![\"眼睛受伤怎么办](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1515482000616.jpg\" "\\"眼睛受伤怎么办")
9岁小朋友洋洋(化名)独自在家玩剪刀，不慎将左眼戳伤，面临失明的可能。记者在医院了解到，目前眼外伤患者中儿童占了八成。
在中医院，洋洋的妈妈告诉记者，前不久洋洋玩剪刀时，将左眼戳伤。入院后，医生检查发现，洋洋的视力已经降到了0.1以下。由于受外伤影响，洋洋的眼球晶状体发生病变，引起外伤性白内障，严重影响视力，随时有失明的可能。
据医院眼科医生介绍，这两年，儿童眼外伤患者越来越多了，严重眼外伤患者中，80%是儿童，而且3-10岁的孩子比较多，这其中又以学龄前的儿童最多，男孩子明显比女孩子多。严重眼外伤中，超过80%是戳伤。而儿童眼外伤患者，视力恢复都不理想。
医生介绍，目前最有效的治疗方法就是及早手术。患者如果错过了最佳的手术时间，则可能出现弱视、散光等后遗症。医生提醒各位家长，平时在家要注意将棍状物、剪刀等容易伤害眼部的锐器放在孩子不容易拿到的地方，一旦发生眼部锐器伤，不要麻痹大意或随意使用药物，应立即到医院就诊。
闪光灯对宝宝眼睛伤害有多大，近日，有人将家中3个月大的宝宝经历发了出来，以此提醒家长们予以注意：一次朋友到家中探望时，给宝宝拍了一张照片。然而，就是这次拍照让宝宝出现了视觉障碍。原来这个朋友给宝宝照相的时候忘记关手机的闪光灯，且距离过近—只相当于奶瓶和宝宝脸的距离。事后发觉孩子视线有异常，带往医院检查才发现，孩子的左眼视力1.2，右眼视力仅为0.2，右眼底黄斑区上有一个被烧灼的圆疤。也就是说宝宝的眼睛瞎了！
\n宝宝眼睛遇到强光虽然会本能的反射性闭眼，但这短短几秒足以对娇弱的黄斑形成不可逆的伤害。人的眼睛在看东西时，物体入眼是黄斑区最先“捕捉”到，聚焦也是靠黄斑区来完成。位于视网膜中心的黄斑区是人的视觉中心，也是光敏感度最高和最脆弱的区域，直到4岁左右才发育完全。一旦这一区域被激光灼伤，会感觉眼前好像被一个大圆黑点遮挡住了一样：中间黑旁边亮。最要命的是，它不像角膜和晶体可以移植和更换，这种损伤无法通过任何手术和治疗恢复。
\n相关链接：儿童眼外伤的危害
\n儿童由于眼组织结构精细，生理功能复杂，并具有其它器官所没有的透明，如角膜、晶状体、玻璃体无血管特性，对眼外伤反应、疗效和最后结局也不同于身体其它组织。例如，视网膜损伤后的修复愈合，不一定意味着功能的恢复；角膜和晶体遭受破坏变为混浊后，不能再使之恢复透明；手术去除混浊的晶体后，即使伤眼尚有残存视觉功能，也必须通过镜片矫正才能发挥作用，而视像不等的存在，往往使双眼单视的功能难以实现，等等。
\n可见眼组织损伤后的修复和结瘢，从病理的角度来说可能表示病变的结束，但从视觉功能观点来看，则可能是进一步恶化的开始，也就是说受伤眼当时的病情并不能代表最终的预后，在发生交感性眼炎后，更使对侧眼处于失明的威胁之中。此外，眼球及其附属器有着密切关系，附属器受到严重外伤时，仍可能由于失去附属器的保护而危及正常视觉功能，甚至导致眼球破坏。
\n不同儿童眼外伤紧急处理方式
\n1、眼周软组织挫伤：多为钝性打击眼眶周围，软组织肿胀而无破口，皮下淤血、青紫，谓之挫伤。立即冰袋或凉手巾进行局部冷敷，24小时后可改为热敷，以促进局部淤血的吸收。
\n2、眼周软组织裂伤：凡是仅为眼外部皮肤破裂而眼球无损伤者，谓之眼周皮肤裂伤。必须注意保持创面清洁，只用干净的敷料包扎即可，尽快送往医院眼科进行清创缝合。
\n3、角膜异物：是指灰尘、沙粒、小昆虫、金属碎块及木屑等进入眼内角膜所致，表现有明显的异物感、刺痛、畏光、流泪等典型症状。嘱孩子不要惊慌，不可用手搓揉眼睛。先安静闭上眼睛，在泪液较多时或滴入眼药水之后瞬目数次，异物可能随着泪液或眼药水冲洗出眼外。如症状不消失，急送医院眼科去除异物。
\n4、眼球挫伤：眼球被钝器打击伤及眼睑、结膜、巩膜、角膜和晶状体，以及眼后部的视网膜、视神经等，或有眶骨骨折等。用氯霉素眼药水点眼以防感染。而后用干净的纱布或手绢轻轻遮盖眼睛后去医院治疗。
\n5、眼球破裂伤：多为锐器刺入或划过眼球，导致眼球破裂，伤员自觉有一股“热泪”涌出，随即视物不清并伴有疼痛。患儿立即躺下，严禁用水冲洗伤眼或涂抹任何药物，只需在伤眼上加盖清洁的敷料，用绷带轻轻缠绕包扎即可，严禁加压。所有眼部外伤均需双眼包扎，以免健眼活动带动伤眼转动而造成摩擦，使伤情加重。然后迅速送往医院抢救。
\n","barId":"1785","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":3},{"id":"10685","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"眼睛受伤怎么办 眼外伤可伤至摘眼球变盲人","content":"
眼部受伤时，我们如果有正确的初期救治，那么对挽救伤眼极为重要有效的。例如酸、碱等化学伤，应先用干净水源（纯净水、矿泉水、自来水等）冲洗，以稀释化学药品的浓度，然后再迅速就医。方法有很多种，找良医网告诉您，眼部受伤时，我们应该怎么办：
1、钝性打击致眼眶周围软组织肿胀而无破口的：
应立即用冰袋或凉手巾进行局部冷敷，以期消肿止痛。24小时后可改为热敷，以促进局部淤血的吸收。
2、外部皮肤破裂而眼球无损伤者：
保持创面清洁，用干净的敷料包扎后，尽快送往医院眼科进行清创缝合，减少日后流下较大疤痕的机会。
3、眼球受到钝性撞击或擦伤
滴点氯霉素眼药水预防感染，而后用干净的纱布遮盖眼睛后就医。
4、异物刺入或划过眼球，导致眼球破裂的：
立即平躺，轻轻包扎双眼，迅速送往医院抢救。
5、眼球插入异物有贯通伤的：
不应硬行拉出插入的异物;若有一团黑色的虹膜或胶胨状的玻璃体冒出，也不可将其推回眼内，以免造成感染;让患者平躺，在伤眼上加盖清洁敷料后即可抬送医院抢救。
6、眼部被酸、碱等化学液体灼烧者：
就地取材，用干净凉开水或生理盐水冲洗眼睛，反复开闭伤眼，冲淡洗净化学液体，减轻受伤程度，最好能在送院前或送院途中进行。
找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！
","barId":"1785","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1034","readLevel":0,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":3},{"id":"2097","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"受外伤的眼睛疲惫过度后复痛","content":"我是处于中度焦虑的患者。中午离开医院前，我纠结于戴650度眼镜检测视力只能到0.6（验光是675度），于是又去复测，结果是0.5，惊讶中又去复测，这次勉强测到1.0，结果测完很疲惫，左眼很累，然后左眼又开始痛了。。。是眼球痛，感觉像是眼球下面和后面的筋肉痛。这个就叫自作自受吧。。然后发现内眼角稍微有点红（如图）。红的地方和疼痛的感觉都与外伤后挺像的，只不过程度轻一些。我想这应该不要紧吧？受到焦虑的影响
","barId":"1785","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1033","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":4},{"id":"1490","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"眼外伤视力低","content":"男,20岁。外伤青光眼手术后两个多月。眼压正常。视力低0.2
","barId":"1785","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":3},{"id":"3472","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"眼外伤的诊断要点","content":"眼外伤的诊断要点:1.眼球钝挫伤，相当于中医撞击伤目。2.眼球穿孔伤，相当于中医真睛破损。3.化学伤。4.电光性眼炎。
1.眼球钝挫伤，相当于中医撞击伤目。临床表现各异，如眼睑肿胀、瘀血、裂伤，结膜下出血或角膜混浊，瞳孔散大、缩小或不圆，房水混浊，晶状体脱位，玻璃体积血，眼底出血、水肿、渗出，网膜脱离等。
2.眼球穿孔伤，相当于中医真睛破损。常合并眼内异物;并有眼痛、畏光流泪、视力急降。其严重程度视穿孔部位、大小及处理情况而定。穿破伤口是邪毒入侵的重要途径，部分会影响健眼，即西医学之交感性眼炎。
3.化学伤：化学物质进入眼内，即见眼疼痛，畏光流泪，结膜充血水肿，甚至灰白坏死，角膜混浊，尤其碱性烧伤更为严重。后期可形成角膜全血管翳，严重影响视力或失明。
4.电光性眼炎：指双眼受紫外线照射后一定潜伏期(6～8小时)，出现沙涩灼热疼痛，强烈畏光流泪，眼睑极度难睁。
0
在我们日常生活中各种各样的原因都能够诱发眼外伤这种疾病，就比如在日常生活中如果对一些化学物品使用不当的话，也能够诱发眼外伤，为了能够让大家对化学眼外伤做好预防工作，下面我们就来看一下，在生活中都有哪些化学物质能够诱发这种疾病？
\n1·药物引起的眼外伤多数是酸、碱以及有毒气体的化学性损伤 ,此类损伤多发生在化学药品生产和使用的工厂或实验室。但目前一般家庭中也常储存或使用一些化学制剂 ,这些化学制剂不小心溅入眼内 ,同样也会引起不同程度的眼外伤 ,必须加以注意并要了解应急处置方法。
\n2·可引起眼外伤的家庭用化学药品主要有各种除垢剂、餐具洗涤剂 (原液 )、便池清洁剂、消毒剂、染发剂、农药、万能胶或脚癣药水等等。根据药物种类不同对眼部的损伤程度也有所区别 ,轻则引起眼睑皮肤、角膜、结膜等处可逆性表面损伤 ,重则可累及眼内部 ,甚至可导致失明。
\n3·一旦化学药品溅入眼内不是马上送到医院 ,而是马上水洗 ,要争分夺秒就近找到水源 ,不间断冲洗使药物充分稀释和清除 ,时间最好坚持 30分钟以上 ,在冲洗同时拨打 1 20求助 ,并在电话中说明什么药品溅入眼内。如家中有 pH试纸 (测酸碱度的石蕊试纸 )可于结膜部位测试 ,直至达到中性为止。
\n4·家庭所用化学制剂 ,除少数 (如便池清洁剂、某些除垢剂、万能胶 )种类外 ,只要当时水洗充分一般预后良好。但应密切观察 ,有时当时感觉尚不严重 ,但损伤有可能向眼内部蔓延 ,因此必须去医院接受眼科医生检查和治疗。
\n专家向我们详细地总结了在家庭中能够诱发眼外伤的化学物品，希望家长们在日常生活中可以将这些东西放到孩子够不到的地方，避免孩子因为这些物品而患上眼外伤这种疾病，如果孩子不慎患病的话，家长还应该了解一些紧急的处理方法，避免延误孩子的治疗时机。
\n","barId":"1785","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":3},{"id":"10671","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"盘点儿童眼睛受伤原因 不同时期原因不同","content":"
小孩天性好奇，儿童时期也是较为多动的，并且，儿童的自我保护意识也较弱，很容易受到一些因素的影响，更容易导致身体各个部位、器官受到伤害，其中包括眼外伤。儿童时期眼部外伤比较常见，不同年龄其致伤因素也不相同。那儿童眼外伤的原因有哪些？找良医网告诉您：
![\"盘点儿童眼睛受伤原因](\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1515479112631.jpg\" "\\"盘点儿童眼睛受伤原因")
1、新生儿时期，多由于高位产钳、病理分娩或助产者操作不当而引起。
2、婴幼儿时期，常见原因是患儿自己的手指甲、玩具棱角或走路不稳跌倒碰伤所致。
3、学龄前儿童（3-7岁），多由于模仿大人做事，被刀、剪、锥等锐器损伤，或玩耍动物被抓伤、啄伤、螫伤等。
4、学龄儿童（7岁以后），户外活动增多，故受机会也随之增加，加上由于年小缺乏生活常识，在游戏中误伤自己或同学眼睛的事也屡见不鲜，如飞刀、放鞭炮、敲砸雷管、热水烫伤、化学灼伤以及辐射伤等均能见到。
找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！
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