{"nowTime30":1779792318659,"lyBarModerator":null,"metaSearch":{"description":"1月18日，77岁的“球王”贝利在巴西家中失去意识后，被送往当地医院。原计划本周末前往伦敦参加的活动被迫取消。 曾随巴西国家足球队夺得三次世界冠军的“球王”贝利本应在本周末飞往伦敦参加英国足球记者协会组织的一项颁奖典礼，于周日（21日）与FWA会员见面，但因其健康状况恶化而取消行程。在英格兰足球记者","keywords":"77岁球王贝利在家中昏倒 目前已无大碍_洞医","title":"77岁球王贝利在家中昏倒 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style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1511319180750.jpg\" title=\"如何在早期进行预防慢性肾病\" alt=\"如何在早期进行预防慢性肾病\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体;font-size:16px\">1、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">科学进行饮食，注意饮食的结构，要有足够的营养，饮食尽量清淡，不好辛辣等刺激性食物，减少对盐的摄入，但每天都要有盐的摄入。平时按时按量近进食，不暴饮暴食，以防增加肾脏的负担。戒烟，少喝酒。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、每天早上起床先空腹喝一杯水，促进肠胃蠕动，利于排便。每天保证8杯水进肚，喝水的时候要注意把水煮滚再喝，不喝生水，以防带来肾结石。平常养成不憋尿的好习惯，因为尿在膀胱内的时间过长，容易滋生菌落，以免菌落感染肾脏。而且憋尿容易导致肾结石的出现。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3、每天有计划地进行体育活动，加强锻炼，提高自身的免疫力，避免感冒和生病时乱用抗生素，特别是发生呼吸道疾病的炎症时，要赶紧去医院看病治疗，以免链球菌感染肾脏引起肾脏疾病。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4、定期进行健康检查。至少一年一次到正规的医院进行血常规、尿常规、肾功能等常规性的检查，以便确认自己身体健康，也以防发现无临床表现的肾病患者。自己平时要注意身体肾脏是否出现不适，若有不适，请马上到医院做个检查，生命比金钱要重要，这点钱是不该省的。对于有家族病史的人群，或者有糖尿病、肥胖症、高血压的人群，应该三个月左右检查一次身体，因为此类疾病引发慢性肾病发生的时间是不确切的，具有不稳定性，因此我们应该防患于未然。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1732","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1036","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2},{"id":"11023","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"专家给您介绍肾炎患者的饮食护理","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">慢性肾炎是日很常见的肾脏病，给病患带来很多的伤害，因此我们除了积极的配合医生的治疗之外，还应该注意病患的饮食，合理的科学的饮食对疾病的治疗及康复有一定的作用。那么<strong>肾炎患者的食物</strong>有哪些，下面就来了解一下。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1515833511155.png\" title=\"专家给您介绍肾炎患者的饮食护理\" alt=\"专家给您介绍肾炎患者的饮食护理\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">根据病因可分成原发性和继发性两种大类。原发性肾病综合征是原发性肾小球疾病最常见的临床表现。而继发性肾病综合征的原因较多，多的有糖尿病肾病、系统性红斑狼疮性肾炎、感染及药物等引起的肾病综合征。原发性肾病综合征的病理类型也比较多，有微小病变性肾病、病灶阶段性肾病、膜性肾病等。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">蛋白质的供应量，一般应按正常需要量供给，成人每日每公斤体重</span> 0.8~1.0克。并选用生理价值高的蛋白质，如蛋类、肉类、乳类等，以补偿排泄损失，避免和治疗浮肿及贫血。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">肾病综合征患者常伴有胃肠道粘膜水肿及腹水，影响消化吸收。宜进易消化、清淡、半流质饮食。肾病时尿蛋白大量流失，体内处于蛋白质营养不良状态。高蛋白饮食，缓解低蛋白血症及随之引起的一系列并发症。肾病综合征患者几乎都有高脂血症，限制动物脂肪摄入，饮食中供给多种的不饱和脂肪酸及植物油，高度水肿者限制钠盐摄入，每天摄入食盐量小于</span>3克，应适当补充微量元素。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">以上就是关于肾炎患者的饮食护理的解答。肾病综合征患者在水肿期，高血压，要无盐饮食，待水肿消退和血压稳定后，可改为低盐饮食。因为钠盐不利于排尿。有糖尿病的应该按糖尿病的要求控制饮食外不宜食动物脂肪。应采用食用百分之百纯天然植物油。日常生活中要多饮水，要保持足够的尿量，应禁食扁豆、菠菜、茶、咖啡、动物内脏等。肾功能不全除原则上要低蛋白饮食外，应多食淀粉类，以保证足够的热量，要根据水肿的状况确定水、盐的摄入，不易吃辛辣的食物，不宜酒烟和过度劳累。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1732","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2},{"id":"13951","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"肾病严重吗","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0; text-indent: 28px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; line-height: 200%; letter-spacing: 0; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">最近查出来有慢性肾炎，今年</span>22岁，蛋白尿一个加号，隐血三个加号，无水肿无高血压尿量也正常。前天做了肾穿刺正在等结果，做了B超查了肾肝胆膀胱子宫附件都没有问题。但是看网上说慢性肾炎好厉害，会发展成尿毒症。想问问这个情况的肾病严重吗？</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1732","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1033","readLevel":0,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":6},{"id":"12963","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"只因改变一个坏习惯 阴错阳差的辅助治好肾病","content":"<p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">本文中讲的是一个</span>24岁的患者，以前是在北京做工程师，当然，在他查出肾病前，他和多数年轻人一样，工作加班加点、熬夜都是很普通的现象，但是唯一令他没有想到的是，自己的种种“忙”，让他的健康早早亮起红灯。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 0px; text-indent: 32px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1520839588461.jpg\" title=\"只因改变一个坏习惯 阴错阳差的辅助治好肾病\" alt=\"只因改变一个坏习惯 阴错阳差的辅助治好肾病\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">随着他在经常性的加班熬夜之后，突然的出现连续三天的高烧，身体也随之出现间歇性的水肿，刚开始他以为是劳累、发烧所致，并未放在心上，可后来水肿愈加严重，这才赶紧去医院检查。没想到，检查结果让他大吃一惊，尿蛋白</span>3+++，血压158/100 mmHg，查出肾脏有问题的他，为进一步确诊，在医生的建议下做了肾穿刺，最终确诊为“肾病综合征、膜性肾病III期”。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">医生告诉他病情后，他自己也后悔不已，</span>“后悔也没有用，抓紧治疗才是最应该做的。”他开始提醒自己，像大多数肾病患者一样，他也开始了激素治疗之路，按疗程吃药，定期复查，可病情总是时好时坏，身体也每况愈下。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">当时我见到他的时候，病情异常的严峻，</span>24小时尿蛋白定量&gt;4g，全身水肿严重，体重也足足长了20斤，之后的了解中，对他病情进行了详尽的分析，为他制定了针对性的治疗方案，激素治疗（规范激素用量）同时给予制定饮食+休息和调养标准和要求。在住院1-2周后，水肿得到明显缓解，体重也下降了，在经过两、三个月的巩固治疗，检查指标都明显好转并趋于稳定。出院时身体状态已完全恢复到正常人水平。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">在出院以后的一段时间里，有一天，患者本人写了一段话发过来给我</span>“在家这半年我很用心啦，到点睡到点起，一天睡足８个钟头，早晨起床也觉得精神，到公园走走，那里空气蛮新鲜的，以前从没这么仔细享受过，有朋友好晚了叫我出去，都统统推掉啦，现在我身体蛮好了，感冒没犯过，气色也好多了。你们（医生）能让肾脏好起来，但我自己身体不够好，抵抗力不强，这病早晚还得犯，以前夜生活对身体就很不好，之前好些时候加班好晚的，聚会也蛮多的，喝酒唱K这样子的胡吃海喝的夜生活也不少，不是推辞不了就是舍不得推掉，一年下来身体都是“超负荷”，别说有肾病，就是好好的人也坚持不住。”</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">其实，在肾病治疗中，诊疗药物只会起到一部分作用和意义，真正让病情不在复发和加重的，还是你生活的质量和日常的保养。药物治疗主要针对的是肾病中</span>“病”，所谓调养就是改变自己一些“恶习”上述患者改变不规律的生活方式就是重点之一，注重“休息”保证充足的睡眠，放弃诱人的夜生活，脱离高压的生活。让身体放松体质恢复免疫力提高，给予肾病治疗康复有一个好的“环境”才会取得长期康复。</span></p>","barId":"1732","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":7},{"id":"7608","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"专家向您解答 肾病综合征症状诊断","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1510727725750.jpg\" title=\"专家向您解答 肾病综合征症状诊断\" alt=\"专家向您解答 肾病综合征症状诊断\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">&nbsp; 一、症状：</span><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">&nbsp; 肾病综合征有</span>4个主要特征，即大量蛋白尿、低蛋白血症、高胆固醇血症、和全身显著水肿。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp; 1.大量蛋白尿</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">&nbsp; 大量蛋白尿是肾病综合征的标志。主要成分是白蛋白，也含有其他血浆蛋白成分。肾小球基底膜通透性变化是蛋白尿产生的基本原因，电荷屏障和机械屏障</span>(肾小球毛细血管孔径屏障)的变化，肾小管上皮细胞的重吸收和分解代谢能力对蛋白尿的形成也有影响。肾小球滤过率、血浆蛋白浓度和蛋白摄入量等直接影响蛋白尿的程度。肾小球滤过率降低时，蛋白尿会减少;严重低蛋白血症时，尿蛋白排出量可增加，高蛋白饮食会使尿蛋白排出增加;因此，仅以每天蛋白定量的方法，不能准确判断尿蛋白的程度，可进一步做白蛋白清除率、尿蛋白/肌酐(&gt;3.5常为肾病范围蛋白尿)。尿蛋白电泳检出尿中IgG成分增多提示尿蛋白选择性低。尿蛋白选择性无肯定的临床价值，现已少用。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2.低蛋白血症</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">是肾病综合征必备的第二特征。血清白蛋白低于</span>30g/L。肾病综合征时肝脏对白蛋白的合成增加，当饮食中给予足够的蛋白质及热卡时，患者的肝脏每天合成白蛋白约22.6g，比正常人每天15.6g显著增多。当肝脏合成白蛋白的代偿作用不足以弥补尿蛋白的丢失量时，才会出现低蛋白血症。低蛋白血症和尿蛋白排出量之间是不全一致的。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">肾病综合征患者通常呈负氮平衡，在高蛋白负荷时，可转为正氮平衡，高蛋白负荷可能因肾小球滤过蛋白增加而使尿蛋白排出增多，故血浆蛋白升高不明显，但同时服用血紧张素转换酶抑制药，可阻抑尿蛋白的排泄，血白蛋白浓度可明显上升。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">值得注意的是，低蛋白血症时，药物与白蛋白的结合会有所减少，血中游离药物浓度升高，可能会增加药物的毒性反应。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">肾病综合征时多种血浆蛋白成分可发生变化，</span>α2及β球蛋白增加，α1球蛋白多正常。IgG水平明显下降，而IgA、IgM、IgE水平多正常或升高，纤维蛋白原、凝血因子Ⅴ、Ⅶ、Ⅷ、Ⅹ可升高，可能与肝脏合成升高有关，伴血小板数目增加，抗凝血酶Ⅲ(肝素有关因子)降低，C蛋白和S蛋白浓度多正常或增高，但活性下降。这均会有助于发生高凝状态。尿中纤维蛋白降解产物(FDP)的增加，反映了肾小球通透性的变化。总之，血中凝聚及凝集的各种前因子均增加，而抗凝聚及纤溶作用的机制受损。由于高胆固醇血症和高纤维蛋白原血症的联合影响，血浆黏滞度增加，当血管内皮受损时，易产生自发性血栓形成。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">另外，转运蛋白也减少，如携带重要金属离子</span>(铜、铁、锌)的蛋白下降，与重要激素(甲状腺素、皮质素、前列腺素)及有活性的25-(OH)D3结合的蛋白也下降，后者可导致继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进，钙磷代谢紊乱，引发肾性骨病。持续的转铁蛋白减少，使糖皮质激素在受治病人体内游离和结合的激素比率改变，导致该药代谢和疗效发生改变。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3.高脂血症</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">本病总胆固醇、三酰甘油明显增加，低密度脂蛋白</span>(LDH)、极低密度脂蛋白(VLDH)水平升高。高脂血症与低白蛋白血症有关，LDL/HLDL仅于血清白蛋白低于10～20g/L时才升高。高密度脂蛋白(HDL)正常或下降。LDL/HDL比率升高，使发生动脉硬化性合并症的危险增大，高脂血症与血栓形成及进行性肾小球硬化有关。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">患者可呈脂质尿，尿中出现双折光的脂肪体，可能为内含胆固醇的上皮细胞或脂肪体管型。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4.水肿</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">患者最引人注意的症状是逐渐加重的全身水肿，初始晨起眼睑、面部、踝部可见水肿</span>;随着病情发展水肿波及全身，并出现胸腔积液、腹水、心包积液、纵隔积液、阴囊或阴唇水肿，也可出现肺水肿。严重者双眼不能睁开，头颈部变粗，皮肤可呈蜡样苍白，加之胸、腹水的存在，故出现明显呼吸困难，不能平卧只能端坐位。若有皮肤损伤，则组织内液溢出且不易停止。水肿与体位关系明显，如出现与体位无关的水肿，应疑及静脉血栓形成。水肿的严重程度一般与低白蛋白血症的程度呈正相关。一般认为水肿主要是由大量蛋白尿引起血浆蛋白(尤其白蛋白)下降，血浆胶体渗透压减低，血管内水分向组织间隙移动所致。另有认为本征的水肿与原发性肾性钠水潴留有关，可能的因素是：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">①肾小球滤过率下降;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">②肾小管重吸收增加;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">③远端小管对血浆心房肽(ANP)反应能力下降。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1732","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":1},{"id":"7607","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"肾病综合征辨证论治","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1510727389358.png\" title=\"肾病综合征辨证论治\" alt=\"肾病综合征辨证论治\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">肾病综合征中医治疗</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1.中医治疗：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">中医辨证治疗依据中医望、闻、问、切四诊诊断手段及八纲、病因、脏腑等辨证方法，我们常归纳为以下几种证型。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1)脾肾阳虚：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">证候：症见一身皆肿，小便不利，身瞩动，恶寒无汗，四肢清冷，甚则沉重疼痛，舌质淡，舌体胖大，苔薄白脉沉紧。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">证候分析：脾肾阳虚，水湿不化，开阖失司，水液不能正常运行而停于体内，溢于肌肤，故见水肿、小便不利</span>;脾肾阳虚，水湿内动，故见身闰动;脾肾阳虚，阳气不能达于肌肤四肢，故见恶寒无汗，四肢清冷，舌质淡，体胖大。苔薄白、脉沉紧，均为脾肾阳虚，水湿内阻之象。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2)肝肾阴虚：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">证候：素禀阳盛的患者，面部及下肢皆肿，伴见口渴欲饮，口苦纳呆，大便干结，手足心热，舌质偏红，苔薄自，脉见细数或弦细。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">证候分析：由于素禀阳盛或过用激素及中药温补，导致肝肾阴虚，影响水液代谢，致水湿内停，溢于肌肤，故可见面部及下肢浮肿</span>;肝肾阴虚，易生内热，加之水湿内停，湿热相合，产生湿热，故见口渴欲饮，口苦纳呆等证。其余舌脉均为肝肾阴虚之象。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3)气阴两虚：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">证候：全身浮肿，下肢尤甚，伴神疲短气、腹胀纳差，手足心热，口咽干燥，腰酸腰痛，头晕头痛，口渴喜饮，舌质淡红有齿痕，苔薄，脉沉细或弦细。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">证候分析：本证多由脾肾气虚或肝肾阴虚日久，气损及阴，阴损及气发展而来</span>;气虚不能化水，阴虚不能化气，均可致水湿内停而引起水肿、神疲乏力，腹胀纳差，均为气虚所致;手足心热，口咽干燥多为阴虚所为;其余脉证多为气阴两虚所致。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4)风热犯肺：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">证候：一身悉肿，面目尤甚，或伴有恶寒发热，头痛身痛，脉浮苔薄，或多见反复感染性病灶。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">证候分析：由于体虚感受风邪，邪客肌表内舍于肺，肺失宣降，水道不通，风水相搏，风遏水阻，泛滥肌肤而发为水肿。伴见恶寒发热、头痛、身痛等外感症状。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">5)气滞水停：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">证候：全身浮肿较重，反复发作，腹胀明显，胸闷短气，恶心呕吐，尿少，尿黄，舌质红，苔薄黄，脉弦滑等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">证候分析：由于水停三焦日久，阻滞气机，或因肝郁气滞，肝失疏泄，皆可使气机不畅，水道不通，终致气滞水停而形成水肿，且反复发作。由于气机阻滞，故伴见腹胀、胸闷短气等症。水湿内停，气机阻滞，胃失和降，胃气上逆，故见恶心呕吐</span>;气机不畅，水液不能排泄，故尿少、尿黄。水湿内停不化津，故舌质红;脉弦滑为气机阻滞之象。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">6)湿热壅滞：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">证候：全身浮肿，面红气粗，口苦口粘，口干不欲饮水，或痤疮感染，或继发疮疖，小便短涩。大便不畅，舌尖边红，苔薄黄腻，或苔黄，脉滑数或弦数。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">证候分析：由于上壅木郁，三焦气化不利，水湿内蕴，积久化热，热蒸湿郁，湿热壅滞形成水肿</span>;湿热上扰，津不上承，故见面红气粗、口苦口粘，口干不欲饮水等;湿热壅盛肌肤外发，故见颜面痤疮或皮肤疮疖;湿热下注，则见小便短涩，大使不畅;其余舌脉均系湿热壅滞之象。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1732","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":1},{"id":"7606","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"肾病综合征是怎么回事","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1510726317210.png\" title=\"肾病综合征是怎么回事\" alt=\"肾病综合征是怎么回事\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">找良医网</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">向您详细介绍肾病综合征的病理病因，肾病综合征主要是由什么原因引起的。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">肾病综合征疾病病因</span><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(一)发病原因</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">一般来说，凡能引起肾小球滤过膜损伤的因素都可以导致肾病综合征。根据病因可将其分为原发性和继发性，前者之诊断主要依靠排除继发性肾病综合征。原发性肾病综合征病因不明，研究结果提示免疫机制，尤其是细胞免疫变化可能和发病有关，此外脂代谢紊乱、凝血因子的变化及大量蛋白尿亦参与本病的发生。继发性肾病综合征常见病因有以下几类。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1.感染 细菌感染，见于链球菌感染后肾炎、细菌性心内膜炎、分流肾炎、麻风、梅毒、结核、慢性肾盂肾炎伴反流性肾病等;病毒感染见于乙型肝炎、巨细胞病毒、传染性单核细胞增多症、人类免疫缺陷病毒;寄生虫感染见于疟原虫、弓形虫病、蠕虫、血吸虫病、丝虫病。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2.药物或中毒、过敏 有机或无机汞、有机金及银、青霉胺、二醋吗啡、丙磺舒、非甾体抗炎药、三甲双酮等药物;蜂蛰、蛇毒;花粉、疫苗、抗毒素等过敏。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3.肿瘤 肺、胃、结肠、乳腺、卵巢、甲状腺等肿瘤，白血病及淋巴瘤，Willm瘤等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4.系统性疾病 系统性红斑狼疮、混合性结缔组织病、皮肌炎、舍格伦综合征、过敏性紫癜、淀粉样变等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">5.代谢性疾病 糖尿病、甲状腺疾病。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">6.遗传性疾病 先天性肾病综合征、Alport综合征、Fabry病、镰状细胞贫血、指甲-膑骨综合征、脂肪营养不良、家族性肾综等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">7.其他 子痫、移植肾慢性排异、恶性肾硬化、肾动脉狭窄等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">在我国继发性肾病综合征中，以系统性红斑狼疮、糖尿病肾病、过敏性紫癜最为常见。此处重点介绍原发性肾病综合征。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">儿童患者原发性肾病综合征常见的病理组织学改变是以微小病变型为主。成人则主要是局灶节段性肾炎、膜型肾病和微小病变型。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">近年来成人肾病综合征病因有明显变迁，</span>1970～1980年期间膜型肾病是最常见原因，其次是微小病变肾病和局灶节段性肾小球硬化。有人认为局灶节段性肾小球硬化不应发生肾病综合征，但临床肾活检证实，局灶节段性肾小球硬化超过了膜型肾病。Mark等报道，1976～1979年膜型肾病占36%，微小病变为23%，局灶节段性硬化(FSGS)占15%。而1995～1997年FSGS已是肾病综合征主要病因，占35%。他们还发现在1995～1997年组中在黑人肾病综合征FSGS占50%，而且67%的年龄在45岁以内。微小病变肾病综合征呈减少趋势，膜增殖性肾炎也呈减少趋势，而系膜IgA肾病则逐年增加。资料显示年龄在44岁以上病例中有10%AL淀粉样肾病，但未能证实为多发性骨髓瘤和副球蛋白血症。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1732","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2}],"pageObj":{"list":[],"list4Map":null,"pageBegin":0,"pageSize":5,"pageNumber":0,"totalPage":0,"totalRow":0},"loginUser":null,"replies":[],"forumUserFans":null,"herfList":[],"only":"0","topic":{"id":"11446","isDel":0,"createAt":1516419376464,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"77岁球王贝利在家中昏倒 目前已无大碍","content":"<p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp; &nbsp;1</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">月</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%\">18</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">日，</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%\">77</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">岁的“球王”贝利在巴西家中失去意识后，被送往当地医院。原计划本周末前往伦敦参加的活动被迫取消。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height:200%\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1516419534154.jpg\" title=\"77岁球王贝利在家中昏倒 目前已无大碍\" alt=\"77岁球王贝利在家中昏倒 目前已无大碍\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height:200%\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">曾随巴西国家足球队夺得三次世界冠军的“球王”贝利本应在本周末飞往伦敦参加英国足球记者协会组织的一项颁奖典礼，于周日（</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%\">21</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">日）与</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%\">FWA</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">会员见面，但因其健康状况恶化而取消行程。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">在英格兰足球记者协会的声明中称，“周四（</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%\">18</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">日）早些时候，贝利突然昏厥，被送进巴西一家医院。经过一系列检查，发现可能是由于过度疲劳引起的昏厥。贝利目前正在输液，医生正在密切关注着他的健康状况。目前医院尚未确诊其病情严重。”</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">贝利近年来进行了肾病治疗，并进行了髋关节手术。贝利于</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%\">2017</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">年</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%\">12</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">月</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%\">1</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">日出席了在莫斯科举行的</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%\">2018</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">年俄罗斯足球世界杯决赛阶段抽签仪式，并坐着轮椅出现在克里姆林宫的舞台上。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">出生于巴西的“球王”贝利被普遍视为是现代足球历史最佳球员，职业生涯共出场</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%\">1366</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">场比赛，进</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%\">1283</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">球，这一数字也被载入吉尼斯世界纪录。</span></p><p><br/></p><p>关于此事，相关网友发表如下评论：</p><p><br/></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">過来：老贝你可要稳住啊，多希望你下一届世界杯预测中国队进不</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%\">16</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">强</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">龙卷风：正想着今年世界杯毒奶那个国家队呢</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%\">[</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">哈哈</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%\">]</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">，开个玩笑。现在的年轻人或许无法了解贝利那个年代黑人的地位有多低，种族矛盾与民族纠纷有多严重，在巴西，因为足球种族矛盾与民族纠纷、民主进程得到圆满的解决，没有流血，正是贝利等巴西球星的贡献，他曾经是无数人励志的榜样（现在依然是），祝老球王健康长寿，并时不时来个乌鸦嘴逗乐！</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">顺妻自然：老爷子，前两天你预测巴西和阿根廷是本届世界杯夺冠大热门吧，，你再预测一下日本和韩国也是夺冠大热门再晕倒好吗？</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">玫瑰与猫：同样是球王，看看隔壁老王，啊不是，隔壁老马，还在那和小女友嘿咻呢。。。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">欢喜对对：贝利</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%\">:</span><span style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">整天要老子预测这个预测那个，太特么伤脑了，不累才怪</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1732","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1794,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1516419376465,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1516419376465,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},"userAllInfo":{"id":null,"isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":null,"password":null,"level":0,"nickName":null,"realName":null,"signName":null,"head":null,"phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":null,"address":null,"identityType":0,"userType":0,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":0,"provinceId":null,"cityId":null,"userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":0,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"forumUserActiveInfo":{"id":"b1ba5254dfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":1705892489293,"updateBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","updateName":"小海螺","userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","topicCount":2201,"replayCount":900,"favorteCount":0,"beFavorteCount":0,"creamCount":2,"focusCount":1,"fansCount":4,"integralCount":2357,"foodCouponCount":0,"lastLoginTime":0,"lastLoginIp":null,"downloadCount":0,"uploadCount":0},"newPass":null,"focusBar":null,"counter":null,"forumUserIdentificateDto":null},"theme":{"id":"1032","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"topicTypeId":"2","topicTypeName":"治疗","themeName":"病友社区","barType":"102","schemaName":2,"reward":0},"page":1,"favorties":true,"isSelf":false,"order":"asc"}