{"nowTime30":1779747704083,"lyBarModerator":null,"metaSearch":{"description":"遗传代谢病的诊断有赖于各项实验室检查。根据临床特点和病史，由简到繁，由初筛到精确，选择相应的实验检查，其临床表现为：神经系统智能障碍、激惹或淡漠、惊厥、运动障碍、嗜睡昏迷、肌张力改变、消化系统、喂养困难、食欲不振、恶心呕吐、黄疸肝大、腹胀腹泻、肝功异常、代谢紊乱、低血糖、高氨血症、代谢性酸中毒、酮中","keywords":"专家向您解答小儿遗传代谢病的表现有哪些_洞医","title":"专家向您解答小儿遗传代谢病的表现有哪些_洞医","channels":null},"identificate":{"id":"5a3adeaa985911e8972100163e0462f1","isDel":0,"createAt":1533437016805,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","realName":"周鑫","certifiedStatus":2,"phone":"15525873223","email":"langlixunta@163.com","hospitalId":"14629","departmentId":"2035","illName":"","illId":"ac6f137def9411e7a3d800163e04584d","cardType":1,"cardImg":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1533437073284.jpg","idCardImg":"","identityType":2,"stop":0,"departmentName":"内分泌科","hospitalName":null},"canEdit":null,"adList":[],"lyBar":{"id":"1321","isDel":0,"createAt":1483430652582,"createBy":"system","createName":"system","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"name":"遗传代谢病","type":102,"twoCode":"http://zhao01.com/zly_img/zly_wx.jpg","image":null,"provinceId":null,"cityId":null,"illId":"6a9d31adbb5f11e6a61c00163e04584d","hospitalId":null,"keyWord":null,"totleTopic":0,"barDesc":null,"discussBarType":null,"metaSearch":"{\"channels\":{\"病友社区\":{\"description\":\"为病友提供:遗传代谢病论坛_病友论坛_病友交流平台，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"遗传代谢病论坛_病友论坛_病友交流平台\",\"title\":\"遗传代谢病论坛_病友论坛_病友交流平台\"},\"治疗\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:小孩遗传代谢病咋治疗_代谢性疾病怎么治等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"小孩遗传代谢病咋治疗_代谢性疾病怎么治\",\"title\":\"小孩遗传代谢病咋治疗_代谢性疾病怎么治\"},\"症状\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:新生儿遗传代谢病症状_新生儿遗传代谢病表现等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"新生儿遗传代谢病症状_新生儿遗传代谢病表现\",\"title\":\"新生儿遗传代谢病症状_新生儿遗传代谢病表现\"},\"并发症\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:遗传代谢病不治会怎样_遗传代谢病后遗症等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"遗传代谢病不治会怎样_遗传代谢病后遗症\",\"title\":\"遗传代谢病不治会怎样_遗传代谢病后遗症\"},\"饮食\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:遗传代谢病忌口_遗传代谢病吃什么食物好等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"遗传代谢病忌口_遗传代谢病吃什么食物好\",\"title\":\"遗传代谢病忌口_遗传代谢病吃什么食物好\"},\"病因\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:遗传代谢病怎么导致的_遗传代谢病的原因等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"遗传代谢病怎么导致的_遗传代谢病的原因\",\"title\":\"遗传代谢病怎么导致的_遗传代谢病的原因\"},\"病友求助\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:新生儿遗传代谢病筛查_6岁遗传代谢病能活多久等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"新生儿遗传代谢病筛查_6岁遗传代谢病能活多久\",\"title\":\"新生儿遗传代谢病筛查_6岁遗传代谢病能活多久\"},\"预防\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:遗传代谢病是遗传的吗_遗传代谢病怎么避免等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"遗传代谢病是遗传的吗_遗传代谢病怎么避免\",\"title\":\"遗传代谢病是遗传的吗_遗传代谢病怎么避免\"}},\"description\":\"为您提供:代谢病有哪些、婴儿代谢病是什么病、遗传代谢病检测、代谢病 康复、代谢病病友的治疗经验等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"遗传代谢病检测_代谢病 康复_婴儿代谢病是什么病_代谢病有哪些\",\"title\":\"遗传代谢病检测_代谢病 康复_婴儿代谢病是什么病_代谢病有哪些\"}","adInfo":null},"isLikeThisTopic":null,"lastTopics":[{"id":"8131","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"遗传代谢病应该如何预防","content":"<p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1511425017032.jpg\" title=\"遗传代谢病应该如何预防\" alt=\"遗传代谢病应该如何预防\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">新生儿遗传代谢病检查是一种简易、快速和廉价的血斑试验。通过这种筛查可以及早发现孩子是否患有先天性遗传病，并进行及时的治疗，使其健康成长。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">遗传代谢病近年逐渐成为导致新生儿死亡和残疾的主要原因，尤其是在实行计划生育的今天，更应努力降低此类疾病的危害。遗传代谢病的检测技术难度高大分子类的需要采用生化方法进行酶学活性检测，小分子类的多采用液相串联质谱技术可以做到用一滴血样，在几分钟内一次分析近百种代谢物，检测多种遗传代谢病，可以说是目前世界上最先进、最省钱、最高效的筛查方法。世界发达国家都普遍采用这一技术进行新生儿的筛查。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">目前，在我国每年</span>2000多万的出生人口中，约有40万到50万的儿童患有遗传代谢病。它给患儿家庭和社会带来了巨大的危害。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1321","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1036","readLevel":0,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2},{"id":"7357","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"遗传代谢病的饮食治疗","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\"></span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">遗传代谢病就是有代谢功能缺陷的一类遗传病，多为单基因遗传病，包括代谢大分子类疾病：包括溶酶体贮积症（三十几种病）、线粒体病等等，代谢小分子类疾病：氨基酸、有机酸、脂肪酸等。遗传代谢病一部分病因由基因遗传导致，还有一部分是后天基因突变造成，发病期不仅仅是新生儿，覆盖全年龄阶段。</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">遗传代谢病的饮食</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">治疗。</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">可多食用热量高而蛋白质极低的食物来补充。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1510365646846.jpg\" title=\"遗传代谢病的饮食治疗\" alt=\"遗传代谢病的饮食治疗\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1.油脂：色拉油、花生油、玉米油、葵花子油、麻油等。烹调时多用些油炒，或采用油煎、油炸等烹调方式。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2.低蛋白淀粉：澄粉、玉米淀粉、藕粉、冬粉、粉皮、西谷米、粉圆、低蛋白米粉等，制作各种可口的点心。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3.血糖正常者可食用糖类（白糖、冰糖、蜂蜜、姜糖、水果糖等）添加在食物、饮料或点心中增加热量。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1321","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":1},{"id":"7772","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"遗传代谢病可能并发哪些疾病","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1510972211609.jpg\" title=\"遗传代谢病可能并发哪些疾病\" alt=\"遗传代谢病可能并发哪些疾病\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">找良医网</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">向您详细介绍遗传代谢病有哪些并发病症，遗传代谢病还会引起哪些疾病？</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">遗传代谢病并发症</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1.肝脏损害</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">肝脏是最常见的受累器官，多表现为慢性肝炎、肝硬化，反复出现疲乏、食欲差，呕吐、黄疸、浮肿或腹水等。有少数表现为急性肝炎，甚至迅速发展至急性肝功能衰竭。轻者仅见肝脾大而无临床症状。约</span>15%的患儿在出现肝病症状前后同时发生溶血性贫血，一般是一过性的，但亦可发生严重溶血合并爆发性肝功能衰竭，甚至死亡。溶血原因是由于大量铜由肝脏释放入血循环。直接损伤红细胞膜所致，此时患儿童常无K—F环出现，因此对凡是非球形红细胞明显增高，血清铜蓝蛋白低下。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2.神经精神损害</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">神经系统损害仅次于肝损害，其症状出现亦多晚于肝损害。早期主要是构语困难</span>(纳吃)、动作笨拙或震颤、不自主运动、表情呆板、肌张力改变等，到晚期精神症状更为明显，常有行为异常和智能障碍，颅脑CT和MRI可显示基底节目低密度灶，严重时可累及丘脑、脑干和小脑 。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3.肾脏损害</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">大都继发于肝损害，少数可作为首发症状，主要表现为肾小管重吸收功能障碍，如蛋白尿、糖尿、氨基酸尿和肾小管酸中毒表现，少数患儿可有</span>Fanconi综合征症状。少数患者可并发甲状旁腺功能减低，葡萄糖不耐受、胰酶分泌不足、体液或细胞免疫功能低下等。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1321","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1034","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":1},{"id":"13753","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"48种遗传代谢病是哪些","content":"<p style=\"margin-right:0;text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">小孩子现在还很小，听别人说要做</span>48中遗传病筛查尽搞些稀里糊涂的检查。48种遗传代谢病是哪些？有必要做48种遗传代谢病检查吗？</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1321","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1033","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":5},{"id":"8456","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"遗传代谢病的鉴别有哪些","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512007742858.jpg\" title=\"遗传代谢病的鉴别有哪些\" alt=\"遗传代谢病的鉴别有哪些\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">与生俱来的东西似乎已经与我们合为一体一样，在体内默默扎根。一些好的方面与我们而言当然是最好不过了，但是像是一些遗传性的疾病，就不是那么好受的了。遗传代谢病是我们大多数人都不怎么听过的一类疾病，而越是不了解的疾病就越容易被它的一些相似疾病所混淆我们对它的鉴别。现在，小编就来为大家详述一下关于遗传代谢病与它所相似的疾病的一些鉴别。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　1、苯丙酮尿症：苯丙酮尿症是一种常见的氨基酸代谢病，与常染色体隐性遗传相关。病因是由于患儿肝内的一种酶类缺乏，导致苯丙氨酸不能代谢而在体内大量蓄积，引起小儿智力低下、多动、肌肉痉挛或癫痫发作等进行性症状。头颅CT及MRI检查可发现弥漫性脑皮质萎缩，与脑瘫相似，检测血中苯丙氨酸的浓度就可以确诊。这类病人给予特殊饮食治疗后一般都可以正常发育，应早期鉴别诊断，以免延误治疗。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　2、脑白质营养不良：这种疾病属于常染色体隐性遗传性疾病，由于髓磷脂代谢障碍，导致脑白质功能异常，表现为肌肉痉挛、肌张力增高、惊厥、智力减退、共济失调等症状。该病病情呈进行性加重，检测体液中芳香硫酸酯酶A的活性可以鉴别。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　3、中枢神经海绵性变性：该病属于常染色体隐性遗传病，患儿出生时常正常，3个月开始出现智力发育缓慢，肌张力下降，继而出现头围增大，肌张力增高等症状。CT和MRI检查可见脑白质囊样改变。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　遗传代谢病患者常会表现出类似于低血糖等症状，除此之外，还会出现尿液气味异常以及呕吐的情况。在这些症状表现中，很多都是和以上所提及的疾病有着神似之处，所以在进行鉴别时，务必要配合专业人士的指导，每一个细节都要严谨做到位。因为有时候很可能会因为一个小小的失误就出现诊断错误的情况，希望医患双方都能够引起重视，认真对待疾病的鉴别诊断。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1321","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2},{"id":"1682","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"遗传代谢病的症状","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 37px; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"1488881124249.jpg\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1488881124249.jpg\" alt=\"01.jpg\" /></span></span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">遗传代谢病致病原因定位在</span>13q14.3，其发病机制迄今未名，现认为其基本代谢缺陷是肝脏不能正常合成血浆铜蓝蛋白，铜与铜蓝蛋白的结合力下降以致自胆汁中排出铜量减少。人铜蓝蛋白基因位于3q23&mdash;25，其基因突变与本病相关，目前发现6种移码突变导致编码蛋白功能障碍铜蓝蛋白无法与铜结合。铜是人体所必需的微量元素之一，人体新陈代谢所需的许多重要的酶，如过氧化物歧化酶、细胞色素C氧化酶、酪氨基酶、赖氨酸氧化酶和铜蓝蛋白等，都需铜离子的参与合成。但机体内铜含量过多、高浓度的铜会使细胞受损和坏死，导致脏器功能损伤。其细胞毒性可能铜与蛋白质、核酸过多结合，或使各种膜的脂质氧化，或是产生了过多的氧自由基，破坏细胞的线粒体、溶酶体等。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">临床表现</span></span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">神经系统异常、代谢性酸中毒和酮症、严重呕吐、肝脏肿大或肝功能不全、特殊气味、容貌怪异、皮肤和毛发异常、眼部异常、耳聋等，多数遗传代谢病伴有神经系统异常，在新生儿期发病者可表现为急性脑病，造成痴呆、脑瘫、甚至昏迷、死亡等严重并发症。</span></span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\">1.尿液</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">异常气味、酮体屡次阳性等提示有代谢缺陷病的可能性；尿液中的</span>&alpha;-酮酸可用2，4-二硝基苯肼法（DNPH）测试，判断有无有机酸尿的可能。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\">2.低血糖</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">新生儿低血糖可以是由摄人食物中的某些成分所诱发，也可能是因为内在代谢缺陷而不能保持血糖水平，或者由于两种因素的共同作用。当新生儿低血糖发生于进食以后、补给葡萄糖的效果不显；或伴有明显的重症酮中毒和其他代谢紊乱；或经常发作时，均提示遗传性代谢缺陷的可能性，应考虑以下情况：</span></span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">（</span>1）内分泌缺乏 如胰高糖素缺乏、多种垂体激素缺乏（垂体发育不全）、原发性肾上腺皮质或髓质功能减低等，内分泌过多如Beckwith-Wiedemann综合征、胰岛细胞增多症；</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">（</span>2）遗传性碳水化合物代谢缺陷 如I型糖原累积病、果糖不耐症、半乳糖血症、糖原合成酶缺乏、果糖l，6-二磷酸酶缺乏；</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">（</span>3）遗传性氨基酸代谢缺陷 如枫糖尿症、丙酸血症；甲基丙二酸血症、酪氨酸血症等。低血糖发生急骤者，临床呈现高音调哭闹、发绀、肌张力减低、体温不升、呼吸不规则、呕吐、惊厥、昏迷等症状；起病隐匿者则以反应差、嗜睡、拒食等为主。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\">3.高氨血症</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">除新生儿败血症和肝炎等所引致的肝功能衰竭以外，新生儿期的高氨血症常常是遗传代谢病所造成，且起病大都急骤。患儿出生时正常而在喂食奶类数日后逐渐出现嗜睡、拒食、呕吐、肌力减退、呻吟呼吸、惊厥和昏迷，甚至死亡。有时可见到交替性肢体强直和不正常动作等。许多代谢缺陷可导致高氨血症，由尿素循环酶缺陷引起者常伴有轻度酸中毒；而由于支链氨基酸代谢紊乱引起的则伴中、重度代谢性酸中毒。</span></span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">检查</span></span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\">1.遗传代谢病的种类</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">种类繁多，涉及到各种生化物质在体内的合成、代谢、转运和储存等方面的先天缺陷根据累及的生化物质，可分为以下几类：</span></span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">（</span>1）大分子类 ①溶酶体贮积症 主要包括：戈谢病、法布里病（Fabry病）、异染性脑白质营养不良、球形细胞脑白质营养不良、GM1神经节苷脂贮积症、GM2黑蒙性痴呆（Tay-Sachs病）、Sanhoff病、尼曼-匹克病、糖原贮积症II型（pompe）、岩藻糖苷贮积症、甘露糖苷贮积症、&beta;-甘露糖苷增多症、天冬氨酰氨基葡糖尿症、MPSⅠ、MPSⅡ、MPSⅢA、MPSⅢB、MPSⅢC、MPSⅢD、MPSⅣA、MPSⅣB、MPSⅥ、MPSⅦ、MPSIX、MLⅡ及Ⅲ、NCL婴儿型、NCL晚期婴儿型、Farber病、唾液酸贮积症、Wolman病等等。②线粒体病 主要包括：母系遗传Leigh综合征，线粒体肌病，多系统疾病：心肌病、进行性眼外肌麻痹、Leer遗传性视神经病、线粒体肌病、肌病、糖尿病和耳聋、共济失调舞蹈病、细胞外基质慢性游走性红斑、进行性眼外肌麻痹、铁粒幼细胞贫血、MERRF-线粒体肌病、肌阵挛（癫痫）、线粒体脑肌病、MERRF、线粒体肌病、共济失调并发色素性视网膜炎、家族性双侧纹状体坏死、共济失调并发色素性视网膜炎、家族性双侧纹状体坏死、骨骼肌溶解症、婴儿猝死综合征。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">（</span>2）小分子类 ①糖代谢缺陷 半乳糖血症、果糖不耐症、糖原累积病、蔗糖和异麦芽糖不耐症、乳酸及丙酮酸酸中毒等。②氨基酸代谢缺陷 苯丙酮尿症、酪氨酸血症、黑酸尿症、白化病、枫糖尿症、异戊酸血症、同型胱氨酸尿症、先天性高氨血症、高甘氨酸血症等。③脂类代谢缺陷 如肾上腺脑白质营养不良、GML神经节苷脂病、GM2神经节苷脂病、中链脂肪酸酰基辅酶A脱氢酶缺乏、尼曼匹克病和戈雪病等。④金属代谢病 如肝豆状核变性（wilton病）和Menkes病等。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\">2.遗传代谢病的代谢紊乱</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">本病的代谢紊乱表现为以下几个方面：</span></span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">（</span>1）代谢终末产物缺，正常人体所需的产物合成不足或完全不能合成，临床上出现相应症状，如缺乏葡萄糖&mdash;6&mdash;磷酸酶的糖原累积症，肝糖原分解葡萄糖不足，在饥饿或进食延迟时出现低血糖。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">（</span>2）受累代谢途径的中间和（或）旁路代谢产物蓄积，引起相应的细胞、器官肿大，出现毒性反应和代谢紊乱，如苯丙酮尿症、半乳糖血症等。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">（</span>3）代谢途径受阻，物质的供能和功能障碍导致供能不足，如糖代谢缺陷、先天性高乳酸血症等。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\">3.遗传代谢病常见的症状与体征</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">本病的临床症状多种多样，随年龄不同尚有差异，全身各器官均可受累。大多有神经系统受累的表现以及消化系统的症状，此外还有代谢紊乱，容貌异常，毛发皮肤色素改变，尿液的特殊气味等。</span></span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">诊断</span></span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">有赖于各项实验室检查。根据临床特点和病史，由简到繁，由初筛到精确，选择相应的实验检查。</span></span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\">1.尿液的检查</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">（</span>1）尿的色泽与气味 有些代谢产物从尿液中大量排出，可使尿液呈现特殊的颜色和气味。如尿蓝母使尿呈蓝色；而尿黑酸呈蓝&mdash;棕色；卟啉则呈红色。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">（</span>2）尿液中还原物试验 尿液中的半乳糖、果糖、葡萄糖、草酸、4&mdash;羟基苯丙酮酸等还原物质均可检出，为进一步选择检查提供帮助。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">（</span>3）尿液筛查试验 常用的有三氯化铁试验，二硝基苯肼（DNPH）试验，硝普盐试验，甲苯胺蓝试验。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\">2.血液生化检测</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">如血糖、血电解质、肝肾功能、胆红素、血氨、血气分析等项检查。</span></span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\">3.氨基酸分析</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">可进行血、尿液氨基酸分析，指征是：</span></span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">（</span>1）家族中已有确诊为遗传性代谢病患者或类似症状疾病患者；</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">（</span>2）高度怀疑为氨基酸、有机酸代谢缺陷者（有代谢性酸中毒、酮尿症、高氨血症、低血糖、血及尿肌酐含量降低、尿路结石等）；</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">（</span>3）不明原因的脑病（昏睡、惊厥、智能障碍等）；</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">（</span>4）疾病饮食治疗监测。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\">4.有机酸分析</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">人体内的有机酸来源于碳水化合物；脂肪酸、氨基酸代谢以及饮食、药物等，可通过尿液、血浆、脑脊液等进行有机酸分析，以尿液最为常用。其指征大致同氨基酸分析：</span></span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">（</span>1）不明原因的代谢异常；</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">（</span>2）疑诊为有机酸或氨基酸病；</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">（</span>3）疑为脂肪酸代谢及能量代谢障碍；</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">（</span>4）不明原因的肝大、黄疸等；</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">（</span>5）不明原因的神经肌肉疾病；</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">（</span>6）多系统进行性损害等。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">鉴别诊断</span></span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">拒食、呕吐、腹泻等颇为常见，这些症状常在进食后不久发生；持续黄疸伴生长迟缓者常见于</span>crigler-Najjar综合征、&alpha;1-抗胰蛋白酶缺陷、过氧化酶体病、胆汁酸代谢障碍、C型Niemann-Pick病（慢性神经型）、Byler病等；脂肪酸氧化障碍和尿素循环酶缺陷者可呈现Reye综合症样症状；肝肿大伴有低血糖和惊厥发作者常提示（Ⅰ或Ⅲ型）糖原累积病和高胰岛素血症等；肝功能衰竭症状（黄疸、出血症状、转氨酶增高、腹水等）出现时应考虑半乳糖血症、Ⅰ型酪氨酸血症、果糖不耐症和呼吸链功能障碍等疾病；各种原因所造成的肝细胞功能衰竭时都可在临床上发生糖尿、低血糖、高氨血症、高乳酸血症、高酪氨酸血症、高甲硫氨酸血症等情况，必须注意鉴别。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">治疗</span></span></p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 37px; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\";font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">总的治疗原则是减少代谢缺陷造成的毒性物质蓄积、补充正常需要物质、酶或进行基因医疗。大多数遗传代谢病以饮食治疗为主，部分疾患可通过维生素、辅酶等进行治疗。通过对症治疗许多疾患可以得到有效控制，可以正常生活、学习和工作。</span></span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1321","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":1},{"id":"12269","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"专家向您解答遗传代谢病怎样治疗","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0px;\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">其实，很多时候，在我们身边总是会听说，谁谁谁有遗传病，都感觉好恐怖，觉得遗传病也就是那样了，治不好的，一辈子的事情，但是不然，比如遗传代谢病，它是可治性的，治疗愈早，预后愈好。治疗的原则是减少铜的摄入和增加铜的排出，避免铜在体内的沉积，以恢复和改善正常功能。找良医网带您了解一下</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">遗传代谢病</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">的治疗：</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 5px; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;<img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1517820641261.jpg\" title=\"专家向您解答遗传代谢病怎样治疗\" alt=\"专家向您解答遗传代谢病怎样治疗\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">1、低铜饮食，在每日的饮食中，食物的含铜量不应＞1mg，患者不宜进食动物的内脏、鱼虾海鲜、坚果、巧克力和蘑菇等含铜量高的食品。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">2、促进铜排出，D—青霉胺是目前最常用的药物，能与铜离子结合，促进尿铜排出，且可能促进细胞合成金属硫因。剂量为每日200mg/kg，分次口服（也可根据医生诊断的病情来调整药物的服用标准）。治疗期间应监测尿铜，第1年内要求每日尿铜排出量＞2mg，一般在治疗数周后神经系统症状可改善，而肝功能好转常需3—4个月的治疗，可根据尿铜及临床症状调整外药，因青霉胺可能抑制维生素B6，故应每日补充维生素B6 25mg。可考虑用盐酸三乙撑四胺剂量为每日0.5—2g。近年来应用另一高效铜络合剂，连四硫代相酸胺，可与铜络合成Cu（MoS4）2自尿液排出，短期内改善症状。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">3、减少铜吸收，口服锌制剂可促进肝和肠粘膜细胞合成分泌金属硫因，与铜离子结合后减少肠铜离子吸收。常用硫酸锌（每100mg含元素锌20mg），每日口服量以相当于50mg锌为宜。分2—3次，餐间服用，对轻症或病情改善后可单用锌剂，对病情较重开始治疗时，与青霉胺联合使用，但两药需间隔2—3小时，以免疗效降低。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">4、其他治疗，神经系统症状可对症处理，如用左旋作巴、安坦等，肝、肾、骨关节等病症根本病情适当治疗。对病所致的急性肝功能衰竭或失代偿性肝硬化患儿，经上述各种治疗无效时可考虑进行肝移植。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1321","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":5},{"id":"10702","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"新生儿遗传代谢性疾病是什么","content":"<p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%;background:rgb(255,255,255)\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin: 0px; text-indent: 32px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1515486614005.jpg\" title=\"新生儿遗传代谢性疾病是什么\" alt=\"新生儿遗传代谢性疾病是什么\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin: 0px; text-indent: 32px; padding: 0px; line-height: 200%; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;padding:0 0 0 0 ;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%;background:rgb(255,255,255)\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">新生儿疾病筛查是指对每个出生的宝宝，通过先进的实验室检测发现某些危害严重的</span></span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">先天性遗传代谢性疾病</span></span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">，从而早期诊断、早期治疗，避免宝宝因脑、肝、肾等损害导致智力、体力发育障碍甚至消亡。随着现代医学的发展，诊疗技术的提高，新生儿消亡率逐渐降低，而消亡原因中占最大比例的就是先天毛病。临床上每一百个新生儿约有</span>4-6个有先天毛病，这些毛病有一些全然是由遗传因素所引起，包括单一基因异常及染色体异常，另一些则是受到遗传及环境的多因子异常。有部分</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">先天性代谢性疾病</span></span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">，在疾病早期往往症状不明显，然则一旦发病不是危及生命，就是构成智力或机体永久性的损伤，给家庭及社会带来一辈子遗憾和包袱。为使出生毛病得到及时的治疗和有效的控制。医学界在疾病早期没有症状的时候，就能将患儿检查出来，而展开了一系列方法，在新生儿出生后不久，就进行检查，这就是我们现行的新生儿疾病筛查工作。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1321","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":5}],"pageObj":{"list":[],"list4Map":null,"pageBegin":0,"pageSize":5,"pageNumber":0,"totalPage":0,"totalRow":0},"loginUser":null,"replies":[],"forumUserFans":null,"herfList":[],"only":"0","topic":{"id":"12271","isDel":0,"createAt":1517820902117,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"专家向您解答小儿遗传代谢病的表现有哪些","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0px;\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">遗传代谢病</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">的诊断有赖于各项实验室检查。根据临床特点和病史，由简到繁，由初筛到精确，选择相应的实验检查，其临床表现为：神经系统智能障碍、激惹或淡漠、惊厥、运动障碍、嗜睡昏迷、肌张力改变、消化系统、喂养困难、食欲不振、恶心呕吐、黄疸肝大、腹胀腹泻、肝功异常、代谢紊乱、低血糖、高氨血症、代谢性酸中毒、酮中毒、乳酸酸中毒、呼吸循环、呼吸窘迫、心力衰竭、心律异常。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 5px; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1517821389262.jpg\" title=\"专家向您解答小儿遗传代谢病的表现有哪些\" alt=\"专家向您解答小儿遗传代谢病的表现有哪些\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">1、尿液的检查　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">(1)尿的色泽与气味：有些代谢产物从尿液中大量排出，可使尿液呈现特殊的颜色和气味。如尿蓝母使尿呈蓝色;而尿黑酸呈蓝—棕色;卟啉则呈红色。如前所述，尿液的特殊嗅味更有提示作用。　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">(2)尿液中还原物试验：尿液中的半乳糖、果糖、葡萄糖、草酸、4—羟基苯丙酮酸等还原物质均可检出，为进一步选择检查提供帮助。　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">(3)尿液筛查试验，常用的有：三氯化铁试验，二硝基苯肼(DNPH)试验，硝普盐试验，甲苯胺蓝试验。　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">2、血液生化检测 如血糖、血电解质、肝肾功能、胆红素、血氨、血气分析等项检查。　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">3、氨基酸分析 可进行血、尿液氨基酸分析，指征是：　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">(1)家族中已有确诊为遗传性代谢病患者或类似症状疾病患者;　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">(2)高度怀疑为氨基酸、有机酸代谢缺陷者(有代谢性酸中毒、酮尿症、高氨血症、低血糖、血及尿肌酐含量降低、尿路结石等);　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">(3)不明原因的脑病(昏睡、惊厥、智能障碍等);　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">(4)疾病饮食治疗监测。　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">4、有机酸分析 人体内的有机酸来源于碳水化合物;脂肪酸、氨基酸代谢以及饮食、药物等，可通过尿液、血浆、脑脊液等进行有机酸分析，以尿液最为常用。其指征大致同氨基酸分析：　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">(1)不明原因的代谢异常;　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">(2)疑诊为有机酸或氨基酸病;　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">(3)疑为脂肪酸代谢及能量代谢障碍　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">(4)不明原因的肝大、黄疸等;　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">(5)不明原因的神经肌肉疾病;　　</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">(6)多系统进行性损害等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1321","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1436,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1517820902119,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1517820902119,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},"userAllInfo":{"id":null,"isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":null,"password":null,"level":0,"nickName":null,"realName":null,"signName":null,"head":null,"phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":null,"address":null,"identityType":0,"userType":0,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":0,"provinceId":null,"cityId":null,"userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":0,"forumUser":{"id":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1507789271266,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"良药苦口","password":"zx13401068656","level":0,"nickName":"周良药","realName":null,"signName":"良药苦口利于病，忠言逆耳利于行！","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1516263139285.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"langlixunta@163.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110114","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"forumUserActiveInfo":{"id":"8acedcfeaf1511e7a3d800163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":1611056061967,"updateBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"良药苦口","userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","topicCount":8346,"replayCount":65,"favorteCount":0,"beFavorteCount":0,"creamCount":95,"focusCount":1,"fansCount":1,"integralCount":13965,"foodCouponCount":6624,"lastLoginTime":0,"lastLoginIp":null,"downloadCount":0,"uploadCount":0},"newPass":null,"focusBar":null,"counter":null,"forumUserIdentificateDto":null},"theme":{"id":"1029","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"topicTypeId":"2","topicTypeName":"治疗","themeName":"症状","barType":"102","schemaName":2,"reward":0},"page":1,"favorties":true,"isSelf":false,"order":"asc"}