{"nowTime30":1777551120092,"lyBarModerator":null,"metaSearch":{"description":"我们每天都在呼吸，气管是我们赖以生存的必需品，但是如果随着年龄的增长，或者受到外界的影响，会出现各种疾病，哮喘就是其中一种，在支气管哮喘的疗程中，由于长期疾病的影响，急性发作时的病理生理紊乱，或者因为某些药物的使用不当等，可以产生急性、慢性和治疗性等多种并发症。些并发症一旦发生，常可使病情加重，或不","keywords":"孩子哮喘会引发什么疾病 专家向您解答_洞医","title":"孩子哮喘会引发什么疾病 专家向您解答_洞医","channels":null},"identificate":{"id":"5a3adeaa985911e8972100163e0462f1","isDel":0,"createAt":1533437016805,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","realName":"周鑫","certifiedStatus":2,"phone":"15525873223","email":"langlixunta@163.com","hospitalId":"14629","departmentId":"2035","illName":"","illId":"ac6f137def9411e7a3d800163e04584d","cardType":1,"cardImg":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1533437073284.jpg","idCardImg":"","identityType":2,"stop":0,"departmentName":"内分泌科","hospitalName":null},"fj":[],"canEdit":null,"adList":[],"lyBar":{"id":"1444","isDel":0,"createAt":1483430690670,"createBy":"system","createName":"system","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"name":"小儿哮喘","type":102,"twoCode":"http://zhao01.com/zly_img/zly_wx.jpg","image":null,"provinceId":null,"cityId":null,"illId":"666562e4bb5f11e6a61c00163e04584d","hospitalId":null,"keyWord":null,"totleTopic":0,"barDesc":null,"discussBarType":null,"metaSearch":"{\"channels\":{\"病友社区\":{\"description\":\"为病友提供:小儿哮喘论坛_儿童哮喘论坛，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"小儿哮喘论坛_儿童哮喘论坛\",\"title\":\"小儿哮喘论坛_儿童哮喘论坛\"},\"治疗\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:小儿哮喘的自然疗法_儿童哮喘的最佳治疗方法等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"小儿哮喘的自然疗法_儿童哮喘的最佳治疗方法\",\"title\":\"小儿哮喘的自然疗法_儿童哮喘的最佳治疗方法\"},\"症状\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:儿童哮喘的症状有哪些?_宝宝哮喘的症状有哪些等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"儿童哮喘的症状有哪些?_宝宝哮喘的症状有哪些\",\"title\":\"儿童哮喘的症状有哪些?_宝宝哮喘的症状有哪些\"},\"并发症\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:儿童哮喘并发症_儿童哮喘的危害及预防等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"儿童哮喘并发症_儿童哮喘的危害及预防\",\"title\":\"儿童哮喘并发症_儿童哮喘的危害及预防\"},\"饮食\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:哮喘儿童的饮食禁忌_哮喘儿童的不能吃什么等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"哮喘儿童的饮食禁忌_哮喘儿童的不能吃什么\",\"title\":\"哮喘儿童的饮食禁忌_哮喘儿童的不能吃什么\"},\"病因\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:小儿哮喘的原因是什么_小儿哮喘是怎么引起的等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"小儿哮喘的原因是什么_小儿哮喘是怎么引起的\",\"title\":\"小儿哮喘的原因是什么_小儿哮喘是怎么引起的\"},\"病友求助\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:儿童哮喘为什么以6岁为界_儿童哮喘能根治吗等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"儿童哮喘为什么以6岁为界_儿童哮喘能根治吗\",\"title\":\"儿童哮喘为什么以6岁为界_儿童哮喘能根治吗\"},\"预防\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:儿童哮喘的预防_如何预防儿童哮喘等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"儿童哮喘的预防_如何预防儿童哮喘\",\"title\":\"儿童哮喘的预防_如何预防儿童哮喘\"}},\"description\":\"为您提供:小儿哮喘症状、小儿哮喘如何确诊、小儿哮喘能根治吗、小儿哮喘怎么办、病友的治疗经验等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"小儿哮喘症状_小儿哮喘能根治吗_小儿哮喘怎么办_小儿哮喘如何确诊\",\"title\":\"小儿哮喘症状_小儿哮喘能根治吗_小儿哮喘怎么办_小儿哮喘如何确诊\"}","adInfo":null},"isLikeThisTopic":null,"lastTopics":[{"id":"3888","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"儿童哮喘怎样防范？","content":"<p><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体, simsun, sans-serif, Arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　</span></p><p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1486194326320.jpg\" title=\"1486194326320.jpg\" alt=\"201507261551451809_pre1.jpg\"/></p><p><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体, simsun, sans-serif, Arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"></span><br/></p><p><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体, simsun, sans-serif, Arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　 问：我家宝宝今年4岁。前几天降温，小家伙在幼儿园感冒了。起初我们没太在意，就在家吃了一些简单的感冒药，后来越来越严重。孩子总是咳嗽，还喘不上气来。去医院才知道是小儿哮喘。这种病严重吗？日常生活中该如何预防？</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体, simsun, sans-serif, Arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　答：太原市妇幼保健院儿保科主任医师张润梅</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体, simsun, sans-serif, Arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　近日，因初冬季节昼夜温差增大，省城各大医院儿科门诊收治的儿童哮喘病例不断攀升。因此，家长要特别注意，天气冷暖交替极易诱发儿童哮喘，过敏性体质或有哮喘家族史的儿童要千万注意预防感冒。</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体, simsun, sans-serif, Arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　不过，家长也不一定谈“感冒”就紧张，上呼吸道感染的反复发作不一定诱发哮喘，但是过敏性体质或者有哮喘家族史的孩子就要特别注意防范反复感冒，同时远离过敏原。一些儿童属过敏性体制，父母就要在平时多留心观察，出现异常流泪或流鼻涕等情况要多注意，就诊时告知医生，方便查找过敏源。螨虫是较常见的过敏原，被褥、毛绒玩具、地毯、枕头等家居物品易藏螨虫，要注意清洁和杀菌。</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体, simsun, sans-serif, Arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　而哮喘的关键在预防。深秋、初冬时节，气温、气压、气流等气象要素变化剧烈，昼夜温差悬殊，再加之小儿体质较弱，一旦不能适应这种剧烈变化的环境，就容易伤风感冒，从而引起哮喘发作。因此，患儿家长首先要根据气候的变化，及时给小儿增减衣服，夜间盖好被子，防止受凉感冒。</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体, simsun, sans-serif, Arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　其次，应该加强孩子的抵抗力，其主要的途径还是通过生活的调理，也就是饮食结构要做到营养均衡，不挑食，抵抗力自然会增强，从而减少感冒，达到预防呼吸道感染疾病的目的。另外，哮喘发作时不宜吃鱼、虾、蟹等海味食物，不易消化的食物也不宜吃，要多喝水，多吃维生素C丰富的食品。</span></p>","barId":"1444","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1036","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":4},{"id":"3602","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"哮喘儿童的家庭护理须知","content":"<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"font-size:11px;font-family:宋体;border:none windowtext 1px;padding:0\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1486194256502.jpeg\" title=\"1486194256502.jpeg\" alt=\"mp47909481_1449812707881_2_th.jpeg\"/></span></p><p><span style=\"font-size:11px;font-family:宋体;border:none windowtext 1px;padding:0\">支气管哮喘</span><span style=\"font-size:11px;font-family:宋体;color:#333333\">是儿童最常见的慢性呼吸道疾病，其累计患病数已居小儿非感染性疾病之首。与世界发达国家相比，我国儿童哮喘患病率相对较低，但有逐年上升趋势，尤其在城市，儿童哮喘的患病率较</span><span style=\"font-size:11px;font-family:&#39;microsoft yahei&#39;,&#39;serif&#39;;color:#333333\">10</span><span style=\"font-size:11px;font-family:宋体;color:#333333\">年前有明显增加。儿童哮喘的规范化管理和健康教育已成为治疗哮喘的重要程序。就哮喘患儿家长而言，可从以下几方面配合家庭护理：</span><span style=\"font-size:11px;font-family: &#39;microsoft yahei&#39;,&#39;serif&#39;;color:#333333\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size:11px;font-family:&#39;microsoft yahei&#39;,&#39;serif&#39;;color:#333333\"><br/> <br/> 1<span style=\"font-size: 11px;font-family: 宋体\">、环境的监护居室内温度</span><span style=\"font-size: 11px\">18</span><span style=\"font-size: 11px;font-family: 宋体\">℃</span><span style=\"font-size: 11px;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif\">—20</span><span style=\"font-size: 11px;font-family: 宋体\">℃</span><span style=\"font-size: 11px;font-family: 宋体\">为好，不潮湿，以减少室内尘螨的繁殖和霉菌</span><span style=\"font-size: 11px\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size: 11px;font-family:&#39;microsoft yahei&#39;,&#39;serif&#39;;color:#333333\"><br/> <br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:11px;font-family:宋体;color:#333333\">生长；清除卫生死角，消灭蟑螂变应原；勿在家中饲养宠物；尽量使用纯棉织品；勤洗床上用品；房间最好使用吸尘器，避免尘土飞扬，打扫卫生时患儿最好避开；室内不得吸烟和摆放花草。<span style=\"font-size: 11px;font-family: &#39;microsoft yahei&#39;, serif\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:11px;font-family:&#39;microsoft yahei&#39;,&#39;serif&#39;;color:#333333\"><br/> <br/> 2<span style=\"font-size: 11px;font-family: 宋体\">、饮食要得当避免食诱发哮喘的食物，如鱼、虾、蛋等；在哮喘发作期以清淡饮食为主，缓解期则需加强营养；避免进食冷饮；饮食不宜过饱、过甜、过咸；不食有刺激性的食物，如芥末、辣椒等；避免某些食物添加剂、食物防腐剂、味精及一些色素食物；避免某些饮料如葡萄酒、啤酒等。患儿要吃出健康，强调健康、均衡、多样六个字：健康指多吃天然食物及绿色食品；均衡指注意荤素搭配；多样指多吃不同品种食物，避免挑食和</span></span><span style=\"font-size:11px;font-family:宋体;border:none windowtext 1px;padding:0\">偏食</span><span style=\"font-size:11px;font-family:宋体;color:#333333\">。</span><span style=\"font-size:11px;font-family: &#39;microsoft yahei&#39;,&#39;serif&#39;;color:#333333\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size:11px;font-family:&#39;microsoft yahei&#39;,&#39;serif&#39;;color:#333333\"><br/> <br/> 3<span style=\"font-size: 11px;font-family: 宋体\">、仔细观察哮喘发作的先兆</span></span><span style=\"font-size: 11px;font-family:&#39;microsoft yahei&#39;,&#39;serif&#39;;color:#333333\"><br/> <br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:11px;font-family:宋体;color:#333333\">①<span style=\"font-size: 11px\">粘膜过敏现象如：鼻、眼睑痒、打喷嚏、流鼻涕、干咳等。</span></span><span style=\"font-size:11px;font-family:&#39;microsoft yahei&#39;,&#39;serif&#39;;color:#333333\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:11px;font-family:宋体;color:#333333\">②<span style=\"font-size: 11px\">胸部有紧缩感、胸闷。</span></span><span style=\"font-size:11px;font-family:&#39;microsoft yahei&#39;,&#39;serif&#39;;color:#333333\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:11px;font-family:宋体;color:#333333\">③<span style=\"font-size: 11px\">咽喉发痒。</span></span><span style=\"font-size:11px;font-family:&#39;microsoft yahei&#39;,&#39;serif&#39;;color:#333333\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:11px;font-family:宋体;color:#333333\">④<span style=\"font-size: 11px\">呼吸加快。</span></span><span style=\"font-size:11px;font-family:&#39;microsoft yahei&#39;,&#39;serif&#39;;color:#333333\"><br/> <br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:11px;font-family:宋体;color:#333333\">一旦发现此类症状，立即按哮喘治疗原则用药，对迅速控制哮喘发作很重要。<span style=\"font-size: 11px;font-family: &#39;microsoft yahei&#39;, serif\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:11px;font-family:&#39;microsoft yahei&#39;,&#39;serif&#39;;color:#333333\"><br/> <br/> 4<span style=\"font-size: 11px;font-family: 宋体\">、哮喘发作时的护理让患儿坐位或半卧位，有利于呼吸，及时按医生嘱托给药，并观察药物疗效及副作用；家长陪伴在身边，安慰患儿，鼓励多饮水及咳出痰液，尤其是婴幼儿要防止痰液堵塞气管，否则危及生命；病情严重时及时送医院就诊。</span><span style=\"font-size: 11px\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:11px;font-family:&#39;microsoft yahei&#39;,&#39;serif&#39;;color:#333333\"><br/> <br/> 5<span style=\"font-size: 11px;font-family: 宋体\">、正确掌握气雾剂的使用方法根据就诊时医护人员的演示、指导熟练使用</span><span style=\"font-size: 11px\">β2</span><span style=\"font-size: 11px;font-family: 宋体\">受体激动剂、糖皮质激素等吸入气雾剂，并督促患儿在使用后及时漱口，避免喷药后引起干咳和预防口腔霉菌感染。</span><span style=\"font-size: 11px\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:11px;font-family:&#39;microsoft yahei&#39;,&#39;serif&#39;;color:#333333\"><br/> <br/> 6<span style=\"font-size: 11px;font-family: 宋体\">、心理护理在孩子发病时，家长不要惊惶失措，以免造成孩子精神紧张，让孩子知道</span><span style=\"font-size: 11px\">“</span><span style=\"font-size: 11px;font-family: 宋体\">哮喘缓解后就没事了</span><span style=\"font-size: 11px\">”</span><span style=\"font-size: 11px;font-family: 宋体\">，让其有安全感；家长平时不要因拖累而责骂孩子，而应鼓励患儿在控制症状中起主角作用，时刻保持心情愉快。</span><span style=\"font-size: 11px\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-size:11px;font-family:&#39;microsoft yahei&#39;,&#39;serif&#39;;color:#333333\"><br/> <br/> 7<span style=\"font-size: 11px;font-family: 宋体\">、哮喘预防平时鼓励孩子进行必要的体格锻炼，多晒太阳，多进行户外活动，尽量避免到人多的公共场所；根据天气变化随时增减衣服；开花季节尽量减少不必要的外出活动，可预防哮喘发作。当必须外出时，提前使用短效支气管扩张剂，以避免哮喘急性发作。</span></span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1444","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":4},{"id":"12040","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"专家为您解答小儿哮喘常见的并发症有哪些","content":"<p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">小儿哮喘的并发症有很多，包括肺气肿、闭锁综合征、气胸和纵隔气肿等多种。因为现在的环境污染或者其他的原因导致越来越多的宝宝患上了小儿哮喘的疾病，许多小儿哮喘患者的家长因为不了解其并发症，因而耽误的小儿哮喘患者的病情。如果不及时治疗就会引发小儿哮喘常见的并发症，</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">接下来就我们一起了解下</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\">小儿哮喘常见的并发症</span></strong><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\">有哪些</span></strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">？</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1517394280576.jpg\" title=\"专家为您解答小儿哮喘常见的并发症有哪些\" alt=\"专家为您解答小儿哮喘常见的并发症有哪些\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">并发症一：严重的小儿哮喘持续状态，本身可以由于缺氧的影响，造成心律紊乱和休克</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">。</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">然而，临床上因治疗不当而发生这两种并发症的机会就更多见。</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">都是小儿哮喘常见的并发症之一呢。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">并发症二：生长发育迟缓。一般的哮喘对儿童的生长发育影响不是太大，可是如果哮喘终年发作或长期应用肾上腺皮质激素，就有可能因为缺氧或者皮质激素的抑制蛋白合成等</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">。就会给孩子的成长带来影响。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">并发症三：胸廓畸形和肋骨骨折。小儿哮喘病变中胸廓畸形相当常见，主要见于</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">从小</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">得哮喘的病人</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">有或者是长期发病的患者</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">。肋骨骨折主要发生在剧烈发作时的咳嗽或喘息时，由于横隔的猛烈收缩而气道又有阻塞以致造成肋骨的折断。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">通过以上详细说明的几点，相信您对</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">小儿哮喘常见的并发症有哪些，</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">都有所了解，</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">那么如果你还想了解别的请您继续关注我们网站。网站每天都有新的内容供大家参考。祝您身体健康</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:Calibri;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1444","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1034","readLevel":0,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":5},{"id":"3534","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"小儿哮喘难治吗？治疗时间要多长？要住院吗？","content":"<p>去年四月，我在英国的孙女早上老是揉她的眼和鼻子，后来早起和晚上就大咳嗽，今天看医生说她得了小儿哮喘病。我想问这病如何治？难治吗？治疗时间要多长？要住院吗？</p>","barId":"1444","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1033","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":4},{"id":"2900","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"小儿哮喘能治吗？","content":"<p>&nbsp; &nbsp;外甥女八岁多了，病情不详。在家乡诊断为小儿哮喘。家乡医生说此病不能治。现请问儿童医院能否治疗此病，如果能的话，打算带孩子去治疗。 &nbsp; &nbsp;</p>","barId":"1444","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":4},{"id":"3386","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"小儿哮喘的早期症状和感冒很像，家长朋友们千万别上当了！","content":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img title=\"1486198268964.jpg\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1486198268964.jpg\" alt=\"20160106163038220.jpg\" /></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">　对于小儿哮喘疾病很多家长都比较粗心，不能及时发现孩子患上哮喘还以为孩子只是普通感冒，没有过多关注也没能及时给孩子治疗，因此给孩子带来一些伤害，其实，小儿哮喘在患病时是有一些症状表现的，只是家长忽视了，接下来就由哮喘病医院的专家给大家详细介绍一下哮喘的症状。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">　　</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">、有一种比较不典型的一种小儿哮喘主要就是表现为干咳或者是胸闷为主，我们也听不到哮鸣声，而且它的发病率也没有积极性总是反复性的发作特别是在灰尘比较大的情况下。可以服用些药物有比较显著的效果。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">　　</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">、小儿哮喘的症状我们主要有一些咳嗽或者是咳痰喘息还有就是呼吸困难，这些主要原因就是因为我们身体里的气到他的内壁发生肿胀，或者是分泌物增多，使我们的支持管它有不同程度的缩小。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">　　</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">3</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">、临床上面有一些非典型的一些表现，比如说咳嗽变异型哮喘，没有原因的咳嗽两个月以上特别是在晚上就非常容易发作，或者是因为一些冷空气，或者是运动过后就可能会加重。需要用一些皮质激素来进行治疗。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">　　温馨提示：日常生活中，多了解一些关于哮喘的小常识可以帮助孩子有效的控制病情，同时还要让患儿养成健康的生活习惯，平时多补充营养</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">适当锻炼，增强身体抵抗力，注意保持环境的干净卫生，这样才能远离疾病侵害，让孩子快乐健康成长。</span></p>","barId":"1444","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":4},{"id":"2776","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"儿童哮喘雾化吸入治疗","content":"<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">（一）什么是吸入疗法？</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">吸入疗法是目前哮喘治疗首选的给药方法。采用吸入疗法时，药物以气溶胶的形式输出，随呼吸气流进入体内。由于气溶胶具有巨大的接触面，有利于药物与气道表面黏膜上皮细胞接触而发挥药效。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">（二）雾化吸入疗法的给药技术介绍</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">射流雾化：以压缩泵或氧气驱动的雾化器是目前临床最常用的雾化吸入器具，其原理是高速运</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">动的压缩气体通过狭小开口后突然减压，在局部产生负压将药液吸出并形成药雾微粒，其中大药雾微粒通过挡板回落至贮药池，小药雾微粒则随气流输</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">出。药雾微粒的大小与气流的压力和流速有关，增加气流速度可使雾化输出量增加，减小药雾微粒，缩短雾化时间，并使患儿的依从性更好。在应用射流雾化吸入器时，药池的液量要充足，一般用量为</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">3</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">～</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">4ml</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">，可在</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">5</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">～</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">10min</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">内输出全部药液。目前是临床上使用最普遍的，常用的进口品牌如德国百瑞、日本欧姆龙等。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">滤网式雾化：通过振动等方式使药液透过网孔进行雾化。与射流雾化相比，滤网式雾化输出的可吸入微颗粒的比例略低，价格较高，但是装置体积小、重量轻、便于携带，且使用时噪音小，还可以倾斜使用。目前滤网式雾化器的种类有限，如欧姆龙网式雾化器。但是，滤网耐久性能较低是它的最大缺点。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">超声雾化：通过压电晶片产生的</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">～</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">2MHz </span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">的高频超声，从而在储药池的顶层液面形成雾粒，但对于混悬液而言，药雾微粒并不能完全到达能形成雾粒的液面顶层；同时，超声雾化的气雾水粒密度大，有效颗粒少，并可增加气道阻力；超声雾化器的高频还可以转化成热能，可能影响糖皮质激素类药物的活性。因此使用超声雾化器时，药雾微粒输出效能较低，大部分药物最终留存在残留液中，不适用于哮喘等喘息性疾病的治疗。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">由于不同雾化器输出微颗粒的效能差异较大，并可以直接影响到治疗效果，建议避免选用不能提供确切空气动力学数据及有关临床疗效证据的雾化器。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">（三）雾化吸入的给药特点</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">雾化吸入局部给药治疗指数高、安全性好。</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">吸入药物可以直接作用于气道黏膜，局部作用强，且局部药物浓度愈高、疗效亦愈好。雾化吸入是最不需要患儿刻意配合的吸入疗法，适用于任何年龄的儿童。同时，一般雾化吸入治疗的药量仅为全身用药量的几十分之一，由此可避免或减少全身给药（如糖皮质激素）可能产生的潜在的不良反应。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">（四）雾化治疗相比较于药物治疗的优点有哪些？</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">局部给药，直达病灶，作用直接，全身副作用少。相比于口服药，雾化吸入激素是起效快，安全有效；用药量小，不及其他用药方式的几十分之一。对于一些病毒感染引起的喘息，雾化吸入治疗可明显减轻症状，缩短病程。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">（五）雾化颗粒大小对于治疗效果的影响？</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">国际上认证的雾化颗粒值达到</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">～</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">5</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">&mu;</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">m</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">就能确保药物能够直达下呼吸道和肺泡。其中，直径</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">～</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">5</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">&mu;</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">m</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">的药雾微粒最为适宜，</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&gt;5</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">&mu;</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">m</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">的微粒绝大多数被截留在口咽部，最终经吞咽进入体内；而</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&lt;0.5</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">&mu;</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">m</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">的微粒虽能达到下呼吸道，但在潮气呼吸时，</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">90</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">％药雾微粒又可随呼气而排出体外，影响治疗效果。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&lt; span=\"\"&gt;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">（六）如何选择雾化机？</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">雾化颗粒值在</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">～</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">5</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">&mu;</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">m</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">之间能达到下呼吸道和肺泡，药物雾化颗粒数值大小会直接影响到雾化治疗的效果。雾化时间约在</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">10</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">分钟左右。质量好的雾化机噪音在</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">65</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">分贝以内，正规生产制造商均有明确标示。噪音大的雾化机，机器易发烫，机身过热会造成雾化出的压缩气体有异味。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">（七）雾化吸入时应注意的问题？</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">在家雾化过程中，一旦患儿咳嗽，喘息，气促等症状加重，建议立即停止雾化吸入治疗，及时到医院复诊。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">雾化前应置患儿于坐立，半坐立或侧卧，尽量避免仰卧吸入。幼儿的胸腔相对较小，仰卧吸入，患儿易出现烦躁、气促等缺氧症状。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">雾化药物可常温放置，不用放在冰箱内冷藏。因为如果吸入雾化液温度低于人体温度，可能会导致咳嗽或气急加重。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">雾化前不要涂抹油性面霜。雾化后立即清洗脸部、漱口，以减少经皮肤吸收的药量，并防止药物残留于口腔造成口腔溃疡或念珠菌感染。如果年纪太小不会漱口，可以多喝些清水或者用湿润的棉签清洁口腔。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">雾化环境应安静，年纪较小的患儿可以睡着后竖直抱起做雾化或在哭闹减轻时再做。因为儿童哭吵时吸气短促，药雾微粒主要以惯性运动方式留存在口咽部，而且烦躁不安也使面罩不易固定，会影响病情的治疗和控制，因此最好在安静状态下进行雾化吸入。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">（八）雾化吸入常用的药物有哪些？</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">糖皮质激素：即普米克令舒（又叫布地奈德混悬液），每支的规格为</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">1mg/2ml</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">2.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">&beta;</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">受体激动剂（即支气管扩张剂）：</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">①博利康尼（硫酸特布他林雾化液），每支的规格为</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">5mg/2ml</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">②万托林雾化溶液（硫酸沙丁胺醇溶液），每瓶的规格为</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">100mg/20ml</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">3.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">抗胆碱能药物：</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">①爱全乐（异丙托溴铵溶液）每支的规格为</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">0.5mg/2ml</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">②可比特（异丙托溴铵</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">+</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">硫酸沙丁胺醇溶液），是唯一一种雾化用的复方制剂，每支的规格为</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">0.5mg/3.0mg/2.5ml</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">（九）雾化吸入疗法在儿童常用于治疗哪些疾病？</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">根据</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">2014</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">年修订版《糖皮质激素雾化吸入疗法在儿科应用的专家共识》，明确指出吸入疗法在儿童呼吸系统疾病中，可用于以下疾病的治疗：</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">1.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">支气管哮喘：</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">①急性发作期的快速缓解治疗；</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">②非急性发作期的长期控制治疗；</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">③支气管哮喘急性发作先兆期的预先干预治疗。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">2.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">咳嗽变异性哮喘</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">3.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">感染后咳嗽</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">4.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">婴幼儿喘息</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">5.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">肺炎支原体肺炎</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">6.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">急性喉气管支气管炎</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">7.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">支气管肺发育不良</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">（十）家庭雾化吸入糖皮质激素（简写</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">ICS</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">）时的注意事项</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">需要长期雾化吸入</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">ICS</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">治疗的患儿均可考虑家庭雾化治疗。在家庭雾化吸入</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">ICS</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">治疗过程中必须加强对患儿及其家长的教育，使之对长期雾化吸入治疗有一个正确、全面的认识，提高依从性，从而提高疗效和安全性。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">1.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">建议相对固定主诊医生，既了解患儿病情，也便于及时调整治疗方案。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">2.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">需要由专科医生制定完整、个体化的家庭雾化治疗计划，并定期复诊。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">3.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">专科医生可以帮助家长选择合适的雾化吸入装置，指导家长具体操作，告知雾化吸入的注意事项等。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">4.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">对于已能熟练掌握雾化吸入治疗的家长，专科医生可以进一步指导在患儿病情加重时的药物加量以及增加吸入次数等。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; line-height: 21px; background-color: #ffffff;\">&nbsp;</p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">5.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">对于哮喘持续未能控制的患儿以及需要雾化治疗的其他中重度呼吸系统疾病的患儿，必须要在专科医师的指导下合理调整治疗方案，不推荐在家中随意自行增加剂量。</span></p>","barId":"1444","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":4},{"id":"9258","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"支气管哮喘会不会遗传给下一代呢","content":"<p style=\"margin: 4px 0px; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1513223086546.jpg\" title=\"支气管哮喘会不会遗传给下一代呢\" alt=\"支气管哮喘会不会遗传给下一代呢\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">医生在治疗支气管哮喘的时候遇到最多的问题就是支气管哮喘会不会遗传。带着这个问题一起去看看吧！</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">很多门诊和病房的支气管哮喘病人问两个问题：一个问题是我父母都没有支气管哮喘，我怎么就得了支气管哮喘呢？还有一个问题是我的支气管哮喘会遗传给我的孩子吗？实际上这就是一个问题：支气管哮喘是否遗传。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">支气管哮喘是过敏性疾病的一种，一般来说，过敏性疾病具有某种遗传倾向。许多国内外研究资料证实：哮喘具有遗传性，患儿家族及个人过敏史，哮喘、婴儿湿疹、荨麻疹、过敏性鼻炎等患病率较一般的群体为高。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">近年来，有人认为过敏原的致敏能力是可以遗传的，外源性哮喘病的细胞染色体上存在遗传基因，即外源性哮喘属于多基因遗传，其遗传度为</span>56%～76%；内源性哮喘为常染色体隐性遗传。一般说：哮喘的发病年龄越小，其特应性家族史越明显。据调查，双亲都有特应性体质者，其子女发病率较高，约75%可发生特应性体质；一方有病者，子女发病率约为50%。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">支气管哮喘和其他过敏性疾病具有一定的遗传倾向，但它决不是许多人所认为的</span>“先天性”的疾病，在哮喘病人致病因素中，后天的即非遗传的因素所占比例更大。因此，患者和医护人员都要树立信心，在起病之初，不论病情轻重都要积极治疗，发病时及时适当地用药，缓解期积极采取相应预防措施；并且随着青春期的到来，80%的哮喘患儿的病情，是可以减轻、控制甚至痊愈的。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1444","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":4}],"pageObj":{"list":[],"list4Map":null,"pageBegin":0,"pageSize":5,"pageNumber":0,"totalPage":0,"totalRow":0},"loginUser":null,"replies":[],"forumUserFans":null,"herfList":[],"only":"0","topic":{"id":"11135","isDel":0,"createAt":1516082294034,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":1517926257990,"updateBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"良药苦口","userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"孩子哮喘会引发什么疾病 专家向您解答","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: left; line-height: 200%;\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">我们每天都在呼吸，气管是我们赖以生存的必需品，但是如果随着年龄的增长，或者受到外界的影响，会出现各种疾病，</span></span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">哮喘</span></span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">就是其中一种，在</span></span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">支气管哮喘</span></span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">的疗程中，由于长期疾病的影响，急性发作时的病理生理紊乱，或者因为某些药物的使用不当等，可以产生急性、慢性和治疗性等多种并发症。些并发症一旦发生，常可使病情加重，或不易控制，有的并发症还直接能造成生命危险，兹列举一些并发症如下：</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: left; line-height: 200%;\"><br/></p><p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1516083102531.jpg\" title=\"孩子哮喘会引发什么疾病 专家向您解答\" alt=\"孩子哮喘会引发什么疾病 专家向您解答\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">1、肺气肿和肺心病</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">如果患者哮喘发作，会出现胸部隆起，双肩高耸动作，有一些活动就有明显气短，胸透检查的时候，可以看见透光度增加，患者从感觉上，会以为自己得了肺气肿，而实际上并非如此。这是因为哮喘发作时呼吸困难，以至肺内许多气呼不出来，形成了与肺气肿相似的临床表现，可是一旦发作缓解，这些表现都是可以消失的。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">和肺气肿一样，是否继发心脏病也是患者关心的问题。实际上，即使哮喘晚期，继发肺源性心脏病者也并不多见，尤其儿科患者是如此。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">2、呼吸骤停和呼吸衰竭</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">呼吸骤停症状指的是病人突然发生的呼吸停止。一般会发生在病人已连续发病几天后的用膳及咳嗽时，也可以在轻微活动后，发生这一严重并发症前，通常病情并不太重，也没有什么预兆。因而病人大半都在家中，家属的及时救治非常重要。如果呼吸停止后</span>2～3分钟后未恢复过来，也没有进行及时的人工呼吸等救治，则常会在送医院前继发心跳骤停而死亡。呼吸骤停的原因尚不清楚，可能与发病时的神经反射失常有关。这种并发症发生的机会虽然甚少，但发生过一次骤停的人常有第二次发生的可能，应当特别警惕!</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">呼吸衰竭的发生比呼吸骤停慢得多，多为哮喘持续状态发展到后期所并发，表现为神志的改变与明显的紫绀，应当送往医院救治。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">3、气胸和纵隔气肿</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">呼吸时，由于胸壁的运动，好象风箱一样，使气体能够进出肺脏。在哮喘发作时，由于小气管的阻塞，咳嗽时肺泡内压力可以更高，此时某些较薄弱的肺泡就有破裂可能，破裂的肺泡可以连接在一起形成肺大泡，也可能气体顺着肺间质跑到纵隔形成纵隔气肿。较常见的情况是气体跑到肺外的胸膜腔，造成气胸。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">4、心律紊乱和休克</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">严重的哮喘持续状态，本身可以由于缺氧的影响，造成心律紊乱和休克，然而，临床上因治疗不当而发生这两种并发症的机会就更多见。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">5、闭锁综合征</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">所谓哮喘的</span>“闭锁综合征”指的是近十年来临床上发现的哮喘发作，病变发作程度虽然不一定剧烈，但终日持续，对各种药物都没有什么明显效果，就好像呼吸道被“关闭”或“锁”起来了一样。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">产生闭锁综合征的主要原因是异丙基肾上腺素的使用过量，或在治疗中因心跳过快而不适当地使用了心得安。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">6、胸廓畸形和肋骨骨折</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">哮喘病变中胸廓畸形相当常见，主要见于自幼得哮喘的病人或长期发病者。肋骨骨折主要发生在剧烈发作时的咳嗽或喘息时，由于横隔的猛烈收缩而气道又有阻塞以致造成肋骨的折断。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">7、生长发育迟缓</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">一般的哮喘对儿童的生长发育影响不大，可是哮喘终年发作或长期应用肾上腺皮质激素，就有可能因为缺氧或皮质激素的抑制蛋白合成等作用而对儿童的生长发育带来较大影响。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:28px\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(46, 46, 46);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p 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