应该如何护理？\" alt=\"充血性心力衰竭（慢性心功能不全,慢性心衰）应该如何护理？\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><font face=\"宋体\">&nbsp;</font></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">1、休息：根据心功能受损程度而定。心功能互级，患者应适当休息，保证睡眠，注意劳逸结合。心功能H级，应增加休息，但能起床活动。心功能Ill级，限制活动，增加卧床休息时间。心功能IV级，绝对卧床休息，原则上以不出现症状为限。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">2、皮肤及口腔重度水肿患者，应定时翻身，保持床单位整洁、干燥，防止褥疮的发生。呼吸困难者易发生口干和口臭，应加强口腔护理。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">3、吸氧：按循环系统疾病护理常规。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">4、排泄：按循环系统疾病护理常规。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><font face=\"宋体\"></font><br/></p>","barId":"1980","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":841,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1508563704471,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1508563704471,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"type3":[{"id":"32962","isDel":0,"createAt":1736927143441,"createBy":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","createName":"海总剑客","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","title":"心脏上支架后注意什么","content":"<p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size:20px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">回答粉丝朋友个问题：心脏上支架后注意什么。心脏上支架后，患者需要终身服用抗血小板药物，首年需要双抗用药，饮食方面要注意避免高脂、高胆固醇、高盐等对心血管系统有害的食物，多吃水果、蔬菜、全谷类食物。每天进行科学合理的适量运动，运动时长、强度和频率需要根据个人情况和医嘱来严格执行。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size:20px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size:20px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">心脏上支架后最重要的是一定要戒烟，因为吸烟会引起高密度上不去，一氧化碳含量升高，降低血液携氧能力，对血管危害非常大。如果你烟瘾大，可以用洞医六步轻松戒烟法轻松不遭罪戒烟。建议看看国内知名专家丁荣晶教授出版的视频图书《心肌梗死与心肌康复》，丁教授用三个小时视频，手把手教你心脏支架后怎么进行心脏康复，让心脏恢复的比发病前状态还要好，是个可以改变命运的视频图书，淘宝就有</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1980","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":169,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1736927143441,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1736927143441,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"12961","isDel":0,"createAt":1520836972822,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"心衰来了一定要去检查","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">很多时候，有些老人生病了就自己扛着，就怕给子女添麻烦；年青人生病了也选择扛着，也是怕耽误了业绩，还怕亲人担心。但是，心衰千万抗不得。</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">还有人认为只有老年人才会被<strong>心衰困扰</strong>，也不是。老年人心衰很多都是基础心血管疾病发展到终末阶段，又或者是心脏结构上出现退行性瓣膜病；还有年轻人心衰多以心肌炎、心肌病、先天性心脏病这些为基础。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1520837134408.jpg\" title=\"心衰来了一定要去检查\" alt=\"心衰来了一定要去检查\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　年轻人的急性心衰来得很是迅速，由于病毒和细菌感染导致的，基本是可逆性的心力衰竭。老年人的急性心衰也可能是在原来问题上，因为感冒（感染）、饮食增加、作息改变、劳累或者情绪波动导致症状的突然加重。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　根据病情的发展进程，心衰又分为急性心衰和慢性心衰。两者的治疗策略也是不一样的。急性心衰发生后最重要的是先保命，必须尽快将病人送到急诊室或重症监护病房进行抢救。基本上会给病人插上呼吸机进行吸氧、静脉用药，包括利尿剂、血管扩张剂。如果有病人出现心肌梗死或者缺血时，还要给予硝酸酯类药物来稳定和缓解症状。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　如果急性心衰是发生在家里面，病人千万不要扛着，家人也别惊慌。首先，要拨打急救电话，尽快的将病人送到医院接受抢救。第二，如果病患发病后血压高，也可用一些硝酸甘油急救；还有病人手如果很凉，已经出汗了，就不要用硝酸甘油，因为这个时候已经低血压了；可以让患者平躺，等待救援人员到来。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　而且慢性心衰是病人需要长期面对的问题，管理慢性心衰是离不开医生、病人和家人共同的努力。在保证按时、按量服药之外，生活方式上也要严格管理。在这特别提醒老年病人，假如一旦发病，千万不要怕麻烦子女而选择扛着，这样只会让病情越拖越重，一时的</span>“坚强”可能换来的是对家人更大的“残忍”。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1980","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1010,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1520836972824,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1520836972824,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"12960","isDel":0,"createAt":1520826919601,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"预防心衰 就要小心这些异常信号","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">心衰就是</span></strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">充血性心力衰竭的</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">特征</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">，也</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">叫作</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">心功能不全，这</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">也不是</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">一个独立的疾病，是</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">因为不同的</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">因素</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">引起</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">心脏病的一个严重阶段。这种</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">疾病</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">的发病率是</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">非常</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">高的，</span>5年的存活率跟恶性肿瘤是非常相似的。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1520827408334.jpg\" title=\"预防心衰 就要小心这些异常信号\" alt=\"预防心衰 就要小心这些异常信号\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">心衰</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">的基本</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">症状就是水肿、呼吸困难、喘息等，那心衰</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">产生之</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">前会有什么症状呢？</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">发生</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">了哪些症状要</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">警惕</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">心衰呢？</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">情绪</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">或者是</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">精神异常</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">较相似</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">老年性精神病或脑病</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">还有些</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">老年心衰</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">病患</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">精神症状表现</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">较为突出</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">，如头晕、失眠、烦躁不安、幻觉、谵妄、意识不清甚至昏迷等等。这</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">是因为</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">老年人都</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">有着进度不一样的</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">脑动脉硬化及脑供血不足。心衰时</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">因为</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">心输出量</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">降低</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">，脑缺血症状进一步</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">加重</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">。当然，</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">因为</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">心衰继发的水、电解质紊乱，</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">导致</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">脑代谢异常，也是</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">引起</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">精神障碍的一个重要原因。</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">但是如果</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">不注意</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">辨别的话</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">，</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">是非常容易</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">被误诊为老年性精神病、脑卒中、脑肿瘤等。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">纳差、腹胀、腹泻</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">误认为</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">胃肠炎</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">这种情况</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">基本主要</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">见于右心衰。</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">因为</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">右心回流血液受阻，</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">导致</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">体循环的静脉压升高，</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">引起</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">内脏</span>(胃肠道、肝、胆等)瘀血，</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">从而出现</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">食欲不振、腹胀、恶心、呕吐等症状，病情严重者还可因胃肠平滑肌缺血性痉挛而</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">引发</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">腹疼、腹泻。如果询问</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">不详细</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">病史</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">还有</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">查体</span>(右心衰一般有肝大、下肢浮肿、颈静脉怒张等阳性体征)，</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">也是极易被误诊</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">为慢性胃肠炎等消化道疾病。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">咳嗽、气喘貌似气管炎、哮喘病</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">左心衰</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">前期常表现</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">为频繁干咳或胸闷气喘，活动</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">还有</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">劳累时尤甚。还有的在夜间突然</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">被憋醒</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">，呼吸短促，</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">只有</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">坐起后症状才</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">渐渐</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">缓解。这是</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">因为</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">左心衰导致肺瘀血及支气管黏膜水肿、分泌物</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">增加</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">，</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">致使</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">呼吸道通气受阻所</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">导致</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">。</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">因为</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">老年人多有慢性肺部疾患</span>(如慢支、肺气肿等)病史，因而当心衰以呼吸道症状为突出表现时，</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">经常</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">被误诊为支气管炎或哮喘发作。</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">这两者又做何</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">区别呢？心源性咳喘与体位关系密切，卧位时症状重，坐</span>(立)位时症状</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">较轻</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">，</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">而且经常会</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">在夜间发作。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">尿少、浮肿貌似肾脏疾病</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">心衰病人</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">因为</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">心排血量</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">下降</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">，体循环瘀血，有效循环血量</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">下降</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">，肾血流</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">缺失</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">，</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">从而引起</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">24小时总尿量减少，夜尿相对</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">增加</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">。这是</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">由于</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">在夜间平卧休息状态下，回心血量增加，肾好于白天的缘故。与肾脏病</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">不一样的</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">是，心源性水肿多从人体下垂部位</span>(足踝、小腿)开始，而肾性水肿常常首先出现在面部。</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">再有就是</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">，心源性水肿病人尿常规多属正常，</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">而且同时伴随</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">心衰的其他症状和体征。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1980","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1030,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":1,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1520826919603,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1555257573719,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"12946","isDel":0,"createAt":1520671544073,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"治疗慢性心衰自有妙招","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">王阿姨因为左心衰引起腿肿且无法顺利的排尿，前些日子在医院注射了利尿剂，但是每一次注射完利尿剂都会发生血压偏低。她又只能注射升血压的药剂，但用完升压药之后，王阿姨的腿又变肿了，如此反复，很是让王阿姨苦恼不已。心衰合并低血压患者到底该如何用药？<strong>慢性心衰平衡血压</strong>有妙招。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1520671556384.jpg\" title=\"治疗慢性心衰自有妙招\" alt=\"治疗慢性心衰自有妙招\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　在很多慢性心衰患者中，大约有</span>20%患者合并有低血压，这类的患者病情危重，存在着比较高的死亡率。如果老年人出现慢性心衰合并低血压，千万要引起重视。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　为何很多慢性心衰常伴随低血压？是因为心衰患者心脏的收缩功能和舒张功能容易出现障碍，无法将静脉回心血量充分排出心脏，引起静脉系统血液淤积，动脉系统血液灌注不足，从而极易引发低血压。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　而且，老年人胃口减少，能量摄入下降，也是会引起血压偏低。再有，心衰患者常用的药物，比如利尿剂、血管扩张剂等的超剂量使用，也会导致血压降低。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　心衰低血压</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">平衡才是疗效</span></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　即使心衰性合并低血压对老年人的身体健康带来很大的威胁，但其实慢性心衰引发的低血压并非不能控制，主要还是要看如何平衡血压。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　首先是心衰低血压病人要明确自己的病因，但如果是药物导致低血压，可停用或调整用药剂量，但是病人切记不得自行调整药物用量，应当在医生指导下调整给药方法和剂量，或者是按照需要改用温和的降压药如复方降压片或中药等，如果必要时是可以停用降压药。对体位性低血压患者，卧位站立时注意千万不要过猛，防止因低血压导致摔跤。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　然后就是心衰低血压并不代表着不能运动，病人可以适当的加强锻炼提高身体素质，调节神经、血管的缓解功能，加速血液循环，减少直立性低血压的出现。老年患者锻炼应按照环境条件和自身的情况来选择运动项目，比如太极拳、散步、健身操等。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　最后，在饮食上，病患三餐不宜吃得过饱，防止回流心脏的血液减少。每日清晨可适当淡盐开水，因为较多的水分进入血液可增加血容量，从而平衡血压。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1980","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1035,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1520671544075,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1520671544075,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"7873","isDel":0,"createAt":1511146929642,"createBy":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"海绵宝宝","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"心力衰竭的死亡率很高，心衰能治好吗","content":"<p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心力衰竭的死亡率已经接近不少癌症了，</span>5年内死亡率高达50%，也就是说2个心力衰竭患者就有1个人会死亡。那么心力衰竭能不能治愈呢？</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1511147341377.jpg\" title=\"心力衰竭的死亡率很高，心衰能治好吗\" alt=\"心力衰竭的死亡率很高，心衰能治好吗\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">数据显示，全球心衰患者已高达</span>2300万，而这种疾病的5年死亡率高达50%，与不少恶性肿瘤相仿。那么心衰能治好吗？</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">心衰早期症状不明显</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">中国虽然没有确切的心衰患病率调查数据，但有高血压、冠心病和糖尿病巨大患者群，加上老龄化日趋严重，专家估计，中国心衰患病率与国外近似，患者至少在千万以上。心衰不是单一的疾病，而是复杂的临床综合征，背后有很多复杂的病因，如心肌炎、糖尿病、高血压等基础疾病都可能诱发心衰，在诊断上也是个复杂的过程。心衰的早期症状并不明显，通常发现时，</span>“病人自感体力疲乏，原来一口气可以上4楼，现在2楼就气喘要休息。晚上睡觉到半夜，感觉憋闷得不行，要坐起来，开窗呼吸空气才感到好转”，，出现这些典型心衰征兆才去治疗，其实已经有点晚了。如果已经有高血压、糖尿病等基础疾病，应该提前去医院进行检查，尽早发现心衰的迹象，在家庭和社区进行疾病管理。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">心衰能治好吗</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">心衰控制得好的话，病情是可以稳定下来的。但就心血管病总体而言，一旦得了此病，基本上都是慢性病，需要长时间来控制；既然是慢性病，就不是一个治愈的问题，而是一个控制的问题。心力衰竭也是一个控制的问题，要完全恢复到和正常人一样，是不容易的。但这并不等于说，心衰病人就不能享有正常人的生活，心衰病人病情稳定后，正常人一般的活动都是可以做的。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">心衰的治疗</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、急性心力衰竭</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">如果患者被确诊为急性心力衰竭的话，需要进行常规治疗。首先要进行吸氧，并且从经静脉给予强心剂或者是吗啡，同时患者要选择半卧或坐着，使两腿自然的下垂，这样才能将下肢静脉回流的状况减少。若是通过这些治疗患者的病情没有得到缓解的话，需要选择会用血管活性的药物。如果病情比较严重的患者需要采用外科手术和血液净化以及机械通气支持等多种非药物治疗方法。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、慢性心力衰竭</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">要是患者感染上了慢性心力衰竭，首先要根据自己的病因来进行治疗，一定要控制住糖尿病和高血压等危险的因素，并且积极的心力衰竭的诱因消除，将感染的情况控制住，同时纠正患者体内贫血和电解质紊乱的情况。然后再根据患者自身的病情来调整好强心剂和利尿剂以及硝酸酯的用量和用法，而神经内分泌抑制剂需要从小剂量慢慢的增加。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1980","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1064,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1511146929644,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1511146929644,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"7872","isDel":0,"createAt":1511146569693,"createBy":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"海绵宝宝","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"慢性心衰的饮食注意与三大症状","content":"<p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">慢性心衰是属于心脏疾病中的一种，对于慢性心衰患者来说在饮食方面应该有什么样的注意呢？慢性心衰的三大症状是什么吗？找良医网与大家进行交流。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1511146835929.jpg\" title=\"慢性心衰的饮食注意与三大症状\" alt=\"慢性心衰的饮食注意与三大症状\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">找良医网专家介绍，慢性心衰一般起病于基础心脏病，有三大症状，第一大症状是活动耐量下降，第二大症状是液体潴留，第三大症状是没症状，是在检查其他疾病时发现的。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">第一，活动耐量下降。比如病人在爬楼梯的过程中，之前可以</span>“一口气”爬三层，现在中间爬到一层就觉得憋气，不舒服，要停下来休息，这就是活动耐量下降。随着病情的进展，患者在不活动的时候也会出现胸闷、气短。比如，患者睡觉时会慢慢出现不能平卧，必须高枕卧位，垫两个、三个枕头，或者是半卧位，甚至端坐，才会觉得不憋气、不胸闷。还有一种病人会出现睡着后憋醒，被迫坐起，喘几分钟或者十几分钟才舒服，这些都是慢性心衰的临床表现。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">第二，液体潴留。心衰病人会出现下肢水肿，脚或小腿有水肿，用力按压会出现小坑。这可能是心衰患者最早期的首发症状，除了水肿，病人并无不适。还有一类患者是腹胀，容易被当成发胖，实际上是液体潴留之后出现了腹水。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">第三，没症状。很多情况下，心衰由于症状很隐蔽，很难被发现。有些患者是在检查其他方面的疾病时，做了心脏相关的检查，才发现心脏变大或者心电图出现异常，这时候才意识到有心衰的问题。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">对于心衰患者的日常饮食，</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">找良医网</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">建议最简单的就是限盐限水。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">全天钠的摄入量是</span>3.5克。主食，馒头、米饭、面条都含有盐，要将他们的含盐量控制在1.5克以下，除了主食以外，其余加起来2克，每天一共最多3.5克盐。含钠量高的榨菜、酱豆腐、腌制食物等尽量不要吃。这样基本能满足生理需要，又不至于引起过多的水钠潴留。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心衰患者的饮食中另外一个需要注意的就是限水。因为很多食物中都含水，比如饭、汤等，所以要注意控制总量。三餐，水果等，全算在一起，心衰患者要控制在每天</span>1500-2000毫升。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1980","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":984,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1511146569695,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1511146569695,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"type2":[{"id":"9160","isDel":0,"createAt":1513057689487,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"慢性心力衰竭的三大临床表现症状","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">慢性心力衰竭的三大临床表现症状</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1513058347055.jpg\" title=\"慢性心力衰竭的三大临床表现症状\" alt=\"慢性心力衰竭的三大临床表现症状\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1.运动耐力下降引起的症状 </span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">大多数心力衰竭患者是由于运动耐力下降出现呼吸困难或乏力而就医，这些症状可在休息或运动时出现。同一病人可能存在多种疾病，因此，说清运动耐量下降的确切原因是困难的。</span> </span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2.体液潴留引起的症状 </span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">患者可出现腹部或腿部水肿，并以此为首要或惟一症状而就医，运动耐量损害是逐渐发生的，可能未引起患者注意，除非仔细寻问日常生活能力发生的变化。</span> </span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3.无症状或其他心脏病或非心脏病引起的症状 </span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">患者可能在检查其他疾病（如急性心肌梗死、心律失常、或肺部或躯体血栓栓塞性疾病）时，发现心脏扩大或心功能不全表现。</span> </span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1980","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1008,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1513057689489,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1513057689489,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"7079","isDel":0,"createAt":1510032063948,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":1521708363395,"updateBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"梅油油","userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"这些症状提醒你需要警惕心力衰竭","content":"<p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">我们很多的老年人都<strong>出现了心衰</strong>这种疾病，此病的发生让他们的健康都受到了影响，如果不及时治疗会危及患者的生命，所以我们要了解心衰的典型症状，及早的发现病情，这样才能避免我们的身体不受到伤害，所以下面来看一下心衰的临床症状有什么吧。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1521709313247.jpg\" title=\"这些症状提醒你需要警惕心力衰竭\" alt=\"这些症状提醒你需要警惕心力衰竭\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">这些症状提醒你需要警惕心力衰竭</span> </span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、疲乏无力：乏力是心衰的早期信号。许多心衰患者都会在发病早期出现全身乏力、少气懒言等症状，甚至走路稍快或轻微劳动都可以导致气喘吁吁、心慌胸闷。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、咳嗽、气喘、夜间胸闷胸痛：频繁干咳、胸闷气喘都是心衰患者的常见症状，尤其是患者在夜间突然因胸闷胸痛而憋醒，被迫坐起后才能逐渐缓解，则更需注意，这些往往是左心心衰的症状。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3、食欲不振：食欲不振、恶心呕吐、腹胀……引发这些消化系统症状的罪魁祸首很有可能也是心衰。右心衰竭可以导致内脏瘀血，引发食欲不振、腹胀、恶心、呕吐等症状，病情严重者还可出现腹疼、腹泻。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4、尿少、浮肿：尿少、浮肿是心衰发生的一个重要信号，心功能变差可以导致尿量减少、瘀血，心衰患者往往会出现尿少、双脚或双小腿水肿等现象，且在劳累后加重。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">5、情绪或精神异常：这一类症状多出现在老年心衰患者身上，是老年心衰值得警惕的一大信号，往往表现为头晕、失眠、烦躁不安、幻觉、意识不清甚至昏迷等。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><br/></p>","barId":"1980","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":942,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1510032063951,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1510032063951,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"6799","isDel":0,"createAt":1509676416488,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":1524633898766,"updateBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"良药苦口","userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"专家向您解答  慢性心衰会引发什么疾病","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;<span style=\"font-family:宋体\">找良医网向您详细介绍</span></span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">慢性心衰会引起什么症状</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">，症状体现是什么？</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1509676893611.jpg\" title=\"专家向您解答  慢性心衰会引发什么疾病\" alt=\"专家向您解答  慢性心衰会引发什么疾病\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/><br/><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">血流迟缓和长期卧床可导致下肢静脉血栓形成，继而发生肺栓塞和肺梗塞，此时可有胸痛、咯血、黄疸、心力衰竭加重甚至休克等表现。左、右心腔内附壁血栓可分别引起体和肺动脉栓塞；体动脉栓塞可致脑、肾、脾、肠系膜梗塞及上、下肢坏死。有卵圆孔未闭者，体循环静脉血栓脱落形成的栓子，有可能在到达右房后穿过未闭的卵圆孔到达左房，再经左室进入体循环，形成所谓反常栓塞（</span>Paradoxical embolism）。长期卧床患者特别是有肺水肿者极易并发呼吸道感染，特别是支气管肺炎。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span><br/></p>","barId":"1980","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1011,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1509676416490,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1509676416490,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"6792","isDel":0,"createAt":1509675405795,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":1524633185618,"updateBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"良药苦口","userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"专家向您解答  慢性心衰的症状有哪些","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">慢性心衰</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">常见的症状：劳力性呼吸困难、端坐呼吸、夜间阵发性呼吸困难、乏力、疲倦、头昏、心慌；根据心衰发生的基本机制可分为收缩功能障碍性心衰和舒张功能障碍性心衰。临床上根据病变的心脏和淤血部位，可分为左心、右心和全心心衰，其中以左心衰开始较多见，以后继发肺动脉高压，导致右心衰，单纯的右心衰较少见。现将收缩功能障碍性心衰和舒张功能障碍性心衰的表现，分别予以讨论：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1509676340867.jpg\" title=\"专家向您解答  慢性心衰的症状有哪些\" alt=\"专家向您解答  慢性心衰的症状有哪些\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/><br/><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">一、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">左心衰竭症状</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　左心衰竭的症状，主要表现为肺循环淤血。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(1)疲劳、乏力：平时四肢无力一般体力活动即感疲劳乏力，是左心衰竭的早期症状。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(2)呼吸困难：是左心衰竭时较早出现和最常见的症状，为肺淤血和肺顺性降低而致肺活量减少的结果。呼吸困难最初仅发生在重体力劳动时休息后可自行缓解，称为“劳力性呼吸困难”。随着病情的进展，呼吸困难可出现在较轻的体力活动时，劳动力逐渐下降。有的则表现为阵发性夜间呼吸困难，通常入睡并无困难，但在夜间熟睡后，突然胸闷气急而需被迫坐起。轻者坐起后数分钟可缓解，但有的伴阵咳咳泡沫痰，若伴有哮喘，可称为心源性哮喘重者可发展为肺水肿。夜间阵发性呼吸困难的发生机制，可能与平卧时静脉回流增加，膈肌上升，肺活量减少和夜间迷走神经张力增高有关。左心衰竭严重时，患者即使平卧休息也感呼吸困难，被迫取半卧位或坐位，称为端坐呼吸，由于坐位时重力作用使部分血液转移到身体下垂部位，可减轻肺淤血，且横膈下降又可增加肺活量</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(3)急性肺水肿：急性肺水肿是指血浆渗入到肺间质，随后渗入到肺泡内，影响到气体交换，而引起的呼吸困难、咳嗽、泡沫痰等综合征。由心脏病所致的急性肺水肿称为“心源性肺水肿”，它是肺水肿中最常见最重要的类型，此处所讨论的均指心源性肺水肿而言。心源性肺水肿的常见病因为急性左心衰竭可因急性心肌梗死、乳头肌断裂、风湿性心瓣膜病、恶性高血压、急性心肌炎、肥厚型心肌病伴左室流出道梗阻先天性主动脉瓣下狭窄及严重的快速性心律失常等引起。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;<img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1509675909741.jpg\" title=\"专家向您解答  慢性心衰的症状有哪些\" alt=\"专家向您解答  慢性心衰的症状有哪些\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">二、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">右心衰竭症状</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(1)胃肠道症状：长期胃肠道淤血，可引起食欲不振恶心、呕吐、腹胀便秘及上腹疼痛症状。个别严重右心衰竭病例，可能发生失蛋白性肠病。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(2)肾脏症状：肾脏淤血引起肾功能减退，可有夜尿增多。多数病人的尿含有少量蛋白、少数透明或颗粒管型和少数红细胞。血浆尿素氮可升高，心衰纠正后，上述改变可恢复正常。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(3)肝区疼痛：肝脏淤血肿大后，右上腹饱胀不适，肝区疼痛，重者可发生剧痛而误诊为急腹症等疾患长期肝淤血的慢性心衰患者，可造成心源性肝硬化。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(4)呼吸困难：在左心衰竭的基础上，可发生右心衰竭后，因肺淤血减轻，故呼吸困难较左心衰竭时有所减轻。但开始即为右心衰竭者，仍可有不同程度的呼吸困难。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(5)体征：除原有心脏病体征外，右心衰竭后引起的变化，主要有以下几方面。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">①心脏体征：因右心衰竭多由左心衰竭引起，故右心衰竭时心脏增大较单纯左心衰竭更为明显，呈全心扩大。单纯右心衰竭患者，一般都可发现右心室和(或)右心房肥大。当右心室肥厚显著时，可在胸骨下部左缘，有收缩期强而有力的搏动。剑突下常可见到明显的搏动，亦为右室增大的表现。可闻及右室舒张期奔马律。右心室显著扩大，可引起相对性三尖瓣关闭不全，在三尖瓣听诊区可闻及收缩期吹风样杂音。若有相对性三尖瓣狭窄时，在三尖瓣听诊区可听到舒张早期杂音。 　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">②颈静脉充盈与搏动：右心衰竭时，因上、下腔静脉压升高，使颈外静脉、手背静脉及舌下静脉等浅表静脉异常充盈，并可出现颈静脉明显搏动。颈外静脉充盈较肝脏肿大或皮下水肿出现早，故为右心衰竭的早期征象。 　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">③肝大与压痛：肝脏肿大和压痛常发生在皮下水肿之前，且每一右心衰竭患者均无例外因此它是右心衰竭最重要和较早出现的体征之一。肝颈静脉回流征阳性是右心衰竭的重要征象之一，但亦可见于渗出性或缩窄性心包炎，右心衰竭在短时间内迅速加重者，肝脏急剧增大，可伸至脐部，疼痛明显，并出现黄疸，转氨酶升高。长期慢性右心衰竭患者发生心源性肝硬化时，肝脏质地较硬、边缘较锐利，压痛不明显。 　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">④下垂性水肿：下垂性皮下水肿，发生于颈静脉充盈及肝脏肿大之后，是右心衰竭的典型体征皮下水肿先见于身体的下垂部位。起床活动者水肿在足、踝及胫骨前较明显尤以下午为著随着病情的加重而呈上行性发展。卧床(仰卧)患者，则以骶部和大腿内侧水肿较显著。严重右心衰竭患者，呈全身持续性水肿。晚期全心衰竭患者因营养不良或肝功能损害，血浆蛋白过低，出现面部水肿时，预后恶劣。 　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">⑤大多数胸腔积液出现于全心衰竭的患者：主要与体静脉压和肺静脉压同时升高及胸膜毛细血管通透性增加有关。多同时发生在左右两侧胸腔，往往以右侧胸腔液量较多，单侧的胸腔积液者亦多见于右侧少数患者胸腔积液由单纯左心衰竭或右心衰竭引起。胸腔积液可诱发或加重呼吸困难。胸腔积液局限于右侧较多的原因有多种解释，较合理的解释为：右肺的平均静脉压较左侧高，同时右肺的容量较左肺大，右肺的表面滤出面积也就比左肺大。因此，心衰时常以右侧胸腔积液多见。或右侧胸腔积液量较左侧为多。 　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">⑥腹水：腹水可见于慢性右心衰竭或全心衰竭的晚期患者此类病人常合并有心源性肝硬化。 　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">⑦发绀：右心衰竭患者的发绀，较左心衰竭显著，但呼吸困难较之为轻。单纯右心衰竭所致者，发绀多为周围性，出现在肢体的下垂部分及身体的周围部位。全心衰竭患者，发绀呈混合性，即中心性与周围性发绀并存。 　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">⑧心包积液：严重而持久的右心衰竭病例，心包腔内可有异常数量的液体漏出，发生心包积液。 　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">⑨其他表现：某些心衰患者可出现奇脉。个别严重右心衰竭病例，可出现神经兴奋、焦虑不安等症状。可有显著营养不良、消瘦甚至恶病质</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;<img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1509675631489.jpg\" title=\"专家向您解答  慢性心衰的症状有哪些\" alt=\"专家向您解答  慢性心衰的症状有哪些\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\">　　<span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">三、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">全心衰竭症状</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　充血性心力衰竭常并发心律失常肺部感染、肝功能不全、肾功能不全、水与电解质紊乱等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　1.心律失常 充血性心力衰竭患者经常并发室上性和室性心律失常，严重的心律失常如室颤可导致死亡，猝死占死亡总数的40%～50%，随充血性心衰的进展其相对比例略有所下降。各种疾病致心衰的心律失常发生率中冠心病、风心病最高。注意有相当数量的心律失常不是由原发病所致，要寻找致心律失常的各种诱发因素，如缺血、电解质紊乱、与泵功能和电稳定性相互作用的某些药物如钙通道阻滞药和一些抗心律失常药物，洋地黄中毒和继发性疾病等。许多情况下心功能不全的心律失常是一过性的，一旦诱因解除，心律失常也随之好转。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　2.肺部感染 充血性心力衰竭患者多伴有肺循环淤血这增加了肺部感染的机会，同时心衰是决定肺部感染病情严重性和预后的重要因子。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　3.肝功能不全 心功能不全尤其是右心功能不全的患者均存在不同程度的淤血性肝脏改变。早期表现为可逆性肝淤血，慢性肝淤血可以导致心源性肝硬化</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　4.肾功能不全 正常情况下，休息状态下血液主要分布在肝脏(17%～24%)、肾脏(15%～19%)及脑循环(10%～15%)；而运动状态时，高达70%的血液转移到肌肉群。心衰患者。无论休息或运动时，由于外周阻力的增加及心排出量的减少，肾脏可出现血流量减少肾小球滤过率减低和肾血流重新分布的变化。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　5.水与电解质紊乱 心衰可出现顽固性水肿是由于神经体液调节紊乱和利尿抵抗等原因，同时肾脏的损害亦加重水钠潴留最终形成心-肾之间的恶性循环。心力衰竭时常并发各种电解质紊乱，常见低钠血症、低钾血症、高钾血症和低镁血症等。</span></p><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1980","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":798,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1509675405797,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1509675405797,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"6134","isDel":0,"createAt":1508563479952,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":1522738521366,"updateBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"良药苦口","userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"充血性心力衰竭（慢性心功能不全,慢性心衰）有哪些症状？","content":"<p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网向您详细介绍</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">充血性心力衰竭症状</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">，尤其是充血性心力衰竭的早期症状，充血性心力衰竭有什么表现？得了充血性心力衰竭会怎样？</span></p><p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1508563689865.jpg\" title=\"充血性心力衰竭（慢性心功能不全,慢性心衰）有哪些症状？\" alt=\"充血性心力衰竭（慢性心功能不全,慢性心衰）有哪些症状？\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><font face=\"宋体\">&nbsp;</font></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">早期症状：</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">早期征兆是：在原来心功能正常时，出现不明原因的疲乏或运动耐力降低以及心率增加</span>15～20次/分。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">晚期症状：</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">继续发展则出现睡觉需用枕头抬高头部、劳力性呼吸困难、夜间阵发性呼吸困难等；查体可见左心室增大、闻及舒张早期或中期奔马律，两肺尤其肺底部有湿啰音，还可有干啰音和哮鸣音。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">相关症状：</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">粉红色泡沫样痰、端坐呼吸、第三心音奔马律、心排血量增多、心肌营养障碍等；</span></span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！</span></p>","barId":"1980","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":935,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1508563479954,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1508563479954,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"metaSearch":{"description":"为您提供:慢性心衰有什么症状_慢性心衰的症状有哪些_慢性心衰能活多久_慢性心衰病友的治疗经验等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"慢性心衰有什么症状_慢性心衰的症状有哪些_慢性心衰能活多久","title":"慢性心衰有什么症状_慢性心衰的症状有哪些_慢性心衰能活多久","channels":{"病友社区":{"description":"为您提供:慢性心衰论坛_病友交流平台_病友论坛等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"慢性心衰论坛_病友交流平台_病友论坛","title":"慢性心衰论坛_病友交流平台_病友论坛","channels":null},"治疗":{"description":"为您提供:慢性心衰如何治疗_慢性心衰病人怎么治疗等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"慢性心衰如何治疗_慢性心衰病人怎么治疗","title":"慢性心衰如何治疗_慢性心衰病人怎么治疗","channels":null},"症状":{"description":"为您提供:慢性心衰主要表现_慢性心衰初期症状等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"慢性心衰主要表现_慢性心衰的症状有哪些","title":"慢性心衰主要表现_慢性心衰初期症状","channels":null},"并发症":{"description":"为您提供:慢性心衰后果_慢性心衰后遗症等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"慢性心衰后果_慢性心衰后遗症","title":"慢性心衰后果_慢性心衰后遗症","channels":null},"饮食":{"description":"为您提供:慢性心衰饮食禁忌_慢性心衰吃什么食物好等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"慢性心衰饮食禁忌_慢性心衰吃什么食物好","title":"慢性心衰饮食禁忌_慢性心衰吃什么食物好","channels":null},"病因":{"description":"为您提供:慢性心衰的病因_慢性心衰最常见的诱因等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"慢性心衰的病因_慢性心衰最常见的诱因","title":"慢性心衰的病因_慢性心衰最常见的诱因","channels":null},"病友求助":{"description":"为您提供:慢性心衰能治好吗_慢性心衰怎么办等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"慢性心衰能治好吗_慢性心衰怎么办","title":"慢性心衰能治好吗_慢性心衰怎么办","channels":null},"预防":{"description":"为您提供:慢性心衰怎么预防_慢性心衰 猝死预防等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"慢性心衰怎么预防_慢性心衰 猝死预防","title":"慢性心衰怎么预防_慢性心衰 猝死预防","channels":null}}},"focus":0,"type1":[{"id":"32963","isDel":0,"createAt":1736927164160,"createBy":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","createName":"海总剑客","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","title":"心脏在什么情况下需要放支架","content":"<p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size:20px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">回答粉丝朋友个问题：心脏在什么情况下需要放支架。如果发生急性心肌梗死，或者不稳定性心绞痛等情况下就要考虑植入支架。当患者急性心肌梗死发作时，需要争分夺秒开通血管，时间就是生命，时间就是心肌，不要有任何犹豫，能支架不溶栓。当患者心绞痛属于不稳定性心绞痛时，也可以考虑放支架，这样可以有效避免心梗急性发作。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size:20px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size:20px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">心脏如果有问题，不管放不放支架，首先要做的就是戒烟，包括远离二手烟，如果你烟瘾大烟龄久，可以用洞医六步轻松戒烟法轻松不遭罪戒烟。建议看看国内知名专家丁荣晶教授出版的《心肌梗死与心肌康复》视频图书，她用三小时的视频，手把手教你怎么逆转血管狭窄，怎么预防冠心病心梗，植入支架后怎么系统进行心脏康复，怎么让你的寿命比正常人寿命还要久等等，是个可以改变命运的视频图书，淘宝就有</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1980","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":171,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1736927164160,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1736927164160,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"6794","isDel":0,"createAt":1509675622722,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":1524633366150,"updateBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"良药苦口","userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"专家向您解答  慢性心衰的检查项目有哪些","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">慢性心衰</span></span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">的检查项目：超声心电图、</span>X线检查、放射性核素检查、心肌酶、生化相关实验室检查；</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1509675941684.jpg\" title=\"专家向您解答  慢性心衰的检查项目有哪些\" alt=\"专家向您解答  慢性心衰的检查项目有哪些\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/><br/><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">1、水、电解质紊乱及酸碱平衡失调；低钾血症或缺钾；低镁血症、低钠血症。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">2、心钠素(ANF)的血浆浓度增高但在心衰晚期其浓度可降低。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">3、尿常规检查 有少量蛋白、红细胞、透明管型或颗粒管型等。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">4、血清胆红素、丙氨酸转氨酶(谷丙转氨酶)及谷草转氨酶可略有增高。显著增高者多见于急性右心衰竭，偶见于慢性右心衰竭。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">5、可有轻度氮质血症，低氯性代谢性碱中毒及代谢性酸中毒等。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">6、心力衰竭最有诊断意义的指标为脑钠肽（BNP）。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">辅助检查</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">1、X线检查 左心衰竭时X线检查可发现左室或左房扩大。可出现肺淤血、间质性肺水肿、肺泡性肺水肿等肺静脉压增高的改变慢性左心衰竭时，可见肺叶间胸膜增厚，或有少量胸腔积液右心衰竭继发于左心衰竭者，X线检查显示心脏向两侧扩大。单纯右心衰竭者，可见右房及右室扩大，肺野清晰此外，上腔静脉阴影增宽，可伴有两侧或单侧胸腔积液由慢性肺心病引起的右心衰竭，有肺气肿、肺纹理粗乱及支气管感染征象。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">2、血循环时间测定 左心衰竭患者臂至舌循环时间延长，多在20～30s(正常值为9～16s)右心衰竭患者其臂至肺时间延长，可达8s以上(正常4～8s)；同时有左心衰竭者，臂至舌时间亦可明显延长；而单纯右心衰竭者，臂至舌循环时间应在正常范围。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">3、心电图检查 心电图检查可发现心房、心室肥大、心律失常、心肌梗死等基础心脏病变。心电图上V1导联P波终末向量(PTF-V1)是反映左心功能减退的良好指标。研究表明，PTF-V1与肺动脉楔压有一定关系，可间接反映左房及左心室的负荷及功能状态在无二尖瓣狭窄时，若PTF-V1小于-0.03mm/s，提示早期左心衰竭的存在。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">4、心功能检查及血流动力学监测 心功能检查及血流动力学监测既往主要用于急性心肌梗死所致的泵功能衰竭，近来还用于心肌病、瓣膜性心脏病伴发的心衰。尤其无创伤性血流动力学监测技术的发展，已广泛地用于各种心脏病变在心力衰竭诊治、监护中具有重要价值。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><br/></p>","barId":"1980","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":949,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1509675622724,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1509675622724,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"6790","isDel":0,"createAt":1509675115957,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":1524633053158,"updateBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"良药苦口","userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"专家向您推荐  慢性心衰的治疗方法有哪些","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网向您详细介绍，</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">慢性心衰的治疗方法有哪些</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">？如何治疗？</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1509675222521.jpg\" title=\"专家向您推荐  慢性心衰的治疗方法有哪些\" alt=\"专家向您推荐  慢性心衰的治疗方法有哪些\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">1、休息和限制活动：休息是减轻心脏负荷和能量消耗的重要措施之一，但休息的程度应视心衰轻重而定。心功能轻度降低者，可允许做一些轻度活动或从事一些轻便工作；反之，若心功能不全属于Ⅲ～Ⅳ级者，则应限制活动，甚至卧床休息急性左心衰宜采取半坐卧位。但长期卧床休息易发生静脉血栓、肢体失用性萎缩食欲减退等症状。因此待病情改善后应鼓励病人作轻度活动，做到动静结合才有利于康复。必须指出，休息不仅仅是肉体上休息更重要的是精神和脑力上休息，对焦虑不安、失眠者可给予镇静药。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">2、限制水、钠摄入：心衰病人的饮食宜清淡和少吃多餐，食物应富含维生素和易消化，并注意热量平衡。对于肥胖冠心病者宜低热量低脂饮食，适当减肥。长期营养不良的慢性病者，则要保证营养增强体质适当限制钠盐摄入对消除水肿有效轻度心衰每天氯化钠摄入应控制在5g左右中度心衰者为2.5g，重度者为1.5g，必要时采取戒盐饮食但严格戒盐往往会影响病人食欲，必须全面考虑利弊。若能每周测体重1次对发现隐性水肿和调节钠盐摄入量颇有帮助。在限钠情况下，一般水分可不加限制，但重度心衰、明显水肿者，每天水分摄入应控制在2000ml左右。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">3、利尿药的应用：经适当限制水、钠摄入仍有水肿者可应用利尿药，它不仅可以消肿，且可减少血容量和改善血流动力学，降低肺动脉阻力和肺毛细血管楔压，扩张静脉，降低心脏前负荷；利尿药还能降低动脉血压而减轻心脏前负荷从而增加心输出量，改善体肺循环的淤血症状和心功能。此外，醛固酮拮抗药通过肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统，尚能抑制心肌肥厚，改善心脏重塑作用。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">4、血管扩张药：本类药物通过降低外周血管阻力和心室排血阻力，减轻心脏后负荷，或是通过降低静脉张力，扩张容量血管使回心血量减少，从而降低心室舒张末压和容量，减轻心脏前负荷，减少心肌耗氧量，改善心室功能。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span><br/></p>","barId":"1980","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":910,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1509675115959,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1509675115959,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"type0":[{"id":"32964","isDel":0,"createAt":1736927188252,"createBy":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","createName":"海总剑客","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"6f08827db09911e6927f00163e04584d","title":"心脏装支架后悔了","content":"<p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size:20px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">很多人都反应在心脏装支架后后悔了，但是心脏支架的厚度很小，一般在0.1-0.08mm。心脏支架一旦植入到人体时，里面的细胞会重新生长，逐渐包裹覆盖，所以一旦植入就无法取出。即使感到后悔也没有特殊方法把它取出来。好在目前已经有可降解支架问世，随着时间推移能被身体逐渐溶解、吸收，对身体无害，所以根本无需后悔。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size:20px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">不管植入的是可降解支架还是普通的金属支架，吸烟朋友都需要戒烟，这是血管硬化主要元凶，对血管危害非常大，吸烟朋友如果想戒烟，可以用洞医六步轻松戒烟法轻松不遭罪戒烟。建议看看国内知名专家丁荣晶教授出版的《冠心病心肌梗死与心肌康复》视频图书，她用三个小时视频，手把手教你怎么逆转血管狭窄，支架后怎么系统进行心脏康复，怎么让心脏康复的比发病前状态还要好，是个可以改变命运的视频图书，淘宝上就有这个视频图书</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1980","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":239,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1736927188253,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1736927188253,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"7075","isDel":0,"createAt":1510030791968,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":1521707944292,"updateBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"梅油油","userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":" 慢性心力衰竭的主要病因","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">老年人由于体制逐渐减弱容易患上一些心血管疾病。而慢性心力衰竭就是其中的一种疾病。找良医网为你你介绍一下<strong>导致慢性心力衰竭疾病</strong>的原因是什么呢？</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1521708000500.jpg\" title=\" 慢性心力衰竭的主要病因\" alt=\" 慢性心力衰竭的主要病因\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、高动力循环状态：包括甲状腺功能亢进，贫血，维生素b1缺乏，体循环动静脉瘘等。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、心室后负荷过重：包括各种原因所致肺动脉高压，体循环高压（原发性和继发性高血压），左，右心室流出道狭窄以及主，肺动脉口狭窄等。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3、心室前负荷过重：包括各种原因所致的瓣膜关闭不全，心内或大血管内分流性疾病，如房室间隔缺损，动脉导管未闭，主动脉窦瘤破裂，动静脉瘘等。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4、心室前负荷不足：导致左和（或）右心房，体循环和（或）肺循环淤血，这类疾病包括二，三尖瓣狭窄，心房黏液瘤，心包炎，心脏压塞和限制型心肌病等。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">5、心肌舒缩功能障碍：这是引起心衰最常见原因，包括各种原因所致心肌炎，心肌病，心肌梗死，缺血性心脏病，心肌代谢障碍（如缺氧，缺血，水，电解质和酸碱失衡等），其中以舒张功能不全为主，见于高血压，左室肥厚，肥厚型心肌病，主动脉和（或）肺动脉口狭窄，限制型心肌病等。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><br/></p>","barId":"1980","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1014,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1510030791970,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1510030791970,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"6846","isDel":0,"createAt":1509690290759,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":1521200411866,"updateBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"梅油油","userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"慢性心力衰竭是怎么回事","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心力衰竭是由于心肌梗死、心肌病、血流动力学负荷过重、炎症等任何原因引起的心肌损伤，造成心肌结构和功能的变化，最后导致心室泵血或充盈功能低下。临床主要表现为呼吸困难、乏力和体液潴留。慢性心力衰竭（</span>CHF）是指持续存在的心力衰竭状态，可以稳定、恶化或失代偿。治疗心衰的目标不仅要改善症状、提高生活质量，而且要针对心肌重构的机制，延缓和防止心肌重构的发展，降低心衰的住院率和死亡率。</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">那么</span><strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">慢性心力衰竭是怎么回事</span></strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">？</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1521200795812.jpg\" title=\"慢性心力衰竭是怎么回事\" alt=\"慢性心力衰竭是怎么回事\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(1)前负荷过重　心室舒张回流的血量过多，如主动脉瓣或二尖瓣关闭不全，室间隔缺损，动脉导管未闭等均可使左心室舒张期负荷过重，导致左心衰竭;先天性房间隔缺损可使右心室舒张期负荷过重，导致右心衰竭。贫血、甲状腺机能亢进等高心排血量疾病，由于回心血量增多，加重左、右心室的舒张期负荷，而导致全心衰竭。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(2)后负荷过重　如高血压、主动脉瓣狭窄或左心室流出道梗阻，使左心室收缩期负荷加重，可导致左心衰竭。肺动脉高压，右心室流出道梗阻，使右心室收缩期负荷加重，可导致右心衰竭。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(3)心肌收缩力的减弱　常见的如由于冠状动脉粥样硬化所引起的心肌缺血或坏死，各种原因的心肌炎(病毒性、免疫性、中毒性、细菌性)，原因不明的心肌病，严重的贫血性心脏病及甲状腺机能亢进性心脏病等，心肌收缩力均可有明显减弱，导致心力衰竭。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(4)心室收缩不协调　冠心病心肌局部严重缺血招致心肌收缩无力或收缩不协调，如室壁瘤。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(5)心室顺应性减低　如心室肥厚、肥厚性心肌病，心室的顺应性明显减低时，可影响心室的舒张而影响心脏功能。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1980","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1061,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1509690290761,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1509690290761,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"6797","isDel":0,"createAt":1509676176995,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":1524633439093,"updateBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"良药苦口","userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"专家向您解答 慢性心衰如何鉴别诊断","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">亚临床型心衰或称</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">早期心衰</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">，或称隐性</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">心衰</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">。通常指无明显的症状和明确的体征，常不被患者本人感知，也常被医师漏诊，而实际上患者的血流动力学检测能证明已有心衰存在。一般认为如右心室舒张末压</span>≥10mmHg，左心室舒张末压≥18mmHg，肺毛细血管楔压≥16mmHg，分别是右心衰竭和左心衰竭的指标。在临床工作中，详细询问病史和体检能够早期发现心衰的存在，及时进行防治，可避免其发展为严重心衰。诊断早期心衰有以下10条线索。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1509676534521.jpg\" title=\"专家向您解答 慢性心衰如何鉴别诊断\" alt=\"专家向您解答 慢性心衰如何鉴别诊断\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/><br/><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(1)心悸、气短：冠心病、心肌炎或高血压病患者，在一般体力活动时出现心悸、气短症状，无心外原因可解释时，提示患者有心衰存在。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(2)夜间睡眠呼吸困难：任何心脏病患者出现夜间睡眠气短憋醒，头部有时须垫高，无心外原因可解释时则是由心衰引起。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(3)尿少：心脏病患者一旦有尿量减少或体重增加，是心衰的早期征象。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(4)肺底呼吸音减低：为肺淤血的早期征象，但特异性较小，如能和其他心衰表现结合起来则具有重要诊断意义。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(5)交替脉：在有心肌受损和(或)有左心衰竭可能的病人，如出现无其他原因可解释的交替脉，可视为心衰的早期征象。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(6)肝颈静脉回流征阳性：为右心衰竭的早期征象</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(7)第三心音奔马律：在有左心衰竭因素的患者出现第三心音奔马律往往是左心隐性衰竭的一个重要征象。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(8)肝脏早期淤血肿大：为右心衰竭的早期灵敏指标，尤其是婴幼儿的心衰。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(9)心电图PV1，终末向量阳性：心电图V1导联P波终末向量(PTF-V1)阳性是诊断左心衰竭的常见重要指标(二尖瓣狭窄例外)。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(10)肺中上野纹理增粗：胸片上显示两肺中上野肺静脉纹理增粗和(或)看到Kerleyβ线对心衰的早期诊断有重要意义。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;<img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1509676881048.jpg\" title=\"专家向您解答 慢性心衰如何鉴别诊断\" alt=\"专家向您解答 慢性心衰如何鉴别诊断\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　临床型诊断</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(1)充血性心力衰竭： 　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">A.主要条件： </span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">a.夜间阵发性呼吸困难和(或)睡眠时憋醒。 </span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">b.颈静脉怒张或搏动增强。 </span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">c.肺部啰音和(或)呼吸音减弱，尤其是双肺底 </span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">d.心脏扩大。 </span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">e.急性肺水肿。 </span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">f.非洋地黄所致交替脉。 </span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">g.第三心音奔马律 </span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">h.颈静脉压升高&gt;15cmH2O。 </span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体;font-size:16px\">i.&nbsp;</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">循环时间</span>&gt;25s。 </span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">j.X线胸片中、上肺野纹理增粗，或见到Kerley线，尤其是β线。 </span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">k.肝颈静脉逆流征阳性。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">B.次要条件： </span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体;font-size:16px\">a.&nbsp;</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">踝部水肿和</span>(或)尿量减少而体重增加。 </span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体;font-size:16px\">b.&nbsp;</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">无上呼吸道感染夜间咳嗽</span> </span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体;font-size:16px\">c.&nbsp;</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">劳力性呼吸困难。</span> </span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体;font-size:16px\">d.&nbsp;</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">淤血性肝大，有时表现为肝区疼痛或不适。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体;font-size:16px\">e.&nbsp;</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">胸腔积液。</span> </span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体;font-size:16px\">f.&nbsp;</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">潮气量降低最大量的</span>1/3。 g.心动过速(心率≥120次/min) 　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">C.判断方法：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:32px;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">具有</span>2项主要条件或1项主要条件及2项次要条件可确诊。这一标准主要是依据流行病学调查结果得出的，没有血流动力学检测数据。因此使用该标准有一部分心力衰竭将被漏诊。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:32px;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">②Boston心力衰竭诊断标准：1985年Carlson等以肺毛细血管楔压&gt;12mmHg作为心力衰竭的诊断依据，提出了诊断充血性心衰的Boston诊断标准。这一标准采用积分的方法综合了病史、体格检查及胸部X线结果，上述三大项每一项的最高积分是4分。如果总积分达8分以上，可以诊断为充血性心力衰竭；总积分为5～7分时可疑心衰；少于4分无心衰。这一标准将病史体征及胸部X线检查进行综合，以血流动力学检测作为依据，故该标准较为可靠。 　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:32px;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">③左室舒张功能障碍性心衰的诊断：上述心力衰竭的诊断标准系指收缩功能障碍性心衰，而左室舒张功能障碍性心衰有其不同特点，国内外尚无统一诊断标准为了临床诊治的需要，中国心力衰竭协会(CFHA)召开的第二届全国心力衰竭学术会(1993年10月·天津)制订了左室舒张功能障碍性心衰诊断参考标准，试行2年，经第三届全国心力衰竭学术会(1995年5月·大连)修订，现收录于下： 　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:32px;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体;font-size:16px\">A.&nbsp;</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">诊断依据：</span> </span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体;font-size:16px\">a.&nbsp;</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">有肯定的左室充血性心力衰竭的临床表现，伴有易引起舒张功能障碍的心脏病，如高血压病、冠心病、肥厚型心肌病、主动脉瓣狭窄、心肌淀粉样变等；但无瓣膜反流及心内异常分流存在。</span> </span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体;font-size:16px\">b.&nbsp;</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">体检无心界扩大或仅轻度增大。</span> 　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(2)泵衰竭的诊断：Framingham及Boston标准都是用于慢性充血性心衰的诊断。通常来说，这些标准对于诊断并发于急性心肌梗死的泵衰竭是不适用的。Forrester等按血流动力学改变和临床表现将急性心肌梗死分为4型</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;<img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1509676333897.jpg\" title=\"专家向您解答 慢性心衰如何鉴别诊断\" alt=\"专家向您解答 慢性心衰如何鉴别诊断\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　鉴别诊断</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1.左心衰竭的鉴别诊断 左心衰竭需与其他疾病所致的呼吸困难相鉴别 </span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(1)支气管哮喘：支气管哮喘与心脏性哮喘的鉴别。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(2)气管与支气管肺癌：癌肿患者的病史多较短，气急无明显的发作性，哮鸣音多局限于某一部位，呼气时较明显。无心脏病的病史和体征。X线可发现肺部癌肿征象。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(3)慢性支气管炎并肺气肿：患者一般病程较长，气急呈进行性加重，而无夜间阵发性发作的特点。有典型的肺气肿体征。虽可有右室增大，但无左室增大及病理性杂音。X线检查有肺气肿征象及肺纹理粗乱等</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(4)神经性呼吸困难：多为神经症患者，以女性多见，呈叹气样呼吸。自觉吸气不够胸闷，但做一次深呼吸后，胸部暂时感到舒适，呼吸频率不增加。无心脏疾病史及体征</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(5)代谢性酸中毒呼吸：呼吸深大但患者无呼吸困难感觉，能平卧，有引起代谢性酸中毒的原发病(尿毒症、糖尿病等)，呼出气体有特殊气味，无心脏病的证据。血化验示二氧化碳结合力明显降低，血气分析示pH降低，二氧化碳分压升高。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(6)老年、衰弱、肥胖及严重贫血等可产生劳力性呼吸困难，但无左心衰竭的其他征象。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(7)大量腹水、胃肠道疾病引起的严重腹胀、妊娠后期、巨大卵巢囊肿等可产生端坐呼吸但并非心脏病所致，不可混淆。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　2.右心衰竭的鉴别诊断 右心衰竭需与一些具有颈静脉怒张、静脉压升高、肝大水肿、腹水及胸腔积液等表现的疾病相鉴别。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(1)心包积液或缩窄性心包炎：有静脉压增高颈静脉充盈或怒张、肝大、水肿和腹水等表现与右心衰竭相似。但既往无心脏病史心脏搏动弱，心音遥远。心包积液者，心浊音界向两侧明显扩大，心尖搏动在心浊音界之内侧心影随体位改变而改变如站立或坐位时心影呈烧瓶状，卧位时心底部增宽，并有奇脉，静脉压显著升高。胸部透视时，肺野清晰，无淤血现象。心电图示低电压及ST-T改变超声心动图可显示心包积液的液性暗区。如为缩窄性心包炎，X线摄片可见蛋壳样钙化影计波摄影亦有助于鉴别诊断。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(2)心源性水肿与肾源性水肿的鉴别：肾源性水肿发生迅速，从眼睑、颜面开始而遍及全身，有的开始即可有全身水肿。水肿性质软而易移动，伴有其他肾病的征象如高血压蛋白尿、血尿、管型尿等改变，可与心源性水肿鉴别。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(3)门脉性肝硬化：虽可有腹水、水肿，但无心脏病史无心脏病体征，肺内无湿啰音，无颈静脉怒张，肝颈静脉回流征阴性。可见腹壁静脉曲张及蜘蛛痣腹水量较多，常有明显脾大外周水肿不如心脏病显著，肝功能多有明显改变。但右心衰竭晚期，亦可发生心源性肝硬化。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(4)极度肥胖综合征(pickwickian syndrome)：患者有嗜睡、发绀、周期性发绀加重低血氧、继发性红细胞增多、右心室肥大及心力衰竭，但无心、肺疾病的既往史。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(5)腔静脉综合征：当上、下腔静脉受肿瘤、肿大淋巴结压迫或血栓阻塞时，可使血液回流受阻，出现颈静脉怒张、上肢或下肢水肿、肝大等表现，与心力衰竭相似，易致误诊但患者心界不大，心脏无病理性杂音，亦无肺淤血的症状与体征。X线检查有助于鉴别</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　3.收缩与舒张功能障碍性心衰的鉴别诊断 不论收缩和舒张功能障碍引起的心衰均表现为体循环和(或)肺循环淤血从症状和体征上难以区别二者。但舒张功能障碍性心衰射血分数不降低，心脏不扩大，两者可通过特殊仪器检查进行鉴别,在治疗上亦有明显差异。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！</span></p><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1980","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":947,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1509676176997,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1509676176997,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"6787","isDel":0,"createAt":1509673593176,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":1524553283662,"updateBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"良药苦口","userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"专家向您解答  慢性心衰是怎么引起的","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">你听说过慢性心衰吗？你知道</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">慢性心衰是怎么引起的</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">吗？找良医网在本文中为您详细介绍，一起来看一下吧！</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1509674341260.jpg\" title=\"专家向您解答  慢性心衰是怎么引起的\" alt=\"专家向您解答  慢性心衰是怎么引起的\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/><br/><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><font face=\"宋体\">&nbsp;</font></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">1、心肌舒缩功能障碍：这是引起心衰最常见原因，包括各种原因所致心肌炎、心肌病、心肌梗死、缺血性心脏病、心肌代谢障碍(如缺氧、缺血，水、电解质和酸碱失衡等)。其中以舒张功能不全为主见于高血压左室肥厚肥厚型心肌病、主动脉和(或)肺动脉口狭窄、限制型心肌病等。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">2、心室前负荷过重：包括各种原因所致的瓣膜关闭不全，心内或大血管内分流性疾病如房室间隔缺损、动脉导管未闭、主动脉窦瘤破裂、动静脉瘘等。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">3、心室后负荷过重：包括各种原因所致肺动脉高压，体循环高压(原发性和继发性高血压)，左、右心室流出道狭窄以及主肺动脉口狭窄等。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">4、心室前负荷不足：导致左和(或)右心房、体循环和(或)肺循环淤血，这类疾病包括二、三尖瓣狭窄、心房黏液瘤、心包炎、心脏压塞和限制型心肌病等。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">5、高动力循环状态：包括甲状腺功能亢进、贫血、维生素B1缺乏、体循环动静脉瘘等。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！</span></p><p 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