{"nowTime30":1782356268989,"lyBarModerator":null,"metaSearch":{"description":"关于医疗纠纷的必知法律知识有哪些？下面主要介绍十大必知医疗纠纷法律常识，包括医疗事故及其分级、患者的权利、发生医疗事故争议时需要封存的病历资料、什么是误诊、手术中常见的医疗过失等。一、医疗事故及其分级医疗事故是指医疗机构及其医务人员在医疗活动中，违反医疗卫生管理法律、行政法规、部门规章和诊疗规范、护","keywords":"医疗纠纷的必知法律知识有哪些_洞医","title":"医疗纠纷的必知法律知识有哪些_洞医","channels":null},"identificate":{"id":"694a92a2e9ed11e7a3d800163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1514259154100,"createBy":"e8f7486fbba411e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"1516932689@qq.com","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"e8f7486fbba411e7a3d800163e04584d","realName":"王瑞","certifiedStatus":2,"phone":"18201617331","email":"1516932689@qq.com","hospitalId":"14654","departmentId":"2032","illName":"冠心病","illId":"14fcc36fbadb11e6a61c00163e04584d","cardType":2,"cardImg":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1533708809392.jpg","idCardImg":"","identityType":2,"stop":0,"departmentName":"心血管内科","hospitalName":null},"canEdit":null,"adList":[],"lyBar":{"id":"1025","isDel":0,"createAt":1483430570018,"createBy":"system","createName":"system","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"name":"垂体瘤","type":102,"twoCode":"http://zhao01.com/zly_img/zly_wx.jpg","image":null,"provinceId":null,"cityId":null,"illId":"6eb86669bb5f11e6a61c00163e04584d","hospitalId":null,"keyWord":null,"totleTopic":0,"barDesc":null,"discussBarType":null,"metaSearch":"{\"channels\":{\"病友社区\":{\"description\":\"为病友提供:垂体瘤论坛_病友交流平台_病友论坛，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"垂体瘤论坛_病友交流平台_病友论坛\",\"title\":\"垂体瘤论坛_病友交流平台_病友论坛\"},\"治疗\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:脑垂体瘤的治疗方法_垂体瘤手术治疗方法_垂体瘤最好的治疗方法等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"脑垂体瘤的治疗方法_垂体瘤手术治疗方法_垂体瘤最好的治疗方法\",\"title\":\"脑垂体瘤的治疗方法_垂体瘤手术治疗方法_垂体瘤最好的治疗方法\"},\"症状\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:脑部垂体瘤症状是什么_脑垂体瘤有哪些症状_垂体瘤复发的症状等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"脑部垂体瘤症状是什么_脑垂体瘤有哪些症状_垂体瘤复发的症状\",\"title\":\"脑部垂体瘤症状是什么_脑垂体瘤有哪些症状_垂体瘤复发的症状\"},\"并发症\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:脑垂体瘤后遗症_脑垂体瘤手术后遗症_垂体瘤微创手术后遗症等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"脑垂体瘤后遗症_脑垂体瘤手术后遗症_垂体瘤微创手术后遗症\",\"title\":\"脑垂体瘤后遗症_脑垂体瘤手术后遗症_垂体瘤微创手术后遗症\"},\"饮食\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:脑垂体瘤不能吃什么_吃什么治疗垂体瘤_脑垂体瘤术后吃什么等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"脑垂体瘤不能吃什么_吃什么治疗垂体瘤_脑垂体瘤术后吃什么\",\"title\":\"脑垂体瘤不能吃什么_吃什么治疗垂体瘤_脑垂体瘤术后吃什么\"},\"病因\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:垂体瘤怎么得的_脑垂体瘤是怎么回事_长脑垂体瘤的原因等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"垂体瘤怎么得的_脑垂体瘤是怎么回事_长脑垂体瘤的原因\",\"title\":\"垂体瘤怎么得的_脑垂体瘤是怎么回事_长脑垂体瘤的原因\"},\"病友求助\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:脑垂体瘤不治疗可以吗_垂体瘤能治好吗_脑垂体瘤能活多久等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"脑垂体瘤不治疗可以吗_垂体瘤能治好吗_脑垂体瘤能活多久\",\"title\":\"脑垂体瘤不治疗可以吗_垂体瘤能治好吗_脑垂体瘤能活多久\"},\"预防\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:垂体瘤术后如何不复发_怎样预防垂体瘤等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"垂体瘤术后如何不复发_怎样预防垂体瘤\",\"title\":\"垂体瘤术后如何不复发_怎样预防垂体瘤\"}},\"description\":\"为您提供:泌乳素垂体瘤症状_垂体瘤术后能要孩子吗_垂体瘤手术后注意事项_垂体瘤病友的治疗经验等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"泌乳素垂体瘤症状_垂体瘤术后能要孩子吗_垂体瘤手术后注意事项\",\"title\":\"泌乳素垂体瘤症状_垂体瘤术后能要孩子吗_垂体瘤手术后注意事项\"}","adInfo":null},"isLikeThisTopic":null,"lastTopics":[{"id":"13832","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"垂体微腺瘤能活多久","content":"<p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">本人泌乳素高，查出来微腺瘤</span>0.4*0.6过一年后怀孕生宝宝，现在孩子一岁一个月，还没断奶，现在应该怎么办？请问垂体微腺瘤能活多久？</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1033","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":10},{"id":"26224","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"切除气管后的影响大吗","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">切除气管后的影响大吗，</span></span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">有</span></span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:19px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">后遗症吗，本来是观察观察现在不用切、今天医院来了个专家说最好早点切了。</span> </span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":11},{"id":"2571","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"早期脑垂体瘤如何诊断？","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　对于脑垂体瘤这种疾病一般在确诊的时候，都是经过了相关的方式进行检查的，对于脑垂体瘤的的检查方法，大家是不是都了解呢？本文就来为大家分析一下关于脑垂体瘤确诊都有哪些方式，以下将要介绍的这些检查方法，具体的介绍看看下文吧。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　<strong style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51);\">　1、临床表现诊断：</strong></p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; 病人患病后不适症状，身体的变化，都是诊断最基本的资料。一些细微表现都可能作为重要的诊断和鉴别诊断的依据</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　<strong style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51);\">　2、内分泌检查：</strong></p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; 由于多数垂体瘤具有分泌激素的功能，在临床表现不明显，影像学尚不能提示有肿瘤时，垂体瘤激素已经发生改变。一些垂体瘤病例单纯靠内分泌检测即可做确诊。例如ACTH细胞腺瘤，多数病例从影像学上看不到肿瘤 。罕见的移位垂体瘤位于胸腔内，腹腔内等部位，主要依据内分泌来诊断。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\"><strong style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51);\">　　3、影像学检查：</strong></p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; (1)头颅X线平片：这是比较原始的诊断方法，根据蝶鞍骨质的变化 、鞍区钙化等变化判断有无肿瘤及鉴别诊断。(2)CT扫描：仅对大型垂体瘤有诊断价值，微小垂体瘤容易漏诊，不能作为诊断垂体瘤的主要工具。(3)MRI检查：是诊断垂体瘤最重要的工具，可以清楚地肿瘤的大小，形态，位置，与周围结果的关系。即使直径2-3毫米的肿瘤也可以显示出。但还有部分肿瘤的信号与周围正常垂体组织近似。两者难以区分，还需要结合临床表现和内分泌检查进行诊断。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\"><strong style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51);\">　　4、病理学检查：</strong></p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; 这是最为可靠的诊断方法，误诊率很低。病理诊断分普通切片HE染色光镜观察，这种手术只能作为大体诊断，不能分出肿瘤的类型。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　脑垂体瘤是很常见的脑肿瘤疾病，脑垂体瘤是生长在脑垂体上的良性肿瘤，虽然是良性但不及时治疗会危机到生命。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　脑垂体周围神经组织受压。患者会出现持续性的头痛、视力减退、视野缺损和眼底改变、精神异常，严重的病人还会出现脑积水，直接威胁生命。</p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":4},{"id":"1234","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"垂体瘤的早期症状有哪些","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　对于垂体瘤这种脑部肿瘤疾病，大家了解多少呢！它给患者的身体带来很大的伤害，不仅如此，而且给家庭带来很大的经济压力，因此我们要多了解这种疾病的有关知识，才能够做到早发现、早治疗，争取在早期治愈垂体瘤，远离他给我们带来的伤害。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　垂体瘤的早期症状都有哪些?主要有以下几点：</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　1、垂体后叶及丘脑下部受累。肿瘤影响垂体后叶或丘脑下部则可产生嗜唾、多饮、多尿、体温低下以及水、电解质及脂肪代谢障碍等。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　2、垂体瘤的症状表现有哪些?视神经受压。由于肿瘤生长在蝶鞍内，向上发展则压迫视交叉或视神经而造成视力、视野的改变，90%以上的病人都有视力减退，也可为单眼视力减退，甚至造成一目或双目失明。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　3、内分泌及代谢障碍。垂体腺内分泌功能很复杂，主要是在中枢神经的支配下，通过内分泌控制人体的生长、发育、物质代谢及性器官、性功能等生理活动的调节。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　4、垂体瘤的症状表现有哪些?垂体功能低下。垂体功能低下的程度与正常垂体腺细胞受压的程度有关。由于垂体前叶机能低下以致其所控制的内分泌腺萎缩，表现多方面的功能障碍：①性功能低下及第二性征的改变;②甲状腺功能减退;③肾上腺皮质功能减退。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　5、垂体功能亢进。嗜酸性细胞能产生生长激素及催乳激素。嗜碱性细胞产生促甲状腺激素、促肾上腺激素及促性腺激素等。因此，这类肿瘤可造成垂体功能亢进，尤其是在早期。嗜酸性腺瘤虽可有生长激素分泌过多，但又可挤压嗜碱性细胞，造成其功能低下。</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1025","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":4}],"pageObj":{"list":[],"list4Map":null,"pageBegin":0,"pageSize":5,"pageNumber":0,"totalPage":0,"totalRow":0},"loginUser":null,"replies":[],"forumUserFans":null,"herfList":[],"only":"0","topic":{"id":"14456","isDel":0,"createAt":1530606244920,"createBy":"e8f7486fbba411e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"王可可","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"e8f7486fbba411e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"医疗纠纷的必知法律知识有哪些","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">关于医疗纠纷的必知法律知识有哪些？下面主要介绍十大必知医疗纠纷法律常识，包括医疗事故及其分级、患者的权利、发生医疗事故争议时需要封存的病历资料、什么是误诊、手术中常见的医疗过失等。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\"><br/></span></span></p><p style=\"text-indent: 28px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1530607069398.jpg\" title=\"医疗纠纷的必知法律知识有哪些\" alt=\"医疗纠纷的必知法律知识有哪些\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">一、医疗事故及其分级</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">医疗事故是指医疗机构及其医务人员在医疗活动中，违反医疗卫生管理法律、行政法规、部门规章和诊疗规范、护理规范，过失造成患者人身损害的事故。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">医疗事故分四级：一级医疗事故是指造成患者死亡、重度残疾；二级医疗事故是指造成患者中度残疾、器官组织损伤导致严重功能障碍的；三级医疗事故是指造成患者轻度残疾、器官组织损伤导致一般功能障碍的；四级医疗事故是指造成患者明显人身损害的其他后果。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">二、患者的权利</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">患者有权复印或复制自己的门诊病历、住院志、体温单、遗嘱单、化验单</span>(检验报告)、医学影像检查资料、特殊检查同意书、手术同意书、手术及麻醉记录单、病理资料、护理记录。</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">三、发生医疗事故争议时需要封存的病历资料</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">死亡病历讨论记录、疑难病历讨论记录、上级医师查房记录、会诊意见、病程记录。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">四、什么是误诊</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">误诊是错误的诊断，表现为未能诊断、错误诊断、漏诊。误诊并不一定都是医疗事故。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">五、手术中常见的医疗过失</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、手术前对手术治疗准备工作不足，未做必要的化验和检查，盲目开刀手术；</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、手术前对手术区的备皮不严格，造成手术后伤口的化脓感染；</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3、手术前考虑不充分，未做输血准备工作，造成手术中急需输血时措手不及而造成不良后果；</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4、手术时划错手术部位开错刀；</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">5、手术前麻醉失败；</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">6、手术前未对患者做详细的内科检查，未排除手术禁忌症。</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">六、什么是医疗过失责任程度？它与赔偿金额的关系？</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">医疗过失责任程度，是指医疗过失行为在医疗事故损害后果中的责任比重，是医疗事故赔偿金额考虑的因素之一。《医疗事故技术鉴定暂行办法》规定医疗过失责任程度分为完全责任、主要责任、次要责任、轻微责任。司法实践中通常借鉴法医学的</span>“损伤参与度”的分级标准来确定过错方的责任程度。</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">损伤参与度分级标准是：第一等级，死亡、后遗障碍完全是损伤所致，损伤参与度</span>100%；第二等级，死亡、后遗障碍是损伤和既往疾病共同作用的结果，但损伤是主要因素，损伤参与度75%；第三等级，死亡、后遗障碍是损伤和疾病共同作用的结果，两者作用程度等同，损伤参与度50%；第四等级，死亡、后遗障碍是损伤和疾病共同所致的结果，但疾病是主要因素，损伤参与度25%；第五等级，死亡、后遗障碍完全是由于疾病导致的结果，损伤作用可以排除，损伤参与度是0%。</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">七、什么是行政调解、行政调解能否反悔？医患双方达成的医疗损害赔偿协议是否可以反悔？</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">医疗事故行政调解是指医疗事故争议发生后，在卫生行政部门的主持下，根据自愿合法原则促使医疗机构和患者友好协商达成对医疗事故赔偿的和解协议。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">行政调解不具有强制执行的效力，一方可以反悔。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">医患双方达成的赔偿协议属于合同的一种，其效力适用合同法有关规定。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">八、医疗纠纷诉讼的时效</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">医疗纠纷的诉讼时效是一年，从患者</span>(患者死亡的，为患者近亲属)知道或应当知道权利被侵害之日起计算。</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">这里的应当知道权利被侵害是指客观上存在着知道的条件和可能，不管当事人是否已经知道，均推定为知道权利受到侵害。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">人身损害赔偿的诉讼时效期间，伤害明显的，从受伤之日起计算，伤害当时未曾发现，后经检查确诊并能证明是由侵害引起的，从伤势确诊之日起算。</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">九、患方在起诉前的准备工作</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、委托律师代理诉讼的，签订聘请律师合同和授权委托书，并交纳律师费；</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、向律师或法院提交以下材料：</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(1)患方身份及亲属关系证明，包括身份证复印件，若患方死亡或不具有完全行为能力，则需要法定继承人或法定代理人(配偶、父母、子女、兄弟姐妹等)身份证及户口本；</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(2)病历资料复印件，含患者门诊病历、住院志或入院记录、体温单、医嘱单、化验单或检验报告、医学影像检查资料、特殊检查同意书、手术意见书、手术同意书、手术及麻醉记录单、病理资料、护理记录、出院(死亡)小结等；</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(3)患者或患者家属的误工证明，有工作单位的由单位出具工资及缺勤证明，无工作单位的由居委会或村委会出具无业证明；</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(4)相关费用单据、清单。如医疗费、护理费、营养费、交通费、伤残等级证明及残疾用具费、丧葬费、伤残或死亡的要提供患者实际抚养或赡养的无其他生活来源者的户籍证明。</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(5)其他如有关专家意见、证人证言、鉴定结论等。</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">十、医疗事故中患方要注意收集的证据材料</span></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、尽早复制客观病历材料，封存主观性病历材料；</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、及时要求进行尸检，以查明患者的死因。根据《医疗事故处理条例》规定，患者死亡的，医患双方不能确定死因或对死因有异议的应当在患者死亡后48小时内进行尸检；具备尸体冻存条件的可以延长至7日。因此患者家属应当摈弃封建迷信思想，及时要求尸检，一旦因患者家属拖延尸检而影响死因判定的，患者家属将承担不利后果。</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3、注意收集证人证言。</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span 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