{"nowTime30":1787700679978,"lyBarModerator":null,"metaSearch":{"description":"朋友的孩子刚出生，医生检查说是有先天性心脏病，朋友好后悔生孩子前没有好好检查发现，孩子是一生出来就先天缺陷，我想先帮他了解一下先天性心脏病是怎么引起的，希望能赶紧帮孩子治疗。","keywords":"先天性心脏病是怎么引起的_洞医","title":"先天性心脏病是怎么引起的_洞医","channels":null},"identificate":{"id":"694a92a2e9ed11e7a3d800163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1514259154100,"createBy":"e8f7486fbba411e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"1516932689@qq.com","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"e8f7486fbba411e7a3d800163e04584d","realName":"王瑞","certifiedStatus":2,"phone":"18201617331","email":"1516932689@qq.com","hospitalId":"14654","departmentId":"2032","illName":"冠心病","illId":"14fcc36fbadb11e6a61c00163e04584d","cardType":2,"cardImg":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1533708809392.jpg","idCardImg":"","identityType":2,"stop":0,"departmentName":"心血管内科","hospitalName":null},"canEdit":null,"adList":[],"lyBar":{"id":"1869","isDel":0,"createAt":1483430783289,"createBy":"system","createName":"system","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"name":"先天性心脏病","type":102,"twoCode":"http://zhao01.com/zly_img/zly_wx.jpg","image":null,"provinceId":null,"cityId":null,"illId":"31681667badb11e6a61c00163e04584d","hospitalId":null,"keyWord":null,"totleTopic":0,"barDesc":null,"discussBarType":null,"metaSearch":"{\"channels\":{\"病友社区\":{\"description\":\"为病友提供:先心病论坛_先天性心脏病论坛_病友交流平台，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"先心病论坛_先天性心脏病论坛_病友交流平台\",\"title\":\"先心病论坛_先天性心脏病论坛_病友交流平台\"},\"治疗\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:先天性心脏病治疗方法_先心病能治愈吗_先天性心脏病病友的治疗经验等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"先天性心脏病治疗方法_先心病能治愈吗\",\"title\":\"先天性心脏病治疗方法_先心病能治愈吗\"},\"症状\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:儿童先天性心脏病症状_新生儿先天性心脏病症状等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"儿童先天性心脏病症状_新生儿先天性心脏病症状\",\"title\":\"儿童先天性心脏病症状_新生儿先天性心脏病症状\"},\"并发症\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:先天性心脏病并发症_先心病手术后并发症等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"先天性心脏病并发症_先心病手术后并发症\",\"title\":\"先天性心脏病并发症_先心病手术后并发症\"},\"饮食\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:先天性心脏病吃什么好_先天性心脏病饮食注意等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"先天性心脏病吃什么好_先天性心脏病饮食注意\",\"title\":\"先天性心脏病吃什么好_先天性心脏病饮食注意\"},\"病因\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:先天性心脏病怎么回事_先天性心脏病怎么引起的病友的治疗经验等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"先天性心脏病怎么回事_先天性心脏病怎么引起的\",\"title\":\"先天性心脏病怎么回事_先天性心脏病怎么引起的\"},\"病友求助\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:免费治疗小儿先心病_得了心脏病能活多久病友的求助等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"免费治疗小儿先心病_得了心脏病能活多久\",\"title\":\"免费治疗小儿先心病_得了心脏病能活多久\"},\"预防\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:先心病是怎么造成的_先心病 可以预防吗等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"先心病是怎么造成的_先心病 可以预防吗\",\"title\":\"先心病是怎么造成的_先心病 可以预防吗\"}},\"description\":\"为您提供:先天性心脏病的原因、小儿先天性心脏病、先天性心脏病病友的治疗经验等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"先天性心脏病的原因_小儿先天性心脏病\",\"title\":\"先天性心脏病的原因_小儿先天性心脏病\"}","adInfo":null},"isLikeThisTopic":null,"lastTopics":[{"id":"1129","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"怎么预防先天性心脏病","content":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img title=\"1487685216842.jpeg\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1487685216842.jpeg\" alt=\"mp47909481_1449812707881_2_th.jpeg\" /></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋体;\">　　1.准妈妈在孕早期要积极预防风疹、流行性感冒，腮腺炎等病毒感染。避免接触放射线及一些有害物质。在医生指导下用药，避免服用对胎儿发育有影响的药物。&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋体;\"><br /> 　　2.准妈妈要戒掉不良嗜好，在孕期不吸烟，不饮酒。&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋体;\"><br /> 　　3.在怀孕早期尽量不要在电脑前、微波炉旁等磁场强的地方坐太长时间，因这时的胎儿还不稳定，各个器官还正在成形阶段，很可能造成宝宝先天性心脏病。&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋体;\"><br /> 　　4.不要接触宠物。因宠物身上的细菌及微生物也可能对宝宝有伤害。&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋体;\"><br /> 　　5.避免将心脏病遗传给孩子。如果本身有心脏病，要想全面了解先天性心脏病对结婚及生育的影响，也可以到心脏病专科去做检查，如做心脏B超，根据自己心脏病的类型，听一听医生的建议，进行遗传咨询。&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1869","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1036","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2},{"id":"4317","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"先天性心脏病儿童的术后护理——【找良医】","content":"<p style=\"text-align:center\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1487686716992.jpg\" title=\"1487686716992.jpg\" alt=\"timg (22).jpg\"/></span></strong></p><p><strong><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><br/></span></strong></p><p><strong><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">心理护理</span></strong></p><p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;虽然患儿的年龄比较小， 但是心理护理依然不能忽视， 承受着病痛的患儿心理上或多或少会受到一些负面影响， 所以减少先天性心脏病患儿心理创伤是护理工作中非常重要的一部分， 护理人员应该关心患儿的实际情况， 陪伴患儿一同玩耍， 鼓励患儿积极勇敢的与病魔作斗争， 使患儿积极配合手术， 建立良好的医护关系。&nbsp;</span></p><p><span style=\"font-family:Arial, 宋体\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px;\"><br/></span></span><strong><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">健康指导</span></strong></p><p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;在先天性心脏病患儿的整体护理中， 家庭护理也是非常关键的一环， 很多先天性心脏病患儿经过外科手术之后， 病情得到了很好的控制， 若病情无重大变化， 很多家庭会在这时选择出院。然而患儿如果没有得到良好的照顾是很难彻底康复的， 病情反反复复， 很容易会对患儿的治愈情况产生影响。所以家长要对患儿进行良好的照顾， 掌握先天性心脏病患儿的各种情况， 在日常生活中关注患儿， 如果条件允许还可以将患儿送进专门的康复培训班。此外， 家长在与患儿的相处过程中不用过分保护患儿， 会使患儿产生极深的依赖感， 这对患儿的健康成长是非常不利的。&nbsp;</span></p><p><span style=\"font-family:Arial, 宋体\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px;\"><br/></span></span><strong><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">饮食护理</span></strong></p><p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;先天性心脏病患儿的饮食一定要保证合理， 患儿在住院期间， 其饮食多由医生和护理人员的指导， 经过手术之后， 患儿往往会比以前吃的更多， 这种现象的出现对于患儿身体康复来说是非常有利的。但是很多家长并不了解患儿的实际情况， 鼓励患儿多吃， 饮食量远远超过患儿实际需要的量， 这时护理人员应该对其进行相应的指导， 保证患儿每天的进食量要适宜， 保证正常的营养摄入量。不要养成挑食的习惯， 最好可以各种营养都摄取， 这对先天性心脏病患儿的康复是非常有利的。&nbsp;</span></p>","barId":"1869","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2},{"id":"8452","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"哪些因素是会导致先天性心脏病呢","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1511946480706.jpg\" title=\"哪些因素是会导致先天性心脏病呢\" alt=\"哪些因素是会导致先天性心脏病呢\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">先天性心脏病的几大危险因素我国每年出生的婴儿约有</span>7‰至11‰为先天性心血管异常，给家庭和社会带来巨大的不幸和深重的负担。那么，哪些因素是会导致先天性心脏病呢？</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">母体因素：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、母亲怀孕早期患各类感染性疾病，尤其是病毒性感染，如风疹、水痘、流感、流行性腮腺炎等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、各种类型的糖尿病，尤其是在妊娠早期的胰岛素依赖型病人。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3、结缔组织疾病，如系统性红斑性狼疮，风湿性关节炎。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4、孕期接受某些药物或毒物影响：常见有苯丙胺、化学物质锂、三甲双酣、大伦丁、酒精、吸烟。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">5、高龄孕妇及不正常妊娠史：孕妇年龄大于35岁，其胎儿染色体畸变的机率增高。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">6、近亲婚配：近亲婚配是使胎儿致畸而发生先心病的高危因素。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">胎儿因素：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、常规产前超声检查发现胎儿心脏可疑异常。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、常规检查中发现以下器官的畸形，提示与先天性心脏病有较大关联：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">①、脑积水；</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">②、食道闭锁、十二指肠闭锁、空肠闭锁；</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">③、脐膨出、胃肠膨出；</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">④、肾脏发育不全；</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">⑤、膈疝。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3、染色体异常：染色体异常的胎儿中，先天性心脏病的发病率以第21对染色体三体即先天性愚型最高为50%，其他有18对染色体三体畸形、Tuner‘s综合征等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4、胎儿心律失常：胎儿心律失常包括心动过缓，心动过速和心律不齐。以上三种情形均为胎儿超声心动图检查的适应症。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">5、胎儿水肿：非溶血等免疫问题引起的胎儿水肿可能因心脏畸形或心功能不全引起。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">家族因素：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">本病有遗传因素存在。遗传学的研究认为，多数的先心病是多个基因与环境因素相互作用所形成。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1869","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1034","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2},{"id":"13246","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"心肌缺血病怎么治疗","content":"<p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">之前一直有</span></span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">胸闷</span></span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">、</span></span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心慌、心跳加速</span></span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">的情况</span></span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">，有时候还有头晕，</span></span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">一直没</span></span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">看过医生，自己</span></span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">一直</span></span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">吃</span></span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">的</span></span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">复方丹参片，去医院检查过</span></span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">一次说</span></span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">是心肌缺血</span></span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">，想先了解了解心肌缺血病怎么治疗比较好？希望给点有效的建议。</span></span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1869","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1033","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":3},{"id":"6183","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"精神方面一直不太好，心情也很差","content":"<p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">&nbsp; 有时说胡话，睡眠不好，吃不下饭，走路没劲，不爱和人交流，心里烦躁，懒惰。服用过精神方面的药，有四个月的时间，稍有好转，但最后一回吃时全身肿痛，后来停药，有心脏病，胆囊炎，做过胆囊切除手术，戴过心脏测量器，一直没发现其他问题。</span></span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1869","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2},{"id":"3659","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"先天性心脏病几种介入治疗的最新进展【找良医】","content":"<p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1487682233889.jpg\" title=\"1487682233889.jpg\" alt=\"timg (19).jpg\"/></p><p style=\"padding: 0px; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　先天性心脏病(先心病)发病率约1％，估计我国每年新增先心病患儿达15万左右，是小儿最常见的心脏病。对这些患儿，外科手术是传统的治疗方法，已有较丰富的经验和良好治疗效果，但外科手术需开胸和体外循环，对机体损伤较大，有一定手术并发症且留有瘢痕。&nbsp;</p><p style=\"padding: 0px; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><br/>　　近10年来，随着微创介入手术的飞速发展和介入器材设计的日趋合理，先心病的治疗方式正在发生重大转变。介入治疗已经不是外科治疗的补充与替代，对部分有适应证的患者已成为首选的治疗方案。目前先心病介入治疗技术可分为两类：①封堵术类：包括动脉导管未闭(PDA)封堵术、房间隔缺损(AsD)封堵术、室间隔缺损(VSD)封堵术、冠状动脉瘘封堵术、复杂发绀型先天性心脏病侧支循环封堵术等。②扩张术类：包括球囊房间隔造口术、瓣膜成形术(球囊肺动脉瓣成形术、球囊主动脉瓣成形术)及血管成形术(主动脉缩窄血管成形术、肺动脉分支狭窄血管成形术)等。本文就常见的先心病介入治疗简单介绍如下。&nbsp;<br/>　　&nbsp;<br/>　　动脉导管未闭(PDA)封堵术&nbsp;</p><p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1487682175789.jpg\" title=\"1487682175789.jpg\" alt=\"timg (17).jpg\"/></p><p style=\"padding: 0px; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　&nbsp;<br/>　　1967年Porstmann首先报道应用泡沫塑料经导管封堵PDA获得成功。此后不断有新的封堵装置问世，1992年Cambier等报道使用普通弹簧圈封堵直径＜2．5mmPDA，1997年Masura等报道应用Amplatzer蘑菇伞形动脉导管封堵器治疗PDA<sup style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px;\">[1]</sup>。上述两种装置操作简便，成功率高，输送鞘管细，前者适用于动脉导管内径＜2．5mm者，后者适用于＞2．5mm者。使用弹簧圈和蘑菇伞形封堵器几乎可治疗各种大小和形状的PDA。由于手术操作简单，安全性好，技术成功率高，并发症少，目前介入治疗已取代外科手术成为PDA首选的治疗方法。<br/></p><p style=\"padding: 0px; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">&nbsp;<br/>　　现在通常认为只要PDA患者未发生艾森曼格氏综合征，均可行封堵治疗。我国1998年引进Amplatzer技术。目前国内外普遍应用的是Amplatzer法及弹簧栓子法。&nbsp;</p><p style=\"padding: 0px; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><br/>　　动脉导管未闭(PDA)封堵术适应证　①Amplatzer法。适应证：左向右分流不合并需外科手术的心脏畸形的PDA；PDA最窄直径≥210 mm；年龄通常≥6个月，体重≥4 kg：外科术后残余分流。提示：≥14mm的PDA，其操作困难，成功率低，并发症多，应慎重。禁忌证：依赖PDA存在的心脏畸形；严重肺动脉高压并已导致右向左分流；败血症，封堵术前1个月内患有严重感染。②弹簧栓子法。适应证：左向右分流不合并需外科手术的心脏畸形的PDA；PDA最窄直径单个Cook栓子≤210 mm：单个pfm栓子≤3mm；年龄通常≥6个月，体重≥4kg；外科术后残余分流。禁忌证：窗型PDA：余同上。&nbsp;<br/>　　&nbsp;<br/>　　房间隔缺损(ASD)封堵术&nbsp;<br/>　　&nbsp;<br/>　　ASD是常见的先心病之一，其中继发孔缺损约84％。1990年Sideris等使用纽扣式补片装置封堵ASD，其输送鞘管细，可治疗30 m以内的ASD，经多中心应用，成功率约90％，但仍存在操作较复杂、术后残余分流发生率较高等缺点。1998年与以往设计思路不同的新型封堵器Amplatzer双盘型房间隔封堵器用于临床，该装置的“腰部”与ASD的直径相匹配，使封堵器不易发生移位，并降低残余分流发生率，两侧盘状结构在恢复记忆形状后可协助封堵ASD边缘部分，进一步减少残余分流。使用此型封堵器操作简便，且输送鞘管细，目前成为介入治疗ASD首选装置。经中期随访，成功率与外科手术相近，而并发症较少<sup style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px;\">[2]</sup>。目前介入治疗方法已很成熟，对有适应证的患者而言，已经成为其首选治疗方案。&nbsp;</p><p style=\"padding: 0px; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><br/>　　房间隔缺损(AsD)封堵术适应证①左向右分流的单纯继发孔ASD(包括多发性缺损)。②继发孔ASD并可介入治疗的其他先心病。③复杂先心病功能矫治术中需留存ASD或心房水平交通，以适应术后血流动力学变化，一旦血流动力学调整完成，需关闭ASD。④年龄＞1岁，体重＞8kg，ASD直径＜34mm，且房间隔最大伸展径比ASD直径大14mm以上，缺损边缘与房室瓣、冠状静脉窦、右上肺静脉开口距离＞4mm。因术后应用肝素或低分子肝素2次／d，口服阿司匹林3～5mg／(kg・d)，疗程4～6个月，故患者应能耐受抗凝治疗。&nbsp;</p><p style=\"padding: 0px; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><br/>　　根据目前国内近4000例统计，技术成功率98％以上，主要并发症有封堵器脱落和心包压塞，死亡率约0．2％。在操作中应特别注意避免自鞘管进入空气，以免引起冠状动脉气栓。一旦发生可吸氧，酌情使用血管扩张剂和阿托品。近年来又推出一种螺旋型Helex房间隔缺损封堵器，疗效有待进一步观察<sup style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px;\">[3]</sup>。&nbsp;<br/>　　&nbsp;<br/>　　室间隔缺损(VSD)封堵术&nbsp;<br/>　　&nbsp;<br/>　　VSD约占先心病的20％～30％。绝大部分VSD发生在膜部及膜周部，膜部及膜周部VSD近邻主动脉瓣、房室瓣及传导束等重要解剖结构，其封堵治疗易引起严重的并发症，因此在很长一段时间内介入治疗遇到了很大的困难。1988年Lock等<sup style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px;\">[4]</sup>首次应用Rashkind双面伞关闭VSD，1994年Sideris应用纽扣式补片装置关闭VSD成功，但由于操作复杂、并发症严重而未能推广应用。1999年Thanopoulos应用于ASD的Amplatzer封堵器进行改进后封闭肌部VSD成功，但肌部病例少。2000年镍钛合金膜部VSD封堵器应用于临床，因其具有操作简便、效果可靠、适应证广、安全性高等诸多优点，使VSD的介入治疗步入快速发展的新时代。&nbsp;</p><p style=\"padding: 0px; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><br/>　　VSD封堵术适应证　①左向右分流的膜周部或肌部VSD，直径＜14mm，无主动脉瓣脱垂及中度以上主动脉瓣反流，无梗阻性肺动脉高压及其他需外科手术治疗疾病。伴室间隔膜部瘤和(或)轻度三尖瓣反流者可选择。②外科手术后残留VSD。③年龄＞1岁，体重＞10 kg，缺损上缘距主动脉瓣(右冠瓣)＞1mm。禁忌证有活动性心内膜炎或引起菌血症的其他感染；心内有赘生物；导管插入途径有血栓形成；血管过细，输送鞘管难以插入；缺损解剖位置不良，封堵器置入后影响瓣膜功能等。膜周部ASD封堵术国内外已开展近千例，技术成功率97．5％，并发症发生率2．7％，主要有心脏传导阻滞、封堵器脱落、瓣膜反流等。&nbsp;<br/>　　&nbsp;<br/>　　经皮球囊瓣膜成形术&nbsp;<br/>　　&nbsp;<br/>　　经皮球囊肺动脉瓣成形术(PBPV)1982年由Kan等<sup style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px;\">[5]</sup>首先报道。20世纪80年代中期开始在我国各大城市陆续开展，现已成为取代外科手术、治疗肺动脉瓣狭窄(PS)首选方法，经长期随访，疗效优良率达99％<sup style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px;\">[6]</sup>。目前，这</p><p style=\"padding: 0px; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><br/></p><p style=\"padding: 0px; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><br/></p><p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">一疗法已取代外科手术成为治疗肺动脉瓣狭窄首选方法。可使用单球囊、双球囊或双叶球囊进行PBPV。双球囊扩张术主要用于年长儿或成人肺动脉瓣环直径较大，单一球囊难以达到疗效者；肺动脉瓣狭窄严重者，为保证安全，可先插入一根较小球囊，再行双球囊扩张；年龄小、血管细、单球囊插入困难者，可选两根较小球囊。&nbsp;</span></p><p><font face=\"Arial, 宋体\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px;\"><br/></span></font><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　PBPV适应证明确适应证：典型肺动脉瓣狭窄，心输出量正常时经心导管检查跨肺动脉瓣压差≥50mmHg。最佳年龄2～4岁，其余各年龄均可进行。相对适应证：①典型肺动脉瓣狭窄，心电图示右室大，右室造影示肺动脉扩张、射流征存在，但经心导管检查35mmHg≤跨肺动脉瓣压差＜50mm Hg者。②重症新生儿肺动脉瓣狭窄。③重症肺动脉瓣狭窄伴心房水平右向左分流。④轻、中度发育不良型肺动脉瓣狭窄。⑤典型肺动脉瓣狭窄伴有动脉导管未闭或房间隔缺损等先心病，可同时进行介入治疗者。&nbsp;</span></p><p><font face=\"Arial, 宋体\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px;\"><br/></span></font><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　经皮球囊主动脉瓣成形术(PBAV)　1983年Lababidi首先用单球囊治疗主动脉瓣狭窄，其适应证为左室与主动脉压力差≥50mmHg、非瓣膜发育不良型、无明显主动脉瓣反流主动脉瓣狭窄。可用单球囊或双球囊，所选球囊一般等于或稍小于主动脉瓣瓣环直径，以免造成主动脉瓣反流。&nbsp;</span></p><p><font face=\"Arial, 宋体\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px;\"><br/></span></font><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　PBAV适应证　明确适应证：典型主动脉瓣狭窄，心输出量正常时经导管检查跨主动脉瓣压差≥50 mm Hg，无或仅轻度主动脉瓣反流。相对适应证：①重症新生儿主动脉瓣狭窄。②隔膜型主动脉瓣下狭窄。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　展望&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　先心病的介入治疗真正成为介入心脏病学一个朝气蓬勃的领域。目前PDA、ASD、VSD等介入治疗已逐渐取代外科手术成为治疗的主流，同时随着介入器材和技术的成熟，先心病的治疗策略正在改变，对于复杂或重症先心病，介入和外科手术镶嵌治疗(hybrid approach)也逐渐成为趋势</span><sup style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: Arial, 宋体; line-height: 25.2px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">[7]</sup><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">。多种介入治疗技术，如球囊房间隔造口术(BAS)、瓣膜或血管内球囊成形或支架植入术、侧支血管栓塞术等，在一些重症或复杂先心病的治疗中具有重要临床应用价值。随着技术的成熟和器械的国产化，将能更好地推进先天性心脏病介入治疗的发展，使广大患者受益。&nbsp;</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1869","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2},{"id":"4625","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"家有萌宝患有先天性心脏病","content":"<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;font-family:宋体\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1487682582019.jpg\" title=\"1487682582019.jpg\" alt=\"timg (19).jpg\"/></span></p><p><span style=\"font-size:19px;font-family:宋体\"><br/></span></p><p><span style=\"font-size:19px\"></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;font-family:宋体\">　　先天性心脏病指患者在娘胎中发生的心脏病，主要是正常的心脏在发育过程中，由于种种原因造成了发育停滞或发育不全，导致心室、心房间隔缺损，动脉导管未闭，肺动脉瓣、主动脉瓣狭窄，法乐氏四联症，大血管错位等。</span><span style=\"font-size:19px\">&nbsp;<br/> &nbsp;<br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;font-family:宋体\">　　我国每年出生的婴儿中约有</span><span style=\"font-size:19px\">7</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;font-family:宋体\">％－</span><span style=\"font-size:19px\">11</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;font-family: 宋体\">％为先天性心血管异常。大约有</span><span style=\"font-size:19px\">1/2</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;font-family: 宋体\">的患儿因严重心脏畸形在出生后一年内死亡。幸存者在生长发育的各年龄阶段反复出现呼吸道感染，发育障碍。轻者早期可无症状，但心前区杂音将影响患儿的升学和就业，若不进行治疗，最终会导致肺动脉高压、心脏扩大、心力衰竭；有的还会并发心内膜炎、血管栓塞和高血压等，危及生命。</span><span style=\"font-size:19px\">&nbsp;<br/> </span>　　<span style=\"font-size:19px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p><strong><span style=\"font-size:19px;font-family:宋体\">家长如何判断孩子得了先天性心脏病：</span><span style=\"font-size:19px\">&nbsp;</span></strong><span style=\"font-size:19px\"><br/> </span>　　<span style=\"font-size:19px\">&nbsp;<br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;font-family:宋体\">　　先天性心脏病的种类达几十种甚至上百种，病情表现各不相同。常见的表现有呼吸困难、心跳加快、发育差，部分患者出现口唇发紫，即临床上所说的紫绀。绝大部分患儿都能听到心脏杂音。大部分孩子容易患感冒、肺炎。当家长发现孩子有这些表现时，应及时到医院做检查。常用检查为彩超，必要时做心血管造影。</span><span style=\"font-size:19px\">&nbsp;<br/> </span>　　<span style=\"font-size:19px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p><strong><span style=\"font-size:19px;font-family:宋体\">孩子患有先天性心脏病家长怎么办</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;font-family:宋体\">：</span></strong><span style=\"font-size:19px\"><br/> </span>　　<span style=\"font-size:19px\">&nbsp;<br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;font-family:宋体\">　　一旦确诊孩子为先天性心脏病，应及时就诊。绝大多数先天性心脏病已成为可治愈的疾病。治愈后的儿童能参加正常学习和一般的体育活动。但由于有些患儿的家长疏忽，延迟就医，疾病晚期失去手术治疗机会，或并发心肺功能不全，增加手术的难度和危险性。</span><span style=\"font-size:19px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p><span style=\"font-size:19px\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;font-family:宋体\">　　对于患有先心病的患儿，家长该怎么办</span><span style=\"font-size:19px\">?</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;font-family:宋体\">①不要抱着</span><span style=\"font-size:19px\">“</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;font-family: 宋体\">等大一点再治</span><span style=\"font-size:19px\">”</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;font-family: 宋体\">的想法，应及早带着孩子到医院进行详细检查，以确定心脏畸形的性质、程度及适合手术的年龄。②即使孩子仅有心脏杂音而无明显症状，也不能疏忽大意，应定期到医院检查，以了解杂音的变化及心肺负荷的情况。必要时考虑手术，预防心内膜炎的发生。③对于因年龄需要等待手术时机的患儿，要注意预防感冒，培养刷牙的好习惯，保持口腔清洁卫生，发现蛀牙、扁桃体炎要积极治疗，避免剧烈体育运动。</span><span style=\"font-size:19px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p><span style=\"font-size:19px\"><br/> </span><span style=\"font-size:19px;font-family:宋体\">　　先天性心脏病治疗有内科介入治疗和外科手术治疗两种办法。根据疾病种类及病情，由专科医生确定采用何种方法。</span></p>","barId":"1869","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2},{"id":"6644","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"专家向您解答  先天性心脏病是怎么回事  病理病因是什么","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网向您详细介绍先</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">天性心脏病的病理病因</span></strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">，先天性心脏病主要是由什么原因引起的。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1509514885208.jpg\" title=\"专家向您解答  先天性心脏病是怎么回事  病理病因是什么\" alt=\"专家向您解答  先天性心脏病是怎么回事  病理病因是什么\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/><br/><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">主要病因：遗传因素，环境因素，感染病毒，环境污染，射线辐射。由于胎儿心脏在发育过程中受到干扰，使部分发育停顿或缺陷，以及部分该退化者未能完全退化所致。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">一、胎儿周围环境因素。妊娠早期子宫内病毒感染，以风疹病毒感染后多见，常引起动脉导管未闭及肺动脉口狭窄，其次为柯萨奇病毒感染（</span>Coxsakie ）可引起心内膜弹力纤维增生症，此外羊膜病变，胎儿周围机械压迫，母体营养障碍，维生素缺乏及代谢病，母体用细胞毒类药物或较长时间放射线照射，均可能与本病发生有关。 </span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">二、遗传因素。</span>5％先心病患者发生于同一家族，其病种相同或近似，可能由于基因异常或染色体畸变所致。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">三、其他。高原地区动脉导管未闭及房间隔缺损发病率较高，发生可能与缺氧有关。有些先心病有性别倾向性。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><br/></p>","barId":"1869","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2}],"pageObj":{"list":[{"id":"367bd2c62f2a11e8a3d800163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1521871898383,"createBy":"15a36d262e6411e8a3d800163e04584d","createName":"2867818884@qq.com","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"15a36d262e6411e8a3d800163e04584d","targetUserId":null,"topicId":"13245","replyPid":null,"reply":"<p style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 200%; text-indent: 28px; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; -ms-text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\"line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">你好，</span></span><span style=\"line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">心脏病是遗传和环境因素等复杂关系相互作用的结果，下列因素可能影响到胎儿的发育而产生先天性性畸形</span></span><span style=\"line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">：</span></span><span style=\"line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;\">1.胎儿发育的环境因素：(1)感染，妊娠前三个月患病毒或细菌感染,尤其是风疹病毒，其次是柯萨奇病毒，其出生的婴儿先天性心脏病的发病率较高。(2)其它：如羊膜的病变，胎儿受压，妊娠早期先兆流产，母体营养不良、糖尿病、苯酮尿、高血钙，放射线和细胞毒性药物在妊娠早期的应用，母亲年龄过大等均有使胎儿发生先天性心脏病的可能。</span><span style=\"line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">希望孩子能尽快好起来。</span></span></p><p></p>","floor":1,"isAdopt":0,"type":0}],"list4Map":null,"pageBegin":0,"pageSize":5,"pageNumber":1,"totalPage":1,"totalRow":1},"loginUser":null,"replies":[{"id":"367bd2c62f2a11e8a3d800163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1521871898383,"createBy":"15a36d262e6411e8a3d800163e04584d","createName":"2867818884@qq.com","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"15a36d262e6411e8a3d800163e04584d","targetUserId":null,"topicId":"13245","replyPid":null,"reply":"<p style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 200%; text-indent: 28px; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; -ms-text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\"line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">你好，</span></span><span style=\"line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">心脏病是遗传和环境因素等复杂关系相互作用的结果，下列因素可能影响到胎儿的发育而产生先天性性畸形</span></span><span style=\"line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">：</span></span><span style=\"line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;\">1.胎儿发育的环境因素：(1)感染，妊娠前三个月患病毒或细菌感染,尤其是风疹病毒，其次是柯萨奇病毒，其出生的婴儿先天性心脏病的发病率较高。(2)其它：如羊膜的病变，胎儿受压，妊娠早期先兆流产，母体营养不良、糖尿病、苯酮尿、高血钙，放射线和细胞毒性药物在妊娠早期的应用，母亲年龄过大等均有使胎儿发生先天性心脏病的可能。</span><span style=\"line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">希望孩子能尽快好起来。</span></span></p><p></p>","floor":1,"isAdopt":0,"type":0,"nickNameHead":null,"targetHead":null,"username":null,"nickName":null,"nickNameId":null,"targetNickName":null,"targetId":null,"targetUsername":null,"topicTitle":null,"forumUser":{"id":"15a36d262e6411e8a3d800163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1521786802937,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"2867818884@qq.com","password":"wrj123123","level":0,"nickName":"找良医用户_85568","realName":null,"signName":null,"head":null,"phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2867818884@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":5,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":0,"provinceId":null,"cityId":null,"userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":0},"forumUserActiveInfo":{"id":"15aea7812e6411e8a3d800163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":1527055718808,"updateBy":"15a36d262e6411e8a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"2867818884@qq.com","userId":"15a36d262e6411e8a3d800163e04584d","topicCount":0,"replayCount":155,"favorteCount":0,"beFavorteCount":0,"creamCount":0,"focusCount":0,"fansCount":0,"integralCount":0,"foodCouponCount":10,"lastLoginTime":0,"lastLoginIp":null,"downloadCount":0,"uploadCount":0},"forumUserIdentificateDto":null,"forumUserFans":null,"lyClickLike":null,"likeClicks":0,"noLikeClicks":0,"checkcode":null,"replyPidReply":null}],"forumUserFans":null,"herfList":[],"only":"0","topic":{"id":"13245","isDel":0,"createAt":1521871763421,"createBy":"e8f7486fbba411e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"1516932689@qq.com","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"e8f7486fbba411e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"先天性心脏病是怎么引起的","content":"<p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">朋友的孩子刚出生，医生检查说是有先天性心脏病，朋友好后悔生孩子前没有好好检查发现，孩子是一生出来就先天缺陷，我想先帮他了解一下先天性心脏病是怎么引起的，希望能赶紧帮孩子治疗。</span></span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1869","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1033","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1340,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":1,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1521871763423,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1521871898396,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},"userAllInfo":{"id":null,"isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":null,"password":null,"level":0,"nickName":null,"realName":null,"signName":null,"head":null,"phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":null,"address":null,"identityType":0,"userType":0,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":0,"provinceId":null,"cityId":null,"userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":0,"forumUser":{"id":"e8f7486fbba411e7a3d800163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1509170261557,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"王可可","password":"wrj123123","level":0,"nickName":"搁浅","realName":null,"signName":"总有一天你的努力会收获","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1520299822787.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"1516932689@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":7,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"forumUserActiveInfo":{"id":"e8fcc8c5bba411e7a3d800163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":1532599744412,"updateBy":"e8f7486fbba411e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"1516932689@qq.com","userId":"e8f7486fbba411e7a3d800163e04584d","topicCount":3583,"replayCount":47,"favorteCount":0,"beFavorteCount":0,"creamCount":0,"focusCount":0,"fansCount":0,"integralCount":6027,"foodCouponCount":8120,"lastLoginTime":0,"lastLoginIp":null,"downloadCount":0,"uploadCount":0},"newPass":null,"focusBar":null,"counter":null,"forumUserIdentificateDto":null},"theme":{"id":"1033","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"topicTypeId":"2","topicTypeName":"治疗","themeName":"病友求助","barType":"102","schemaName":2,"reward":1},"page":1,"favorties":true,"isSelf":false,"order":"asc"}