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style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1486432650963.png\" title=\"1486432650963.png\" alt=\"8730b9659ad5406889e28601ccadcaeb.png\"/></p><p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　多囊卵巢综合征患病率约为育龄女性的6%~10%。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"color:#ffffff\">中国论文网 http://www.xzbu.com/6/view-2784688.htm</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　以往的治疗多以手术和调经为主,但往往“治标不治本”,只有纠正内分泌异常,才能真正遏制病情的发展。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　暑假期间,来就诊的女大学生和都市年轻女性明显增多,表面上大多是来看月经紊乱的,其实背后另有隐情……&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　紧张的工作、学习和生活,使当代年轻女性身心承受着越来越大的压力。而月经周期是上帝赐予女性的判断内分泌是否正常特有的风向标,月经紊乱是许多疾病的最早症状,应引起充分的重视,尤其育龄女性更应警惕多囊卵巢综合征 。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　多囊卵巢综合征是年轻女性常见的内分泌疾病,临床上常见的症状主要是月经紊乱、肥胖、多毛及性征改变,且在不同时期以不同的首发症状出现,实验室检查可发现雄激素升高且常伴有高胰岛素血症,以及垂体激素分泌异常,肥胖女性更容易发生,而且患病后可使体重进一步增加,其临床症状的出现也不尽相同,有下列表现的女性要及时去医院就诊:&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　1.月经不规则因雄性激素分泌过多,故出现不正常排卵,造成月经稀发,或根本不排卵的闭经。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　2.不孕或习惯性流产月经不规则和雄激素的增多使患者很难怀孕并易于流产。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　3.肥胖30%～60%的多囊卵巢综合征患者同时患有肥胖症,多由高胰岛素血症所致,且易罹患2型糖尿病。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　4.痤疮及多毛脸部及背部青春痘久治不愈,甚至面部、胸前、手臂及腿部多毛。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　5.黑棘皮病颈后及腋下皮肤色素沉着,伴表皮乳头瘤样改变和过度角化。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　正常女性在月经初期的卵泡为10个左右,只有一个卵泡能在14天后形成成熟卵泡并排卵,其他的卵泡不是退化,便是暂不发育,等待下一个周期。多囊卵巢综合征患者的卵巢中有很多小而不成熟的卵泡,但无法发育成熟正常排卵,便在卵巢内机化和形成囊泡,影响卵巢的正常功能,导致持续性不排卵,造成不孕。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　早期发现、早期治疗,可以及时处理和纠正代谢异常,恢复正常的生理功能。以往的治疗多以手术和调经为主,但往往“治标不治本”,只有纠正内分泌异常,才能真正遏制病情的发展。目前,内分泌治疗多采用雄激素拮抗剂、胰岛素增敏剂等来改变激素水平的异常,减重、改变饮食习惯往往也可得到理想的效果。对长期不排卵的患者,可采用人工周期的方法来恢复正常的月经周期,防止卵巢囊肿的形成,但上述治疗都需要在专科医生的指导下进行。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　温馨提醒&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　年轻女性和已经初潮女孩的父母,如果发现自己或孩子月经出现异常变化,如女孩初潮提前且周期不正常,停经(囊泡形成不排卵),久治不愈的痤疮,四肢毛发增多、性征改变(雄激素增多),颈后及腋下肤色变黑、粗糙(黑棘皮病)以及体重增加明显、食欲旺盛(高胰岛素血症)等,都要及时就诊。</span></p>","barId":"1847","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1036","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2},{"id":"2084","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"多囊卵巢综合征患者的健康教育","content":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img title=\"1486432548152.png\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1486432548152.png\" alt=\"8730b9659ad5406889e28601ccadcaeb.png\" /></p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: #ffffff;\">　　多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）是由生殖内分泌和代谢功能异常导致的排卵障碍性疾病，在育龄妇女中发病率5%～10%，在无排卵的不孕症患者中约70%。PCOS临床表现呈现高度异质性和复杂性，不仅影响生殖内分泌功能，而且易发较严重的远期并发症</span><sup style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: Arial, 宋体; line-height: 25.2px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;\">[1]</sup><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: #ffffff;\">。可以说PCOS是影响妇女一生的疾病，远期影响包括子宫内膜癌、2型糖尿病及其相关的心血管疾病、脂代谢异常和高血压</span><sup style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: Arial, 宋体; line-height: 25.2px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;\">[2]</sup><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: #ffffff;\">。2010年1月～2011年1月对67例多囊卵巢综合征患者进行健康教育，旨在帮助患者改变生活方式、控制PCOS的疾病状态、规范用药，认识疾病的远期危害。</span><br /><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: #ffffff;\">　　资料与方法</span><br /><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: #ffffff;\">　　2010年1月～2011年1月收治多囊卵巢综合征患者67例，年龄21～38岁，平均29岁。所有患者均符合2003年欧洲人类生殖和胚胎学会和美国生殖医学学会（ESHRE/ASRM）在鹿特丹会议上推荐的提出的诊断标准，该诊断标准为以下3项标准中的至少2项：①少数或无排卵；②临床和（或）生化有高雄激素的表现；③超声检查发现多囊性卵巢和除外其他疾病（如肾上腺皮质增生、库欣综合征和雄激素分泌肿瘤等）</span><sup style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-family: Arial, 宋体; line-height: 25.2px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;\">[3]</sup><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: #ffffff;\">。</span><br /><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: #ffffff;\">　　方法：由医师对患者做出诊断、提出治疗计划，然后由经过培训的护士对患者一对一交谈。对文化程度较高、对医学知识接受能力较强者提供书面资料。公开科室电话，提供电话咨询。对复诊患者进行效果评价。</span><br /><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: #ffffff;\">　　健康教育内容：⑴指导患者调整生活方式：多囊卵巢综合征中，肥胖是一个常见的特征。随着人群中肥胖比率的增加，PCOS中的肥胖比例亦增加。已经有几项研究报道了PCOS肥胖的比例从42%增加到近70%。本组67例PCOS患者BMI&ge;25kg/m.2 46例。研究表明，对于肥胖性PCOS患者，仅仅单纯的体重减轻就可以明显改善PCOS患者的内分泌和代谢指标，50%的PCOS患者可以自行恢复排卵和受孕。首先与患者共同分析其不良的饮食、生活习惯，让其认识到改变生活方式、控制体重是治疗PCOS即经济又无不良反应的基础治疗，可以改善生殖功能，预防远期并发症。然后与患者一起制定运动、饮食控制方案，要求BMI&ge;25kg/m.2的患者，每天至少快步走1小时以上，可以在上、下班路上或晚上时间完成。饮食要低热量、低碳水化合物、高纤维、高蛋白，尤其晚餐要做到无碳水化物饮食。并动员患者的家人共同参与、积极配合，为患者创造一个轻松环境，使之持之以恒，养成健康的生活习慣。以成功减重并获妊娠的病例来鼓励患者，增强其战胜困难的信心，避免体重反弹。⑵用药指导：①调整月经周期：治疗的药物多使用口服避孕药。我们首先向患者讲解用药的目的和治疗作用，以免引起患者的误解；告知患者漏服造成的后果，要求患者做到：药不离包，随身携带，睡前服用。以备外出不回家时能正常服用。对于未婚的女性，告诉患者可将药物的外包装祛除，以免引起周围朋友和同学的猜疑。对于无生育要求的女性，告诉患者要定期检查子宫内膜情况，预防子宫内膜增生。②促排卵治疗：对于有生育要求的患者通常给予促排卵药物治疗。详细给患者讲解药物的服用方法、剂量、时间要求；针剂的注射方法、部位、剂量及保存温度和贮藏方法，要求患者复述1遍无误后才可离去；并将护士站电话写在注射片上，以便用药有疑问时打电话咨询。③心理护理：PCOS患者的健康相关生活质量下降。抑郁、焦虑等心理疾病的发生率增高，表现在人际关系的敏感性、抑郁、焦虑、攻击以及性生活的满意度下降等方面。其中不孕、月经失调、向心性肥胖和多毛加重了PCOS患者的社会心理障碍。首先让患者正确对待疾病，树立信心，以积极的心态调整生活方式、规范用药、主动配合来改善PCOS疾病状态，争取家庭和社会的支持；介绍患者之间进行联系交流，注重病友间的榜样作用，使之发挥专业人员无法替代的作用。同时公开网站和电话，以便患者获取更多的信息，得到心理支持。</span><br /><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: #ffffff;\">　　结果</span><br /><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: #ffffff;\">　　医护合作对患者进行全面的健康教育，使患者认识到调整生活方式，对于控制PCOS疾病状况、预防远期并发症的重要性。经过6个月的调整生活方式配合药物治疗，本组46例患者平均减重7.8kg，19例患者恢复排卵，16例患者自然妊娠。但我们缺乏长期的随访资料。</span><br /><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: #ffffff;\">　　讨论</span><br /><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: #ffffff;\">　　掌握专科知识是对患者进行健康教育的前提。所以，在为患者实施健康教育的过程中，为了取得患者信任、提高患者的满意度，护士首先要学习相关知识。因此，对患者进行健康教育的过程，也是护士主动学习的过程。通过为患者实施健康教育，护士的专业知识、交流水平得到了提高。</span></p>","barId":"1847","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2},{"id":"8228","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"多囊卵巢综合征容易与哪些疾病混淆","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1511589036334.jpg\" title=\"多囊卵巢综合征容易与哪些疾病混淆\" alt=\"多囊卵巢综合征容易与哪些疾病混淆\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">用</span>CT和磁共振以鉴定和除外盆腔肿瘤</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　一、卵巢男性化肿瘤</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　包括支持一间质细胞瘤、门细胞瘤、类脂细胞瘤、性母细胞瘤、肾上腺残迹瘤、黄体　瘤、畸胎瘤和转移癌。以上除性母细胞瘤外，其他肿瘤多呈单侧生长实质性肿瘤，雄激素分泌呈自主性，男性化症候明显，并常伴有腹水及转移灶。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　二、肾上腺疾病</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　包括先天性肾上腺皮质增生、腺瘤和腺癌。后二者主要分泌雄烯二酮和</span>DHEA，亦为自主性分泌，不受ACTH促进和地塞米松抑制。而先天性肾上腺皮质增生症，21羟化酶缺陷者，有典型外阴-泌尿生殖窦畸形伴性器发育不良。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　三、甲状腺疾病</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　包括甲亢和甲低。甲亢时</span>T3、T4、SHBG增高，雄激素代谢清除率降低，使血浆睾酮升高致男性化和月经失调。甲低时，雄激素向雌激素转化增加致无排卵。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　四、遗传性多毛症</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　有家族史，仅单纯性多毛而无</span>PCOS症状和体征。生育力正常。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　五、卵巢卵泡膜细胞增生症</span>(ovarian hyperthecosis)</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　该症促性腺激素分泌正常，卵巢不增大，但卵泡膜细胞呈巢</span>(岛)性增生，血浆雄激素升高明显，伴严重男性化。对氯菧酚胺治疗不敏感。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　六、胰岛素拒抗综合征和黑色素棘皮瘤</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　为一种脂岛素受体缺陷性疾病</span>(A/B型)，可出现类似于PCOS症状体征。其显著特征是，高胰岛素血症和颈、腋部黑色素棘皮瘤。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　七、高催乳素血症</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　闭经、溢乳、不孕、</span>PRL和DHEAS升高，男性化症候不明显，卵巢正常。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1847","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1034","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2},{"id":"3722","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"这种情况有什么好办法？需不需要吃药呢？","content":"<p><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &#39;Hiragino Sans GB&#39;, Helvetica, &#39;microsoft yahei&#39;, simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: rgb(252, 252, 252);\">多囊卵巢综合征用促排卵药后现在怀孕45天，今天开始嗓子痛但是不发热</span></p><p><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &#39;Hiragino Sans GB&#39;, Helvetica, &#39;microsoft yahei&#39;, simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: rgb(252, 252, 252);\"><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &#39;Hiragino Sans GB&#39;, Helvetica, &#39;microsoft yahei&#39;, simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: rgb(252, 252, 252);\">想问您这种情况有什么好办法？需不需要吃药呢？</span></span></p>","barId":"1847","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1033","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":3},{"id":"3080","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"多囊巧囊是否可以做穿刺手术","content":"<p><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &#39;Hiragino Sans GB&#39;, Helvetica, &#39;microsoft yahei&#39;, simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: rgb(252, 252, 252);\">超声检查结果：1.左附件2个巧克力囊肿，一个6cm左右，一个3cm左右2.子宫内膜回声不均匀3.盆腔积液请问是否可以前往301做穿刺手术？</span></p>","barId":"1847","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2},{"id":"3205","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"如何确定患有多囊卵巢综合征","content":"<p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1486432935250.png\" title=\"1486432935250.png\" alt=\"8730b9659ad5406889e28601ccadcaeb.png\"/></p><p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　2003年全世界著名的妇科内分泌专家齐聚荷兰的鹿特丹，讨论并制订了目前为全世界妇产科医生所接受的多囊卵巢综合征的诊断标准――2003年鹿特丹诊断标准。具体内容见表1。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　表1. 2003年鹿特丹诊断标准&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　1.排卵稀发或无排卵&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　2.高雄激素血症的临床和/或生化证据&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　3.多囊卵巢&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　以上3项只要具备2项，并且排除了其他病因（分泌雄激素的肿瘤和库欣综合征），就可以诊断为多囊卵巢综合征。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　一、排卵稀发或无排卵&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　女性之所以有月经，是因为有排卵。正常女性一个月有1次排卵，一年有12次排卵；因此，月经周期为1个月，一年有12次月经。如果1年的排卵次数&lt;8次，就称为排卵稀发。对排卵稀发的妇女来说，她们每年的月经次数&lt;8次，月经周期&gt;45天，就称为月经稀发。如果妇女没有排卵，往往会至少间隔3个月以上才来1次月经，则称为继发闭经。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　根据前面所述，读者可以在月经稀发和排卵稀发之间划等号，在无排卵和继发闭经之间划等号。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　二、高雄激素血症的临床和/或生化证据&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　在女性体内也有一定水平的雄激素，正常水平的雄激素对维持女性的某些生理功能具有重要的意义，如阴毛和腋毛的生长、女性的性欲等。当女性体内的雄激素水平超过正常范围时，就称为高雄激素血症，会引起健康问题。女性体内有多种雄激素，如雄烯二酮、睾酮、双氢睾酮、硫酸脱氢表雄酮等，其中任何一种雄激素水平的异常升高都可以引起高雄激素血症的临床表现。目前在绝大多数医院里能测定的雄激素只有睾酮，睾酮升高我们就说有了高雄激素血症的生化证据。但是睾酮水平不高，也不可完全除外高雄激素血症，因为可能有其他雄激素的升高。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　胡须和痤疮的生长需要高水平的雄激素，女性长胡须称为多毛，因此，我们把多毛和痤疮称为高雄激素血症的临床证据。当女性有胡须或痤疮时，可以推断自己体内的雄激素分泌过多。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　三、多囊卵巢的诊断&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　当卵巢内的卵泡发育不良时，会在卵巢内形成直径&lt;10毫米的小囊肿（实质上就是卵泡，医生通常称它们为小卵泡），这种囊肿可以消退，不会变成癌，因此，不需要手术治疗。当卵巢内含有多个这种小囊肿时，卵巢体积会明显增大，就称为多囊卵巢。由于大多数患者有多囊卵巢，因此，该疾病被称为多囊卵巢综合征。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　临床上，医生通过B超数小卵泡的个数或计算卵巢的体积来判断是否为多囊卵巢，具体标准见表2。读者在拿到B超报告后，完全可以根据表2的标准来判断自己是否有多囊卵巢。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　表2.多囊卵巢的诊断标准&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　1. 每侧卵巢至少有12个直径为2~9毫米的卵泡&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　2. 卵巢体积增大（&gt;10毫升），用简化的公式（0.5×长×宽×厚度）来计算卵巢的体积。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　只要一侧卵巢满足上述2项中的一项即可诊断为多囊卵巢。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　四、排除相关疾病&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　排除库欣综合征和分泌雄激素的肿瘤等临床表现相似的疾病，对诊断多囊卵巢综合征非常重要。正常女性体内的血睾酮水平&lt;0.55纳克/毫升，多囊卵巢综合征患者的血睾酮水平范围多为0.55~1.5纳克/毫升。当血睾酮水平&gt;1.5纳克/毫升时，应考虑可分泌雄激素的卵巢肿瘤。库欣综合征有时会与多囊卵巢综合征相混淆，但是库欣综合征往往有典型的特征，如向心性肥胖、满月脸等，这可以帮助鉴别。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　五、判断是否患多囊卵巢综合征的标准&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　根据前面所述，读者完全可以根据表3来判断自己是否患有多囊卵巢综合征。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　表3. 自己判断是否患有多囊卵巢综合征的标准&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　1.月经周期&gt;45天或间隔3个月以上来一次月经&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　2.有胡须（和/或痤疮）和/或血睾酮水平&gt;0.55纳克/毫升（但一般&lt;1.5纳克/毫升）&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　3.B超发现有多个小卵泡，或通过计算发现卵巢的体积&gt;10毫升&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　以上3项只要具备2项并且排除了其他病因（当血睾酮水平&gt;1.5纳克/毫升时考虑分泌雄激素的肿瘤，有满月脸和向心型肥胖时考虑库欣综合征），就可以诊断为多囊卵巢综合征。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　六、胰岛素测定的问题&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　许多多囊卵巢综合征患者被要求抽血化验胰岛素水平。那么，测定胰岛素对诊断多囊卵巢综合征是否有帮助呢?&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　胰岛素水平升高是由胰岛素抵抗引起的，胰岛素抵抗是指机体对胰岛素不敏感，它又多由肥胖引起，约60%~70％的多囊卵巢综合征患者有肥胖，因此，多囊卵巢综合征患者中胰岛素抵抗的发生率很高（约为50％）。胰岛素抵抗发展到最后会出现2型糖尿病，因此，多囊卵巢综合征患者将来很容易发生糖尿病。&nbsp;</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Arial, 宋体; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">　　测定空腹胰岛素水平可以了解患者有无胰岛素抵抗，正常情况下，空腹血胰岛素水平&lt;10微单位/毫升；当空腹血胰岛素水平&gt;10微单位/毫升时，就可以说患者有胰岛素抵抗，将来容易发生糖尿病。由于多囊卵巢综合征的诊断标准中没要求测定胰岛素，因此，测定胰岛素对诊断多囊卵巢综合征没有帮助。&nbsp;</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1847","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2},{"id":"1348","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"多囊卵巢综合征的并发症有哪些","content":"<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">多囊卵巢综合征的并发症</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">、疲劳和睡眠，研究表明疲劳和睡眠障碍是新诊断的抑郁症女性的两个最常见的症状，随后是兴趣降低和食欲改变。疲劳和睡眠是很多并发症中最容易被忽视的，但它往往是导致女性身体各方面机能下降的罪魁祸首</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">多囊卵巢综合征的并发症</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">、糖尿病，多囊卵巢综合征患者有高胰岛素血症，高胰岛素血症患者容易出现糖尿病及心脑血管疾病，因此多囊卵巢综合征也是糖尿病及心脑血管疾病的高危因素。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">多囊卵巢综合征的并发症</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">3</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">、抑郁症，多囊卵巢综合症女性抑郁症发生风险明显增加，研究显示，多囊卵巢综合症</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">(PCOS)</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">女性比无</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">PCOS</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">女性发生抑郁症的风险增大</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">4</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">倍。研究者指出，与无抑郁症的</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">PCOS</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">女性相比，有抑郁症的</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">PCOS</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">女性有较高的体重指数和胰岛素抵抗的证据</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">(p &lt; 0.02)</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">。</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">多囊卵巢综合征的并发症</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">4</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">、子宫内膜癌，据统计&le;</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">40</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">岁之子宫内膜癌患者中</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">19</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">～</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">25%</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">合并</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">PCOS</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">。约</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">14%PCOS</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">在</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">14</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">岁内进展为子宫内膜癌。癌症是目前很难治愈的疾病，因此卵巢综合症一旦发生癌变，后果不堪设想。</span></p>","barId":"1847","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2},{"id":"7836","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"专家向您解答 多囊卵巢综合征是怎么回事 病因是什么","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1510993752486.jpg\" title=\"专家向您解答 多囊卵巢综合征是怎么回事 病因是什么\" alt=\"专家向您解答 多囊卵巢综合征是怎么回事 病因是什么\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/>&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">找良医网</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">向您详细介绍多囊卵巢综合征的病理病因，多囊卵巢综合征主要是由什么原因引起的。</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">.</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">多囊卵巢综合征病因</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、遗传因素（30%）：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">PCOS是一种常染色体显性遗传，或X一连锁(伴性)遗传，或基因突变所引起的疾病，多数患者染色体核型46，XX，部分患者呈染色体畸变或嵌合型如46，XX/45，XO;46，XX/46，XXq和46，XXq，PCOS起源于青春前肾上腺疾病，即当受到强烈应激刺激时网状带分泌过多雄激素，并在性腺外转化为雌酮，反馈性地引起HP轴GnRH-GnH释放节律紊乱，LH/FSH比值升高，继发引起卵巢雄激素生成增多，即肾上腺和卵巢共同分泌较多雄激素致成高雄激素血症，高雄激素血症在卵巢内引起被膜纤维化增厚，抑制卵泡发育和卵，造成卵巢囊性增大和慢性无排卵。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、促性腺激素释放异常(30%)：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">PCOS患者的血LH升高，而FSH正常或降低，LH/FSH≥2～3，静脉注射GnRH后LH可出现过度反应，认为可能原发于下丘脑-垂体功能失调，在下丘脑中多巴胺能和阿片肽能神经对GnRH神经元的抑制作用失控，可导致LH分泌增加，但更可能是雌激素的反馈抑制异常所致，非周期性的腺外转化而来的雌激素(雌酮E1)将导致对LH分泌的正反馈和对FSH分泌的负反馈抑制，LH刺激卵泡细胞增生，产生大量雄激素，雄激素不能全部转化成雌激素，进一步增加腺外芳香化E1的生成，过多雄激素使卵泡闭锁，卵巢包膜纤维化和包膜增厚，由于缺乏月经周期中期的LH峰值，出现排卵障碍，此外，有人发现PCOS患者的卵巢也可能分泌“抑制素”，抑制FSH的分泌，影响卵泡的发育成熟，出现较多囊状卵泡，近年发现高胰岛素血症和增高的IGF也可使LH分泌增多。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3、雄性激素过多（30%）：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">在</span>PCOS中，几乎所有的雄激素生成均增多，而性激素结合球蛋白(SHBG)减少，游离雄激素增多，活性增强，至于过多的雄激素来源于卵巢或肾上腺众说不一，大剂量GnRH激动剂可降低促性腺激素，雄烯二酮和睾酮减少，而对来源于肾上腺的DHEAS无影响，据报道大约70%的PCOS患者为卵巢源性雄激素所致：①由于类固醇激素所需酶系功能紊乱，如芳香化酶缺乏，3β-醇甾脱氢酶不足或活性下降，P45OC17A调节异常，雌激素合成障碍，大量雄激素在外周(脂肪，肝，肾内)转换为雌酮，也有人认为卵巢发育不充分使芳香化酶的活性下降，②LH脉冲频率及振幅升高，刺激卵泡膜细胞及间质细胞增生和雄激素的生成，过多的雄激素促使卵泡闭锁，卵巢粒层细胞早期黄素化，生长停止，不能排卵，形成PCOS。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1847","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2}],"pageObj":{"list":[],"list4Map":null,"pageBegin":0,"pageSize":5,"pageNumber":0,"totalPage":0,"totalRow":0},"loginUser":null,"replies":[],"forumUserFans":null,"herfList":[],"only":"0","topic":{"id":"2758","isDel":0,"createAt":1486433376314,"createBy":"3cc2575ce14111e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"柠檬茶","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"3cc2575ce14111e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"月经不调、不孕、还有畸胎瘤、前几年做过畸胎瘤手术、现在又有了、再加上多囊卵巢综合症","content":"<p><span 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252);\">需要做手术吗</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1847","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1033","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1191,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1486433376318,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1486433376314,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},"userAllInfo":{"id":null,"isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":null,"password":null,"level":0,"nickName":null,"realName":null,"signName":null,"head":null,"phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":null,"address":null,"identityType":0,"userType":0,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":0,"provinceId":null,"cityId":null,"userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":0,"forumUser":{"id":"3cc2575ce14111e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1485158098983,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"柠檬茶","password":"888888","level":0,"nickName":"柠檬茶","realName":null,"signName":"柠檬茶，我最爱","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1485160807561.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":null,"address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"forumUserActiveInfo":{"id":"3cc55c11e14111e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":1703917542788,"updateBy":"3cc2575ce14111e6a61c00163e04584d","updateName":"柠檬茶","userId":"3cc2575ce14111e6a61c00163e04584d","topicCount":961,"replayCount":26,"favorteCount":0,"beFavorteCount":0,"creamCount":0,"focusCount":0,"fansCount":0,"integralCount":1464,"foodCouponCount":0,"lastLoginTime":0,"lastLoginIp":null,"downloadCount":0,"uploadCount":0},"newPass":null,"focusBar":null,"counter":null,"forumUserIdentificateDto":null},"theme":{"id":"1033","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"topicTypeId":"2","topicTypeName":"治疗","themeName":"病友求助","barType":"102","schemaName":2,"reward":1},"page":1,"favorties":true,"isSelf":false,"order":"asc"}