小儿哮喘带给孩子的痛苦非常大，而且严重影响了孩子的正常生长，在哮喘患儿身体条件允许的情况下，运动量越多，症状就会越轻。哮喘患儿因情绪紧张，长期不活动，对疾病抵抗能力差，反而易诱致哮喘发作，因而在缓解期应鼓励患儿适当参加运动，如散步、慢跑、骑自行车、和游泳等。
\n下面来看看适合儿童哮喘的锻炼有哪些?
\n1、散步
\n散步是比较适合哮喘患者选择的运动项目。有研究表明，成年哮喘患者每周以中等速度散步3次，坚持12周后，其哮喘症状能得到明显控制。建议，散步前先热身5分钟，每次散步约半小时。
\n2、游泳
\n游泳也是一项非常适合哮喘患者的运动。患者在水中身体长时间处于水平位置，这能让肺底部所堆积的黏液得以疏导。游泳可使呼吸肌变得强而有力，增加胸廓的活动度，大大增加肺活量。游泳时身体成水平姿势前进。不过，泳池内氯气如果含量过高，可能诱发哮喘发作，游泳前最好先了解泳池中氯气的含量，并尽量选择通风较好的室外泳池。因此经常进行游泳活动，能够提高人体的体温调节功能，起到预防呼吸道疾病的作用。
\n3、慢跑
\n哮喘病人慢跑时，戴上一个薄口罩，就可以有效挡住空气中的各种漂浮物对呼吸系统的侵害，这样就不用担心因为呼吸过敏诱发哮喘了。哮喘病人也要运动，不要以为你一运动就喘，所以运动与你无关。因为肺活量受限，所以，哮喘病人常常懒得运动，但如果长期不运动，会使肺功能下降，身体抵抗力降低，抗病能力会更弱，反而会诱发哮喘，成人和儿童都是如此。
\n4、骑自行车
\n哮喘为过敏性疾病，骑自行车锻炼增强体质，可以减少哮喘发作，但不要过量运动。
\n温馨提示：在运动之前，最好先告知医生，并询问有没有需要特别注意的事项，以及服药方面是否需做调整。运动前，一定要做扩展身体的热身运动，让身体逐步升温能减少哮喘症状发生的可能性。运动中，尽量避免环境中温湿度的剧烈变化。
\n","barId":"1708","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1023","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2},{"id":"1721","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"结核病遗传吗","content":"
本报讯“结核病不是遗传性疾病，不会遗传。”近日，接受笔者采访的平顶山市结核病防治所有关专家说，“但它是一种慢性传染性疾病，可以造成家庭成员的相互传染而发生疾病。”
\n 结核病不会遗传给孩子，但它是传染病，可能会因为不注意而传染给家庭其他成员，包括
孩子。如果自己出现了“肺结核可疑症状”（咳嗽、咳痰持续2周以上，或伴有咯血的症状），就应该怀疑自己患了结核病，但是否真的患上了结核病，最好到当地结核病防治机构，做痰涂片结核病检查和胸部x线检查才能确定。
专家提醒说：得了结核病，应该注意休息，戒烟、戒酒，在饮食上，由于结核病是一种消耗性疾病，应该注意多补充蛋白，多吃肉、豆腐，也要多吃蔬菜和水果来补充维生素；避免吃过辣的、过于刺激的食物。另外，加强锻炼能提高身体素质，对康复也有好处；不过也要保持良好的心态及避免过度劳累。如果有痰应该把痰吐到痰盂，或者用纸包好，扔到垃圾桶里或者烧掉，千万不要随地吐痰。
\n","barId":"1708","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1022","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2},{"id":"4765","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"一定要服抗病毒药吗？","content":"
男，4岁，无不适。胃口好，乙肝少三阳27年，眼微黄15年，以前间中查肝功ALT都高一点，总胆红素110左右，没注意。近一周查肝纤四项正常，B超肝光点增多。DNA4.02*6次方，AFP阴性，总胆红素171，怕了！
男,11岁。全身强直 失神发作 头痛 一次发作数秒至十余秒 意识清楚，是癫痫吗，哪里看的好
","barId":"1708","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1019","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":4},{"id":"2500","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"预防难产提前准备","content":"准妈妈在走过十个月辛苦怀胎的日子后，最盼望的事，当然是迎接宝宝的哇哇坠地，但面对分娩除了兴奋的期待外，有些准妈妈却也存在一些隐忧，比方说，对生产过程痛楚的害怕，以及可能发生难产的恐惧。
尤其是，在经历漫长的产痛后，却被医师诊断为难产，需立即进行剖腹生产，此时又需面对另一种疼痛，对大多数孕妇来说，生一次痛两次实在是一大恶梦。
难产的原因知多少？
东元综合医院妇产部主治医师吴文艺指出，难产是泛指在分娩过程中出现某些情况，导致婴儿本身产生问题，或因母亲骨盘腔狭窄、子宫或阴道结构异常、子宫收缩无力或异常所导致。 实和联合诊所妇产科主治医师于西海也指出，难产依字面解释，即是「困难生产」的意思，临床上的表现是分娩过程缓慢，或甚至于停止。
而准妈妈分娩的过程主要可分为三个阶段：
一、是从阵痛开始至子宫颈全开，平均为十二小时以下，若初产妇超过二十小时、经产 妇超过十四小时都算是过长；
二、是由子宫颈全开至胎儿出生，平均为两小时；
三、是宝宝出生至胎盘娩出，一般为五至三十分钟。
在这三个阶段中，任何一个阶段不顺利导致生产时间过长，都可称为难产。
胎儿过大是最常见的难产问题
难产的原因和胎儿、产道和子宫收缩三者的互动息息相关。吴文艺医师说，胎儿本身造成的问题是难产的主要原因，最常见的情形是婴儿的头部太大，从超音波测量胎儿间顶距（bpd）可知头部大小。 若bpd超过10公分，生产是比较困难的；超过10.5公分，阴道生产就几乎不可能。
其它少数婴儿难产原因包括脑积水、胎儿长肿瘤、连体婴、巨婴及胎位不正如：臀部向下、前额向下、后枕位、横位等错误姿势，也会导致分娩困难。不过，由于科技医学的昌明，超音波的使用已普级化，胎位不正的问题都能在产前精确的掌握，而大幅降低了难产的发生率。
于西海医师也强调，胎儿的平均体重为3300～3400公克，太大的胎儿易造成产道的破裂及增加难产的机会。因此，准妈妈千万不要以「提供胎儿营养」为理由而对饮食毫无节制！怀孕期间，孕妇的体重增加宜控制在10～14公斤的合理范围内。正常的生产胎位应为头位，才能顺利生产。因此胎位不正如臀位、横位等都会造成难产。
适当规律运动降低难产风险
若不幸真的遭过难产的准妈妈，应该要有正确的认知，务必了解每一次难产都是个案，并不代表曾经难产即会再度难产。其次，定期产检有助于降低或消弭难产的情形，是最有效且最积极的作法。而家人如孕妇的丈夫、公婆或爸妈等，也应当负起协助的责任，与医师帮忙曾经有难产经验的妇女重建自信心。
此外，历经过难产痛苦的妇女，可多给自己一些时间平抚身心，再以一个健康及平和的心态来面对怀孕、生产这自然且宝贵的人生经验，如此一来，怀孕与生产将不再是一件害怕的事了。
基于协和儿科周华康教授等老专家的传承，自中华医学会全国儿科消化学组成立至今，协和儿科一直是学组成员单位。依托协和医院的消化内科医教研学术能力和检测设备（均处于国际、国内领先水平），自上世纪九十年代就开设儿科消化专业门诊，并开展了关于小儿消化系统疾病的诊治和发病机制研究，包括早产儿胃肠动力和胃肠喂养、幽门螺杆菌感染和消化性溃疡、功能性胃肠病（功能性腹痛、消化不良、周期性呕吐综合征、功能性便秘）等。消化系统疾病是小儿最常见的病症，其病因涉及多系统、多因素。
\n近二十余年随着对各种疑难杂症患儿诊治经验的积累，及儿科学科建设的发展、科研能力的提高及涉及胃肠功能和病变的各专业间紧密联系，不仅对常见的胃肠道疾病的诊治积累了丰富的临床经验，并与科室风湿免疫专业、遗传代谢专业、早产儿专业等专业紧密合作，对以往较少认识的病症如食物蛋白过敏性胃肠病、小儿炎症性肠病及各系统疾病所致的胃肠病症等病因研究和诊治，对疑难的超低出生体重儿的胃肠喂养和营养管理等均已达到国际前沿和国内领先水平，并在国内外率先开展新生儿和早产儿食管高分辨测压、24小时pH阻抗监测，逐步提高对儿童的食管动力功能的检测水平。已在国内外儿科核心期刊发表研究论文数十篇，多次在国内外学术会议上进行专题讲座及大会发言，并有专著出版。
\n","barId":"1708","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1013","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":15}],"pageObj":{"list":[],"list4Map":null,"pageBegin":0,"pageSize":5,"pageNumber":0,"totalPage":0,"totalRow":0},"loginUser":null,"replies":[],"forumUserFans":null,"herfList":[],"only":"0","topic":{"id":"5243","isDel":0,"createAt":1498397358974,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"小儿常见的血液系统疾病就诊指南","content":"
协和医院儿科能诊断和治疗各类小儿常见的血液系统疾病，包括：急性淋巴细胞性白血病、急性粒细胞性白血病、霍奇金病、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、朗格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症、营养性贫血、再生障碍性贫血、溶血性贫血、骨髓增生异常综合症、脾功能亢进、白细胞减少症等，尤其擅长小儿出、凝血疾病，如：难治性儿童特发性血小板减少性紫癜、先天性及获得性血友病、弥漫性血管内出血、易栓症等的诊断和治疗。
\n","barId":"1708","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1013","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":2228,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1498397358975,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1498397358975,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},"userAllInfo":{"id":null,"isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":null,"password":null,"level":0,"nickName":null,"realName":null,"signName":null,"head":null,"phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":null,"address":null,"identityType":0,"userType":0,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":0,"provinceId":null,"cityId":null,"userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":0,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"forumUserActiveInfo":{"id":"b1ba5254dfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":1705892489293,"updateBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","updateName":"小海螺","userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","topicCount":2201,"replayCount":900,"favorteCount":0,"beFavorteCount":0,"creamCount":2,"focusCount":1,"fansCount":4,"integralCount":2357,"foodCouponCount":0,"lastLoginTime":0,"lastLoginIp":null,"downloadCount":0,"uploadCount":0},"newPass":null,"focusBar":null,"counter":null,"forumUserIdentificateDto":null},"theme":{"id":"1013","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"topicTypeId":"1","topicTypeName":"资讯","themeName":"最新资讯","barType":"101","schemaName":2,"reward":0},"page":1,"favorties":true,"isSelf":false,"order":"asc"}