{"nowTime30":1785241162899,"lyBarModerator":null,"metaSearch":{"description":"我国是哮喘大国，其中儿童哮喘患者就占据很大一部分数据，哮喘对患儿是身体发育影响甚大，因此家长朋友要及时发现儿童哮喘症状，及时规范化地治疗，远离哮喘危害，让每一个孩子都能健康成长。那么如何预防呢?1、衣服冷暖要适宜内衣以纯棉织品为宜，要求光滑、柔软、平整，避免穿化学纤维或染有深色染料的衣服。哮喘病人更","keywords":"儿童性哮喘的预防_洞医","title":"儿童性哮喘的预防_洞医","channels":null},"identificate":{"id":null,"isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"realName":null,"certifiedStatus":0,"phone":null,"email":null,"hospitalId":null,"departmentId":null,"illName":null,"illId":null,"cardType":0,"cardImg":null,"idCardImg":null,"identityType":0,"stop":0,"departmentName":null,"hospitalName":null},"canEdit":null,"adList":[],"lyBar":{"id":"1444","isDel":0,"createAt":1483430690670,"createBy":"system","createName":"system","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"name":"小儿哮喘","type":102,"twoCode":"http://zhao01.com/zly_img/zly_wx.jpg","image":null,"provinceId":null,"cityId":null,"illId":"666562e4bb5f11e6a61c00163e04584d","hospitalId":null,"keyWord":null,"totleTopic":0,"barDesc":null,"discussBarType":null,"metaSearch":"{\"channels\":{\"病友社区\":{\"description\":\"为病友提供:小儿哮喘论坛_儿童哮喘论坛，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"小儿哮喘论坛_儿童哮喘论坛\",\"title\":\"小儿哮喘论坛_儿童哮喘论坛\"},\"治疗\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:小儿哮喘的自然疗法_儿童哮喘的最佳治疗方法等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"小儿哮喘的自然疗法_儿童哮喘的最佳治疗方法\",\"title\":\"小儿哮喘的自然疗法_儿童哮喘的最佳治疗方法\"},\"症状\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:儿童哮喘的症状有哪些?_宝宝哮喘的症状有哪些等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"儿童哮喘的症状有哪些?_宝宝哮喘的症状有哪些\",\"title\":\"儿童哮喘的症状有哪些?_宝宝哮喘的症状有哪些\"},\"并发症\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:儿童哮喘并发症_儿童哮喘的危害及预防等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"儿童哮喘并发症_儿童哮喘的危害及预防\",\"title\":\"儿童哮喘并发症_儿童哮喘的危害及预防\"},\"饮食\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:哮喘儿童的饮食禁忌_哮喘儿童的不能吃什么等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"哮喘儿童的饮食禁忌_哮喘儿童的不能吃什么\",\"title\":\"哮喘儿童的饮食禁忌_哮喘儿童的不能吃什么\"},\"病因\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:小儿哮喘的原因是什么_小儿哮喘是怎么引起的等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"小儿哮喘的原因是什么_小儿哮喘是怎么引起的\",\"title\":\"小儿哮喘的原因是什么_小儿哮喘是怎么引起的\"},\"病友求助\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:儿童哮喘为什么以6岁为界_儿童哮喘能根治吗等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"儿童哮喘为什么以6岁为界_儿童哮喘能根治吗\",\"title\":\"儿童哮喘为什么以6岁为界_儿童哮喘能根治吗\"},\"预防\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:儿童哮喘的预防_如何预防儿童哮喘等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"儿童哮喘的预防_如何预防儿童哮喘\",\"title\":\"儿童哮喘的预防_如何预防儿童哮喘\"}},\"description\":\"为您提供:小儿哮喘症状、小儿哮喘如何确诊、小儿哮喘能根治吗、小儿哮喘怎么办、病友的治疗经验等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"小儿哮喘症状_小儿哮喘能根治吗_小儿哮喘怎么办_小儿哮喘如何确诊\",\"title\":\"小儿哮喘症状_小儿哮喘能根治吗_小儿哮喘怎么办_小儿哮喘如何确诊\"}","adInfo":null},"isLikeThisTopic":null,"lastTopics":[{"id":"3347","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"如何预防儿童哮喘","content":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">如何预防儿童哮喘：</span></strong><strong><img title=\"1486194343120.jpg\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1486194343120.jpg\" alt=\"5695f91781b29.jpg\" /></strong></p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 2em;\">&nbsp;</p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></strong></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">孩子是一个家庭的生活动力，父母所做的一切都是为了自己的孩子，但是如果孩子患上疾病的话，这无疑是给父母一个沉重的打击，目前儿童患上哮喘的几率是非常之大的，此病对儿童的危害很大，所以家长一定要对儿童哮喘疾病多加了解，做好预防工作，避免孩子患上哮喘。那么怎样预防儿童患上哮喘呢？以下给大家做了详细的介绍：</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">、免得诱发因素：儿童哮喘的发生，与致敏原有紧密关系，发作过后，应细心寻找和简述诱发困素，尽可能加以防止。诱发因素常常是两个方面，一是过敏物质，如花粉、粉尘、皮毛、牛奶、鸡蛋、鱼、虾、螃蟹、油漆、药物等，每个病人有不一样的致敏原，有的只有一两种，有的能达到几十种；另一个是体质和精神状态，如情绪不好、过度疲劳，吸入冷空气等，乃至看到曾经导致哮喘的物质，就能诱发精神刺激，反射性地察觉哮喘；遇到考试哮喘也会发生；如今有过敏体质的儿童往往免疫功能也较弱，一不小心着凉同时遇到过敏原就会发觉感冒病症同时伴有喘息。因此关于有过敏体质的儿童日常需要注意防止交叉感染，更重要的是注意增长免疫功能。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">、留意饮食调养：哮喘患儿平常要注意多吃高蛋白食物，如瘦肉、蛋、家禽、大豆及豆制品等，增加热量，增长抗病能力。还要多吃含有维生素</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">A</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">．</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">B</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">．</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">C</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">．</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">D</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">及钙质的食物：含维生素</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">A</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">的食物有润肺、保护气管的功能，如蛋黄、鱼肝油、胡萝卜、韭菜、南瓜、杏仁等；含维生素</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">C</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">的食物有抗炎、防感冒的功能，如大枣、柚、番茄、青椒等。过甜和太过咸食物的刺激，能加强支气管的反应，加重咳嗽、气喘、心悸等病症，从而导致哮喘难以抑制。此外还要注意少吃冷饮、碳酸饮料、炒货类等有刺激的食物医学教育网</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">`</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">搜集整理。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">、加强体育锻炼：众多患发哮喘的孩子，因为担心受凉、遇寒后哮喘容易发作，心理上长期是紧张状态，而对体育锻炼又有所顾忌，结果体质下降，反而发病增加。其实，体育锻炼对哮喘病儿大有好处，家长能依据自己孩子的体质状况适当选用运动方法。例如从夏天开始坚持游泳或冷水洗脸、洗脚乃至洗擦全身。经过这些锻炼后，可以加强孩子抵抗寒冷的能力，也能增长机体的免疫功能，从而加强体质，减少哮喘的发生。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">通过上面的介绍，父母应该知道怎样帮助孩子预防哮喘吧，专家提醒：只要在日常生活中，养成良好的生活习惯，就可以很好的杜绝或者减少疾病的发生，一旦孩子患上了哮喘，也不要担心，及时带孩子去正规的医院检查，积极配合医生的治疗，结合护理措施，就可以痊愈的。</span></p>","barId":"1444","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1036","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":3},{"id":"2401","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"儿童患哮喘时家庭护理应注意的问题（摘自哮喘联盟网站）","content":"<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">一、保持适宜的室内生活环境</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp; 1</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">、患儿的卧室既要保持一定的温度和湿度，又要保证空气流通，刚油漆过的房间不能立即进住。室内避免养宠物。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp; 2</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">、患儿的衣被、床上用品避免用丝棉、羽绒等制品，做到勤换洗，有严重尘螨过敏者可选用特殊材料制成的防尘螨溢出的床上用品。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp; 3</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">、减少室内空气污染：家长应戒烟或不要在有孩子的室内吸烟以避免儿童吸二手烟；切勿使用各种喷雾杀虫剂；避免樟脑、香水、化状品等刺激性气味。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">二、关注孩子的日常生活</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp; 1</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">、哮喘患儿的内衣应以纯棉织品为宜，避免穿羊毛、鸭绒等动物皮毛制品。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp; 2</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">、注意气候变化，随时增添衣服，以防受凉诱发哮喘。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp; 3</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">、哮喘急性发作时饮食宜选清淡、易消化的食物，避免食用易致敏的海鲜、禽蛋、奶类及坚果等食物。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp; 4</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">、要让孩子每天有一定的户外活动，切不可因为害怕孩子哮喘发作而过分限制其体力活动。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">三、家长要向医生学习掌握一些有关哮喘防治的基本知识，严格按医嘱监督孩子每天坚持按时用药，记录治疗过程中的每一点病情变化，定期复诊。如出现连续打喷嚏、不断咳嗽、烦躁、精神不振、呼吸加快等哮喘先兆时，要及时用平喘药，以防哮喘大发作。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp; </span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>","barId":"1444","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2},{"id":"9260","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"小儿哮喘严重吗","content":"<p style=\"margin: 4px 0px; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1513228095007.jpg\" title=\"小儿哮喘严重吗\" alt=\"小儿哮喘严重吗\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">引起哮喘发病的原因有哪些？小动物的皮毛、室内尘螨、霉菌、蟑螂、花草、花粉等，也是某些哮喘儿童的诱发因素。其中感冒是引起儿童哮喘发作的最常见因素。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\">　　</p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">小儿哮喘严不严重</span>?随着小儿哮喘发病率的逐年升高，许多家长越来越关心哮喘对于患儿的危害，特别是由于哮喘常反复发作，难以根治，所以严重到影响患儿的身心健康也给患儿家长带来了沉重的经济负担和精神压力，专家表示，对于哮喘患儿来说，疾病本身并不可怕，但是他对病人的长期折磨是需要警惕的，但小儿哮喘也不是不可战胜的，只要了解哮喘的起因，掌握正确的预防和控制方法，就可以有效地减少哮喘的发病次数和发病程度，逐渐摆脱哮喘的困扰。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">什么原因导致小儿哮喘</span>?</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">引起哮喘发病的原因有很多，但不外乎内因与外因，内因即体质因素，外因是环境因素。小儿哮喘与感冒、天气变化、运动过度、劳累、某些食物及药物、被动吸烟、油漆、油烟等有密切关系。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">小儿哮喘危害有哪些</span>?</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">肺气肿和肺心病</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">在哮喘发作时，病人胸部隆起，双肩高耸，稍一活动就有明显气短，胸透时可见透光度增加，病人以为自己已经得了肺气肿，而实际上并非如此。这是因为哮喘发作时呼吸困难，以至肺内许多气呼不出来，形成了与肺气肿相似的临床表现，可是一旦发作缓解，这些表现都是可以消失的。一些学者认为，哮喘病如果没有慢性支气管炎并发，有的人得病数十年后，也仍然可以没有明显的肺气肿表现。有资料统计：大约</span>8 0%的肺气肿病人都有慢性支气管炎，1/3的慢性支气管炎伴有肺气肿，可是只有1/10左右的哮喘病人并发肺气肿。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">呼吸骤停和呼吸衰竭</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">呼吸骤停指的是病人突然发生的呼吸停止。大半发生在病人已连续发病几天后的用膳及咳嗽时，也可以在轻微活动后，发生这一严重并发症前，通常病情并不太重，也没有什么预兆。因而病人大半都在家中，家属的及时救治非常重要。如果呼吸停止后</span>2～3 分钟后未恢复过来，也没有进行及时的人工呼吸等救治，则常会在送医院前继发心跳骤停而死亡。呼吸骤停的原因尚不清楚，可能与发病时的神经反射失常有关。这种并发症发生的机会虽然甚少，但发生过一次骤停的人常有第二次发生的可能，应当特别警惕!</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">呼吸衰竭的发生比呼吸骤停慢得多，多为哮喘持续状态发展到后期所并发，表现为神志的改变与明显的紫绀，应当送往医院救治。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">气胸和纵隔气肿</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">呼吸时，由于胸壁的运动，好象风箱一样，使气体能够进出肺脏。在哮喘发作时，由于小气管的阻塞，咳嗽时肺泡内压力可以更高，此时某些较薄弱的肺泡就有破裂可能，破裂的肺泡可以连接在一起形成肺大泡，也可能气体顺着肺间质跑到纵隔形成纵隔气肿。较常见的情况是气体跑到肺外的胸膜腔，造成气胸。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">心律紊乱和休克</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">严重的哮喘持续状态，本身可以由于缺氧的影响，造成心律紊乱和休克，然而，临床上因治疗不当而发生这两种并发症的机会就更多见。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">闭锁综合征</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">所谓哮喘的</span>“闭锁综合征”指的是近十年来临床上发现的哮喘发作，病变发作程度虽然不一定剧烈，但终日持续，对各种药物都没有什么明显效果，就好像呼吸道被“关闭”或“锁”起来了一样。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">产生闭锁综合征的主要原因是异丙基肾上腺素的使用过量，或在治疗中因心跳过快而不适当地使用了心得安。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">胸廓畸形和肋骨骨折</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">哮喘病变中胸廓畸形相当常见，主要见于自幼得哮喘的病人或长期发病者。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">肋骨骨折主要发生在剧烈发作时的咳嗽或喘息时，由于横隔的猛烈收缩而气道又有阻塞以致造成肋骨的折断。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">生长发育迟缓</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">一般的哮喘对儿童的生长发育影响不大，可是哮喘终年发作或长期应用肾上腺皮质激素，就有可能因为缺氧或皮质激素的抑制蛋白合成等作用而对儿童的生长发育带来较大影响。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1444","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1034","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2},{"id":"4601","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"小儿哮喘脱敏治疗的效果怎么样？什么情况下可以脱敏治疗","content":"<p><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &#39;Hiragino Sans GB&#39;, Helvetica, &#39;microsoft yahei&#39;, simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: rgb(252, 252, 252);\">你好，我儿子今年7周岁了，在2008年开始的时候，在秋冬交接的时候，因为感冒引发哮喘，在当地医院做为感冒治疗，还吸过雾化，2008年犯过三次。2009年、2010年均是在秋冬交接的时候有犯过哮喘；在2009年还发现有鼻炎的症状.2010年冬天犯的时候开始按照小儿哮喘来治疗。现在一直在吸着舒利迭，喷着辅舒良，效果还可以。我们也曾经做过过敏原，对尘螨和屋尘螨过敏，医生说要做脱敏治疗，我想请问脱敏治疗的效果怎么样？什么情况下可以脱敏治疗？谢谢</span></p>","barId":"1444","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1033","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2},{"id":"2566","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"小儿哮喘能做肺功能检查吗？大概价格是多少。此外还应该做什么检查。总共需要多少费用","content":"<p><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &#39;Hiragino Sans GB&#39;, Helvetica, &#39;microsoft yahei&#39;, simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: rgb(252, 252, 252);\">儿子今年5周。一直反复呼吸道感染，伴有喘息。2.5周时诊断为小儿哮喘，</span><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &#39;Hiragino Sans GB&#39;, Helvetica, &#39;microsoft yahei&#39;, simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: rgb(252, 252, 252);\">诊断明确后开始吸入附舒酮。从每天两次开始，到停药，一共一年半。期间有时咳嗽，厉害时可听见喘息声，医生让加服，氨茶碱，扑尔敏，有时加沙丁氨醇。今年8月咳嗽厉害，医生又开始让吸入附舒酮每天两次，顺尔宁服用3个月，附舒酮3个月减为每天一次.，<span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &#39;Hiragino Sans GB&#39;, Helvetica, &#39;microsoft yahei&#39;, simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: rgb(252, 252, 252);\">这几天又开始咳嗽，医生说加服，扑尔敏，氨茶碱，和沙丁氨醇。我们一直关注和了解哮喘相关的知识。我们想可能是用药时间和剂量不足，才导致的，控制不好，我想做一个肺功能检查。看看孩子现在到底控制在一个什么样的水平，不行就从头开始做。咱们医院能做儿童肺功能检查吗？大概价格是多少。此外还应该做什么检查。总共需要多少费用？</span></span></p>","barId":"1444","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2},{"id":"4256","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"小儿哮喘的早期症状有哪些？","content":"<p><span style=\"font-family: Georgia; font-size: 12px; line-height: 20px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">小儿哮喘早期症状</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Georgia; font-size: 12px; line-height: 20px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">婴幼儿发病前，往往有1～2日的类似支气管炎的上呼吸道感染。</span><br/><span style=\"font-family: Georgia; font-size: 12px; line-height: 20px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">年长儿起病比较急，且多在夜间，大多经几小时至1日后逐渐平复。特别严重者，可出现哮喘持续状态，起病一开始即呈危重型哮喘，或持续较长时间，甚至数日。</span></p>","barId":"1444","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2},{"id":"4685","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"小儿支气管哮喘病因","content":"<p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1486193004447.jpg\" title=\"1486193004447.jpg\" alt=\"11523497_998309.jpg\"/></p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 700;\">1.过敏原</span></p><p>过敏物质大致分为三类：<span style=\"font-weight: 700;\">①引起感染的病原体及其毒素</span>&nbsp;小儿哮喘发作常和呼吸道感染密切相关，尤其是病毒及支原体感染。婴幼儿哮喘中绝大多数是由于呼吸道感染所致，主要病原体是呼吸道病毒，如合胞病毒（RSV）、腺病毒、流感、副流感病毒等。现已证明合胞病毒感染可因发生特异性免疫球蛋白IgE介导Ⅰ型变态反应而发生喘息。其他如鼻窦炎、扁桃体炎、龋齿等局部感染也可能是诱发因素。<span style=\"font-weight: 700;\">②吸入过敏原</span>&nbsp;通常自呼吸道吸入，国内应用皮肤试验显示，引起哮喘最主要过敏原为尘螨、屋尘、霉菌、多价花粉（蒿属、豚草）、羽毛等，亦有报告接触蚕发哮喘，特别是螨作为吸入性变应原，在呼吸道变态反应性疾病中占有一定重要地位。儿童期对螨的过敏比成人为多，春秋季是螨生存的最短适宜季节，因此尘螨性哮喘好发于春秋季，且夜间发病者多见。此外，吸入变应原所致哮喘发作往往与季节、地区和居住环境有关，一旦停止接触，症状即可减轻或消失。<span style=\"font-weight: 700;\">③食入过敏原</span>&nbsp;主要为异性蛋白质，如牛奶、鸡蛋、鱼虾、香料等，食物过敏以婴儿期为常见，4～5岁以后逐渐减少。</p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 700;\">2.非特异性刺激物质</span></p><p>如灰尘、烟（包括香烟及蚊香）、气味（工业刺激性气体、烹调时油气味及油膝味）等。这些物质均为非抗原性物质，可刺激支气管黏膜感觉神经末梢及迷走神经，引起反射性咳嗽和支气管痉挛，长期持续可导致气道高反应性，有时吸入冷空气也可诱发支气管痉挛。有学者认为空气污染日趋严重，也可能是支气管哮喘患病率增加重要原因之一。</p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 700;\">3.气候</span></p><p>儿童患者对气候变化很敏感，如气温突然变冷或气压降低，常可激发哮喘发作，因此，一般春秋两季儿童发病明显增加。</p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 700;\">4.精神因素</span></p><p>儿童哮喘中精神因素引起哮喘发作虽不如成人为明显，但哮喘儿童也常受情绪影响，如大哭大笑或激怒恐惧后可引起哮喘发作。有学者证明在情绪激动或其他心理活动障碍时常伴有迷走神经兴奋。</p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 700;\">5.遗传因素</span></p><p>哮喘具有遗传性，患儿家庭及个人过敏史，如哮喘、婴儿湿疹、荨麻疹、过敏性鼻炎等的患病率较一般群体为高。</p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 700;\">6.运动</span></p><p>国外报道大部分哮喘患儿，运动常可激发哮喘，又称运动性哮喘，多见于较大儿童，剧烈持续（5～10分钟以上）的奔跑以后最易诱发哮喘，其发生机理是免疫性的。</p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 700;\">7.药物</span></p><p>药物引起的哮喘也较常见。主要有两类药物，一类是阿司匹林及类似的解热镇痛药，可造成所谓内源性哮喘，如同时伴有鼻窦炎及鼻息肉，则称为阿司匹林三联症；其他类似药物有消炎痛、甲灭酸等，引起哮喘的机理可能为阿司匹林抑制前列腺素合成，导致环磷酸腺苷（cAMP）含量减少，释放化学介质引起哮喘，这类哮喘常随年龄增长而减少，青春期后发病见少。另一类药物为作用于心脏的药物，如心得安、心得平等可阻断β受体而引起哮喘，此外很多喷雾吸入剂亦可因刺激咽喉反射性引起支气管痉挛，如色甘酸钠、痰易净等，其他如碘油造影，磺胺药过敏也常可诱发哮喘发作。</p><p>以上为诱发哮喘的常见危险因素，有些因素只引起支气管痉挛，如运动及冷空气；有些因素可以突然引起哮喘的致死性发作，如药物及职业性化学物质。</p><p><a class=\"lemma-anchor para-title\" style=\"color: rgb(19, 110, 194); position: absolute; top: -50px;\"></a><a class=\"lemma-anchor \" style=\"color: rgb(19, 110, 194); position: absolute; top: -50px;\"></a><a class=\"lemma-anchor \" style=\"color: rgb(19, 110, 194); position: absolute; top: -50px;\"></a></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1444","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2},{"id":"9256","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"支气管哮喘并非可治可不治 有5大危害","content":"<p style=\"margin: 4px 0px; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1513222105572.png\" title=\"小儿哮喘的原因 10大病因需警惕\" alt=\"小儿哮喘的原因 10大病因需警惕\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0px;\">支气管哮喘容易反复，因此很多患者觉得这种病治不治疗无所谓。其实，这种想法是万万不能出现的，因为支气管哮喘的危害非常巨大。下面我们来看看支气管哮喘的危害吧。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">支气管哮喘的危害</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">1.呼吸道感染：呼吸道感染是此病最常见的并发症之一。而感染又可促进病情的发展，影响治疗效果，形成恶性循环。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">2.呼吸衰竭：此病并发呼吸衰竭发生率在53%左右，死亡率为8%，因此，我们要积极防止本病的呼吸衰竭的发生。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">3.肺水肿：肺水肿的临床表现常常被支气管哮喘本身症状所掩盖，不易被发现。肺水肿一旦发生，潜在危险性极大，必须予以高度重视。肿水肿的发生与否取决于肺血管与间质的静水压、胶体渗透压的平衡、膜的通透性及淋巴回流。表现较隐匿，支气管哮喘严重发作时，往往有严重的呼吸困难，紫绀，不能平卧。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">4.呼吸衰竭：严重哮喘发作通气不足、感染、治疗和用药不当、并发气胸、肺不张和肺水肿等，均是哮喘并发呼吸衰竭的常见诱因。一旦出现呼吸衰竭，由于严重缺氧、二氧化碳潴留和酸中毒，哮喘治疗更加困难。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">5.气胸和纵隔气肿：这一并发症是病情危重的征象，病理生理变化为：支气管痉挛导致阻塞性通气障碍，肺泡气体不易排出而过度膨胀，肺泡内压力增高，最后肺泡破裂。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">支气管哮喘的症状</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">1.典型的支气管哮喘出现反复发作的胸闷、气喘、及呼吸困难、咳嗽等症状。在发作前常有鼻塞、打喷嚏、眼痒等先兆症状，发作严重者可短时间内出现严重呼吸困难、低氧血症。有时咳嗽为惟一症状（咳嗽变异型哮喘）。在夜间或凌晨发作和加重是哮喘的特征之一。哮喘症状可在数分钟内发作。有些症状轻重可自行缓解，但大部分需积极处理。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">发作时出现两肺散在、弥漫分布的呼气相哮鸣音，呼气相延长，有时吸气、呼气相均有干啰音。严重发作时可出现呼吸音低下，哮鸣音消失，临床上称为</span>“静止肺”，预示着病情危重，随时会出现呼吸骤停。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">哮喘患者在不发作时可无任何症状和体征。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　2.根据临床表现可分为急性发作期、慢性持续期和临床缓解期。慢性持续期是指不同频度和（或）不同程度地出现症状（喘息、气急、胸闷、咳嗽等）；临床缓解期是指经过治疗或未经治疗，症状、体征消失；肺功能恢复到急性发作前水平，并持续3个月以上。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><br/></p>","barId":"1444","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2}],"pageObj":{"list":[],"list4Map":null,"pageBegin":0,"pageSize":5,"pageNumber":0,"totalPage":0,"totalRow":0},"loginUser":null,"replies":[],"forumUserFans":null,"herfList":[],"only":"0","topic":{"id":"2892","isDel":0,"createAt":1486193731827,"createBy":"79dd3305ea7611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小宝妈","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"79dd3305ea7611e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"儿童性哮喘的预防","content":"<p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1486194394991.jpg\" title=\"1486194394991.jpg\" alt=\"u=91901328,3225936488&amp;fm=214&amp;gp=0.jpg\"/></p><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &#39;Microsoft Yahei&#39;, 微软雅黑, arial, 宋体, sans-serif; line-height: 28px; text-align: justify; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">我国是哮喘大国，其中儿童哮喘患者就占据很大一部分数据，哮喘对患儿是身体发育影响甚大，因此家长朋友要及时发现儿童哮喘症状，及时规范化地治疗，远离哮喘危害，让每一个孩子都能健康成长。那么如何预防呢?</span></p><p></p><ol class=\"exp-conent-orderlist list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"list-style-type: none;\"><li class=\"exp-content-list \" style=\"\"><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><strong>1、衣服冷暖要适宜</strong></p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\">内衣以纯棉织品为宜，要求光滑、柔软、平整，避免穿化学纤维或染有深色染料的衣服。哮喘病人更比平常人更注意保暖，但也不可保暖太过，太热容易导致哮喘发作。</p></li><li class=\"exp-content-list \" style=\"\"><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><br/></p></li><li class=\"exp-content-list \" style=\"\"><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><strong>2、适当注意锻炼</strong></p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\">专家介绍，哮喘病人有必要进行身体耐寒锻炼，这是较为有效的防止哮喘发作的办法。耐寒锻炼的目的是使人体逐渐适应寒冷刺激，这些逐步适应寒冷的运动，只有持之以恒才有收效。</p></li><li class=\"exp-content-list \" style=\"\"><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><br/></p></li><li class=\"exp-content-list \" style=\"\"><p>3、<strong>科学调整饮食</strong></p></li><li class=\"exp-content-list \" style=\"\"><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\">如果病人经尝试发现自己对某种食品过敏，就应尽量避免食用。麦类、蛋、奶、番茄、新鲜海鱼、虾、蟹等都可能引起哮喘。要多吃蔬菜水果，保持排便通畅。一些蔬菜如萝卜、丝瓜等具有下气、化痰、清肺的作用，对哮喘病人十分有益。多饮水对哮喘病人十分重要。</p></li><li class=\"exp-content-list \" style=\"\"><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><br/></p></li><li class=\"exp-content-list \" style=\"\"><p>4、<strong>要注意开窗通风</strong></p></li><li class=\"exp-content-list \" style=\"\"><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\">因装修造成室内环境污染，已经成为冬季支气管哮喘多发的新病因。专家提醒，在注意保暖的同时应注意开窗通风，保持室内空气清新。家具力求简单洁净，少用挂毯、地毯之类，尽量用新棉花制作的被子和床垫，避免使用丝绵、皮毛、羽绒做被褥或枕芯，尤其不要养狗、猫、鸟等小动物。</p></li></ol><p><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &#39;Microsoft Yahei&#39;, 微软雅黑, arial, 宋体, sans-serif; line-height: 28px; text-align: justify; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 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