{"type5":[],"type4":[{"id":"11370","isDel":0,"createAt":1516333333863,"createBy":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"海绵宝宝","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"预防损伤性动静脉瘘术后复发的护理措施有哪些  看专家如何给您解答","content":"<p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1516333420329.jpg\" title=\"预防损伤性动静脉瘘术后复发的护理措施有哪些  看专家如何给您解答\" alt=\"预防损伤性动静脉瘘术后复发的护理措施有哪些  看专家如何给您解答\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">对于损伤性动静脉瘘的于预防方法，主要着重的还是术后的预防保健工作，损伤性动静脉瘘，顾名思义，损伤性作为名词物主代词来形容动静脉瘘就是意味着是在外力的作用下而出现的一种疾病，对于这种疾病的预防主要是避免受外撞击，使得动脉和静脉出现血流的紊乱现象。</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">这就是一般对于</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">预防损伤</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">，具体找良医网专家为您介绍的</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">预防损伤性动静脉瘘术后复发的护理措施有哪些</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">？只要你做好几点。</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">损伤性动静脉瘘术</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">恢复的也快。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">血液透析前数周要预先做好损伤性动静脉内瘘，位置一般在前臂，以便于在长期间歇做血液透析时，用针头穿刺做成血流通道。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">平时损伤性动静脉瘘侧肢体勿提重、勿穿太紧衣服或包扎过紧、睡觉时勿枕在头下。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">局部保持清洁，预防感染</span>;平时用手触摸或听诊器检查是否通畅，应有明显的沙沙声、流水声或振动感，若发现静止无音，须立即到医院进行处理。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1.注意保暖。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2.有损伤性动静脉瘘的手不能提重物。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3.血压不宜过低，低血压会导致内痿闭锁;保持在150/85左右最好。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4.如果是刚做的损伤性动静脉瘘，拆线后要每天练习用力握拳，并用热水泡前臂，每天三次，每次30分钟。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">5.透析结束24小时后把有损伤性动静脉瘘的那只手臂浸在热水里30分钟，每天三次。但是记住透析后24小时内绝对不能让损伤性动静脉瘘沾水!</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">6.透析结束后，止血带要松紧适宜(就是不会勒得手变紫变黑，同时也针眼也不会往外渗血)，扎得太紧和扎的时间太长都会导致内瘘闭锁;太松针眼那里又会渗血。根据自己的止血带向护士咨询松开止血带的具体时间，并按照护士说的时间调整止血带的松紧程度。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">在我们的日常生活中，因为损伤性动静脉瘘的</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">有时候就是不经意出现的</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">，</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">那么</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">我们能做的</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">就是</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">预防工作是避免外力冲击还有就是情绪的大起大落，情绪的失控会造成血管的膨胀而导致的紊乱现象。</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">还有就是以上找良医网专家为您介绍的</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">损伤性动静脉瘘术后复发的护理措施</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">。听医生的叮嘱，恢复的也快。您也更早的解脱病魔。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">祝您早日康复！</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"2447","topicTypeId":"3","topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1148,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1516333333865,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1516333333865,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"type3":[{"id":"7941","isDel":0,"createAt":1511166907171,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"后天性动静脉瘘容易与哪些疾病混淆","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1511167847871.jpg\" title=\"后天性动静脉瘘容易与哪些疾病混淆\" alt=\"后天性动静脉瘘容易与哪些疾病混淆\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">急性动静脉瘘可在受伤后立即出现，或者是在动静脉沟通外填塞血块溶解后出现，在损伤局部有血肿，绝大多数有震颤和杂音。大多数病人在动静脉瘘远端的肢体仍能扪及动脉搏动，但比健侧弱。下肢股浅动脉伴有股深动脉损伤时，不能扪及足足背动脉搏动，且有肢体缺血症状。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　慢性动静脉瘘病人的患肢肿胀、麻木、疼痛、乏力。在搏动性肿块局部有嗡嗡声。心力衰竭可有胸闷、心悸、气急。常见体征有：</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\"><br/></span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp; ①瘘区有杂音和震颤，不管动静脉瘘口径大小，在动静脉瘘部位都可以听到典型、粗糙而持续的隆隆声，称为“机器样”杂音。杂音在心脏收缩期增强，并沿着主干血管近侧和远端传导。这种杂音和假性动脉瘤引起微弱的舒张期杂音以及动脉狭窄引起的收缩期杂音鑑别</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp; ②脉率加快：这是由于静脉回心血量增加引起的Braibridge反射或由于平均动脉压下降（Marey定律）导致心脏工作量增加的结果</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp; ③心脏扩大和心力衰竭：由于大量血液经瘘孔迅速地流入静脉，静脉压增高，心脏的回流血量增加，引起心脏扩大。心脏进行性扩大可导致心力衰竭。心脏扩大和心力衰竭的程度与瘘口的大小，部位以及存在的时间长短有密切关系。越近心脏的瘘，如主动脉弓直接分支（颈动脉、无各动脉、锁骨下动脉）与伴行静脉形成的静脉瘘，出现心力衰竭较早且严重。Pate报道主动脉的直接分支发生的动静脉瘘，最早可在外伤后6星期发生心力衰竭，绝大多数肢体的动静脉瘘，出现心切除发生动静脉瘘中9例手术后早期就有局部疼痛、腹水和腹痛症状</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp; ④局部升温升高：受累肢体在动静脉瘘部位表面皮温升高，高动静脉瘘较远的部位，皮温可能正常或低于正常</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp; ⑤静脉功能不全：动静脉之间直接交通，使静脉增高。多数病人，动静脉瘘附近或远端的浅表静脉扩张和弯曲。皮肤色素沉着伴有小腿蜂窝组织炎，足趾或手指常发生溃疡，表现类似深静脉炎后症状。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"2447","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1166,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1511166907173,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1511166907173,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"type2":[{"id":"11375","isDel":0,"createAt":1516335570431,"createBy":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"海绵宝宝","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"损伤性动静脉瘘有哪些症状呢","content":"<p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1516336425980.jpg\" title=\"损伤性动静脉瘘有哪些症状呢\" alt=\"损伤性动静脉瘘有哪些症状呢\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%;\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">如果您知道了损伤性动静脉瘘的主要发病原因，那么就应该了解损伤性动静脉瘘的主要临床表现，这是确定治疗方案的基础。以下</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">就是找良医网专家为您解答的损伤性动静脉瘘临床症状，帮助找良网专家的解答能增加您对损伤性动静脉瘘的了解。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\">　　</p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">大多数损伤性动静脉瘘，由贯通伤引起如刺伤枪弹伤及金属碎片等毗邻的动静脉。同时直接受损伤在数天后就可形成交通，称直接瘘如动静脉的创口间存在的血肿，在血肿机化后形成囊形或管状的动脉和静脉间的交通，称间接瘘少数见，</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">于是</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">动脉瘤破入邻近静脉或因血管壁细菌</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">就会</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">感染破溃导致动静脉瘘。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">临床表现：</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">在急性期，局部因有血肿，有时可见肿块，大多有震颤和杂音，并扪及搏动。而慢性期，主要是血流动力学变化产生的各种表现。瘘的近、远侧表浅静脉明显扩张，皮肤温度升高，而远离瘘的远侧，尤其在足端，因动脉供血量减少和静脉瘀血，出现营养性变化如皮肤光薄、色素沉着、溃疡形成等。如瘘口大，离心脏近，可引起心脏进行扩大，导致心力衰竭。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">①急性期：损伤局部出现血肿瘘口可被血块堵塞因而常在数天内出现搏动性肿块大多有震颤和杂音多数病人在瘘的远端动脉仍可扪及搏动</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">②慢性期：主要是血流动力学变化产生的各种表现由于高压的动脉血经瘘直接灌注静脉使静脉压力升高瘘的近远侧浅静脉明显扩张皮肤温度升高在远离瘘的部位尤其在足端因动脉供血量减少和静脉瘀血出现营养性变化如皮肤光薄色素沉着溃疡形成等瘘口越大离心脏越近发生瘘的动脉口径越粗(如颈动脉锁骨下动脉髂动脉股动脉等)由于大量血液经瘘孔直接进入静脉回心血量大增可引起心脏进行扩大导致心力衰竭局部症状往往十分典型：沿瘘口的两侧可以听到粗糙连续的血管杂音邻近瘘的静脉明显扩张并有血管杂音及震颤。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">以上就是我们找良网专家为您解答的损伤性动静脉瘘有哪些症状，那么在疑似损伤性动静脉瘘的患者朋友们可以仔细排查。如果有不幸患有损伤性动静脉瘘，大家也不要过分着急，只要耐心配合医生治疗，有良好的的心态，治愈率还是挺高的。找良网专家祝您早日康复！都能还大家一个健康。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"2447","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1263,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1516335570434,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1516335570434,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"6075","isDel":0,"createAt":1508477913749,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":1522553765364,"updateBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"良药苦口","userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"损伤性动静脉瘘症状、起因与临床表现！","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">由损伤导致的动脉与静脉之间的异常交通，称为</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">损伤性动静脉瘘</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">。多由贯通伤引起，如刀刺伤、枪弹伤、金属碎片损伤等；亦可由医源性因素引起，如动、静脉穿刺等，损伤同时伤及邻近的动脉和静脉，形成动脉与静脉之间的直接交通。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1508478706103.jpg\" title=\"损伤性动静脉瘘症状、起因与临床表现！\" alt=\"损伤性动静脉瘘症状、起因与临床表现！\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/><br/><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">临床表现</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">损伤性动静脉瘘，可在损伤后立即出现，或在动、静脉破口之间的血肿机化、溶解后再发生。前者称为急性动静脉瘘，较少见，多数在慢性期才被发现。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">急性期：可在局部出现搏动性包块，伴有震颤和杂音等。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">慢性期：主要是血流动力学改变引起的各种反应，临床表现因瘘口大小、部位和发病时间而异。因高压动脉血直接流入低压的静脉，在瘘口局部可触及明显的震颤，听诊可闻及机械样杂音。由于静脉高压，瘘口近、远侧的肢体可出现浅静脉扩张。瘘口远侧的肢体由于动脉血供减少，静脉血流淤滞，而出现营养性变化，如皮肤光滑菲薄、色素沉着、溃疡形成，甚至发生指、趾端坏疽。病变周围皮温升高，远侧皮温降低。大量动脉血直接流入静脉，回心血量增加，可导致心力衰竭。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><br/></p>","barId":"2447","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1213,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1508477913751,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1508477913751,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"metaSearch":{"description":"为您提供:损伤性动静脉瘘是怎么引起的_损伤性动静脉瘘治疗方法_损伤性动静脉瘘病友的治疗经验等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"损伤性动静脉瘘是怎么引起的_损伤性动静脉瘘治疗方法","title":"损伤性动静脉瘘是怎么引起的_损伤性动静脉瘘治疗方法","channels":{"病友社区":{"description":"为病友提供:损伤性动静脉瘘论坛__病友交流平台_病友论坛，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"损伤性动静脉瘘论坛__病友交流平台_病友论坛","title":"损伤性动静脉瘘论坛__病友交流平台_病友论坛","channels":null},"治疗":{"description":"为您提供:损伤性动静脉瘘治疗方法_损伤性动静脉瘘怎么治疗等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"损伤性动静脉瘘治疗方法_损伤性动静脉瘘怎么治疗","title":"损伤性动静脉瘘治疗方法_损伤性动静脉瘘怎么治疗","channels":null},"症状":{"description":"为您提供:损伤性动静脉瘘的症状_损伤性动静脉瘘的表现等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"损伤性动静脉瘘的症状_损伤性动静脉瘘的表现","title":"损伤性动静脉瘘的症状_损伤性动静脉瘘的表现","channels":null},"并发症":{"description":"为您提供:损伤性动静脉瘘并发症_损伤性动静脉瘘后遗症_损伤性动静脉瘘的危害等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"损伤性动静脉瘘并发症_损伤性动静脉瘘后遗症_损伤性动静脉瘘的危害","title":"损伤性动静脉瘘并发症_损伤性动静脉瘘后遗症_损伤性动静脉瘘的危害","channels":null},"饮食":{"description":"为您提供:损伤性动静脉瘘吃什么_损伤性动静脉瘘饮食禁忌等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"损伤性动静脉瘘吃什么_损伤性动静脉瘘饮食禁忌","title":"损伤性动静脉瘘吃什么_损伤性动静脉瘘饮食禁忌","channels":null},"病因":{"description":"为您提供:损伤性动静脉瘘病因_损伤性动静脉瘘的原因等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"损伤性动静脉瘘病因_损伤性动静脉瘘的原因","title":"损伤性动静脉瘘病因_损伤性动静脉瘘的原因","channels":null},"病友求助":{"description":"为您提供:损伤性动静脉瘘能根治吗等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"损伤性动静脉瘘能根治吗","title":"损伤性动静脉瘘能根治吗","channels":null},"预防":{"description":"为您提供:怎么预防损伤性动静脉瘘_损伤性动静脉瘘预防措施等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。","keywords":"怎么预防损伤性动静脉瘘_损伤性动静脉瘘预防措施","title":"怎么预防损伤性动静脉瘘_损伤性动静脉瘘预防措施","channels":null}}},"focus":0,"type1":[{"id":"7889","isDel":0,"createAt":1511153563015,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"损伤性动静脉瘘的治疗方法  ","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　后天性动静脉瘘一旦形成，由于动静脉之间压差大难以闭合，应早期采用有效方法治疗。以往均采用手术治疗方法，而今随着腔内血管外科技术的发展，对某些大或较大的血管动静脉瘘已可用腔内支架移植物进行治疗。外科手术治疗动静脉瘘方法很多，必须根据不同部位及不同病例类型制定相应的手术方案。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1511153831122.jpg\" title=\"损伤性动静脉瘘的治疗方法  \" alt=\"损伤性动静脉瘘的治疗方法  \" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　1、瘘口近端动脉结扎法：早在19世纪初，就有通过近端动脉结扎法治疗周围动静脉瘘，但因侧支循环可使瘘口继续存在，达不到治疗目的，且存在肢体远端缺血的可能，目前已被摒弃。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　2、瘘口两端动静脉四头结扎术：虽然祛除了瘘口，但术后出现远端肢体血供不足，静脉回流障碍，可表现为间歇性跛行、静息痛、溃疡或坏疽，下肢肿胀等，一般不宜采用。目前只适用于肢体远端非主干动脉，且侧支循环建立良好的动静脉瘘。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1511154324889.jpg\" title=\"损伤性动静脉瘘的治疗方法  \" alt=\"损伤性动静脉瘘的治疗方法  \" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　3、瘘管结扎术：适用于管状型动静脉瘘。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　4、瘘口关闭，血管重建术：术中根据动静脉瘘的原因、部位、大小而采用不同的手术方式：包括经静脉切开瘘口修补术；瘘切除、动脉和静脉壁侧面缝合修补术；瘘切除、动脉对端吻合静脉侧面修补术；瘘切除人造血管或自体大隐静脉旁路术；瘘口旷置、动脉旁路术等。一般认为主干动脉都需要重建，而对静脉而言，直径等于或大于腘静脉的静脉都需要重建，直径较小的单纯结扎即可。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　5、介入栓塞治疗：适用于小的、非主干动脉的动静脉瘘，如股深动脉、髂内动脉、胫前、后动脉、腓动脉、椎动脉和一些小的分支动脉。栓塞剂包括吸收性明胶海绵、不锈钢圈、记忆合金弹簧圈、二氰基丙烯酸异丁酯等，可根据情况选用。栓塞后有远端组织缺血的可能。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1511154539172.jpg\" title=\"损伤性动静脉瘘的治疗方法  \" alt=\"损伤性动静脉瘘的治疗方法  \" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　6、腔内血管内支架治疗：随着腔内血管外科的发展，通过介入方法在瘘口处动脉释放人工血管内支架，隔绝动静脉之间的血流，适用于发生在大中动脉的动静脉瘘，如锁骨下动脉、髂动脉和股动脉等，创伤小、近期疗效满意，但远期疗效有待进一步观察。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"2447","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1252,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1511153563016,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1511153563016,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"type0":[{"id":"11362","isDel":0,"createAt":1516331698074,"createBy":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"海绵宝宝","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"db869ccaaef711e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"专家如何回答损伤性动静脉瘘的病因是什么","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1516331993610.jpg\" title=\"专家如何回答损伤性动静脉瘘的病因是什么\" alt=\"专家如何回答损伤性动静脉瘘的病因是什么\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">您懂得损伤性动静脉瘘吗？损伤性动静脉瘘的病因是什么？</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">损伤性动静脉瘘的病因是什么</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">先天性动静脉瘘形成于胚胎发育期。在胎儿血管发育的中期，动脉不仅与伴随静脉同行，且与周围的毛细血管间有广泛的吻合。出生后，上述吻合支逐渐闭合，代以动、静脉各行其道的主干。如果原始的丛状血管结构残存，即成大小、数目和瘘型不一的动、静脉间异常通道。在婴幼儿期呈隐匿状态，至学龄期后，随着活动量增加和进入发育期则迅速发展和蔓延，可以侵犯邻近的肌肉、骨骼及神经等组织。病理上可以分为三种类型：</span>①干状动静脉瘘：在动、静脉主干间有一个或多个细小瘘口，伴有浅静脉扩张或曲张、震颤及杂音。②瘤样动静脉瘘：在动、静脉主干的分支间存在瘘口，伴有局部血管瘤样扩大的团块。③混合型：兼有上述两种的病理改变。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">外伤是后天性动静脉瘘的主要原因尤其是贯通伤，如刀刺伤、枪弹伤钢铁和玻璃碎片飞击伤等最为常见。受伤时，同一鞘内邻近的动、静脉均受到损伤，建立了动、静脉异常通道而形成动静脉瘘。经皮穿刺血管造影和手术时创伤也是常见的病因。一般贯通伤外口很小，邻近的肌肉和软组织阻止了血液外流，在局部软组织内形成血肿血肿机化后形成动静脉的囊壁。鸟枪、手榴弹等火器引起的外伤性动静脉瘘动静脉之间可有多个瘘口。挤压伤亦可引起动静脉瘘。如脾、肾切除时，脾蒂、肾蒂大块结扎可发生动静脉瘘。肩部、臀部挫伤可引起局部动静脉瘘。</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">其他原因引起动静脉瘘不多见。自发性动脉瘤硬化逐渐粘连、损伤性动静脉瘘病理生理</span></span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">无论是先天性或损伤性动静脉瘘，大多见于四肢。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">先天性动静脉瘘常为：多发性，瘘口细小</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">；</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">往往影响骨骼及肌肉，受累肢体出现形态和营养障碍性改变</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">；</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">对全身血液循环的影响较小。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">损伤性动静脉痿一般为单发且瘘口较大，高压的动脉血流通过接口直接进入静脉向心回流，因而造成：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">①静脉压升高，管壁增厚、管腔扩大、迂曲，静脉瓣膜关闭功能失常.导致周围静脉高压的临床表现。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">②瘘口近侧动脉因代偿性血流量增加而继发性扩大，瘘口远侧动脉则因血流量减少而变细，出现远端组织缺血的临床表现。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">③对全身血液循环产生明显影响。周围血管阻力降低，中心动脉压随之下降</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">；</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">动脉血流经瘘口分流及远端动脉缺血，促使心率加速，以维持有效的周围循环</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">；</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">回心血流增加，继发心脏扩大，景终导致心力衰竭。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">找良医网专家讲</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">损伤性动静脉瘘的病因先天形成的，也有后天外伤造成的。如果患有损伤性动静脉瘘，</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">无论您是先天还是后天，一定重视病情</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">。</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">专业点来讲，还是在最佳的治疗阶段给予最好的治疗是可以减轻患者不少的痛苦</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">，</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">在痊愈的方便也是很高的</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">。同时，</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;<span style=\"font-family:宋体\">找良医网专家说在平常的生活中一定在出行方便注意安全，避免不必要的伤害。也可以减少损伤性动静脉瘘的发生率。您的健康就是全家人的健康。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">祝您早日康复！</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"2447","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1168,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1516331698076,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1516331698076,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},{"id":"7887","isDel":0,"createAt":1511153173423,"createBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"梅油油","updateAt":1524108069491,"updateBy":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"梅油油","userId":"8b39c578b53311e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"损伤性动静脉瘘是怎么引起的","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">外伤是后天性动静脉瘘的主要原因，尤其是贯通伤，如刀刺伤、枪弹伤、钢铁和玻璃碎片飞击伤等最为常见。受伤时，同一鞘内邻近的动、静脉均受到损伤，建立了动、静脉异常通道而形成动静脉瘘。经皮穿刺血管造影和手术时创伤也是常见的病因。一般贯通伤外口很小，邻近的肌肉和软组织阻止了血液外流，在局部软组织内形成血肿，血肿机化后形成动静脉的囊壁。鸟枪、手榴弹等火器引起的外伤性动静脉瘘，动静脉之间可有多个瘘口。挤压伤亦可引起动静脉瘘。如脾、肾切除时，脾蒂、肾蒂大块结扎可发生动静脉瘘。肩部、臀部挫伤可引起局部动静脉瘘。</span> &nbsp;<span style=\"font-family:宋体\">其他原因引起动静脉瘘不多见。自发性动脉瘤硬化逐渐粘连、腐蚀最后穿破伴行静脉</span>;细菌性动脉炎，停留在动脉分叉处的细菌引起动脉穿孔并通入伴行的静脉，都可能发生动静脉瘘。</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">损伤性动静脉瘘是怎么引起</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">的？</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1511154033415.jpg\" title=\"损伤性动静脉瘘是怎么引起的\" alt=\"损伤性动静脉瘘是怎么引起的\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">㈠贯通伤</span>&nbsp;绝大多数后天性动静脉瘘是贯通伤引起。如各种穿刺伤，特别是高速子弹、钠铁和玻璃碎片飞击伤。在受伤的当时，同一鞘内的动脉和静脉一起受损伤。闭合性骨折由于尖锐的骨折端或碎骨片刺破邻近血管。经皮穿刺动脉造影和手术时创伤是最常见的病因。第四，五腰椎间盘靠近髂血管，作椎间盘切除手术时，易造成髂血管损伤引起髂动静脉瘘。一般贯通伤外口很小，因邻近的肌肉和软组织阻止了大量出血，在局部软组织内形成血肿，血肿机化后形成动静脉瘘的囊壁。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">㈡挤压伤</span>&nbsp;平行的动脉和静脉同时受挤压可发生动静脉瘘。医源性损伤例如脾切除和肾切除，大块结扎脾蒂和肾蒂;截肢时股动静脉结扎;甲状腺切除时，上极动静脉大块结扎，均可发生动静脉瘘。外来的暴力作用于软组织，将软组织挤压在骨骼上，如肩部、臀部挫伤可引起局部动静脉瘘，颅骨骨折可引起脑膜血管的动静脉瘘等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">㈢其他原因</span>&nbsp;动脉瘤逐渐产生粘连、腐蚀，最后穿破伴行静脉，甚至肿瘤溃疡破到大的血管壁都可发生动静脉瘘。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span><br/></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"2447","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":1,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1008,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1511153173425,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1511153173425,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null}],"lyBar":{"id":"2447","isDel":0,"createAt":1483430519109,"createBy":"system","createName":"system","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"name":"损伤性动静脉瘘","type":102,"twoCode":"http://zhao01.com/zly_img/zly_wx.jpg","image":null,"provinceId":null,"cityId":null,"illId":"73976203bb5f11e6a61c00163e04584d","hospitalId":null,"keyWord":null,"totleTopic":0,"barDesc":null,"discussBarType":null,"metaSearch":"{\"channels\":{\"病友社区\":{\"description\":\"为病友提供:损伤性动静脉瘘论坛__病友交流平台_病友论坛，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"损伤性动静脉瘘论坛__病友交流平台_病友论坛\",\"title\":\"损伤性动静脉瘘论坛__病友交流平台_病友论坛\"},\"治疗\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:损伤性动静脉瘘治疗方法_损伤性动静脉瘘怎么治疗等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"损伤性动静脉瘘治疗方法_损伤性动静脉瘘怎么治疗\",\"title\":\"损伤性动静脉瘘治疗方法_损伤性动静脉瘘怎么治疗\"},\"症状\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:损伤性动静脉瘘的症状_损伤性动静脉瘘的表现等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"损伤性动静脉瘘的症状_损伤性动静脉瘘的表现\",\"title\":\"损伤性动静脉瘘的症状_损伤性动静脉瘘的表现\"},\"并发症\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:损伤性动静脉瘘并发症_损伤性动静脉瘘后遗症_损伤性动静脉瘘的危害等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"损伤性动静脉瘘并发症_损伤性动静脉瘘后遗症_损伤性动静脉瘘的危害\",\"title\":\"损伤性动静脉瘘并发症_损伤性动静脉瘘后遗症_损伤性动静脉瘘的危害\"},\"饮食\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:损伤性动静脉瘘吃什么_损伤性动静脉瘘饮食禁忌等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"损伤性动静脉瘘吃什么_损伤性动静脉瘘饮食禁忌\",\"title\":\"损伤性动静脉瘘吃什么_损伤性动静脉瘘饮食禁忌\"},\"病因\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:损伤性动静脉瘘病因_损伤性动静脉瘘的原因等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"损伤性动静脉瘘病因_损伤性动静脉瘘的原因\",\"title\":\"损伤性动静脉瘘病因_损伤性动静脉瘘的原因\"},\"病友求助\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:损伤性动静脉瘘能根治吗等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"损伤性动静脉瘘能根治吗\",\"title\":\"损伤性动静脉瘘能根治吗\"},\"预防\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:怎么预防损伤性动静脉瘘_损伤性动静脉瘘预防措施等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"怎么预防损伤性动静脉瘘_损伤性动静脉瘘预防措施\",\"title\":\"怎么预防损伤性动静脉瘘_损伤性动静脉瘘预防措施\"}},\"description\":\"为您提供:损伤性动静脉瘘是怎么引起的_损伤性动静脉瘘治疗方法_损伤性动静脉瘘病友的治疗经验等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"损伤性动静脉瘘是怎么引起的_损伤性动静脉瘘治疗方法\",\"title\":\"损伤性动静脉瘘是怎么引起的_损伤性动静脉瘘治疗方法\"}","adInfo":null},"zlyBar":{"id":"2447","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"name":null,"type":0,"twoCode":null,"image":null,"provinceId":null,"cityId":null,"illId":null,"hospitalId":null,"keyWord":null,"totleTopic":0,"barDesc":null,"discussBarType":null,"metaSearch":null,"adInfo":null},"herfList":[],"forumUserFocusBar":{"id":null,"isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"barId":null,"barName":null,"barType":0,"webType":0,"userType":0},"days":0,"dataCache":{"ad":[{"name":"","content":"","url":"www.baidu.com","img":"http://www.01luntan.com/ly_img/book-yl.jpg"},{"name":"","content":"","url":"www.baidu.com","img":"http://www.01luntan.com/ly_img/book-yl.jpg"}],"row0_01":[{"name":"","content":"","url":"https://www.zhao01.com/news/bbs/30258","img":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1702281952092.jpg"}],"row0_02":[{"name":"状腺疾病的临床诊治","content":"","url":"www.baidu.com","img":"http://img0.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=3069164470,1397462178&fm=206&gp=0.jpg"},{"name":"惊人病例：Infliximab 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