{"nowTime30":1782517800965,"lyBarModerator":null,"metaSearch":{"description":"　 对照组患者给予常规护理干预，主要包括：①心理疏导。患者在接受手术治疗之前，均会产生一定的情绪波动，从而出现焦虑、恐惧等负性情绪，此时，护理人员给予患者有效的心理疏导，消除或者减轻患者的负性情绪，帮助患者树立战胜疾病的信心，为手术的顺利完成奠定坚实的基础。②饮食指导。向患者说明营养的重要性，指导患","keywords":"重度脊柱侧凸前后路联合矫形术的护理要点_洞医","title":"重度脊柱侧凸前后路联合矫形术的护理要点_洞医","channels":null},"identificate":{"id":"b24baed2f19b11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1486956169485,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","realName":"hng 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style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1488033561910.jpg\" title=\"1488033561910.jpg\" alt=\"timg (36).jpg\"/></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;;color:#333333\">“</span></strong><strong><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;color:#333333\">头昏脖子痛</span></strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;;color:#333333\">”</span></strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;color:#333333\">可能是脊柱侧弯信号</span></strong></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\">　　<span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">12</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">岁的晓晓（化名）前段时间老是觉得自己头昏、脖子痛，一开始，家里人还没意识到什么问题，后来仔细一看，竟发现晓晓的肩膀一高一低，走路样子都有点不太对了，于是立马从老家温岭赶到省中医院来看诊。</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">　　脊柱侧弯比较难发现，多数情况是家长看到孩子肩膀有高低，或者在</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">&quot;</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">咳嗽</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">&quot;</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family: 宋体\">拍</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">X</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height: 200%;font-family:宋体\">光片的时候，看到两侧肺部有高低。晓晓是脊柱长歪了，抵到了颈椎，才会出现头昏、脖子痛等症状。</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">　　脊柱侧弯会催使颈椎病提前发生；在外观上，孩子通常有双肩不等高、背部高低不平，女孩子还会有乳房大小不对称的现象；另外，胸廓也会变形，挤压胸廓内的心肺，引起肺功能降低；再有一个，就是令孩子有自卑感，影响心理健康。</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">　　对待青少年健康，家长可能会更关注孩子肥胖、近视等问题，但实际上，脊柱侧弯也是大家需要重视的一个环节。杜医生说，脊柱侧弯在孩子发育前治疗效果最好，女孩子基本在十一二岁（月经前），男孩子在十四五岁左右。</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\"><strong><span style=\"color:#333333\">适合脊柱侧弯患者的几个小动作</span></strong></span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">　　一、俯卧向前伸单臂。在垫子上俯卧挺身，使脊柱侧弯的另一例手全力前伸，同侧手后伸，同时做抬头挺胸动作。</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">　　二、体转动作。两脚开立，扭转躯干，做向胸椎曲凸的同方向的体转运动。完成一次体转后，两臂轻置体侧，再重复上述动作（不要做另一方向的体转动作），在动作过程中强调双腿伸直，不要移动双脚，以免减低练习效果。重复</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">20</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">～</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">30</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">次，共练习</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">4</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height: 200%;font-family:宋体\">组。</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">　　三、单臂外振动作。身体直立，两脚开立与肩同宽，弯侧臂伸直空手用力向体外侧振举到极限，用力放下到体前内侧极限，做</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">30</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">～</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">50</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">次。接着手持重物（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">2.5</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height: 200%;font-family:宋体\">～</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">5</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">公斤）重复练</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">15</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">～</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">20</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height: 200%;font-family:宋体\">次，共做</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">4</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">组。</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">　　四、持棒向侧上方摆动伸展。俯卧在垫子上，两手宽于肩距，持棍棒或绳子或毛巾，抬起胸部挺腹，弯曲胸椎曲凸面的另一侧手臂，伸直同侧面的手臂用力向侧凸面使劲做摆振式体侧动作，并同时使上体和两臂尽力向上抬起。如持绳子和毛巾，务必绷紧，不让其放松下沉。重复</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">20</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">～</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">30</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">次，共练习</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Tahoma&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">4</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height: 200%;font-family:宋体\">组。</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\"><strong><span style=\"color:#333333\">青少年脊柱侧弯需要及早防治</span></strong></span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">　　青少年脊柱侧弯早期的发病部位和症状通常比较隐匿，多数患者不痛也不痒，即使发病的过程中偶尔有背痛，也常常容易被忽视。加上现在中小学生户外活动时间较少，当孩子开始出现肩膀不等高的时候，不容易被父母发现。然而，需要注意的是，青春期发育阶段恰恰是侧弯进展最快的时候，等到畸形明显时，症状往往已经很严重了。此外，为了不耽误孩子上学，有的家长即使已经发现孩子出现脊柱侧弯的症状，也会等到放寒暑假才带孩子去就医，这种做法是非常错误的。侧弯刚刚开始时，脊柱的柔韧性尚且较好，对其进行矫形纠正相对容易。等到侧弯进展到一定程度，纠正就变得非常困难，同时矫形的风险性也会增加。因此，建议家长一旦发现孩子出现脊柱侧弯的苗头，最好尽快带孩子前往正规医院接受检查，避免因拖延而错过最佳治疗时机。为了预防脊柱侧弯的发生，家长应注意及时纠正孩子的不良姿势。当孩子读书、写作业时，一般要有适合其身高的桌椅和充足的光线。书应端置于正前方，身体应是松弛的，头略向下偏，双手自然平放于书的两旁，身体与书桌之间应保持一拳的距离，头部随视线自由移动。有的孩子会有斜视书本或卧视书本的习惯，家长应随时予以纠正。学习一段时间后，家长应提醒孩子稍事休息，使其身体得到舒展和放松。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1036","readLevel":0,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":5},{"id":"7136","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"脊椎病的相关食谱推荐","content":"<p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">脊椎病是生活中比较比较常见的骨科疾病。对于这样的疾病我们在生活中能通过什么饮食来改善呢？下面就几种常见的能</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">改善脊椎病的饮食</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">提供大家参考。</span></p><p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1510109022392.jpg\" title=\"脊椎病的相关食谱推荐\" alt=\"脊椎病的相关食谱推荐\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">火腿冬笋粥</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">热火腿肉</span>50克，冬笋20克，水发香菇30克，青豆20克，香油25克，葱花与生姜末少许，肉汤1500克，糯米100克，煮粥，每日分多次服用。益气血，充精髓，益肾生津，健脾开胃壮筋骨。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">葛根赤小豆粥</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">葛根</span>15克，水煎去渣取汁，赤小豆20克，粳米30克，共煮粥服食，适用于颈项僵硬者;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">枸杞牛肉粥</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">黄牛肉切丁</span>50克，糯米100克共煮粥，待粥将煮好时放入枸杞20克，再共煮成粥加调味后服食，适用于颈项不利、下肢痿软者。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">黑豆粥</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">黑豆</span>50克，红枣30克，大米200克，红糖30克，黑豆、大米浸泡过夜，入开水锅内小火熬煮10～15分钟，再将红枣洗净、去核，加入粥中继续熬煮，待米烂豆熟粥将稠时，加入红糖稍煮片刻即可食用。此粥补脾益肾，活血壮骨，祛风止痛。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">山药薏仁粥</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">山药</span>20克，薏苡仁20克，粳米100克。急火煮开3分钟，文火煮20分钟，成粥，趁热食用。适用于颈椎病眩晕型，口粘，头重目眩者。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><br/></p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":6},{"id":"10558","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"请别做5种动作 会导致脊柱侧弯","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1515230120507.jpg\" title=\"请别做5种动作 会导致脊柱侧弯\" alt=\"请别做5种动作 会导致脊柱侧弯\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">许多人会有趴着睡觉、蹲着做事、跷二郎腿等等行为习惯，却不知道这些行为习惯在悄悄的伤害着你的脊椎和身体健康。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">请别做</span>5种动作来悄悄伤害脊椎</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\">　　趴着午睡</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　许多上班族习惯中午趴在桌子上打盹，这不利于颈椎保持生理弧度，可能导致颈椎问题。有背痛或颈痛的人，尤其不能趴着睡，会加重病情。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\">　　窝在沙发里</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　窝在沙发里或床上看电视、玩手机的确放松，可这对骨头来说却很煎熬。半卧位时，腰椎缺乏足够支撑，原有弧度被迫发生改变，椎间盘所受重力增大，不利于腰椎和脊柱保持生理结构，久而久之可能导致肌肉劳损、脊柱侧弯，甚至诱发腰痛、颈椎病和腰椎间盘突出。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\">　　蹲着干活</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　研究表明，平躺时膝盖的负重几乎是零，站起来和平地走路时负重是体重的</span>1～2倍，跑步是4倍，而蹲和跪是8倍。临床上，女性膝关节疾病患者多于男性，就是因为生活中女性下蹲次数相对男性更多，比如蹲着洗衣服、择菜、擦地等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\">　　直膝提重物</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　生活中，很多人都曾有过</span>“闪腰”的经历，临床上叫做急性腰部扭伤。有时一个不良姿势，就容易造成闪腰。直着膝盖、弯腰提重物时，不能有效发挥髋、膝关节周围肌肉的力量，腰背筋膜、肌肉、韧带往往因为负担过重而受伤，也对腰椎不利。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\">　　头和肩夹着手机打电话</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　有些人工作繁忙时，习惯将电话夹在头和脖子之间。殊不知，颈椎向一侧过度用力，可能导致颈部肌肉痉挛和过度疲劳，造成脖子酸胀、疼痛，埋下颈椎病的隐患。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1034","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":5},{"id":"2759","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"女,6岁9个月。先天性脊柱侧弯，10度，4根肋骨异常.未进行治疗，会发展吗","content":"<p><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &#39;Hiragino Sans GB&#39;, Helvetica, &#39;microsoft yahei&#39;, simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: rgb(252, 252, 252);\">女,6岁9个月。先天性脊柱侧弯，10度，4根肋骨异常.女儿现在6岁半，一直随诊，未进行治疗，会发展吗，需要支具矫正或手术吗</span></p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":5},{"id":"1343","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"青春期脊柱侧弯表现","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 3px; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 3px; margin-left: 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　专家建议家长，无论学校是否进行脊柱畸形的筛查，都应该更多地关注孩子，不能等待学校、医生发现脊柱畸形的体征。如发现下列征象，应警惕：</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　一侧髋部比一侧高，腰部不对称，弯曲的凹面看起来比凸面高；</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　一侧肩膀比另一侧明显突出或</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">&ldquo;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">增大</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">&rdquo;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">，通常右侧肩高较为多见；</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　领口不平，一侧肩部比另一侧高；</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　女孩双乳发育不均等，左侧的乳房往往较大。（但正常女性有</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">30%</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">存在两侧乳房不对称的情况，应加以区别。）</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　无论是在站立时，还是向前弯腰时，从背后都看到脊柱两侧的腰背轮廓不平整对称，出现一边高于另一边的现象。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　<strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">　呼吁</span></strong></span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">&middot;</span></strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">学习或运动都该考虑孩子的身体特点</span></strong></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　老师反映：学生坐得太久，高矮不分的桌椅不利学生脊柱发育</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　近视眼、脊柱侧弯和心理健康，这是医院专家总结的青少年成长三大问题。近视眼和心理健康这些年在社会各界的关注下</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">&ldquo;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">上镜率</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">&rdquo;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">颇高，脊柱侧弯却在人们的疏忽中成为危害花季少年健康成长的</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">&ldquo;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">隐秘杀手</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">&rdquo;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　据了解，美国的政府部门通过相关法律，要求学校每年春秋两季为学生进行专门的脊柱体检。在厦门，学生每年一次的常规体检中包括了脊柱检查，但是家长对孩子的检测结果并不重视。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">&ldquo;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">除去激素、遗传等病理原因之外，不良坐姿和运动不当是造成青少年脊柱侧弯的重要原因之一。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">&rdquo;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">思明区医院一名骨科医生说。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　有资料显示，一名小学生一天在学校平均要坐</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">4</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">个小时；一名中学生则将近</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">6</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">个小时。如此长时间坐着，倘若坐姿不良，对身体正在发育的孩子的影响是难以估量的。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　一位长期在教育一线的老师说，现在许多老师要求学生注意坐姿端正，往往是从预防近视眼的角度考虑的，而几年、十几年规格不变，前排、后排高矮不分的桌椅对学生脊柱的不利影响，却被忽略了。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 3px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">　　与过去相比，如今的中小学生身材普遍高而胖，成天坐在与身体不配套的桌椅上，弓着腰、侧着身写字的情景就不稀奇了。还有的家长热衷于让孩子参加各种兴趣班，结果因运动不当导致脊柱侧弯。这些兴趣班的教学过程中，如何针对中小学生身体尚未成熟的特点进行必要的防护，尚需全面的考虑。</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":5},{"id":"2919","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"青少年脊柱侧弯不容忽视","content":"<p><strong><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">什么原因引起脊柱侧弯的？&nbsp;</span></strong></p><p><span style=\"font-family:Arial, 宋体\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px;\"><br/></span></span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　目前国际上都在研究这个问题，有的病人是先天性因素造成这个问题，有的病人是大脑瘫痪造成的脊柱弯曲，临床上有特发性脊柱侧弯大概占75～80%左右。这样所谓的特发性是原因不太清楚的，目前我们一些研究认为可能和遗传有一些关系，而且是多因素的遗传关系，但确切地是哪个基因或者DNA的变化引起脊柱侧弯目前还不清楚。&nbsp;</span></p><p><span style=\"font-family:Arial, 宋体\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px;\"><br/></span></span><strong><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">脊柱侧弯发病时期是什么时候？发病率又是多少？&nbsp;</span></strong></p><p><span style=\"font-family:Arial, 宋体\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px;\"><strong><br/></strong></span></span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　脊柱侧弯发病率我们更多地叫患病率，一般脊柱侧弯是1～3%左右。全国各地包括天津、广东相继作的调查患病率大概在1.5%左右，有的报告1.7%，有的2%，总的是1.5%左右。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　谈到这个患病率还要考虑怎么定义脊柱侧弯，我们一般是有一个测量的度数，如果超过10度就定为脊柱侧弯了，算在1.5%之内，如果是20度患病率比较大的，患病率是0.1%到0.2%左右。&nbsp;</span></p><p><span style=\"font-family:Arial, 宋体\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px;\"><br/></span></span><strong><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">孩子在哪个年龄段治疗效果比较好呢？&nbsp;</span></strong></p><p><font face=\"Arial, 宋体\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px;\"><br/></span></font><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　脊柱侧弯的发展趋势是很难确定什么时候会发展成什么样，0～3岁是生长发育高峰，第二个高峰是10～16岁，女孩子可能更早一点。在这个发育高峰期如果有侧弯发展是比较快的，所以这个时期病人做手术的比较多一点。判断病人要不要做手术一个是根据侧弯的大小，要不要治疗也是根据侧弯的大小和发展的速度。目前比较客观的方法就是根据随访。半年前发现病人有多少弯曲，这半年随访如果小孩发育比较快的时期弯曲加重明显，我们就要进行干预，否则任其发展会带来比较严重的后果。但是也有可能一部分侧弯发展缓慢，这部分病人我们进行随访观察，可能影响不是很大。&nbsp;</span></p><p><font face=\"Arial, 宋体\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px;\"><br/></span></font><strong><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">脊柱侧弯是不是可以不用手术用其他方法进行治愈？&nbsp;</span></strong></p><p><font face=\"Arial, 宋体\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px;\"><b><br/></b></span></font><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　16岁左右的孩子弯曲10～20度，这样的侧弯孩子发育比较好的，家长不要给孩子造成心理的压力，说侧弯造成什么麻烦。实际上这个侧弯如果不发展可能一辈子都不会带来心肺功能的障碍。但加重到30～40度了，可能就要通过一些方法进行干预，如果在25～40度之间一般通过支具以及保守治疗。&nbsp;</span></p><p><font face=\"Arial, 宋体\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px;\"><br/></span></font><strong><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">脊柱侧弯早发现早治疗对日后的治疗效果会有什么帮助？&nbsp;</span></strong></p><p><font face=\"Arial, 宋体\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px;\"><b><br/></b></span></font><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　大多数脊柱侧弯比如需要支具控制的时候还是能够得到控制的，在一定情况下也是可以避免手术的。</span></p>","barId":"1808","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":5},{"id":"7154","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":" 11至14岁青少年更易患脊柱侧弯","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\"></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">根据了解，</span>11岁到14岁的青少年更容易发生脊柱侧弯，女孩子更是占了80%。孩子患上脊柱侧弯对于以后身体的发育极其不利，要</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">如何预防患上脊柱侧弯呢</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">？</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1510114238285.jpg\" title=\" 11至14岁青少年更易患脊柱侧弯\" alt=\" 11至14岁青少年更易患脊柱侧弯\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\"></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">据了解，脊柱侧弯症是指脊骨有不正常的弯曲，其中发病原因不明的称为特发性脊柱侧弯，是儿童青少年中最常见的脊柱畸形，在</span>10到16岁年龄段的发病率高达2%~3%，女生占80%。患者通常姿势不正，双肩不等高，严重的可能导致心肺发育不良，缩短寿命。进行诊断时，医生会观察病人是否有肩部或盆骨高度不对称及躯干偏移；病人向前弯曲时，背部会否隆起或突出；从侧面看时，患者会否偶尔失去正常的曲线。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">据介绍，脊柱侧弯早期临床表现隐匿，往往不易被家长发现。而且，儿童青少年正处于发育的高峰期，脊柱侧弯伴随生长发育有逐年加重的风险。因此，早发现，早治疗，十分重要。早期发现脊柱侧弯的存在，患者在疾病的早期得到合适的治疗，可减少后期手术的概率。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">如何预防脊柱侧弯</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">1、婴儿不要坐得过早。有的妈妈不明就里，当宝贝只有3-4个月龄时，就给宝贝裹着被子让他坐起来，一坐就好几个小时。长时间地用同一姿势坐着，婴儿脊柱周围的肌肉不够强壮，容易疲劳，无法支撑身体，容易埋下脊柱弯曲的隐患。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">2、青少年坐的姿势要正确，写字、看书时要坐正，不要歪着趴在桌面上，同时应适当地变换体位与休息，以免造成脊柱侧弯。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">3、学习的桌、椅的高低要合适。特别是老师也要仔细观察宝贝使用的桌椅，必要时进行相应的调整。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">4、很多父母会把孩子送到特长班学习，比如舞蹈班、乒乓球班等，以为这能培养孩子的身体素质，让身材更加挺拔。殊不知，在这些特色班的教学过程中，如何针对中小学生身体尚未成熟的特点进行必要的防护，实在需要全面的考虑，比如说对于乒乓球运动，脊柱侧弯就是最常见的“职业病”。长期保持一种舞姿，也有可能造成脊柱侧弯。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span 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style=\"line-height:200%\">　<span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;;background:white\">&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">对照组患者给予常规护理干预，主要包括：</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">①</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">心理疏导。患者在接受手术治疗之前，均会产生一定的情绪波动，从而出现焦虑、恐惧等负性情绪，此时，护理人员给予患者有效的心理疏导，消除或者减轻患者的负性情绪，帮助患者树立战胜疾病的信心，为手术的顺利完成奠定坚实的基础。</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">②</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">饮食指导。向患者说明营养的重要性，指导患者进行健康饮食，并且养成良好的饮食习惯，多食用一些富含维生素、纤维、蛋白的食物。</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">③</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">病房护理。在患者手术之后，需要及时转移到病房予以观察。此时，需要保证病房清洁、温度与湿度适宜，为患者营造一个良好的治疗环境。</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;;background:white\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体;background:white\">　　观察组患者给予围手术期护理干预，包括术前护理、术中护理、术后护理，主要内容有：<span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">①</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">肺功能锻炼。患者胸廓畸形情况比较严重，肺功能较差，并且存在着不同程度的通气功能障碍。为此，在手术前</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">周，为患者制定一个肺功能锻炼计划，一般就是爬楼梯，每天</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">次，每次</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">20</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">分钟，同时予以综合呼吸锻炼。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">②</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">脊柱弹性被动与主动锻炼。因为患者的畸形情况比较严重，并且非常僵硬，需要制定脊柱弹性训练方案，帮助患者矫正身姿。在患者入院之后，展开枕颌吊带牵引，每天</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">次，每次</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">30</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">分钟，坚持</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">7-20</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">天。同时，指导患者进行脊柱伸屈练习，每天</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">次，每次</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">30</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">分钟。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">③</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">观察脊柱神经功能。在手术过程中，对患者脊髓诱发电位进行密切监测，并且展开唤醒试验，随时关注患者的中枢神经受损情况。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">④</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">呼吸护理。手术采用全麻方式，因为插管刺激，非常容易导致患者出现上呼吸道炎性水肿，在术后可以给予患者雾化吸入治疗，帮助患者呼吸，每天</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">2-4</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">次。同时，帮助患者无痛排痰，双手轻压患者两肋，指导患者深呼吸，在吸气</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif\">2/3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">的时候咳嗽。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 200%\">⑤</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height: 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