任何的疾病对身体危害都不小，当出现以后要第一时间检查治疗，这样才不会因为拖延给身体带来更大的危害。而且要注意预防这病。接下来带朋友们了解一下肺炎的预防办法是什么呢。
\n肺炎的预防措施大解析
\n一、学会腹式呼吸
\n通过腹式呼吸，可调动中下肺部肺泡，加强呼吸深度，可以改善肺部的换气功能与血液循环，促使全身肌肉松弛，减轻支气管痉挛，缓解喘息症状。
\n二、坚持散步及慢跑锻炼
\n通过散步及慢跑的锻炼，可以改善和增强肺部呼吸功能，使肺泡能有足够的活动，有效地增强肺组织弹性，提高肺泡张开率，从而增加肺活量。
\n三、保持情绪乐观、稳定
\n每当急性发病时，首要问题是情绪必须乐观稳定，千万不要紧张，尽量使全身肌肉处于放松状态。因为心情过于紧张，会使全身肌肉处于紧张状态，氧的消耗量增加，容易加重缺氧。
\n四、养成随时饮水的习惯
\n哮喘发作时，呼吸加快，出汗较多，体内水的需求必然较正常人为多，缺水可致使气道内分泌物变得稠粘，难以顺利咳出，呼吸道受阻，加重了缺氧并使排痰困难。
\n预防得肺炎，疫苗最有效
\n据了解，目前，肺炎疫苗在我国尚未列入计划免疫内疫苗，接种肺炎疫苗是要自掏腰包的，那么有没有必要非给孩子接种呢?“肺炎有很多种，肺炎球菌是肺炎的主要致病菌。”朱晓华介绍，肺炎球菌(也称肺炎链球菌)感染可导致一系列疾病，如鼻窦炎、中耳炎、肺炎、脑膜炎及败血症等，甚至还会导致死亡，特别是两岁以下幼儿及免疫力缺损的人都是肺炎球菌的易感人群。“俗话说‘三冬三夏，铁打娃娃’，养过孩子的家长都知道，三岁以下孩子呼吸系统发育不完善，很容易患上呼吸系统疾病，包括肺炎。”朱晓华说，目前一个很严峻的现实就是，抗生素是唯一可以用来治疗肺炎球菌感染的方法，而且目前也有很多可以选择的抗生素品种，但由于一段时间以来抗生素的滥用，肺炎球菌对抗生素的耐药性日趋严重，肺炎球菌疾病的治疗难度越来越大、费用越来越高、治疗的周期也越来越长，这主要是因为细菌的耐药性越来越强导致的。因此，如果等到孩子患了肺炎再治疗，将会使孩子和家人都承受更多身体、精神和经济上的负担。
\n所以，对于肺炎球菌性疾病的预防胜于治疗，而注射疫苗就是一种非常有效的方法。比起生病后去医院看病、打针，既费时间又花金钱，孩子大人都受罪来说，还不如提前接种疫苗。朱晓华建议：“如果家里经济条件允许的话，建议家长带孩子，尤其是免疫力差、经常患呼吸道感染的孩子去接种肺炎疫苗。”现在的肺炎疫苗经过国内外多年临床应用被证明是安全的，而且免疫效果一般至少有5年，家长可以放心让孩子接种。
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治疗病毒性肺炎饮食疗法是个不错的选择，无毒害且无副作用，那么病毒性肺炎吃什么好呢？请看看下面的介绍。
食疗方：
材料：柚子肉5瓣，白菜干60克，北芪15克，猪瘦肉250克。
做法：诸药共煲汤服食，每日1剂，分两次服。
材料：百合50克，薏米200克
做法：加水5碗，煎成3碗，分3次服，每日1剂。
材料：核桃仁、冰糖各30克，梨150克
做法：共绞碎，加水煮服。每次1匙，每日3次。
材料：杏仁10克(去皮尖打碎)，鸭梨1至2个，冰糖适量。
做法：先将鸭梨切块去核，与杏仁同煮，梨熟加入冰糖，代茶饮用。
患者吃什么好?
①吃高营养容易消化的饮食。主食可吃米饭、面条、馒头、面包等，副食多吃肉、鱼、蛋、家禽和豆制品。一般每日早餐加鸡蛋1只，午、晚餐 各加肉类2-3两。
②发高热、食欲不振可吃半流质饮食，如大米粥、包子、馄饨等。副食如肉糜炖蛋、肉圆、蒸鱼等，每2-3小时吃1餐，每日6餐。也可吃流质如 牛奶、豆浆、米汤、麦乳精、藕粉、肉汤、鸡汤、炖蛋等，每日6餐。因流质供应热卡与营养素不足，故不宜长期采用。
③多吃清热生津的瓜果，如梨、西瓜、黄瓜、冬瓜、荸荠、桔柑等。
患者不适宜吃什么?
忌食辛辣、过咸食物。
戒烟、酒。
女,2岁4个月。半年都只是哮喘咳嗽，最近开始流鼻涕咳嗽，喉咙嘶哑
中医有什么方法治疗呢
","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1020","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":3},{"id":"3697","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"慢阻肺怎么办","content":"肺大泡，平时吃力，易感冒。天气一凉马上感冒
请给予治疗建议
","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1019","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2},{"id":"4778","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"病毒性肺炎的临床症状有哪些","content":"病毒性肺炎是由多种病毒感染引起的支气管肺炎。多发生于冬春季节。临床表现一般较轻。主要症状为干咳、发热、呼吸困难、紫绀和食欲减退。肺部体征较少，血白细胞计数正常或稍增高。胸部X线检查有斑片状炎症阴影。一般病程约1-2周。
\n病毒性肺炎是由多种病毒感染引起的支气管肺炎。常见是流行性感冒病毒，其次是副流感病毒、巨细胞病毒、腺病毒、鼻病毒、冠状病毒和某些肠道病毒，如柯萨奇、埃可病毒等，以及水痘、风疹、麻疹病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒。
\n感染从上呼吸道开始，气道上皮有广泛的破坏，粘膜发生溃疡，被覆纤维蛋白性膜。气道的防御功能降低，容易招致细菌感染，免疫状态低下者，尚可合并真菌、原虫特别是卡氏肺孢子虫感染。单纯性病毒性肺炎引起间质性肺炎，肺泡间隔有大单核细胞浸润。肺泡水肿，被覆含血浆蛋白和纤维蛋白的透明膜，使肺泡弥膜距离增厚。肺炎可为局灶性或广泛弥漫性，甚至实变。肺泡细胞和巨噬细胞内可见病毒包涵体。细支气管内有渗出物。病变吸收后可留有肺纤维化，甚至结节性钙化。
\n继发性细菌性肺炎:最常见的病原菌是肺炎链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌或流感嗜血杆菌。病人病情逐渐加重，或在暂时的改善后临床症状进一步加重，咳嗽，咳脓痰，并且出现肺部实变体征，X 线发现肺部有片状和斑片状阴影。
\nReye 综合征。
\n心肌炎：有报道流感病毒性肺炎可以并发心肌炎。
\n一、一般治疗：
\n保暧，保持呼吸道通畅，防止水、电解质和酸碱失衡，必要时氧疗。
\n二、抗病毒药物：
\n金刚烷胺 0.1g, 2次/d，连用3～5天；病毒唑，10mg/kg，2～3次/d，口服或注射；板兰根、黄芪、金银花、大青叶、连翘等有一定的抗病毒作用。还可用α-干扰素，胸腺肽等。
\n三、继发性细菌感染时给予相应抗生素治疗。
\n","barId":"1697","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1016","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2},{"id":"3501","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"肺气肿是怎么回事 肺气肿有哪些临床表现","content":"
如今肺气肿的发病率逐渐增高，给不少患者带来了严重的伤害，同时让患者承受了很多痛苦，肺气肿在生活中并不少见，但很多人却并不明白肺气肿是怎么回事，毕竟没有亲身经历过。除了平时要积极预防肺气肿之外，碰到此类病情也别惊慌，及时治疗就可以了。
\n肺气肿是怎么回事
\n阻塞性肺气肿的发病机制尚未完全清楚。一般认为与支气管阻塞以及蛋白酶-抗蛋白酶失衡有关。吸烟、感染和大气污染等引起细支气管炎症，管腔狭窄或阻塞。吸气时细支气管管腔扩张，空气进入肺泡;呼气时管腔缩小，空气滞留，肺泡内压不断增高，导致肺泡过度膨胀甚至破裂。
\n细支气管周围的辐射状牵引力损失，使细支气管收缩，致管腔变狭。肺血管内膜增厚，肺泡壁血供减少，肺泡弹性减弱等，助长膨胀的肺泡破裂。在感染等情况下，体内蛋白酶活性增高。α1抗胰蛋白酶缺乏者对蛋白酶的抑制能力减弱，故更易发生肺气肿。
\n临床表现
\n临床表现症状轻重视肺气肿程度而定。早期可无症状或仅在劳动、运动时感到气短。随着肺气肿进展，呼吸困难程度随之加重，以至稍一活动甚或完全休息时仍感气短。
\n患者感到乏力、体重下降、食欲减退、上腹胀满。伴有咳嗽、咳痰等症状，典型肺气肿者胸廓前后径增大，呈桶状胸，呼吸运动减弱，语音震颤减弱，叩诊过清音，心脏浊音界缩小，肝浊音界下移，呼吸音减低，有时可听到干、湿啰音，心音低远。
\n1、有多年的咳嗽、咯痰史，症状多年加重。随着病性发展，逐渐出现气短、气促、胸闷、劳累后加重。
\n2、患者合并急性呼吸道感染时，咳嗽、咯痰、气急明显迅速加重，并可出现呼叶困难、紫绀及肺动脉高压症。
\n3、病情进展至后期，可导臻呼呼衰竭和右心衰竭。
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症状平稳、巩固治疗、吃薄荷糖减轻症状、睡眠差
能用中医治疗吗
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