{"nowTime30":1787632458954,"lyBarModerator":null,"metaSearch":{"description":"先心病的发生率在活产新生儿中为4‰～50‰, 许多学者在不同的领域开展了对环境因素包括生物、化学、物理、社会心理诸方面的研究, 其中有关环境中的危险因素对人类出生缺陷的影响引起了公众和科学界的关注。妊娠早期是胎儿心脏发育的关键时期, 环境中致畸原的存在增加了先心病, 尤其是某种类型先心病发生的风险。","keywords":"生活环境中化学因素与先天性心脏病的相关性——【找良医】_洞医","title":"生活环境中化学因素与先天性心脏病的相关性——【找良医】_洞医","channels":null},"identificate":{"id":"b24baed2f19b11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1486956169485,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","realName":"hng ","certifiedStatus":2,"phone":"13911686944","email":"hgfhgf@qq.com","hospitalId":"14654","departmentId":"2085","illName":"良性阵发性位置性眩晕","illId":"d3249cd6a90711e7a3d800163e04584d","cardType":1,"cardImg":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1532705618392.png","idCardImg":"","identityType":2,"stop":0,"departmentName":"耳鼻咽喉头颈外科","hospitalName":null},"canEdit":null,"adList":[],"lyBar":{"id":"1869","isDel":0,"createAt":1483430783289,"createBy":"system","createName":"system","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"name":"先天性心脏病","type":102,"twoCode":"http://zhao01.com/zly_img/zly_wx.jpg","image":null,"provinceId":null,"cityId":null,"illId":"31681667badb11e6a61c00163e04584d","hospitalId":null,"keyWord":null,"totleTopic":0,"barDesc":null,"discussBarType":null,"metaSearch":"{\"channels\":{\"病友社区\":{\"description\":\"为病友提供:先心病论坛_先天性心脏病论坛_病友交流平台，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"先心病论坛_先天性心脏病论坛_病友交流平台\",\"title\":\"先心病论坛_先天性心脏病论坛_病友交流平台\"},\"治疗\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:先天性心脏病治疗方法_先心病能治愈吗_先天性心脏病病友的治疗经验等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"先天性心脏病治疗方法_先心病能治愈吗\",\"title\":\"先天性心脏病治疗方法_先心病能治愈吗\"},\"症状\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:儿童先天性心脏病症状_新生儿先天性心脏病症状等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"儿童先天性心脏病症状_新生儿先天性心脏病症状\",\"title\":\"儿童先天性心脏病症状_新生儿先天性心脏病症状\"},\"并发症\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:先天性心脏病并发症_先心病手术后并发症等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"先天性心脏病并发症_先心病手术后并发症\",\"title\":\"先天性心脏病并发症_先心病手术后并发症\"},\"饮食\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:先天性心脏病吃什么好_先天性心脏病饮食注意等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"先天性心脏病吃什么好_先天性心脏病饮食注意\",\"title\":\"先天性心脏病吃什么好_先天性心脏病饮食注意\"},\"病因\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:先天性心脏病怎么回事_先天性心脏病怎么引起的病友的治疗经验等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"先天性心脏病怎么回事_先天性心脏病怎么引起的\",\"title\":\"先天性心脏病怎么回事_先天性心脏病怎么引起的\"},\"病友求助\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:免费治疗小儿先心病_得了心脏病能活多久病友的求助等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"免费治疗小儿先心病_得了心脏病能活多久\",\"title\":\"免费治疗小儿先心病_得了心脏病能活多久\"},\"预防\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:先心病是怎么造成的_先心病 可以预防吗等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"先心病是怎么造成的_先心病 可以预防吗\",\"title\":\"先心病是怎么造成的_先心病 可以预防吗\"}},\"description\":\"为您提供:先天性心脏病的原因、小儿先天性心脏病、先天性心脏病病友的治疗经验等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"先天性心脏病的原因_小儿先天性心脏病\",\"title\":\"先天性心脏病的原因_小儿先天性心脏病\"}","adInfo":null},"isLikeThisTopic":null,"lastTopics":[{"id":"6186","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"如何做好先天性心脏病的护理工作？","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">大家也应该都听说过先天性心脏病这种疾病，很多宝宝在没有出生之前就会被诊断出患上了这种疾病，近些年来这种疾病的发病几率也在逐年的增高，导致宝宝患上这种疾病，主要是因为孕妇怀孕期间受到病毒的入侵所导致的，那么宝宝在进行手术之后，家长应该要如何做好<strong>先天性心脏病护理</strong>工作呢？找良医网帮您详细解答！</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1519721626414.jpg\" title=\"如何做好先天性心脏病的护理工作\" alt=\"如何做好先天性心脏病的护理工作\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">(1) 术后心血管系统护理：临床上根据患儿正常的动静脉血气分析指标、温暖的四肢末梢、正常的尿量，可以推定患儿有合适的心排量。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">(2) 术后呼吸系统护理：心脏术后受多因素影响引起呼吸功能障碍导致术后病程延长，增加住院费用和治疗护理上的难度。常用的监测方法包括耳垂、四肢末梢动脉血氧饱和度，X线胸片，以及呼吸机应用时的潮气量、气道阻力等监测。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">(3) 术后肺部护理：小儿呼吸系统有其特有的生理特点，术后容易发生肺部感染、肺不张等并发症而导致肺功能不全，影响心功能恢复。定时翻身、变化体位、拍背、雾化吸入等都是有效预防肺部并发症的护理。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">(4) 术后神经系统护理：体外循环手术后有时会并发脑部弥漫性或局限性损伤，其严重程度可呈可逆性或器质性损害，是术后严重并发症之一。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">(5) 术后消化系统护理：先心病术后因受麻醉、体外循环、镇静、肌松药物、应急反应等影响，患儿的消化系统可有不同程度障碍，以腹泻最为常见，饮食结构调整、忌油腻食物、调节肠道菌群药物运用等都是有效的护理措施。 &nbsp;</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1869","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1036","readLevel":0,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":6},{"id":"4568","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"先天性心脏病的家庭护理须知——【找良医】","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; 先天性心血管病是先天性畸形中最常见的一类。随着心脏诊断方法及外科手术治疗技术的进展，目前绝大多数先天性心血管病均能获得明确的诊断和手术矫正治疗，预后较前有明显的改观。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1487686757601.jpg\" title=\"1487686757601.jpg\" alt=\"u=91901328,3225936488&amp;fm=214&amp;gp=0.jpg\"/></p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　尽量让孩子保持安静，避免过分哭闹，保证充足的睡眠。大些的孩子生活要有规律，动静结合，既不能在外边到处乱跑（严格禁止跑跳和剧烈运动），也不必整天躺在床上，晚上睡眠一定要保证，以减轻心脏负担。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　心功能不全的孩子往往出汗较多，需保持皮肤清洁，夏天勤洗澡，冬天用热毛巾擦身（注意保暖），勤换衣裤。多喂水，以保证足够的水份。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　保持大便能畅，若大便干燥、排便困难时，过分用力会增加腹压，加重心脏的负担，甚至会产生严重后果。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　居室内保持空气流通，患儿尽量避免到人多拥挤的公共场所逗留，以减少呼吸道感染的机会。应随天气冷暖及时增减衣服，密切注意预防感冒。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　定期去医院心脏心科门诊随访，严格遵照医嘱服药，尤其是强心、利尿药，由于其药理特性，必须绝对控制剂量，按时、按疗程服用，以确保疗效。每次服用强心药前，须测量脉搏数，若心率过慢，应立即停服，以防药物毒性作用发生，危及孩子生命。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　 &nbsp;虽然先天性心脏病的病因尚不十分明确，但为了预防先天性心脏病的发生，应注意母亲妊娠期特别是在妊娠早期保健，如积极预防风疹、流行性感冒、腮腺炎等病毒感染。避免接触放射线及一些有害物质。在医生指导下用药，避免服用对胎儿发育有影响的药物，如抗癌药、甲糖宁等。积极治疗原发病，如糖尿病等。注意膳食合理，避免营养缺乏。防止胎儿周围局部的机械性压迫。总之,为预防先天性心脏病, 就应避免与发病有关的一切因素。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; 总之，积极地预防以及在平时更多地要关注一些生活小细节，加上药物的调理，正常生活，正常工作是不成问题的。</p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1869","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":5},{"id":"8941","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"心脏病十大“另类”症状","content":"<p style=\"margin: 0px; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512711169799.jpg\" title=\"心脏病十大“另类”症状\" alt=\"心脏病十大“另类”症状\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">心脏病最常见的症状是胸痛、胸闷、心慌等。除此之外，心血管疾病还有很多不明显的症状。英国《每日邮报》</span>10月1日最新载文，刊出多位心血管病专家总结出的“心脏病10个另类症状”。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\">　<span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">1．走路时牙痛。利兹总医院心脏病专家克劳斯·威特博士表示，心绞痛是心脏病典型信号，而心绞痛症状也会体现在脖颈、下巴、手臂和肩胛骨之间或牙齿等身体其他部位。走路（特别是上坡）用力导致牙痛，是心脏病的一大典型却经常被忽视的症状。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　2．手背起黄包。英国心脏协会心脏病专家大卫·林德赛博士表示，手背或脚踝出现淡黄色或皮肤色鼓包可能是家族性高胆固醇血症（FH）的症状。这些淡黄色隆起其实是胆固醇沉积所致。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　3．流感好得慢。威特博士表示，流感五六天之后症状仍得不到改善，可能是心功能变差的一个信号。心肌炎与流感之间存在一定关联。心肌炎还会发生于病毒性喉炎或胸膜炎发作或之后，这些疾病容易被误诊为流感。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　4．头晕。心律不齐容易导致注意力无法集中。心电活动异常容易出现心跳过慢、过快或失常，还可发生大脑供血不足，进而导致头晕。西约克郡心脏病专家马休·费伊博士表示，起床或从座椅上起身感觉站不稳，是低血压症状。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　5．脱发。男性脱发可能是心脏病的症状。《内科学档案》杂志刊登哈佛大学医学院一项新研究发现，严重脱发的男性患心脏病危险增加36%，中度和轻度脱发男性心脏病危险分别增加32%和23%。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　6．指甲发青。费伊博士表示，手指或指甲发青表明血氧饱和度低和血液循环不畅，也是心衰、肺部疾病和雷诺氏病（肢端小动脉痉挛引起手或足部一系列皮肤颜色改变的综合征）的一个明显症状。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　7．ED。男性勃起功能障碍（ED）是血管疾病的最早症状之一。布里斯托尔皇家医院泌尿科专家拉杰·帕萨德博士表示，男性勃起功能是心血管健康的晴雨表。研究发现，40多岁出现ED的男性未来10年心脏病发作的危险增加50倍。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　8．异常出汗。英国帝国学院心脏病学专家加达·米哈伊尔博士表示，男女心脏病症状存在很大差别。男性患者常以胸闷、胸痛、压迫紧缩、呼吸困难为主要症状。女性也会有此类症状，但是气短、下巴不适、肩膀、上腹或后背疼痛、出汗、呕吐或疲劳等症状相对不明显。因此很多女性依然认为心脏病是“男性疾病”。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　9．腿疼。费伊博士表示，走路时小腿痉挛性疼痛是外围血管疾病的一大症状。外围血管疾病一旦发生，就应注意心脏等身体其他部位血管病变。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　10．耳垂出现褶皱。林德赛博士表示，耳垂褶皱与胆固醇水平偏高有关。《英国心脏杂志》刊登一项对300名男性死亡病例的解剖分析发现，这些患者的死亡通常与心血管疾病有极大关联。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1869","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1034","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":5},{"id":"13598","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"先天性心脏病分为哪几种","content":"<p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">如题，咨询一下先天性心脏病有哪几种分类？</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1869","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1033","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":5},{"id":"8450","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"先心病的常见症状有哪些","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1511945542791.png\" title=\"先心病的常见症状有哪些\" alt=\"先心病的常见症状有哪些\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、心衰</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">新生儿心衰被视为一种急症，通常大多数是由于患儿有较严重的心脏缺损。其临床表现是由于肺循环、体循环充血，心输出量减少所致。患儿面色苍白，憋气，呼吸困难和心动过速，心率每分钟可达</span>160次-190次，血压常偏低。可听到奔马律。肝大，但外周水肿较少见。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、紫绀</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">其产生是由于右向左分流而使动静脉血混合。在鼻尖、口唇、指（趾）甲床最明显。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3、蹲踞</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">患有紫绀型先天性心脏病的患儿，特别是法乐氏四联症的患儿，常在活动后出现蹲踞体征，这样可增加体循环血管阻力从而减少心隔缺损产生的右向左分流，同时也增加静脉血回流到右心，从而改善肺血流。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4、肺动脉高压</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">当间隔缺损或动脉导管未闭的病人出现严重的肺动脉高压和紫绀等综合征时，被称为艾森曼格氏综合症。临床表现为紫绀，红细胞增多症，杵状指（趾），右心衰竭征象，如颈静脉怒张、肝肿大、周围组织水肿，这时病人已丧失了手术的机会，唯一等待的是心肺移植。患者大多数在</span>40岁以前死亡。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">5、杵状指（趾）</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">紫绀型先天性心脏病几乎都伴杵状指（趾）和红细胞增多症。杵状指（趾）的机理：肢体末端慢性缺氧、代谢障碍、中毒性损伤。手指或足趾末端增生、肥厚、呈杵状膨大。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">6、发育障碍</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">先天性心脏病的患儿往往发育不正常，表现为瘦弱、营养不良、发育迟缓等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">7、其它</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">胸痛、晕厥、猝死。部分患儿则有体循环方面的症状，例如排汗量异常。（通常表现为大大超出正常同龄人的量）</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1869","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":5},{"id":"3043","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"先天性心脏病在临床中有什么表现？能治愈吗——【找良医】","content":"<p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1487685663693.jpg\" title=\"1487685663693.jpg\" alt=\"timg (22).jpg\"/></p><p><br/></p><p style=\"margin-top:12px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left: 0;margin-bottom:0;text-indent:32px;background:white;vertical-align:baseline\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;color:#333333\">&nbsp;先天性心脏病是儿童先天性畸形中最常见的一类，占畸形比例28%左右，很多人听说先天性心脏病基本活不过35岁，这是真的吗？很多患儿父母都会问，先天性心脏病能活多久？先天性心脏病能治好吗？</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:12px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left: 0;margin-bottom:0;text-indent:32px;background:white;vertical-align:baseline\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;color:#333333\"><br/></span></p><p style=\";text-indent: 32px;vertical-align: baseline;font-stretch: inherit;background: white\"><strong style=\"font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-stretch: inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;font-family:宋体;color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1px;padding:0\">先天性心脏病能治愈吗？</span></strong></p><p style=\";text-indent: 32px;vertical-align: baseline;font-stretch: inherit;background: white\"><strong style=\"font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-stretch: inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;font-family:宋体;color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1px;padding:0\"><br/></span></strong></p><p style=\"margin: 12px 0 0;text-indent: 32px;vertical-align: baseline;font-stretch: inherit;background: white\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;color:#333333\">&nbsp;对于先天性心脏病，最重要是尽早和及时的治疗。如果先天性心脏病患儿在5岁前就接受正规治疗，也有可能与正常儿童一样生长发育的，及早治疗，治愈的机会就越高。如果选择不治疗，那么最终的结果可能是因为心功能衰竭而死亡。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 12px 0 0;text-indent: 32px;vertical-align: baseline;font-stretch: inherit;background: white\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;color:#333333\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin: 12px 0 0;text-indent: 32px;vertical-align: baseline;font-stretch: inherit;background: white\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;color:#333333\">&nbsp;如果出现已经出现心功能衰竭的症状，那么治愈的可能性比较低，还有一些比较复杂的先天性心脏病，也是比较难治愈的，比如是大血管转位、单心室畸形、永存动脉干等，手术死亡率就有10%以上。如果治疗不及时，就是到时可以进行手术，也无法治愈。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 12px 0 0;text-indent: 32px;vertical-align: baseline;font-stretch: inherit;background: white\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;color:#333333\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin: 12px 0 0;text-indent: 32px;vertical-align: baseline;font-stretch: inherit;background: white\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;color:#333333\">&nbsp;随着医学技术的发展，一般的先天性心脏病患者可以通过心脏移植手术或矫正手术治愈，多数患者治疗后，可以恢复正常的生活。所以，对于先天性心脏病，不是想能活多久，而是积极面对，及时治疗。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 12px 0 0;text-indent: 32px;vertical-align: baseline;font-stretch: inherit;background: white\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;color:#333333\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\";text-indent: 32px;vertical-align: baseline;font-stretch: inherit;background: white\"><strong style=\"font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-stretch: inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;font-family:宋体;color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1px;padding:0\">先天性心脏病在临床中有什么表现？</span></strong></p><p style=\";text-indent: 32px;vertical-align: baseline;font-stretch: inherit;background: white\"><strong style=\"font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-stretch: inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;font-family:宋体;color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1px;padding:0\"><br/></span></strong></p><p style=\"margin: 12px 0 0;text-indent: 32px;vertical-align: baseline;font-stretch: inherit;background: white\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;color:#333333\">1.</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;color:#333333\">经常感冒或呼吸道感染，容易得肺炎。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 12px 0 0;text-indent: 32px;vertical-align: baseline;font-stretch: inherit;background: white\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;color:#333333\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin: 12px 0 0;text-indent: 32px;vertical-align: baseline;font-stretch: inherit;background: white\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;color:#333333\">2.</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;color:#333333\">生长发育状态差，身体吸收营养功能差，表现为消瘦和多汗，体质差。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 12px 0 0;text-indent: 32px;vertical-align: baseline;font-stretch: inherit;background: white\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;color:#333333\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin: 12px 0 0;text-indent: 32px;vertical-align: baseline;font-stretch: inherit;background: white\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;color:#333333\">3.</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;color:#333333\">先天性婴儿在吸奶时表现为无力或呛咳，呼吸急促。而大一点的孩子会经常感到全身乏力，蹲下来站立后容易晕厥。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 12px 0 0;text-indent: 32px;vertical-align: baseline;font-stretch: inherit;background: white\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;color:#333333\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin: 12px 0 0;text-indent: 32px;vertical-align: baseline;font-stretch: inherit;background: white\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;color:#333333\">4.</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;color:#333333\">嘴唇或指甲发紫，这是心脏病十分典型的症状。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 12px 0 0;text-indent: 32px;vertical-align: baseline;font-stretch: inherit;background: white\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;color:#333333\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin: 12px 0 0;text-indent: 32px;vertical-align: baseline;font-stretch: inherit;background: white\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;color:#333333\">5.</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;color:#333333\">通过听诊心脏的跳动，可以发现心率不齐或有杂音的现象。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 12px 0 0;text-indent: 32px;vertical-align: baseline;font-stretch: inherit;background: white\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;color:#333333\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin: 12px 0 0;text-indent: 32px;vertical-align: baseline;font-stretch: inherit;background: white\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;color:#333333\">以上就是先天性心脏病治疗和症状表现的相关介绍，希望对大家有所帮助。先天性心脏病是孩子在妈妈子宫内成长时因为某些原因形成了，所以各位准妈妈应该要了解先天性心脏病的病因，保护好自己，也就是保护好腹中的宝宝！</span></p><p><span style=\"font-size:19px;font-family:宋体\">&nbsp;</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1869","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":5},{"id":"1258","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"先天性心脏病的分类","content":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img title=\"1487684417642.jpg\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1487684417642.jpg\" alt=\"timg (23).jpg\" /></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　先天性心脏病是一种古老的疾病，我国古代《黄帝内经》中就有关于此病的描述。先心病的发病率约占足月新生婴儿的千分之七至千分之八，如果是早产儿的话，其发病率更高，是成熟儿的</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">～</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">倍。我国人口基数巨大，每年出生人口众多。按上述发病率计算，则每年新增各类先心病患儿近</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">20</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">万，此类患儿的生命健康受到严重的威胁，</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">岁以内的自然死亡率为</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">20</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">％～</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">50</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">％；再加上多种原因，真正得到有效治疗的患儿不足</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">1/3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">，因此，目前先心病已成为</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">5</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">岁以下儿童的最重要死亡原因。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&nbsp;<br /> <br /> </span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">先心病的分类：</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&nbsp;</span></strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\"><br /> </span>　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&nbsp;<br /> </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　</span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">非紫绀型先心病：</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&nbsp;</span></strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\"><br /> </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　先天性心脏病的种类繁多，其中以室间隔缺损、房间隔缺损、动脉导管未闭等最为常见，合起来占到了所有先心病的半数以上，这几种先心病的初始阶段均不会导致患儿缺氧，所以又统称为非紫绀型先心病。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&nbsp;<br /> </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　非紫绀型先心病一般表现为患儿呼吸困难、心力衰竭和生长发育滞后等，严重者早期夭折。因此，为了保障患儿正常的生长发育，心脏外科医师越来越强调早期手术，以尽早结束先心病带来的多种不利影响。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&nbsp;<br /> </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　当然，也有部分非紫绀型先心病的症状较轻，平时没有特别的异常表现，可存活至学龄前期，个别还能存活至成人期；在这种情况下，同样也要引起人们的重视，因为随着时间的延长、年龄的增长，心脏的负担日益加重、心功能受损，还可引起呼吸系统疾病，形成肺动脉高压；因为患儿家长对此认识不足，加之经济困难，临床上有不少患儿因出现了严重的肺动脉高压而失去手术机会，令人扼腕叹息。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&nbsp;<br /> </span>　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&nbsp;<br /> </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">　</span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">　紫绀型先心病：</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&nbsp;</span></strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\"><br /> </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　先心病中还有一类叫紫绀型先心病，这样的孩子在出生后立刻或是经过长短不一的一段时间后，会出现不同程度的缺氧表现，患儿嘴唇呈暗紫色，皮肤、指甲等部位发绀，活动能力极度下降。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&nbsp;<br /> </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　缺氧的危害更大，患儿形成低氧代谢，全身所有组织尤其是心肌细胞、中枢神经细胞都将受到不同程度的缺血缺氧性损害，早期死亡率更高；即使是能存活至学龄期，也往往留有体力、智力等方面的重度缺陷。临床上常见的紫绀型先心病有法洛四联症、大动脉转位、完全性肺静脉异位连接等。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1869","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":5},{"id":"8474","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"造成先天性心脏病的七种原因","content":"<p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">先天性心血管异常给家庭和社会带来巨大的不幸和深重的负担。研究发现，可<strong>致胎儿心脏发育畸形的高危因素</strong>有以下七种。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512022956214.jpg\" title=\"造成先天性心脏病的七种原因\" alt=\"造成先天性心脏病的七种原因\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　一、有先天性心脏病家族遗传史。兄弟姐妹同时患先心病、父母与子女同时患先心病的情况颇不少见了，而且其疾病性质甚为近似。若母亲所生的第一胎患有先心病，第二胎患病的可能性为</span>2%左右;若连续两胎皆为先心病者，再生的先心病儿可能增至10%。若母亲患有先心病，第二代患先病的危险性为10%。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　二、孕妇患有糖尿病而未经治疗和控制病情者，可致胎儿先天性心脏病的危险性为</span>2%，如果妊娠早期病情控制稳定，则危险性下降。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　三、孕妇在妊娠早期接触致畸药物，如锂、苯妥英钠或类固醇等，都可导致胎儿先心病的患病率达到</span>2%。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　四、妊娠早期受到放射性物质如</span>X射线、同位素等过量照射。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　五、病毒感染。妇女在怀孕最初</span>3个月，特别是怀孕3周-8周，如遭到病毒感染，胎儿易发生心脏血管畸形。其中风疹病毒是引起胎儿先心病的主要罪魁祸首。此外，流感、流行性腮腺炎、柯萨奇病毒、疱疹病毒等也往往是小儿先天性心脏病的“作案者”。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　六、近亲婚配。近亲婚配是使胎儿致畸而发生先心病的高危因素。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　七、不良嗜好。孕妇嗜好</span>“吞云吐雾”或丈夫吸烟、妻子“被动吸烟”可使胎儿畸形或小儿先心病发生。婴儿先心病发病率，吸烟母亲所生婴儿是不吸烟母亲的二倍。夫妻“酒后同房受孕”，会使胎儿染色体发生异常，生下患酒精中毒症的婴儿，大多数伴有心脏血管异常。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1869","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":5}],"pageObj":{"list":[],"list4Map":null,"pageBegin":0,"pageSize":5,"pageNumber":0,"totalPage":0,"totalRow":0},"loginUser":null,"replies":[],"forumUserFans":null,"herfList":[],"only":"0","topic":{"id":"3262","isDel":0,"createAt":1487687134208,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"生活环境中化学因素与先天性心脏病的相关性——【找良医】","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 先心病的发生率在活产新生儿中为4‰～50‰, 许多学者在不同的领域开展了对环境因素包括生物、化学、物理、社会心理诸方面的研究, 其中有关环境中的危险因素对人类出生缺陷的影响引起了公众和科学界的关注。妊娠早期是胎儿心脏发育的关键时期, 环境中致畸原的存在增加了先心病, 尤其是某种类型先心病发生的风险。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 由于商用和家用除莠剂的使用, 使得环境中这类化学品普遍存在, 某些化合物, 由于其高脂溶性和抗分解性, 如ddt, 在人体和环境中可持续存在许多年, 在人乳和脂肪组织中可检测到有机氯杀虫剂和其他稳定的有机氯化合物。目前已在许多美国人的脂肪组织中检测到一定水平的除莠剂化合物。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\"><br/>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 妊娠早期暴露于任何种类的杀虫剂, 均增加了婴儿出现大动脉转位的危险; 暴露于除莠剂、灭鼠剂发生大动脉转位的危险增加2-3倍。研究表明, 大动脉转位可能是妊娠早期与环境杀虫剂暴露有关的唯一的心血管畸形。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;大多数有大动脉转位的婴儿合并有多种心脏畸形47%伴有单纯室间隔缺损, 且75%以上生活在空气中释放有毒化学物质和存在有害废物场所为特征的两个地区。发生在这两个地区的病例发病风险增加13倍。妊娠第2个月暴露于一氧化碳与发生室间隔缺损的危险与污染物浓度呈剂量- 效应关系。妊娠第2个月暴露于臭氧, 增加了发生主动脉弓及瓣膜缺陷、肺动脉缺陷及瓣膜异常、共同动脉干缺陷的危险。而车辆是这些地区空气污染的主要来源, 污染物的主要成份是一氧化碳、二氧化氮、空气动力学直径小于10 um的颗粒物质和臭氧。高比例的一氧化碳、二氧化氮和气动力学直径小于10 um的颗粒物质, 在城市的逆温层堆积, 尤其是在寒冷季节。臭氧是产生在对流层继发于二氧化碳和碳氢化合物的污染物, 并以同季节相反的方式发生作用。在冬季, 高浓度的一氧化碳与平均风速有关, 风速影响着一氧化碳的发散, 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