{"type5":[],"type4":[{"id":"12354","isDel":0,"createAt":1517972593356,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"专家向您解答脑积水的饮食注意事项有哪些","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0px;\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">脑积水的饮食护理很重要的，虽然说，所有的疾病都会有关于食疗的方法，这种回答是不确定的。但是可以肯定的是，只要有食疗方法的都会有用的，那么，</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">脑积水的饮食注意事项</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">有哪些呢？找良医网来告诉您：</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 5px; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1517973118940.jpg\" title=\"专家向您解答脑积水的饮食注意事项有哪些\" alt=\"专家向您解答脑积水的饮食注意事项有哪些\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">急性脑积水患者因病情危重，加之病人常有呕吐、多汗、发热、呼吸困难、缺氧、应用脱水剂和利尿剂，很容易出现脱水、酸中毒及电解质紊乱，因此在急性期保证营养供应、维持水电解质平衡、做好饮食护理，是极其重要的一环。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">病情稳定不能进食者由静脉输液补充营养和水分。每日的入量不宜过多，一般在</span>2000ml左右。病情较轻，意识较清醒、无吞咽障碍者，可帮助进食流质或半流质。食物宜清淡，少食多餐，温度不宜过冷过热。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">1、若脑积水患者咀嚼吞咽的随意运动受到影响，舌肌运动麻痹致使搅拌失灵，因此，不能将食物送至上、下齿之间，也不能将食物向咽部推动，但患者吞咽反射尚在，可将食物送到其舌根部，引起吞咽反射将食物吞下。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">2、脑积水伴高脂血症有动脉硬化者饮食中要限制动物脂肪，最好食用植物油。要多给予蔬菜、水果及含纤维素多的食物，以防便秘的发生。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">3、面部及舌瘫病人进食时，食物很容易从瘫痪侧口角掉出来，或潴留在瘫痪侧的颊部，喂食时，应让患者向健侧卧位。饭后要喂水冲洗口腔的残渣，或用棉球擦洗口腔，特别要注意洗净瘫痪侧颊部以防口腔炎症，减轻口臭，增强食欲，促进消化功能。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"2262","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1423,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1517972593357,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1517972593357,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"9711","isDel":0,"createAt":1513925379271,"createBy":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"海绵宝宝","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"脑积水患者的饮食调理有哪些呢","content":"<p style=\"white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 32px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; line-height: 32px;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1513925924317.jpg\" title=\"脑积水患者的饮食调理有哪些呢\" alt=\"脑积水患者的饮食调理有哪些呢\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; text-align: justify; line-height: 32px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; line-height: 32px;\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; text-align: justify; line-height: 32px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; line-height: 32px;\">脑是人体最重要的器官，一旦出现了脑积水之后，将对人体造成重大伤害，脑积水患者不同时期有不同的饮食方法，患病初期，脑积水患者可以用饮食进行调理，那么</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; line-height: 32px;\">脑积水患者的饮食调理</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; line-height: 32px;\">有哪些呢?</span></p><p style=\"white-space: normal; text-align: justify; line-height: 32px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; line-height: 32px;\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; text-align: justify; line-height: 32px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; line-height: 32px;\">现代研究显示，与脑积水食疗密切相关的物质主要有脂肪(不饱和脂肪酸)、蛋白质、糖、维生素C、维生素B族、维生素E、钙、微量元素锌、铜、硒等。含此类物质较多的有：野兔、猪、羊、鸭、鸡、鹌鹑、麻雀等动物肉;牡蛎、章鱼、海鱼类;核桃仁、芝麻、松子、花生仁、南瓜籽、葵花籽、西瓜籽、杏仁、干果、植物油等。</span></p><p style=\"white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; text-align: justify; line-height: 32px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; line-height: 32px;\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; text-align: justify; line-height: 32px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; line-height: 32px;\">脑积水食疗1：黑木耳6克，用水泡发，加入菜肴或蒸食。可降血脂、抗血栓和抗血小板聚集。</span></p><p style=\"white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; text-align: justify; line-height: 32px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; line-height: 32px;\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; text-align: justify; line-height: 32px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; line-height: 32px;\">脑积水食疗2：吃鲜山楂或用山楂泡开水，加适量蜂蜜，冷却后当茶饮。若中风并发糖尿病，不宜加蜂蜜。</span></p><p style=\"white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; text-align: justify; line-height: 32px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; line-height: 32px;\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; text-align: justify; line-height: 32px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; line-height: 32px;\">脑积水食疗3：川芎10g，桂枝10g，鸡血藤30g，葛根12g，羌活10g，归身10g，北芪60g，地龙 10g，三棱10g(炒)，炒莪术10g，石菖蒲 10g，乌梢蛇10g，赤芍10g，甘草6g，醋15g (冲服)。水煎服，每天1剂。有活血化瘀之功效。</span></p><p style=\"white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; text-align: justify; line-height: 32px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; line-height: 32px;\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; text-align: justify; line-height: 32px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; line-height: 32px;\">急性脑积水的两方面饮食调理：</span></p><p style=\"white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; text-align: justify; line-height: 32px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; line-height: 32px;\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; text-align: justify; line-height: 32px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; line-height: 32px;\">急性脑积水患者因病情危重，加之病人常有呕吐、多汗、发热、呼吸困难、缺氧、应用脱水剂和利尿剂，很容易出现脱水、酸中毒及电解质紊乱，因此在急性期保证营养供应、维持水电解质平衡、做好饮食护理，是极其重要的一环。</span></p><p style=\"white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; text-align: justify; line-height: 32px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; line-height: 32px;\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; text-align: justify; line-height: 32px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; line-height: 32px;\">急性脑积水患者病情稳定时不能进食者由静脉输液补充营养和水分。每日的入量不宜过多，一般在2000ml左右。病情较轻，意识较清醒、无吞咽障碍者，可帮助进食流质或半流质。食物宜清淡，少食多餐，温度不宜过冷过热。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"2262","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1483,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1513925379273,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1513925379273,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"9702","isDel":0,"createAt":1513913231515,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"脑积水患者饮食吃什么好","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1513914100175.jpg\" title=\"脑积水患者饮食吃什么好\" alt=\"脑积水患者饮食吃什么好\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">脑积水，脑积水怎么办呢？脑积水患者要如何饮食呢？下面就来了解一下脑积水患者饮食吃什么好？</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">脑积水患者怎么饮食</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　现代研究显示，与脑密切相关的物质主要有脂肪</span>(不饱和脂肪酸)、蛋白质、糖、维生素C、维生素B族、维生素E、钙、微量元素锌、铜、硒等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　脑重的</span>50%～60%是脂肪(不饱和脂肪酸)，不饱和脂肪酸是脑细胞构成的主要原料，其中主要是亚油酸、亚麻油酸和花生四烯酸等3种脂肪酸，尤其是前2种是构成脑细胞的重要成分。它们对促进脑细胞的发育并保证其良好的功能，具有十分重要的作用，但这几种脂肪酸又都不能在体内合成，必须由食物供给(必需脂肪酸)。因此，向脑提供质量优良、丰富的脂肪，可促进脑细胞发育和神经纤维鞘的形成，并保证它们的良好功能。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　含此类物质较多的有：野兔、猪、羊、鸭、鸡、鹌鹑、麻雀等动物肉</span>;牡蛎、章鱼、海鱼类;核桃仁、芝麻、松子、花生仁、南瓜籽、葵花籽、西瓜籽、杏仁、干果、植物油等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　维生素</span>C能促使细胞结构的坚固，并能消除细胞间结构的松弛或紧张状态，使机体的代谢机能旺盛，是脑发育的必要物质。若维生素C不足，则容易使脑细胞活动能力下降、功能障碍。若严重不足时，造成脑和身体对刺激的反应减弱，并易产生坏血病，易使牙齿、牙龈、皮肤、毛发、骨、关节等患病，甚至导致动脉硬化及癌症的发生。充足的维生素C可使大脑功能灵活、敏锐，并可提高儿童的智商。含此类物质较多的有酸枣、鲜枣、草莓、葡萄、柿子、金桔、苹果、梨、山楂、菠萝、萝卜叶、番茄、卷心菜、绿茶、马铃薯等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　蛋白质是脑细胞的主要成分之一，占脑干重的</span>30%～35%，是脑细胞兴奋和抑制过程的主要物质基础，在记忆、语言、思考、运动、神经传导等方面都具有重要作用，脑的发育和营养，与蛋白质的充足供应有密切关系。对人体和动物的研究资料表明，在蛋白质供应不足的情况下，脑细胞发育不良，其数目、大小及分支的丰富程度等都会受到影响;而且蛋白质缺乏对脑的影响严重者可以达到几代之久。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　含蛋白质较丰富的有：蛋类、野猪肉、野兔肉、野鸭、野鸡、鹌鹑、麻雀等</span>;非养殖的鱼贝类如牡蛎、章鱼、墨斗鱼、虾等;牛肉、猪肉、鸡肉等及大豆及大豆制品、花生仁、小豆、蚕豆、芝麻、核桃仁等干果类。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　微量元素锌对维持脑的功能具有一定作用，体内锌缺乏可影响儿童智力。锌对儿童及青少年的正常发育具有重要作用，并且锌亦是超氧化物歧化酶等抗氧化物酶的辅酶，在抗衰老中具有一定作用。研究业已证实，体内锌、铜比例失调，可致动脉粥样硬化及中风等疾病发生率明显增高。含锌较丰富的食品有：牡蛎、麦芽、蘑菇、精制面粉、蛋类、兔肉、鸡肉、花生、豌豆、菜豆、黄瓜、大蒜等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　急性脑积水的饮食</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　急性脑积水患者因病情危重，加之病人常有呕吐、多汗、发热、呼吸困难、缺氧、应用脱水剂和利尿剂，很容易出现脱水、酸中毒及电解质紊乱，因此在急性期保证营养供应、维持水电解质平衡、做好饮食护理，是极其重要的一环。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　急性脑积水患者病情稳定时不能进食者由静脉输液补充营养和水分。每日的入量不宜过多，一般在</span>2000ml左右。病情较轻，意识较清醒、无吞咽障碍者，可帮助进食流质或半流质。食物宜清淡，少食多餐，温度不宜过冷过热。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">给急性脑积水患者喂食应注意：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体;font-size:16px\">1、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">若患者咀嚼吞咽的随意运动受到影响，舌肌运动麻痹致使搅拌失灵，</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">因此，不能将食物送至上、下齿之间，也不能将食物向咽部推动，但患者吞咽反射尚在，可将食物送到其舌根部，引起吞咽反射将食物吞下。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体;font-size:16px\">2、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">脑积水伴高脂血症有动脉硬化者饮食中要限制动物脂肪，最好食用植物油。要多给予蔬菜、水果及含纤维素多的食物，以防便秘的发生。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体;font-size:16px\">3、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">面部及舌瘫病人进食时，食物很容易从瘫痪侧口角掉出来，或潴留在瘫痪侧的颊部，喂食时，应让患者向健侧卧位。饭后要喂水冲洗口腔的残渣，或用棉球擦洗口腔，特别要注意洗净瘫痪侧颊部以防口腔炎症，减轻口臭，增强食欲，促进消化功能。</span> </span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"2262","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1224,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1513913231517,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1513913231517,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8780","isDel":0,"createAt":1512526775294,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"脑积水患者的饮食原则？脑积水患者怎么饮食","content":"<p style=\"margin: 0px; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512527728837.jpg\" title=\"脑积水患者的饮食原则？脑积水患者怎么饮食\" alt=\"脑积水患者的饮食原则？脑积水患者怎么饮食\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0px; text-indent: 0px;\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　现代研究显示，与脑密切相关的物质主要有脂肪（不饱和脂肪酸）、蛋白质、糖、维生素</span>c、维生素b族、维生素e、钙、微量元素锌、铜、硒等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　脑重的</span>50%～60%是脂肪（不饱和脂肪酸），不饱和脂肪酸是脑细胞构成的主要原料，其中主要是亚油酸、亚麻油酸和花生四烯酸等3种脂肪酸，尤其是前2种是构成脑细胞的重要成分。它们对促进脑细胞的发育并保证其良好的功能，具有十分重要的作用，但这几种脂肪酸又都不能在体内合成，必须由食物供给（必需脂肪酸）。因此，向脑提供质量优良、丰富的脂肪，可促进脑细胞发育和神经纤维鞘的形成，并保证它们的良好功能。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　含此类物质较多的有：野兔、猪、羊、鸭、鸡、鹌鹑、麻雀等动物肉；牡蛎、章鱼、海鱼类；核桃仁、芝麻、松子、花生仁、南瓜籽、葵花籽、西瓜籽、杏仁、干果、植物油等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　维生素</span>c能促使细胞结构的坚固，并能消除细胞间结构的松弛或紧张状态，使机体的代谢机能旺盛，是脑发育的必要物质。若维生素c不足，则容易使脑细胞活动能力下降、功能障碍。若严重不足时，造成脑和身体对刺激的反应减弱，并易产生坏血病，易使牙齿、牙龈、皮肤、毛发、骨、关节等患病，甚至导致动脉硬化及癌症的发生。充足的维生素c可使大脑功能灵活、敏锐，并可提高儿童的智商。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"2262","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1458,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512526775300,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512526775300,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"7376","isDel":0,"createAt":1510374803526,"createBy":"e8f7486fbba411e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"1516932689@qq.com","updateAt":1522309931574,"updateBy":"e8f7486fbba411e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"1516932689@qq.com","userId":"e8f7486fbba411e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"毛积水患者如何饮食","content":"<p style=\"text-indent: 28px; padding: 0px; line-height: 200%; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\"></span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:28px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%;background:rgb(255,255,255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">脑积水</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">除了要积极配合治疗外</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">，</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">我想大多数</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">脑积水患者</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">对饮食方面也不是很了解，</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">脑积水是指颅内脑脊液容量增加。除神经体征外，常有精神衰退或痴呆。严重危害患者健康，如发现疾病一定要及早治疗，下面我们</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">一起了解下在生活中</span></span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">脑积水患者</span></span></strong><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">应该如何</span></span></strong><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">饮食</span></span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">？</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:28px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%;background:rgb(255,255,255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 28px; padding: 0px; line-height: 200%; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1510375095452.png\" title=\"脑积水患者如何饮食\" alt=\"脑积水患者如何饮食\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></span></p><p style=\";text-indent: 28px;padding: 0;line-height: 200%;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\"><br/></span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:28px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%;background:rgb(255,255,255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">脑积水患者要多吃含有维生素</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">C的食物，因为</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">维生素</span>C能促使细胞结构的坚固，</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">还</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">能消除细胞间结构的松弛或紧张状态，使机体的代谢机能旺盛，是脑发育的必要物质。含此类物质较多的有酸枣、鲜枣、草莓、葡萄、柿子、金桔、苹果、梨、山楂、菠萝、萝卜叶、番茄、卷心菜、绿茶、马铃薯等。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:28px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%;background:rgb(255,255,255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:28px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%;background:rgb(255,255,255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">脑积水患者要多吃富含蛋白质的食物，因为</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">蛋白质是脑细胞的主要成分之一，占脑干重的</span>30%～35%，是脑细胞兴奋和抑制过程的主要物质基础，在记忆、语言、思考、运动、神经传导等方面都具有重要作用，脑的发育和营养，与蛋白质的充足供应有密切关系。含蛋白质较丰富的有：蛋类、野猪肉、野兔肉、野鸭、野鸡、鹌鹑、麻雀等；非养殖的鱼贝类如牡蛎、章鱼、墨斗鱼、虾等；牛肉、猪肉、鸡肉等及大豆及大豆制品、花生仁、小豆、蚕豆、芝麻、核桃仁等干果类。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:28px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%;background:rgb(255,255,255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:28px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%;background:rgb(255,255,255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">还有</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">急性脑积水患者喂食</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">一定要</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">注意</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">以下几点</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">：</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:28px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%;background:rgb(255,255,255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:28px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%;background:rgb(255,255,255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">1、若患者咀嚼吞咽的随意运动受到影响，舌肌运动麻痹致使搅拌失灵，因此，不能将食物送至上、下齿之间，也不能将食物向咽部推动，但患者吞咽反射尚在，可将食物送到其舌根部，引起吞咽反射将食物吞下。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:28px;text-indent:0;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%;background:rgb(255,255,255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:28px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%;background:rgb(255,255,255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">2、脑积水伴高脂血症有动脉硬化者饮食中要限制动物脂肪，最好食用植物油。要多给予蔬菜、水果及含纤维素多的食物，以防便秘的发生。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:28px;text-indent:0;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%;background:rgb(255,255,255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:28px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%;background:rgb(255,255,255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">3、</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">面部及舌瘫病人进食时，食物很容易从瘫痪侧口角掉出来，或潴留在瘫痪侧的颊部，喂食时，应让患者向健侧卧位。饭后要喂水冲洗口腔的残渣，或用棉球擦洗口腔，特别要注意洗净瘫痪侧颊部以防口腔炎症，减轻口臭，增强食欲，促进消化功能。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 0;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 0;padding: 0;line-height: 200%;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">找良医网温馨提示：以上就是关于</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">脑积水患者如何饮食</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">的</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">介绍，相信大家也应该有一定的了解了，希望各位定期做身体检查，养成良好的饮食习惯，形成健康的作息规律，千万不可忽视生活中的小细节。最后，祝愿大家身体健康！</span></span></p><p style=\";text-indent: 28px;padding: 0;line-height: 200%;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><br/></p>","barId":"2262","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1361,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1510374803528,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1510374803528,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"type3":[{"id":"8794","isDel":0,"createAt":1512530002117,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"脑积水危害 脑积水有三大危害不可不知","content":"<p style=\"margin: 0px; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512530567296.jpg\" title=\"脑积水危害 脑积水有三大危害不可不知\" alt=\"脑积水危害 脑积水有三大危害不可不知\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">疾病的产生和我们平时的一些生活习惯也是有着很大的联系的，我们都知道，平时我们很多的习惯都是不好的。现在我们都忙于工作和生活，所以在健康上面我们似乎都不是太重视的，这样对于身体也是很不</span>“负责”的。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　脑积水的产生和大家平时的不良习惯也是有很大的联系的，如果我们不能及时改掉我们的一些坏习惯的话，也是会患上脑积水的。任何疾病对于身体都是有危害的，脑积水也是一样的。今天我们就来看下脑积水的诊断以及治疗方法都有哪些吧。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　脑积水是因颅内疾病引起的脑脊液分泌过多或（和）循环、吸收障碍而致颅内脑脊液存量增加，脑室扩大的一种顽症，属中医</span>“解颅”的范畴。在临床上常见有颅内炎症，脑血管，脑外伤，各种内源性或外源性神经毒素，缺氧水和电解质紊乱，酸中毒，肝肾功能衰竭等都可通过脑积水的危害有哪些</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　脑是人体最重要的器官，脑重量虽只占全身重量的</span>2%，占全身血循环的15%，脑氧耗量成人为全身耗氧量的20%，儿童达40%，脑组织又是一个丰液体器，水分占80%，一旦水、电解质在脑组织中病理蓄积即造成脑积水，直接危害生命中枢，甚至造成严重后果。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　一般来说脑积水会造成以下三种结果</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　① 会导致智能障碍</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　可仅有轻度记忆力及计算力减退，常伴有迟钝、淡漠、缄默等。重者可呈痴呆。少数可有激动、易怒、哭笑无常、幻觉、谵妄等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　② 会导致行动障碍</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　常在精神症状出现后逐渐开始，有起步困难，行走缓慢不稳。肌张力和腱反射常增高，反射阳性。有时呈现轻偏瘫。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　③ 尿便障碍</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　尿便频繁、失禁或困难，有时仅在晚期出现。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　此外，尚可有眩晕、一过性意识障碍、眼球震颤、帕鑫森综合征等。不同机制造成液体在脑组织内积聚而成。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"2262","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1302,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512530002119,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512530002119,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8793","isDel":0,"createAt":1512529619341,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"脑积水常识 脑积水会有哪些后遗症呢","content":"<p style=\"margin: 0px; text-indent: 0px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512530137879.jpg\" title=\"脑积水常识 脑积水会有哪些后遗症呢\" alt=\"脑积水常识 脑积水会有哪些后遗症呢\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">脑积水是一种死亡率比较高的疾病，所以需要积极配合医生治疗。那么，脑积水会有哪些后遗症呢？</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp; 脑积水的后遗症</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　1、尿便障碍</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　尿便障碍是脑积水常见的后遗症之一。主要的症状是小便、大便频繁，经常出现尿失禁、大便失禁或者出现排尿困难、排便困难等情况，有些患者只在脑积水晚期出现上述后遗症。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　2、智力障碍</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　得了脑积水之后会影响智力，比如计算能力变差、记忆力下降、反应迟钝、神情淡漠，症状严重的患者，很可能会出现痴呆症状。另外，也有一些患者变得情绪激动、暴躁易怒，甚至出现幻觉、胡言乱语等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　3、肢体障碍</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　肢体障碍也是脑积水后遗症。一般是在精神方面出现问题之后才后续出现肢体障碍，比如走路困难、行动缓慢、容易摔跤，大部分情况下还会导致偏瘫。所以，我们经常看到偏瘫的脑积水患者，就是因为出现了后遗症所致。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　4、其他障碍</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　除了上述后遗症以外，还会出现其他障碍，比如经常会感到眩晕，影响视力，导致视力下降。比如出现一过性的意识障碍。另外，还可能会出现帕金森综合征、眼球震颤等后遗症。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　上面为大家介绍了常见的四大后遗症，希望广大患者和家属能够了解，同时生活中对出现脑积水的患者而言，一定要前往相关专科医院神经外科及时治疗，以免出现上述后遗症而影响健康。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"2262","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1348,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512529619343,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512529619343,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8792","isDel":0,"createAt":1512529523533,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"脑积水的临床类型都有哪几种","content":"<p style=\"margin: 0px; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512529544065.jpg\" title=\"脑积水的临床类型都有哪几种\" alt=\"脑积水的临床类型都有哪几种\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">脑积水的临床类型都有哪几种呢？下面就跟着小编一起来看看吧！希望小编的这篇文章可以帮助到你们！</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">脑积水给患者带来的危害是非常大的，甚至会影响到孩子的一生幸福，所以我们应该对脑积水有一定的了解，只有了解了才能做好相关的预防工作，日常生活当中，有很多的人会出现脑积水，这种疾病会严重的危害到身体，平时大家需要尽早了解这种疾病的存在。以免导致肝肾功能受到影响，而且要注意调节方式，全面的进行保健，并且要注意合理治疗，脑积水的临床类型都有哪几种？</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">脑积水的一些类型</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　（一）急性脑积水</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　急性脑积水发病快，一般而言，最快者可在数小时内出现颅内压增高的症状，有的可出现短暂或持久视力障碍。急性发作期，颅内的代偿能力差，较易出现意识障碍，若不及时抢救可发生脑疝而死亡。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　（二）慢性脑积水</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　脑积水发生的速度较缓慢，因颅内尚有一定的代偿能力，同时因骨缝分离、脑组织的退缩和脑室系统的扩大，使颅内容纳更多未被吸收的脑脊液。随着脑室的进行性扩张，使脑室周围的皮层脊髓束的传导纤维牵拉受损，出现步态和运动功能障碍。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">（三）正常颅内压脑积水</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　正常压力性脑积水是一个临床病理综合征，属于慢性脑积水的一种状态，虽然多数系交通性脑积水，但也包括一些不全梗阻性脑积水，如中脑导水管粘连、狭窄与后颅窝粘连等。其特点是脑脊液压力已恢复至正常的范围，但脑室和脑实质之间继续存在着轻度的压力梯度（压力差），这种压力梯度可使脑室继续扩大并导致神经元及神经纤维的损害。正常压力脑积水实际上是一种间歇性高颅压性脑积水。颅内压在病程中时有波动，或加重，或缓解。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　儿童也可发生正常压力性脑积水，致脑室进行性扩大，脑白质逐渐受损，但一般无颅高压征象，本病后期则呈代偿性脑积水，脑室停止扩大。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　（四）</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">静止性脑积水</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　是脑积水发展到一定程度之后自动静止的一种状态。主要特点是脑脊液的分泌与吸收趋于平衡，脑室和脑实质之间的压力梯度已消失，脑室的容积保持稳定或缩小，未再出现新的神经功能损害。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">如果怀疑宝宝有脑积水的时候，需要到医院接受哪些方面的检查呢？</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　1.婴幼儿头颅异常增大，前囟饱满隆起，反复呕吐、哭叫，头颅叩诊呈“破罐声”，双眼球呈“日落征”。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　2.头颅B超、X线照片检查示颅腔增大，颅骨变薄，颅缝增宽，囟门扩大。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　3.脑超声波检查示双侧脑室对称性扩大。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　4.头部CT或MRI检查可见脑室扩大的程度及可测量皮层的厚度，了解阻塞的部位及脑积水的病因。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　脑积水不但会影响孩子的健康而且还会让整个家庭都蒙上阴影，甚至有的家庭为了给孩子治疗疾病走上了倾家荡产的局面，为了避免造成更多影响，大家需要注意自己的生活事项，而且要注意有效的进行调理，有效的稳定患者情绪，避免造成神经功能受到损害，全面进行调理，可以进行脑部</span>ct检查，B超检查。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"2262","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1306,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512529523535,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512529523535,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8783","isDel":0,"createAt":1512527997882,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"外部性脑积水是怎么回事儿？该怎么应对","content":"<p style=\"margin: 0px; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512528551605.jpg\" title=\"外部性脑积水是怎么回事儿？该怎么应对\" alt=\"外部性脑积水是怎么回事儿？该怎么应对\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">外部性脑积水是怎么回事？想必这是很多人都会想要了解的，那么下面就跟着小编一起来看看吧！</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">脑积水是指由于先天畸形、感染、出血、肿瘤等原因导致人体颅内脑脊液量超过正常范围，发病率为</span>0.3%~0.5%。据统计，我国每年新增脑积水患儿15万左右。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">临床上，小儿脑积水主要分为梗阻性脑积水、交通性脑积水和外部性脑积水。外部性脑积水也称为外部性脑积水，实际上属于硬膜下积液的一种表现，可分为生理性外部性脑积水和病理性外部性脑积水。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　外部性脑积水是指颅内蛛网膜下腔的积液增多，即颅骨和大脑组织之间的一个腔隙内水的积聚过多。临床上认为婴儿在分娩时窒息、缺氧、新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病、蛛网膜下腔出血乃至不明确的原因，均可能导致外部性脑积水。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　临床上，外部性脑积水可分为生理性外部性脑积水和病理性外部性脑积水。生理性外部性脑积水是指孩子头颅生长不饱满，</span>CT检查显示硬膜下积液，此时可能诊断为外部脑积水或硬膜下积液，但属正常情况，只需观察即可，无需治疗，随着孩子的发育，积液会自然消失。病理性外部性脑积水则多是由于外伤或外科手术等导致是否处理则需要根据积液的多少来制定，如果少于1公分，则建议观察；如果超过1公分或者脑组织明显的受压，则可考虑处理。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">据统计，临床上约有</span>50%左右的外部性脑积水患儿会在生长发育过程中出现不同程度的异常或遗留不同程度的神经系统后遗症，最常见有运动发育迟缓、言语发育迟缓、行为问题等。此外，患者还可出现运动发育迟缓、一过性抽搐发作、热性惊厥、瘫痪、智能发育落后、癫痫、言语发育落后、体重不增加、易激惹、难喂养、易兴奋、多动、注意力难集中、学习困难或障碍等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　外部性脑积水患儿在出现病变时可能会出现多种异常，家长需要进行鉴别。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　1、多哭、易兴奋。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　2、激惹、易惊叫、惊跳。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">3、睡眠不宁、易醒。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　4、入睡难、持续睡眠时间短，每日总睡眠时间。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　5、喂养困难、吮奶差，易吐奶。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　6、头围增大、前囟闭合迟等也可能是外部性脑积水。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　目前，外部性脑积水多建议选择持续随访如果必要则需要通过外科手术处理。外部性脑积水临床处理可选择分流、外引流或颞肌吸收。分流和外引流可在短期内使得积水不在；颞肌吸收则是一个长期吸收积水的过程（一般来说可能需要一到两个月的时间）。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"2262","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1661,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512527997884,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512527997884,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8781","isDel":0,"createAt":1512526935887,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"脑积水怎么诊断","content":"<p style=\"margin: 0px; text-indent: 0px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512527460924.jpg\" title=\"脑积水怎么诊断\" alt=\"脑积水怎么诊断\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0px;\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　1.头围的动态观察</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　正常新生儿头围径（额、枕）为</span>33～35cm，出生后头6个月内增长较快，每月增加1.2～1.3cm，前半年可达8～10cm，后半年增加2～4cm，1岁时头围平均约46cm，第2年增加2cm，第3～4年增加2cm，5岁时达50cm，15岁时接近成人头围，为54～58cm。脑积水病儿，头围可达正常值的2～3倍。头围测量一般测3个径，即周径、前后径、横径。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　2.颅骨X线平片</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　在婴儿可见头颅增大、颅骨变薄、板障结构稀少甚至完全消失，血管沟变浅或消失，颅缝分离、囟门扩大及颅面骨的比例失调等。在儿童则可见蝶鞍扩大、后床突吸收、脑回压迹加深等颅内高压表现，部分病儿可见额骨孔。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　3.CT和MRI</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　是诊断脑积水的主要和可靠方法，有助于明确病因、分类和区别其他原因引起的脑室扩大，且可观察分流术后脑室变化情况以追踪分流术的效果。无论何种类型的脑积水，在</span>MRI或CT片上均表现为病变部位以上的脑室和脑池扩大，以侧脑室的颞角和额角变钝、变圆最为典型。第三脑室的扩大也较为明显，首先为视隐窝和漏斗隐窝，以后是前后壁。侧脑室枕角扩大较晚，但诊断意义最大。对于一些凭经验无法判断的病例，则可以用已建立的测量标准进行评估。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　这里介绍计算脑室径与双顶间径比例（</span>ventricular/biparetalratio，V/BP）的方法：在显示侧脑室最大径的CT层面上，测量侧脑室中间部分的脑室径（V）与双顶间径（BP）的比值（V/BP）；正常值《25%；26%～40%为轻型脑积水；41%～60%为中型脑积水；61%～90%为重型脑积水；90%以上为极重型。轻型脑积水能自动好转和稳定，其余各型脑积水需行脑室分流术，中型和重型脑积水分流术后预后良好者占87%，极重型病人在分流术后预后良好者仅占31%。CT和MRI还可以显示扩大的侧脑室旁脑白质内的间质性水肿，尤以MRI较为明显。另外，MRI在诊断导水管狭窄、阻塞方面已基本替代脑室造影。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　4.脑室造影、放射性核素扫描</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　对于高压性脑积水而言，由于临床症状明显，手术指征容易确定，因此通常只要进行</span>CT和MRI检查就可以明确脑积水的程度、病因。脑室造影、放射性核素扫描等检查仅用于常压性脑积水的诊治。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"2262","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1391,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512526935889,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512526935889,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8779","isDel":0,"createAt":1512526678533,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"脑积水危害 脑积水有三大危害不可不知","content":"<p style=\"margin: 0px; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512527067751.jpg\" title=\"脑积水危害 脑积水有三大危害不可不知\" alt=\"脑积水危害 脑积水有三大危害不可不知\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">脑积水是常见的脑外科疾病，导致脑积水的原因有很多，那么脑积水有什么危害呢？</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">疾病的产生和我们平时的一些生活习惯也是有着很大的联系的，我们都知道，平时我们很多的习惯都是不好的。现在我们都忙于工作和生活，所以在健康上面我们似乎都不是太重视的，这样对于身体也是很不</span>“负责”的。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　脑积水的产生和大家平时的不良习惯也是有很大的联系的，如果我们不能及时改掉我们的一些坏习惯的话，也是会患上脑积水的。任何疾病对于身体都是有危害的，脑积水也是一样的。今天我们就来看下脑积水的诊断以及治疗方法都有哪些吧。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　脑积水是因颅内疾病引起的脑脊液分泌过多或（和）循环、吸收障碍而致颅内脑脊液存量增加，脑室扩大的一种顽症，属中医</span>“解颅”的范畴。在临床上常见有颅内炎症，脑血管，脑外伤，各种内源性或外源性神经毒素，缺氧水和电解质紊乱，酸中毒，肝肾功能衰竭等都可通过不同机制造成液体在脑组织内积聚而成。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　脑积水的危害有哪些</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　脑是人体最重要的器官，脑重量虽只占全身重量的</span>2%，占全身血循环的15%，脑氧耗量成人为全身耗氧量的20%，儿童达40%，脑组织又是一个丰液体器，水分占80%，一旦水、电解质在脑组织中病理蓄积即造成脑积水，直接危害生命中枢，甚至造成严重后果。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　一般来说脑积水会造成以下三种结果</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　① 会导致智能障碍</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　可仅有轻度记忆力及计算力减退，常伴有迟钝、淡漠、缄默等。重者可呈痴呆。少数可有激动、易怒、哭笑无常、幻觉、谵妄等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　② 会导致行动障碍</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　常在精神症状出现后逐渐开始，有起步困难，行走缓慢不稳。肌张力和腱反射常增高，反射阳性。有时呈现轻偏瘫。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　③ 尿便障碍</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　尿便频繁、失禁或困难，有时仅在晚期出现。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　此外，尚可有眩晕、一过性意识障碍、眼球震颤、帕鑫森综合征等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p>","barId":"2262","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1361,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512526678535,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512526678535,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8389","isDel":0,"createAt":1511854071162,"createBy":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"海绵宝宝","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","title":" 脑积水从何而来，你们知道吗","content":"<p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 150%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1511854896456.jpg\" title=\" 脑积水从何而来，你们知道吗\" alt=\" 脑积水从何而来，你们知道吗\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px\">对于脑积水的原因，很多人都不是很清楚，对于它的护理诊断更是不了解了，</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px\">什么是脑积水呢？专家解释，颅内脑脊液容量增加。除神经体征外，常有精神衰退或痴呆。但是有很多人会问，这脑积水是什么一回事，为什么会染上脑积水呢？脑积水又从哪里来的？</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px\">正常脑脊液的分泌及吸收常处于动态平衡状态。在病态情况下，颅内脑脊液过多地积存于脑室系统内，或有时在蛛网膜下腔内积存，多有颅内压增高，称脑积水。当脑脊液循环系统在任何一个部位发生梗阴时，都会出现脑积水，其中脑瘤引起的脑积水最为常见。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px\">容易造成脑积水的部位</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px\">1、室间孔区</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px\">脑室内的脑脊液通过此孔进入第三脑室，当此部位发生肿瘤时，此孔阻塞，会出现一侧脑室扩大。常见的肿瘤为胶质瘤。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px\">2、第三脑室</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px\">两侧侧脑室内的脑脊液循环必经之路，发生阻塞时，我出现两侧脑室对称性扩大。常见的肿瘤有胶质瘤、颅咽管瘤。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px\">3、松果体区</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px\">第三脑室内的脑脊液通过中脑的导水管流入第四脑室，松果体区恰位于导水管的后方，此区肿瘤，即使比较小也容易造成脑积水。通常两侧侧脑室和第三脑室同时扩大。常见的肿瘤有胶质瘤、生殖细胞瘤。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px\">4、颅后窝</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px\">包括第四脑室内、小脑脑桥角、枕大孔、斜坡。可引起第四脑室以上脑室的扩大积水。觉肿瘤有胶质瘤，听神经瘤、脊索瘤、脑膜瘤等。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"2262","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1447,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1511854071164,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1511854071164,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8388","isDel":0,"createAt":1511853803158,"createBy":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"海绵宝宝","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"脑积水应该如何护理","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1511854467416.jpg\" title=\"脑积水应该如何护理\" alt=\"脑积水应该如何护理\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">脑积水是脑脊液生成或循环吸收过程发生障碍而致脑脊液量过多，压力增高，扩大了正常脑脊液所占有的空间，从而继发颅压增高、脑室扩大的总称。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">护理</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、室温保持在18～21℃，湿度55%为宜，定时通风换气，保持病房空气流通，为病员提供一个安静、整洁、舒适、安全的治疗康复环境。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、饮食应易开脑窍、通经络、健脾益肾、填精益脑、强身易消化的食物为主。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3、作好心理护理，护理人员应作到亲切、热情、耐心地照顾病员详细了解病员的病情、家庭、社会环境，帮助病员及家属树立起战胜疾病的信心，积极配合治疗，变被动为主动，创造出一个接受治疗康复的最佳心理状态。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4、定时测量患儿头部，询问有无恶心、呕吐等病史。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">5、颅内压增高时严密观察生命体征变化，特别是意识、瞳孔的变化，有无脑疝发生及颅内高压三联症（头痛、呕吐、视乳头水肿）做好特护记录，记出入量。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">6、应用甘露醇降压时一定要快速滴入，在半小时内滴完，不可漏入皮下，以防局部皮肤组织坏死。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">7、预防并发症，颅内压增高时避免搬动，头下垫以软枕头偏向一侧并抬高15～30°，及时吸出呼吸道分泌物保持呼吸道通畅，昏迷时注意保护角膜，预防褥疮。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">8、危重病人做好抢救准备（器械、药品），必要时气管切开。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">9、对症护理，抽搐时通知医生给镇静剂，有缺氧指征时吸氧，高热时退热处理。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">10、指导家长或协助病员做功能训练，以主动运动为主。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">11、针对疾病病因及康复治疗原则治疗，做好出院指导以保疗。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"2262","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1485,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1511853803159,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1511853803159,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"type2":[{"id":"9699","isDel":0,"createAt":1513912843988,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"认清婴儿脑积水的症状 避免混淆","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1513913281833.jpg\" title=\"认清婴儿脑积水的症状 避免混淆\" alt=\"认清婴儿脑积水的症状 避免混淆\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">婴儿脑积水有头围增大、脑脑萎缩等症状，易与很多疾病混淆，所以我们就先来了解一下婴儿脑积水的症状，再同其它易混淆的疾病相对比。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">婴儿脑积水的症状</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　1.头围增大</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　婴儿出生后数周或数月内头颅进行性增大，前囟也随之扩大和膨隆。头颅与躯干的生长比例失调，如头颅过大过重而垂落在胸前，头颅与脸面不相称，头大面小，前额突出，下颌尖细，颅骨菲薄，同时还伴有浅静脉怒张，头皮有光泽。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　2.前囟扩大、张力增高</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　竖抱患儿且安静时，囟门仍呈膨隆状而不凹陷，也看不到正常搏动时则表示颅内压增高。婴儿期颅内压力增高的主要表现是呕吐，由于婴儿尚不会说话，常以抓头、摇头、哭叫等表示头部的不适和疼痛，病情加重时可出现嗜睡或昏睡。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　3.破罐音</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　对脑积水患儿进行头部叩诊时（额颞顶叶交界处），其声如同叩破罐或熟透的西瓜样。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　4.“落日目”现象</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　脑积水的进一步发展，压迫中脑顶盖部或由于脑干的轴性移位，产生类似帕里诺（</span>Parinaud）眼肌麻痹综合征，即上凝视麻痹，使婴儿的眼球不能上视，出现所谓的“落日目”征。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　5.头颅透照性</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　重度脑积水若脑组织（皮质、白质）厚度不足</span>1cm时，用强光手电筒直接接触头皮，如透照有亮度则为阳性，如正常脑组织则为阴性（无亮度）。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　6.视神经乳头萎缩</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　婴幼儿脑积水以原发性视神经萎缩较多见，即使有颅内压增高也看不到视神经乳头水肿。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　7.神经功能失调</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　第</span>Ⅵ对颅神经的麻痹常使婴儿的眼球不能外展。由于脑室系统的进行性扩大，使多数病例出现明显的脑萎缩，早期尚能保持完善的神经功能，晚期则可出现锥体束征，痉挛性瘫痪，去大脑强直等，智力发展也明显比同龄的正常婴儿差。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">易与脑积水混淆的疾病</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　1.未成熟儿：头颅增大较快，有些类似脑积水，但脑室不大。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　2.佝偻病：头颅增大多为方形并有其他佝偻病症状。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　3.畸形大头：头颅大，增长也快，有明显的智力不足，无眼珠下垂现象，脑室造影正常。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　4.慢性硬脑膜下血肿：头颅增大较慢，硬脑膜下穿可见较多的红色或黄色液体，眼底有出血，CT可确诊。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　5.颅内占位性病变：如肿瘤，脓肿等。在老年人，脑积水还需与因脑萎缩导致的相对脑室系统扩大相鉴别。两者可以从症状，影像学检查等方面进行鉴别。单纯的脑萎缩，没有脑积水的典型症状，如痴呆、小便失禁及步态不稳。CT及MRI上看，脑萎缩者脑室系统扩大，脑沟增宽，关键是没有脑室周围水肿表现。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"2262","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1509,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1513912843989,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1513912843989,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"9697","isDel":0,"createAt":1513911821838,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"盘点脑积水的三大症状","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1513912105133.jpg\" title=\"盘点脑积水的三大症状\" alt=\"盘点脑积水的三大症状\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">脑积水是一种比较常见的疾病，想要治疗好的话，需要了解其基本的症状以及原因才行！那么脑积水有哪些症状呢？如何治疗？不妨一起看下！</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">脑积水的症状究竟有哪些呢？你了解导致脑积水的基本原因吗？你又是否治疗如何对脑积水进行治疗？如果想要了解的话，那就跟小编一起来好好的看下吧，希望对大家是有帮助的！</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">脑积水的症状</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　1、头围增大</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　头围增大是其最重要的表现，头围增大常于产时或产后不久就出现，有的出生时头围即明显大于正常。头围增大多在生后数周或数月开始。并呈进行性发展，头围增大与周身发育不成比例，而头围增大一般在出生后</span>4～6个月才逐渐被患儿父母发现，这是脑积水最明显的症状。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　2、头重</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　患儿由于颅内脑脊液增多而头重。致使病儿不能支持头的重量而头下垂。前囟门扩大。张力增高，有时后囟、侧囟亦扩大。病儿毛发稀疏、头皮静脉怒张，颅缝裂开，颅骨变薄，前额多向前突出。眶顶受压向下。眼球下推，以致巩膜外露，头颅增大使脸部相对变小，两眼球向下转，只见眼球下半部沉到下眼睑下方。呈落日征象，这是脑积水的症状体征之一。脑积水静止的第一个好转征象，也是两眼球下沉开始改善。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3、颅内高压</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　由于小儿颅缝未闭合，虽有颅内压逐渐增加，但随着颅缝的扩大，颅内压增高的症状可得到代偿，故头痛、呕吐等颅内高压表现仅在脑积水迅速发展者才出现。患儿可表现为精神不振、易激惹、抽风、眼颤、共济失调、四肢肌张力高或四肢轻瘫等。在重度脑积水中，视力多减退。甚至失明。眼底可见视神经继发性萎缩。晚期可见生长停顿，智力下降，锥体束征、痉挛性瘫痪、去脑强直、痴呆等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">治疗脑积水方法</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　1、药物治疗脑积水</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　对脑膜炎等颅内感染引起的脑积水，可用地塞米松鞘内注射或口服，对近期病人可能有效。限制饮水，试用醋氮酰胺、双氢克尿噻、氨苯蝶啶等药物，以减少</span>CSF分泌和增加水排泄，对暂时性脑积水有帮助。包括中西药利尿剂、脱水剂等，适用于不能手术治疗的病例，或作为术前准备。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　2、手术治疗脑积水</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　脑积水的治疗方法哪些比较管用呢？脑积水一般以手术治疗为主，尤其对病情进展快的脑积水更应该考虑手术治疗。如果有明确的病因，应该首先治疗相应的病因，如脑肿瘤应切除肿瘤消除脑积水，如果是先天性的脑积水或者由颅内出血引起的交通醒脑积水，目前一般采用</span>“脑室腹腔分流术”，就是用埋藏在皮肤下的导管将脑脊液引流到身体的其他地方以促进吸收，如腹腔、右心房等，目前常用的是侧脑室腹腔分流术，将多余的脑脊液引流进腹腔，腹腔有较强的吸收液体的功能，可以把液体吸收回机体重新利用。手术种类繁多，有减少脑脊液形成的手术。脑脊液颅内外分流术。脑室系统梗阻远近端的旁路手术和解除梗阻病因的手术等。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"2262","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1408,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1513911821840,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1513911821840,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8386","isDel":0,"createAt":1511853342602,"createBy":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"海绵宝宝","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"外部性脑积水是怎么回事儿","content":"<p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1511853867105.jpg\" title=\"外部性脑积水是怎么回事儿\" alt=\"外部性脑积水是怎么回事儿\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">脑积水是指由于先天畸形、感染、出血、肿瘤等原因导致人体颅内脑脊液量超过正常范围，发病率为</span>0.3%~0.5%。据统计，我国每年新增脑积水患儿15万左右。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">临床上，小儿脑积水主要分为梗阻性脑积水、交通性脑积水和外部性脑积水。外部性脑积水也称为外部性脑积水，实际上属于硬膜下积液的一种表现，可分为生理性外部性脑积水和病理性外部性脑积水。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">外部性脑积水是指颅内蛛网膜下腔的积液增多，即颅骨和大脑组织之间的一个腔隙内水的积聚过多。临床上认为婴儿在分娩时窒息、缺氧、新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病、蛛网膜下腔出血乃至不明确的原因，均可能导致外部性脑积水。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">临床上，外部性脑积水可分为生理性外部性脑积水和病理性外部性脑积水。生理性外部性脑积水是指孩子头颅生长不饱满，</span>CT检查显示硬膜下积液，此时可能诊断为外部脑积水或硬膜下积液，但属正常情况，只需观察即可，无需治疗，随着孩子的发育，积液会自然消失。病理性外部性脑积水则多是由于外伤或外科手术等导致是否处理则需要根据积液的多少来制定，如果少于1公分，则建议观察；如果超过1公分或者脑组织明显的受压，则可考虑处理。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">据统计，临床上约有</span>50%左右的外部性脑积水患儿会在生长发育过程中出现不同程度的异常或遗留不同程度的神经系统后遗症，最常见有运动发育迟缓、言语发育迟缓、行为问题等。此外，患者还可出现运动发育迟缓、一过性抽搐发作、热性惊厥、瘫痪、智能发育落后、癫痫、言语发育落后、体重不增加、易激惹、难喂养、易兴奋、多动、注意力难集中、学习困难或障碍等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">外部性脑积水患儿在出现病变时可能会出现多种异常，家长需要进行鉴别。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、多哭、易兴奋。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体;font-size:16px\">2、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">激惹、易惊叫、惊跳。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3、睡眠不宁、易醒。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4、入睡难、持续睡眠时间短，每日总睡眠时间。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">5、喂养困难、吮奶差，易吐奶。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">6、头围增大、前囟闭合迟等也可能是外部性脑积水。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">目前，外部性脑积水多建议选择持续随访如果必要则需要通过外科手术处理。外部性脑积水临床处理可选择分流、外引流或颞肌吸收。分流和外引流可在短期内使得积水不在；颞肌吸收则是一个长期吸收积水的过程（一般来说可能需要一到两个月的时间）。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"2262","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1372,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1511853342604,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1511853342604,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"7364","isDel":0,"createAt":1510366816874,"createBy":"e8f7486fbba411e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"1516932689@qq.com","updateAt":1522226456748,"updateBy":"e8f7486fbba411e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"1516932689@qq.com","userId":"e8f7486fbba411e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"小儿脑积水的症状有哪些","content":"<p style=\"text-indent: 32px; padding: 0px; line-height: 200%; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: left;\"></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%;background:rgb(255,255,255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">近几年来</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">发现小儿脑积水的患者不断的增多，</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">由于导致</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">这种现象的原因有</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">太多种</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">，所以想要在平时做到有效的预防这种疾病不是很容易。在不幸患病后首先应该做到的及时及早的发现和治疗这种疾病。下面就为大家介绍</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">一下</span></span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">小儿脑积水的症状</span></span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">有哪些</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">？希望能</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">帮助大家及早的发现这种疾病。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; padding: 0px; line-height: 200%; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\"></span></span><br/></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; padding: 0px; line-height: 200%; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1510367113159.png\" title=\"小儿脑积水的症状有哪些\" alt=\"小儿脑积水的症状有哪些\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></span></p><p style=\";text-indent: 32px;padding: 0;line-height: 200%;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\"><br/></span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%;background:rgb(255,255,255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">1、</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">头围增大</span>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;text-indent:28px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%;background:rgb(255,255,255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">婴儿出生后数周或数月内头颅进行性增大，前囟也随之扩大和膨隆。头颅与躯干的生长比例失调，如头颅过大过重而垂落在胸前，头颅与脸面不相称，头大面小，前额突出，下颌尖细，颅骨菲薄，同时还伴有浅静脉怒张，头皮有光泽。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:32px;text-indent:0;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%;background:rgb(255,255,255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%;background:rgb(255,255,255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">2、</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">前囟扩大、张力增高</span>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;text-indent:28px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%;background:rgb(255,255,255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">竖抱患儿且安静时，囟门仍呈膨隆状而不凹陷，也看不到正常搏动时则表示颅内压增高。</span>&nbsp;随着脑积水的进行性发展，颅内压增高的症状逐渐出现，尽管婴儿期的颅缝具有缓冲颅内压力的作用，但仍然是有限度的。婴儿期颅内压力增高的主要表现是呕吐，由于婴儿尚不会说话，常以抓头、摇头、哭叫等表示头部的不适和疼痛，病情加重时可出现嗜睡或昏睡。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:32px;text-indent:0;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%;background:rgb(255,255,255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%;background:rgb(255,255,255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">3、</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">破罐音</span>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;text-indent:28px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%;background:rgb(255,255,255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">对脑积水患儿进行头部叩诊时（额颞顶叶交界处），其声如同叩破罐或熟透的西瓜样。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:32px;text-indent:0;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%;background:rgb(255,255,255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%;background:rgb(255,255,255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">4、</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">落日目现象</span>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;text-indent:28px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%;background:rgb(255,255,255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">脑积水的进一步发展，可使第三脑室后部的松果体隐窝显著扩张，压迫中脑顶盖部或由于脑干的轴性移位，产生类似帕里诺（</span>Parinaud）眼肌麻痹综合征，即上凝视麻痹，使婴儿的眼球不能上视，出现所谓的&quot;落日目&quot;征。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:32px;text-indent:0;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%;background:rgb(255,255,255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%;background:rgb(255,255,255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">5、</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">头颅透照性</span>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;text-indent:28px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%;background:rgb(255,255,255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">重度脑积水若脑组织（皮质、白质）厚度不足</span>1cm时，用强光手电筒直接接触头皮，如透照有亮度则为阳性，如正常脑组织则为阴性（无亮度），本法尚有助于鉴别蛛网膜囊肿和硬膜下积液。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:32px;text-indent:0;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%;background:rgb(255,255,255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">找良医网温馨提示：以上就是关于</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">小儿脑积水的症状有哪些</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">的</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">介绍，希望能对大家有所帮助，</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">只有记住上面介绍的一些症状大家就可以在生活中准确的辨认出这种疾病。然后及早的到医院接受相关的治疗，这样就可以尽量的减少这种疾病给患者带来的一些伤害。</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">如有身体不适请及时到医院就诊，早日查清病况及早治疗。最后，祝愿大家身体健康！</span></span></p><p style=\";text-indent: 32px;padding: 0;line-height: 200%;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><br/></p>","barId":"2262","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":2276,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1510366816876,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1510366816876,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"7318","isDel":0,"createAt":1510284546906,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":1510284880054,"updateBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"良药苦口","userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"专家向您解答 脑积水有哪些表现及如何诊断","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1510285232607.jpg\" title=\"专家向您解答 脑积水有哪些表现及如何诊断\" alt=\"专家向您解答 脑积水有哪些表现及如何诊断\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\">找良医网向您详细介绍，脑积水有哪些表现及如何诊断</p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">临床见症并不一致，与病理变化出现的年龄、病理的轻重、病程的长短有关。胎儿先天性脑积水多致死胎，出生以后脑积水可能在任何年龄出现，多数于生后</span>6个月出现。年龄小的患者颅缝未接合，头颅容易扩大，故颅内压增高的症状较少。脑积水主要表现为婴儿出生后数周或数月后头颅快速、进行性增大。正常婴儿在最早六个月头围增加每月1.2-1.3cm，本症则为其2-3倍，头颅呈圆形，额部前突，头穹窿部异常增大，前囟扩大隆起，颅缝分离，颅骨变薄，甚至透明，叩诊可出现“破壶声”(Maceen)征。颞额部呈现怒张的静脉，眼球下旋，上巩膜时常暴露(日落征)。病婴精神萎靡，头部不能抬起，严重者可伴有大脑功能障碍，表现为癫痫、视力及嗅觉障碍、眼球震颤、斜视、肢体瘫痪及智能障碍等。由于婴儿头颅呈代偿性增大，因此，头痛、呕吐及视神经乳头水肿均不明显。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"2262","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1369,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1510284546908,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1510284546908,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"metaSearch":{"description":"为您提供:老人、新生儿脑积水症状_婴儿脑积水的原因_脑积水治疗方法、病友的治疗经验等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"老人、新生儿脑积水症状_婴儿脑积水的原因_脑积水治疗方法","title":"老人、新生儿脑积水症状_婴儿脑积水的原因_脑积水治疗方法","channels":{"病友社区":{"description":"为病友提供:脑积水论坛_病友论坛_病友交流平台，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"脑积水论坛_病友论坛_病友交流平台","title":"脑积水论坛_病友论坛_病友交流平台","channels":null},"治疗":{"description":"为您提供:小儿脑积水怎么治疗最好_脑积水应该怎么治疗等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"小儿脑积水怎么治疗最好_脑积水应该怎么治疗","title":"小儿脑积水怎么治疗最好_脑积水应该怎么治疗","channels":null},"症状":{"description":"为您提供:小儿脑积水有哪些症状_新生儿脑积水有何表现等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"小儿脑积水有哪些症状_新生儿脑积水有何表现","title":"小儿脑积水有哪些症状_新生儿脑积水有何表现","channels":null},"并发症":{"description":"为您提供:脑积水后遗症有哪些_儿童脑积水的后果等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"脑积水后遗症有哪些_儿童脑积水的后果","title":"脑积水后遗症有哪些_儿童脑积水的后果","channels":null},"饮食":{"description":"为您提供:脑积水吃什么食物好_脑积水禁食什么等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"脑积水吃什么食物好_脑积水禁食什么","title":"脑积水吃什么食物好_脑积水禁食什么","channels":null},"病因":{"description":"为您提供:脑积水是怎么造成的_脑积水是什么原因造成的等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"脑积水是怎么造成的_脑积水是什么原因造成的","title":"脑积水是怎么造成的_脑积水是什么原因造成的","channels":null},"病友求助":{"description":"为您提供:小孩脑积水可以治好吗_老人脑积水能治好吗等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"小孩脑积水可以治好吗_老人脑积水能治好吗","title":"小孩脑积水可以治好吗_老人脑积水能治好吗","channels":null},"预防":{"description":"为您提供:脑积水怎么预防_怎么样预防胎儿脑积水等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"脑积水怎么预防_怎么样预防胎儿脑积水","title":"脑积水怎么预防_怎么样预防胎儿脑积水","channels":null}}},"focus":0,"type1":[{"id":"9696","isDel":0,"createAt":1513911661217,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"“大头娃娃”出生即患脑积水 脑积水能治愈吗","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; text-indent: 32px;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1513912180172.jpg\" title=\"“大头娃娃”出生即患脑积水 脑积水能治愈吗\" alt=\"“大头娃娃”出生即患脑积水 脑积水能治愈吗\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">脑积水能治愈吗</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　对于继发性脑积水，也就是梗阻性的脑积水，基本上只要脑脊液循环通路通畅，脑积水就会好转，但是脑室的大小恢复，直接与其形成时间成正比，也就是说，脑室变大时间越短，脑脊液通畅后脑室恢复的越快。反之慢性脑积水需要几年时间，甚至有的终身也无法恢复到正常形态。奉劝那些出现急性脑积水症状的病人尽快手术。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　脑积水的治疗</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　一、病因治疗</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　切除占位病变，</span>Arnold-Chiari畸形可作后颅凹及上颈椎板减压术，第四脑室闭锁畸形可作四脑室正中孔切开解除梗阻，脉络丛切除或电灼术减少脑脊液分泌等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　二、脑脊液分流术</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　对不能纠正病因且药物治疗效果差者，可根据病变情况及阻塞部位选用脑脊液颅内或颅外分流术，颅内分流术常用脑室</span>-小脑延髓池引流术及三脑室造瘘术等。颅外分流术中目前疗效以脑室-心房分流术及脑室-腹腔分流术为好，但有感染及再阻塞的可能。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"2262","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1467,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1513911661219,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1513911661219,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"9694","isDel":0,"createAt":1513911514257,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"脑积水治疗有什么新方法","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1513912224200.jpg\" title=\"脑积水治疗有什么新方法\" alt=\"脑积水治疗有什么新方法\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">脑积水是一种常见的脑科疾病。那么你知道关于脑积水治疗有什么新方法呢？</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">脑积水是指各种原因引起的脑脊液分泌过多或脑脊液循环受阻造成脑室系统扩张所产生的一系列症候群。主要表现为头痛、呕吐和视乳头水肿。</span>CT及MRI表现为受阻部位以上的脑室系统扩张和间质水肿，三脑室呈球形扩张。严重者可导致大小便障碍、智力下降、昏迷，甚至脑疝、死亡。从病因上可分为先天性和后天性。后天性包括炎症、肿瘤、出血等原因。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　脑积水的治疗是医学领域上的难题，传统上多采取脑室体腔分流和脑池分流，也就是将硅胶管的头端插入脑室内，通过导管经皮下将脑脊液分流至体腔或脑池内来降低颅内压力，如引流至腹腔、心房等等。这是过去较为普遍采用的方法，它可以缓解病人的症状，但随之而来也造成了一些并发症：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　1、异物在体内的排斥反应造成病人难以耐受，最终不得不拔出分流管导致分流失败;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　2、分流管的堵塞导致分流失败;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　3、小儿患者随着身高的增加分流管不够长度，必要时还得再次换管，造成病人很大的痛苦和经济负担。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　近年来随着脑室镜和微侵袭神经外科的发展，只需在头颅上开一个小孔，在脑室镜下打通三脑室底部，脑室系统与脑池相通便可以解决脑积水问题。此方法是人工形成脑室与脑池的内引流，无需安放分流管。手术时间短</span>(20分钟左右)、创伤小、无异物反应，术后并发症少，住院时间也短，被认为是脑积水最佳的治疗方法。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"2262","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1393,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1513911514259,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1513911514259,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"9693","isDel":0,"createAt":1513911424477,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"怎么治疗儿童脑积水","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1513912234223.jpg\" title=\"怎么治疗儿童脑积水\" alt=\"怎么治疗儿童脑积水\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">脑积水是一种常见的脑血管疾病。那么你知道应该如何治疗儿童脑积水呢？</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">儿童脑积水儿童脑积水它是由于脑脊液循环发生障碍，颅内压增高所引起的头颅扩大和脑功能障碍的一种疾病。因有大脑畸形、感染、出血、瘤等诸多方面。主要表现是</span>“头大”，常小儿出生头围33～35厘米，前半年生长较快，为8厘米，(约42～45厘米)，后半年增长3厘米(43～47厘米)，如果小儿的头围超过以上范围并迅速增长，要注意脑积水的可能。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　儿童脑积水发病的原因</span>?</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　儿童脑积水脑积水可以由下列三个因素引起：脑脊液过度产生</span>;脑脊液的通路梗阻及脑脊液的吸收障碍。先天性脑积水的发病原因目前多认为是脑脊液循环通路的梗阻。造成梗阻的原因可分为先天性发育异常与非发育性病因两大类。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　先天性发育异常</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(1)大脑导水管狭窄、胶质增生及中隔形成：以上病变均可导致大脑导水管的梗死，这是先天性脑积水最常见的原因，通常为散发性，性连锁遗传性导水管狭窄在所有先天性脑积水中仅占2%。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(2)Arnold-Chiari畸形：因小脑扁桃体、延髓及第四脑室疝入椎管内，使脑脊液循环受阻引起脑积水，常并发脊椎裂和脊膜膨出。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(3)Dandy-Walker畸形：由于第四脑室中孔及侧孔先天性闭塞而引起脑积水。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(4)扁平颅底：常合并Arnold-Chiari畸形，阻塞第四脑室出口或环池，引起脑积水。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(5)其他：无脑回畸形、软骨发育不良、脑穿通畸形、第五、六脑室囊肿等均可引起脑积水。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　非发育性病因</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　在先天性脑积水中，先天性发育异常约占</span>2/5，而非发育性病因则占3/5。新生儿缺氧和产伤所致的颅内出血、脑膜炎继发粘连是先天性脑积水的常见原因。新生儿颅内肿瘤和囊肿，尤其是颅后窝肿瘤及脉络丛乳头状瘤也常导致脑积水。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　小儿脑积水的治疗方法介绍</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　药物治疗</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(1)抑制脑脊液分泌药物：如乙酰唑胺(醋氮酰胺)，100mg/(kg?d)，是通过抑制脉络丛上皮细胞Na+-K+-ATP酶，减少脑脊液的分泌。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(2)利尿剂：呋塞米，1mg/(kg?d)。以上方法对2周岁以内有轻度脑积水者应首选，约有50%的病人能够控制病情。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(3)渗透利尿剂：山梨醇和甘露醇。前者易在肠道中吸收并没有刺激性，半衰期为8h，1～2g/(kg?d)。该药多用于中度脑积水，作为延期手术短期治疗。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　另外，除药物治疗外，对于脑室出血或结核和化脓感染产生的急性脑积水，可结合反复腰椎穿刺引流脑脊液的方法，有一定疗效。对任何试图用药物控制脑积水者，都应密切观察神经功能状态和连续检查脑室大小变化。药物治疗一般只适用于轻度脑积水，虽然有些婴儿或儿童没有脑积水症状，但病人可有进行性脑室扩大，这样一些儿童虽然有代偿能力，但终究也会影响儿童的神经系统发育。药物治疗一般用于分流手术前暂时控制脑积水发展。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　非分流手术</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　1918年 Dandy首先用切除侧脑室脉络丛方法治疗脑积水，但是，由于产生脑脊液并非只限于脉络丛组织，而且第三脑室和第四脑室脉络丛没有切除，手术效果不确切，故停止使用。第三脑室造瘘术是将第三脑室底或终板与脚间池建立直接通道用来治疗中脑导水管阻塞。有开颅法和经皮穿刺法，前者由Dandy首先施行。术中将第三脑室底部穿破与脚间池相通或将终板切除使第三脑室与蛛网膜下腔形成直接瘘口。经皮穿刺法是Hoffman等人(1980)首先用定向方法进行三脑室底切开，术中先做脑室造影显示出第三脑室底，在冠状缝前方的颅骨上钻直径10mm孔，用立体定向方法导入穿刺针，当第三脑室底穿开时可见造影剂流入脚间池、基底池和椎管内。由于这类病人蛛网膜下腔和脑池中缺乏脑脊液，因而手术不能使造瘘口足够大，常有术后脑脊液循环不充分，脑积水不能充分缓解，目前应用这种方法不多。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　脑室分流术</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　Torkldsen(1939)首先报道用橡皮管做侧脑室与枕大池分流术，主要适用于脑室中线肿瘤和导水管闭塞性脑积水。以后对中脑导水管发育不良的患者施行扩张术，用橡皮导管从第四脑室向上插到狭窄的中脑导水管，由于手术损伤导水管周围的灰质，手术死亡率高。内分流术是侧脑室和矢状窦分流，这种方法从理论上符合脑脊液循环生理，但在实际中应用不多。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(1)脑室颅外分流：该手术方法原则是把脑脊液引流到身体能吸收脑脊液的腔隙内。目前治疗脑积水常用的方法有脑室-腹腔分流术、脑室-心房分流术和脑室-腰蛛网膜下腔分流术，由于脑室心房分流术需将分流管永久留置于心脏内，干扰心脏生理环境，有引起心脏骤停危险及一些其他心血管并发症，目前只用于不能行脑室腹腔分流术病人。脊髓蛛网膜下腔-脑室分流只适用于交通性脑积水。目前仍以脑室-腹腔分流是首选方法。另外，既往文献报道，脑室-胸腔分流、脑室与输尿管、膀胱、胸导管、胃、肠、乳突和输乳管分流等方法，均没有临床应用价值，已经放弃。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(2)脑室分流装置由三部分组成：脑室管、单向瓣膜、远端管。但脊髓蛛网膜下腔-腹腔分流则是蛛网膜下腔管。近几年来一些新的分流管配有抗虹吸、贮液室和自动开闭瓣等附加装置。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　(3)手术方法：病人仰卧头转向左，背下垫高，暴露颈部，头部切口，从右耳轮上4～5cm向后4～5cm，头颅平坦部切开2cm长口，牵开器拉开，钻孔，将脑室管从枕角插入到达额角约10～12cm长。一般认为分流管置入额角较为理想，其理由为额角宽大无脉络丛，对侧脑脊液经Monor孔流向分流管压力梯度小。将贮液室或阀门置入头皮下固定，远端管自颈部和胸部皮下组织直至腹壁。腹部切口可在中腹部或下腹部正中线旁开2.5～3.0cm或腹直肌旁切开。把远端侧管放入腹腔。另外用套管针穿刺腹壁，把分流管从外套管内插入腹腔。腹部管上端通过胸骨旁皮下组织到达颈部，在颈部与阀门管相接。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　禁忌证：</span>①颅内感染不能用抗生素控制者;②脑脊液蛋白过高超过50mg%或有新鲜出血者;③腹腔有炎症或腹水者;④颈胸部皮肤有感染者。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"2262","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1516,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1513911424479,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1513911424479,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"9692","isDel":0,"createAt":1513911243836,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"怎么治疗脑积水 手术与非手术结合","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1513911875345.jpg\" title=\"怎么治疗脑积水 手术与非手术结合\" alt=\"怎么治疗脑积水 手术与非手术结合\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">脑积水应该怎么治疗比较好呢？大家要知道脑积水是非常影响人未来发展的疾病之一，了解其病发原因和基本症状才能做好治疗，一起看下吧！</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　治疗脑积水应该怎么做呢？其实普遍的做法就是根据实际的情况选择手术或者非手术的做法，这也是比较有效的选择。当然要进行治疗，关键还是要对脑积水基本了解才行，比如病因和症状！</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\">　</p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">如何治疗脑积水</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　一般轻度脑积水应先试用非手术治疗，以脱水疗法和全身支持疗法为主。手术治疗适用于脑室内压力较高（超过</span>250mm水柱）或经非手术治疗失败的病例。严重脑积水如头围超过50cm、大脑皮质萎缩厚度在1cm以下，已合并有严重功能障碍及畸形者，手术疗效不佳。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　如脑室</span>—心房分流术，脑室—矢状窦分流术，脑室—腹腔分流术等。后一种术式安全，并发症少，使用较多。所用分流管是一种带有贮液囊、压力阀装置，并不透X线，以利于透视下检查。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　术后注意防止发生并发症，如凝血块阻塞导管，心脏内血栓形成、心内膜炎、败血症等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　对于脑积水病人来，具体的脑积水的治疗方法根据病人的病情来说选择治疗方法，对于脑积水病人来说，当然是配合医生的治疗，而对于脑积水患者家属来说，对与病人的护理，对于康复也是至关重要的。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">脑积水的原因</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　病因</span>1、先天畸形。如中脑导水管狭窄、膈膜形成或闭锁，室间孔闭锁畸形（第四脑室正中孔或侧空闭锁），脑血管畸形，脊柱裂，小脑扁桃体下疝等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　病因</span>2、感染。胎儿宫内感染如各种病毒、原虫和梅毒螺旋体感染性脑膜炎未能及早控制，增生的纤维组织阻塞了脑脊液的循环孔道，或胎儿颅内炎症也可使脑池、蛛网膜下腔和蛛网膜粒粘连闭塞。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　病因</span>3、出血。颅内出血后引起的纤维增生，产伤颅内出血吸收不良等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　病因</span>4、肿瘤。可阻塞脑脊液循环的任何一部分，较多见于第四脑室附近，或脉络丛乳头状瘤。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　病因</span>5、其他。某些遗传性代谢病、围产期及新生儿窒息、严重的维生素A缺乏等。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"2262","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1317,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1513911243838,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1513911243838,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"7319","isDel":0,"createAt":1510284993337,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"脑积水应该如何治疗和用药","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1510285343372.jpg\" title=\"脑积水应该如何治疗和用药\" alt=\"脑积水应该如何治疗和用药\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">50%的先天性脑积水病儿在2～5岁期间有自然缓解称为静止性脑积水，可不需治疗。其余50%症状逐渐恶化称为进行性脑积水，头颅明显增大，且大脑皮质厚度超过1cm者，可采取手术治疗，手术可分为以下几种：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　一、病因治疗</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">切除占位病变，</span>Arnold-Chiari畸形可作后颅凹及上颈椎板减压术，第四脑室闭锁畸形可作四脑室正中孔切开解除梗阻，脉络丛切除或电灼术减少脑脊液分泌等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　二、脑脊液分流术</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">对不能纠正病因且药物治疗效果差者，可根据病变情况及阻塞部位选用脑脊液颅内或颅外分流术，颅内分流术常用脑室</span>-小脑延髓池引流术及三脑室造瘘术等。颅外分流术中目前疗效以脑室-心房分流术及脑室-腹腔分流术为好，但有感染及再阻塞的可能。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　对于重度脑积水，智能低下已失明、瘫痪，且脑实质明显萎缩，大脑皮质厚度小于</span>1cm者，均不透宜手术。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p>","barId":"2262","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1380,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1510284993339,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1510284993339,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"type0":[{"id":"9715","isDel":0,"createAt":1513929026816,"createBy":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"海绵宝宝","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"外部性脑积水是怎么回事儿  该怎么应对","content":"<p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1513929629949.jpg\" title=\"外部性脑积水是怎么回事儿  该怎么应对\" alt=\"外部性脑积水是怎么回事儿  该怎么应对\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">脑积水是指由于先天畸形、感染、出血、肿瘤等原因导致人体颅内脑脊液量超过正常范围，发病率为</span>0.3%~0.5%。据统计，我国每年新增脑积水患儿15万左右。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">临床上，小儿脑积水主要分为梗阻性脑积水、交通性脑积水和</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\">外部性脑积水</span></strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">。</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\">外部性脑积水</span></strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">也称为外部性脑积水，实际上属于硬膜下积液的一种表现，可分为生理性外部性脑积水和病理性外部性脑积水。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\">外部性脑积水</span></strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">是指颅内蛛网膜下腔的积液增多，即颅骨和大脑组织之间的一个腔隙内水的积聚过多。临床上认为婴儿在分娩时窒息、缺氧、新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病、蛛网膜下腔出血乃至不明确的原因，均可能导致外部性脑积水。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">临床上，</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\">外部性脑积水</span></strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">可分为生理性外部性脑积水和病理性外部性脑积水。生理性</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\">外部性脑积水</span></strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">是指孩子头颅生长不饱满，</span>CT检查显示硬膜下积液，此时可能诊断为外部脑积水或硬膜下积液，但属正常情况，只需观察即可，无需治疗，随着孩子的发育，积液会自然消失。病理性外部性脑积水则多是由于外伤或外科手术等导致是否处理则需要根据积液的多少来制定，如果少于1公分，则建议观察；如果超过1公分或者脑组织明显的受压，则可考虑处理。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">据统计，临床上约有</span>50%左右的外部性脑积水患儿会在生长发育过程中出现不同程度的异常或遗留不同程度的神经系统后遗症，最常见有运动发育迟缓、言语发育迟缓、行为问题等。此外，患者还可出现运动发育迟缓、一过性抽搐发作、热性惊厥、瘫痪、智能发育落后、癫痫、言语发育落后、体重不增加、易激惹、难喂养、易兴奋、多动、注意力难集中、学习困难或障碍等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\">外部性脑积水</span></strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">患儿在出现病变时可能会出现多种异常，家长需要进行鉴别。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、多哭、易兴奋。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体;font-size:16px\">2、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">激惹、易惊叫、惊跳。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3、睡眠不宁、易醒。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4、入睡难、持续睡眠时间短，每日总睡眠时间。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">5、喂养困难、吮奶差，易吐奶。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">6、头围增大、前囟闭合迟等也可能是外部性脑积水。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">目前，</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\">外部性脑积水</span></strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">多建议选择持续随访如果必要则需要通过外科手术处理。外部性脑积水临床处理可选择分流、外引流或颞肌吸收。分流和外引流可在短期内使得积水不在；颞肌吸收则是一个长期吸收积水的过程（一般来说可能需要一到两个月的时间）。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"2262","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1373,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1513929026820,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1513929026820,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8795","isDel":0,"createAt":1512530375808,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"脑积水的原因 脑积水从何而来","content":"<p style=\"margin: 0px; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512530954839.png\" title=\"脑积水的原因 脑积水从何而来\" alt=\"脑积水的原因 脑积水从何而来\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">脑积水是目前比较常见的一种疾病，现在很多人在脑部不舒服没有及时治疗的时候都可能会患上脑积水，那么脑积水的原因有哪些？</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">对于脑积水的原因，很多人都不是很清楚，对于它的护理诊断更是不了解了，今天小编就来为大家讲解一下关于脑积水的治疗以及一些常识性的知识吧。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　什么是脑积水呢？专家解释，颅内脑脊液容量增加。除神经体征外，常有精神衰退或痴呆。但是有很多人会问，这脑积水是什么一回事，为什么会染上脑积水呢？脑积水又从哪里来的？</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　正常脑脊液的分泌及吸收常处于动态平衡状态。在病态情况下，颅内脑脊液过多地积存于脑室系统内，或有时在蛛网膜下腔内积存，多有颅内压增高，称脑积水。当脑脊液循环系统在任何一个部位发生梗阴时，都会出现脑积水，其中脑瘤引起的脑积水最为常见。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　容易造成脑积水的部位</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　1、室间孔区</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　脑室内的脑脊液通过此孔进入第三脑室，当此部位发生肿瘤时，此孔阻塞，会出现一侧脑室扩大。常见的肿瘤为胶质瘤。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　2、第三脑室</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　两侧侧脑室内的脑脊液循环必经之路，发生阻塞时，我出现两侧脑室对称性扩大。常见的肿瘤有胶质瘤、颅咽管瘤。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　3、松果体区</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　第三脑室内的脑脊液通过中脑的导水管流入第四脑室，松果体区恰位于导水管的后方，此区肿瘤，即使比较小也容易造成脑积水。通常两侧侧脑室和第三脑室同时扩大。常见的肿瘤有胶质瘤、生殖细胞瘤。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　4、颅后窝</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　包括第四脑室内、小脑脑桥角、枕大孔、斜坡。可引起第四脑室以上脑室的扩大积水。觉肿瘤有胶质瘤，听神经瘤、脊索瘤、脑膜瘤等。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"2262","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1471,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512530375810,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512530375810,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8387","isDel":0,"createAt":1511853565374,"createBy":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"海绵宝宝","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"脑脊液循环障碍的原因","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1511854497856.jpg\" title=\"脑脊液循环障碍的原因\" alt=\"脑脊液循环障碍的原因\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-indent:16px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">（</span>1）先天畸形</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-indent:16px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">较多见的是脊柱裂，大脑导水管畸形或脑血管畸形等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-indent:16px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">（</span>2）感染</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">如化脓性脑膜炎或结核性脑膜炎未能及早适当地治疗，增生的纤维组织阻塞了脑脊液循环孔道，特别是第四脑室孔及脑底部的蛛网膜下腔的粘连。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">（</span>3）出血</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　颅内出血后的纤维增生可引起脑积水。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">（</span>4）肿瘤</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　颅内肿瘤可阻塞脑脊液循环的任一部分，多见于第四脑室附近。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">（</span>5）维生素A缺乏</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　维生素</span>A缺乏也可致脑脊液容量增加，从而产生颅内高压的症状。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"2262","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1407,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1511853565376,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1511853565376,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"8382","isDel":0,"createAt":1511851727472,"createBy":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"海绵宝宝","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"小儿脑积水是由什么原因引起的","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1511852373205.jpg\" title=\"小儿脑积水是由什么原因引起的\" alt=\"小儿脑积水是由什么原因引起的\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-indent:16px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">（一）发病原因</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">脑积水可以由下列三个因素引起：脑脊液过度产生</span>;脑脊液的通路梗阻及脑脊液的吸收障碍，先天性脑积水的发病原因目前多认为是脑脊液循环通路的梗阻，造成梗阻的原因可分为先天性发育异常与非发育性病因两大类。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1.先天性发育异常</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-indent:16px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">（</span>1）大脑导水管狭窄，胶质增生及中隔形成：以上病变均可导致大脑导水管的梗死，这是先天性脑积水最常见的原因，通常为散发性，性连锁遗传性导水管狭窄在所有先天性脑积水中仅占2%。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-indent:16px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">（</span>2）i畸形：因小脑扁桃体，延髓及第四脑室疝入椎管内，使脑脊液循环受阻引起脑积水，常并发脊椎裂和脊膜膨出。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-indent:16px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">（</span>3）畸形：由于第四脑室中孔及侧孔先天性闭塞而引起脑积水。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-indent:16px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">（</span>4）扁平颅底：常合并畸形，阻塞第四脑室出口或环池，引起脑积水。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-indent:16px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">（</span>5）其他：无脑回畸形，软骨发育不良，脑穿通畸形，第五，六脑室囊肿等均可引起脑积水。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2.非发育性病因 在先天性脑积水中，先天性发育异常约占2/5，而非发育性病因则占3/5，新生儿缺氧和产伤所致的颅内出血，脑膜炎继发粘连是先天性脑积水的常见原因，新生儿颅内肿瘤和囊肿，尤其是颅后窝肿瘤及脉络丛乳头状瘤也常导致脑积水。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"2262","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1370,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1511851727473,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1511851727473,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"7316","isDel":0,"createAt":1510284235018,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"专家向您解答 脑积水病因","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1510284638100.jpg\" title=\"专家向您解答 脑积水病因\" alt=\"专家向您解答 脑积水病因\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">脑积水病因很多，常见的有以下几种原因：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　1)先天畸形 如中脑导水管狭窄、膈膜形成或闭锁，室间孔闭锁畸形(第四脑室正中孔或侧空闭锁)，脑血管畸形，脊柱裂，小脑扁桃体下疝等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　2)感染 胎儿宫内感染如各种病毒、原虫和梅毒螺旋体感染性脑膜炎未能及早控制，增生的纤维组织阻塞了脑脊液的循环孔道，或胎儿颅内炎症也可使脑池、蛛网膜下腔和蛛网膜粒粘连闭塞。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　3)出血 颅内出血后引起的纤维增生，产伤颅内出血吸收不良等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　4)肿瘤 可阻塞脑脊液循环的任何一部分，较多见于第四脑室附近，或脉络丛乳头状瘤。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　5)其他 某些遗传性代谢病、围产期及新生儿窒息、严重的维生素A缺乏等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p>","barId":"2262","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1212,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1510284235020,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1510284235020,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"5542","isDel":0,"createAt":1502874455590,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":1502874824280,"updateBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","updateName":"小海螺","userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"孩子病重（脑膜炎，脑积水，脑疝）无钱医治 父亲跪求医生别停药","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px; overflow: hidden; color: #333333; font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.5px; line-height: 30px; white-space: normal;\">8月12日，上海儿童医学中心医生办公室里，前来咨询孩子病情的杜治营，因为无钱怕孩子被停药，突然跪了下来，希望能够医生能够缓几天，医生连忙将他拉起来安慰。杜治营为了救治7个月大孩子的生命，已经负债累累，还借了5万元高利贷，这几天被催着还账。（来源：乙图）</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px; overflow: hidden; color: #333333; font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.5px; line-height: 30px; white-space: normal; text-align: center;\"><img title=\"孩子病重（脑膜炎，脑积水，脑疝）无钱医治 父亲跪求医生别停药\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502874985116.jpg\" alt=\"孩子病重（脑膜炎，脑积水，脑疝）无钱医治 父亲跪求医生别停药\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" /></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px; overflow: hidden; color: #333333; font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.5px; line-height: 30px; white-space: normal;\">而此刻，病房里，杜治营儿子小一卫静静地躺在病床上，身上插满管子。妈妈在一边目光盯着孩子，眼泪止不住。</p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img title=\"孩子病重（脑膜炎，脑积水，脑疝）无钱医治 父亲跪求医生别停药\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502875532272.jpg\" alt=\"孩子病重（脑膜炎，脑积水，脑疝）无钱医治 父亲跪求医生别停药\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" /></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px; overflow: hidden; color: #333333; font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.5px; line-height: 30px; white-space: normal;\">病房走廊里年轻的妈妈，说起孩子，泣不成声。</p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img title=\"孩子病重（脑膜炎，脑积水，脑疝）无钱医治 父亲跪求医生别停药\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502874742378.jpg\" alt=\"孩子病重（脑膜炎，脑积水，脑疝）无钱医治 父亲跪求医生别停药\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" /></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px; overflow: hidden; color: #333333; font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.5px; line-height: 30px; white-space: normal;\">杜治营在喂孩子喝奶。今年30岁的杜治营来自安徽太和县坟台镇，是个土生土长的农民，十几岁开始在外打工。2012年，利用自己打工挣的钱和父母的积蓄，借了几万元的外债，盖了房子后结婚成家，日子虽清贫但尚且快乐。2017年1月杜治营的儿子小一卫出生，小生命的到来，给杜治营一家带来了无尽的欢笑。</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px; overflow: hidden; color: #333333; font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.5px; line-height: 30px; white-space: normal;\">手术后昏迷的小一卫。正当杜治营和妻子沉浸在初为父母的喜悦中，儿子出生没几天，就检查出患有新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病&mdash;&mdash;呼吸衰竭，新生儿胎粪吸入综合征，产伤致新生儿头皮水肿，新生儿病理性黄疸等。经过住院治疗，十几天后出院了。小一卫身上插着很多管子。可命运多舛，在小一卫3个月大的时候，杜治营发现孩子眼睛总是往下看，露出白眼球，并伴有腹泻嗜睡，于是送往当地医院，住院20多天没有查出病因。杜治营随后抱着小一卫前往合肥的医院，检查结果是梗阻性脑积水，于是转往上海救治，最终确诊为脑膜炎，脑积水，脑疝。</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px; overflow: hidden; color: #333333; font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.5px; line-height: 30px; white-space: normal;\">主治医生鲍南说要尽快手术，手术有两个方案：外引流和内引流。内引流手术材料费需要8万，因前期治疗杜治营已经负债累累，最后杜治营给孩子选择外引流手术。第一次手术后，宝宝的眼睛就变回正常的样子，腹泻也停止了，恢复也很好，这让杜治营和妻子看到了希望，2个星期后就出院回家了。</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px; overflow: hidden; color: #333333; font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.5px; line-height: 30px; white-space: normal;\">术后昏迷中的小一卫。回家后不久，宝宝开始反复发烧，食欲不振，十几天后小一卫又开始出现呕吐腹泻，眼球下翻，杜治营和妻子急忙抱着孩子赶往了上海。期间宝宝一直呕吐不止，因为抽搐在急救室抢救了5次。 8月2日，小一卫做了第二次手术，术后小一卫一直靠呼吸机维持着。摸着孩子冰凉的手脚，看着孩子瘦得皮包骨，杜治营夫妻心如刀割。</p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img title=\"孩子病重（脑膜炎，脑积水，脑疝）无钱医治 父亲跪求医生别停药\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1502875746175.jpg\" alt=\"孩子病重（脑膜炎，脑积水，脑疝）无钱医治 父亲跪求医生别停药\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" /></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px; overflow: hidden; color: #333333; font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.5px; line-height: 30px; white-space: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: sans-serif;\">出租房里的小两口不知所措。最要命的是，这几天小一卫出现感染，医生说需要先控制感染，再进行几次手术才能让孩子有活下来的希望，以后还需要长期做康复治疗，可是现在杜治营已经身无分文。</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">关于此事，相关网友表示如下：</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">独孤求大：</span></strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">每次看见这样的新闻，我就想问这会那会，这基金哪基金呢！还有，到底有没有神秘的部门管这些事情呢</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">我是你的女神咩：</span></strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">慈善机构呢？你们收的钱吗？真正需要救助的老百姓，能得到吗？</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">AUGUSTIN</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">：</span></strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">福利彩票每年营收几千亿，年年钱都不知道死哪去了</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">时尚秒速五厘米：</span></strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">发个账号出来吧</span> <span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">我会给你打钱</span> <span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">钱不多</span> <span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">略表心意</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">守望莲儿：</span></strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">有账号吗？我也欠了一屁股债，为了买房装修，我也是太和人，孩子不到两岁，能力虽微薄，但是几百块钱也是能掏出来的。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">欺诈文化：</span></strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 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