{"nowTime30":1785190977860,"lyBarModerator":null,"metaSearch":{"description":"部分未婚少女突然发现自己的乳罩上有湿渍，挤压乳头时候还有类似乳汁的液体流出，难免令她们紧张无措，多半是闭经泌乳综合症若的祸，那么闭经泌乳综合症怎么办？\n\n 在医学上把非哺乳期的乳汁分泌称为&ldquo;溢乳&rdquo;。正常情况下，血液中存在一种泌乳素抑制因子，它是由下丘脑分泌的，可抑制垂体分泌泌","keywords":"闭经泌乳综合症怎么办，排除垂体瘤是首要任务_洞医","title":"闭经泌乳综合症怎么办，排除垂体瘤是首要任务_洞医","channels":null},"identificate":{"id":"0300b4bddfaf11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484985344390,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","realName":"赵玉","certifiedStatus":2,"phone":"111111111111","email":"2276635444@qq.com","hospitalId":"31c19c1b453011e69d4700163e005165","departmentId":"2000","illName":"","illId":"793a72a2bb5f11e6a61c00163e04584d","cardType":1,"cardImg":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985951761.jpg","idCardImg":"","identityType":2,"stop":0,"departmentName":"儿科","hospitalName":null},"canEdit":null,"adList":[],"lyBar":{"id":"2588","isDel":0,"createAt":1498550122101,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","name":"解放军总医院妇产科","type":101,"twoCode":null,"image":"","provinceId":"110000","cityId":"请选择","illId":null,"hospitalId":"14614","keyWord":"解放军总医院妇产科","totleTopic":37,"barDesc":null,"discussBarType":null,"metaSearch":"{\"description\":\"洞医为您提供:中国人民解放军总医院妇产科、北京301医院产科、301医院产科、病友的治疗经验等相关知识，帮您在求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"中国人民解放军总医院妇产科_北京301医院产科_301医院产科_洞医\",\"title\":\"中国人民解放军总医院妇产科_北京301医院产科_301医院产科_洞医\"}","adInfo":null},"isLikeThisTopic":null,"lastTopics":[{"id":"5295","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"妊娠滋养细胞肿瘤，幸福中潜伏的大不幸","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp; </span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">妊娠滋养细胞肿瘤</span></strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">，是幸福中潜伏的大不幸，对此，只能老生常谈地说：防病比治病更重要&hellip;&hellip;</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">妊娠期恶性肿瘤极罕见，其中相对常见的是乳腺癌和宫颈癌。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">每</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">3000~10000</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">次妊娠中就有</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">例乳腺癌。据统计，随着更多的妇女延迟生育，其发病率会有所升高。妊娠期间，乳腺组织发生多种激素和细胞的变化，暴露于高水平的雌、孕激素，一些癌基因将启动表达，导致癌瘤产生。乳腺癌患者存在高自然流产倾向，即使孕期平顺，由于妊娠期的乳癌往往恶性度较高，一旦确诊还是需要及早治疗，胎儿能否保全要跟据胎龄分别对待。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">宫颈癌是妊娠期最常见的恶性肿瘤，每</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1200~2200</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">例妊娠中便会有一例。妊娠期间发现宫颈上皮有不典型病变（即癌前病变）是对医生的挑战，如果象非孕期一样处理，会有出血、感染、诱发流产或早产的顾虑。宫颈涂片异常者，应行阴道镜检查，但活检往往延期至妊娠中期再进行，以使自然流产的危险性降至最低。根据病变的程度和所处孕周，最终的治疗，如局部切除或宫颈</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">/</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">子宫切除等可推迟至产后，但不无风险。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">&nbsp; &nbsp;随着医学的进展，早期的宫颈癌可行保留生育功能的手术，为患者治愈肿瘤后仍可实现生儿育女的夙愿提供了可能。</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">但毕竟宫颈癌是一种具有较长癌前病变阶段，且可以早诊断早治疗的肿瘤，着实应该避免上述这种癌瘤与妊娠冲撞的尴尬情况。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">妊娠滋养细胞肿瘤关键知识点：</span></strong></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、成年女性应学习乳房自我检查法，尤其家族史高危对象。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、孕前完善宫颈涂片筛查。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、孕期出血莫忘癌瘤凶险</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"2588","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1023","readLevel":0,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":1},{"id":"5314","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"产褥期名词解释_产褥期是多少天_产褥期护理与注意事项","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">新生命给家人带来巨大的喜悦，母子平安令亲属如释重负。但有时是脱离实际的一厢情愿，了解<strong>产褥期名词解释，产褥期是多少天，产褥期护理与注意事项</strong>将有助你实现彻底的母子平安。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;<img title=\"产褥期名词解释_产褥期是多少天_\t 产褥期护理与注意事项\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1498752206743.jpg\" alt=\"产褥期名词解释_产褥期是多少天_\t 产褥期护理与注意事项\" width=\"400\" height=\"295\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">产褥期</span></strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">，是指产后全身各器官除乳腺外恢复或接近正常非孕状态所需的一段时间，通常规定为６周。在此期间，可能出现晚期出血，以产后１～２周发病最常见，最晚迟至６周后发病的。引起出血的常见原因是胎盘或胎膜残留，子宫胎盘附着面感染或复旧不全，最好的办法是清理宫腔和抗菌素治疗。少部分产妇还可能遭遇剖宫产子宫伤口裂开和滋养细胞肿瘤等罕见变故。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"产褥期名词解释_产褥期是多少天_\t 产褥期护理与注意事项\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1498752199232.jpg\" alt=\"产褥期名词解释_产褥期是多少天_\t 产褥期护理与注意事项\" width=\"400\" height=\"264\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">产褥期</span></strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">还可能发生各种感染。由于分娩降低或破坏女性生殖道的防御功能和自净作用，增加了病原体侵入生殖道的危险，加之产妇体质虚弱，失血后贫血，先前有胎膜早破、合并慢性内科疾病、产程长、手术操作多等病史，都可能成为感染的诱因。感染可表现为外阴炎、阴道炎、侧切伤口感染裂开、宫颈炎、子宫内膜炎、子宫肌炎、盆腔炎、腹膜炎、血栓性静脉炎等多种形式，共同的表现是发热、疼痛和白细胞升高，至于具体部位的确定需要仔细的查体和借助Ｂ超等辅助检查。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"产褥期名词解释_产褥期是多少天_\t 产褥期护理与注意事项\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1498751560924.jpeg\" alt=\"产褥期名词解释_产褥期是多少天_\t 产褥期护理与注意事项\" width=\"400\" height=\"262\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">哺乳引发的乳房护理也是产后常见和重要的问题。无乳着急，下奶后乳房的剧烈胀痛又更痛苦，有人将按摩时的感受形容为&ldquo;渣子洞的酷刑&rdquo;，可见其折磨人的程度。但这是必须要做的工作，否则乳汁淤积容易诱发乳腺炎。另外，哺乳方法不当或婴儿口腔运动失调可引起乳头皲裂，严重者会出血，甚至诱发感染。乳头皲裂和乳汁淤积同时存在，则感染的机会倍增。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">产褥期名词解释，产褥期是多少天，产褥期护理与注意事项的知识关键点：</span></strong></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、正常恶露有血腥味但无臭味，持续的时间个人差异较大。但当产后出院后再次出血超过月经量或血性恶露淋漓不尽，则需要返院就诊。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、晚期产后出血警惕绒癌和胎盘部位滋养细胞肿瘤。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、产后感染的预防要从产前开始：</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">3.1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、加强营养，增强体质，防止贫血；</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">3.2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、临产前２个月避免性生活和盆浴；</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">3.3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、及时治疗外阴、阴道炎，宫颈炎和慢性内科合并症。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">4</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、只要发热，就该仔细检查，不可掉以轻心。几种症候要警惕：</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">4.1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、局部伤口（会阴、腹壁）发红、疼痛或有脓性分泌物；</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">4.2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、腹胀、腹痛，子宫体大而软，有压痛；</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">4.3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、恶露多，粉红或脓性，有恶臭；</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">4.4</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、下腹坠或便意频频；</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">4.5</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、尿频、尿急、尿痛；</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">4.6</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、下肢疼痛、变粗或有压痛。</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"2588","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1022","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":1},{"id":"5318","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"孕妇七个月胎位不正怎么办_怀孕胎位不正的原因及纠正方法","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">多数胎儿习惯头朝下，但少数胎儿坐于其中，更令人挠头的个性宝贝横卧宫中，自得其乐，<strong>孕妇七个月胎位不正怎么办，怀孕胎位不正的原因及纠正方法</strong>有哪些？</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"孕妇七个月胎位不正怎么办_怀孕胎位不正的原因及纠正方法\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1498815369695.jpg\" alt=\"孕妇七个月胎位不正怎么办_怀孕胎位不正的原因及纠正方法\" width=\"500\" height=\"294\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">胎位异常最常见的是臀位，占足月分娩总数的</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">3-4%</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">，经产妇比初产更多见。因为胎头比胎臀大，而后出头使其未经产道挤压发生相应变形，造成娩出困难，加上脐带脱垂很常见，臀位分娩的围产儿死亡率是头位分娩的</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">3-8</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">倍。如果孕</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">30</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">周前发现臀位，多数都能自行转为头位。孕</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">30</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">周后仍为臀位就必须依赖外部力量予以矫正。常见的方法是产妇学习胸膝卧位，自己在家调整。通常要排过小便，松解裤带，持续</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">15</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">分钟，每日两次，连做一周后复查。另外，中医中国的穴位艾灸也能起到纠正胎位的作用，适当的情况下也可一试。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"孕妇七个月胎位不正怎么办_怀孕胎位不正的原因及纠正方法\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1498815877550.jpg\" alt=\"孕妇七个月胎位不正怎么办_怀孕胎位不正的原因及纠正方法\" width=\"500\" height=\"310\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">对母儿最不利的胎位是胎儿横卧于骨盆入口上面，称为横位，占妊娠足月分娩的</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">0.25%</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">。此胎位的活胎不可能经阴道分娩，处理不及时容易造成子宫破裂。一般胎儿采取这样的体位除了因为母体腹壁松弛、羊水过多或早产儿，胎儿活动空间相对宽松使然，往往也是逼于无奈，由于骨盆狭窄、子宫畸形或合并子宫肿瘤等影响胎头入盆。如果胎儿已经足月，最好在临产前行择期剖宫产终止妊娠。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"孕妇七个月胎位不正怎么办_怀孕胎位不正的原因及纠正方法\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1498815580040.jpg\" alt=\"孕妇七个月胎位不正怎么办_怀孕胎位不正的原因及纠正方法\" width=\"500\" height=\"337\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">即使胎儿是以头位分娩，也会因为脑后勺偏横或向后，头颈处不屈不仰，或歪着脑袋入盆等造成难产，医学上的术语分别叫枕横位、枕后位、高直位和不均倾位。发生这些情况可能与骨盆的形状有关，一般无法预测。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">孕妇七个月胎位不正怎么办，怀孕胎位不正的原因及纠正方法的关键知识点：</span></strong></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">34</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">周后仍为臀位的逆转可能性不大，做好接受剖宫产的准备。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、无论自然还是人工协助纠正胎位，除了孕周要合适外，重要的前提是羊水不少，否则既不容易成功，又容易发生脐带缠绕、胎盘早剥等严重并发症。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、胎位异常者容易早破水。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">4</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、枕后位和枕横位是阴道分娩过程中最常见的导致难产的因素，但在宫缩有力的情况下，</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">90-95%</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">都会转向前方而顺利分娩，余下的不幸者则只好转做剖宫产。</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"2588","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1019","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2},{"id":"5399","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"腹痛是怎么回事？引起急性腹痛的原因有哪些","content":"<p><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 38px;\">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 38px; font-family: 宋体;\">少女急腹痛，除了是在月经期，即使是本人和妈妈也很少首先想到妇科情况。那么<strong>少女腹痛是怎么回事</strong>？引起<strong>急性腹痛的原因</strong>有哪些？</span></p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img title=\"腹痛是怎么回事？引起急性腹痛的原因有哪些\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1499332510747.jpg\" alt=\"腹痛是怎么回事？引起急性腹痛的原因有哪些\" width=\"640\" height=\"566\" /></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">常见的<strong>少女急腹痛病症</strong>如下：</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、卵巢囊肿或肿瘤蒂扭转：中等大小、光滑活动的卵巢肿物，最常见的是成熟性囊性畸胎瘤，或是一些囊性和实性混合的肿瘤，由于重心偏离，而且将其连于子宫的韧带&mdash;即所谓的&ldquo;蒂&rdquo;坠得细长，随着体位或腹压以及肠蠕动的激烈变化，容易发生蒂扭转，连同输卵管一起转上半圈或数圈。由于卵巢静脉回流受阻，瘤内充血，瘤体增大，患者可出现剧烈的腹痛，伴有恶心、呕吐。尽管少数扭转轻微的囊肿可随体位改变而恢复原位，但通常情况下需要急诊手术予以纠正。手术及时，卵巢尚未坏死，可从容不迫地将其回转复位，然后将肿瘤从正常卵巢组织中剥离出来。如果延误了时机则有可能痛失一侧卵巢。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、黄体破裂：一般发生在月经后半期。排卵后的卵泡残余组织形成黄体，如内部出血或受外力挤压冲撞可破裂导致腹痛和腹腔内积血。如果出血较多可伴有肛门坠胀，甚至造成休克。急诊手术的目的是清除破裂的黄体和腹腔内积血，以免造成进一步失血或盆腔粘连。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、巧囊破裂：通常发生在月经期前后。巧克力样的囊液对腹膜刺激明显，患者疼痛剧烈、腹部据按，但无内出血不会危及生命。多主张先止痛抗炎治疗，带月经干净后择期手术。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">4</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、卵巢肿瘤破裂：除外力因素外，粘液性或浆液性囊腺瘤等可因上皮细胞生长活跃而自发破裂。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">5</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、对于青春女生有时也需要考虑有无宫外孕的可能。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">6</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、极少部分少女急性盆腔炎甚至形成脓肿的情况，手术可以帮助引流脓液，取材做病原体诊断以及彻底清理盆腔并局部用药等。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">少女腹痛是怎么回事</span></strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">？引起<strong>急性腹痛的原因知识的关键点：</strong></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、提前插尿管并膀胱注水做</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">B</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">超检查。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、容易想到的内、外科急腹症往往各有特点：</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2.1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、急性胃肠炎：常与进食某些食物有关，呕吐或腹泻症状明显。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2.2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、急性阑尾炎：&ldquo;转移性右下腹痛&rdquo;是较特异的表现。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2.3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、肠梗阻：停止排气、排便在前，腹痛、腹胀在后。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2.4</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、泌尿系结石：绞痛发作，尿中有红细胞。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"2588","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1016","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":8},{"id":"5306","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"怀孕初期心脏不舒服怎么办，千万马虎不得","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">妊娠分娩对于有心脏病的妇女而言，风险非常高，那<strong>怀孕初期心脏不舒服怎么办</strong>，不妨看看妊娠合并心脏病这些相关知识点，<strong>做以排查。</strong></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">妊娠合并心脏疾病的发病率为</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1%</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">～</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">4%</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">，在孕产妇死因中却位居第二位，仅次于产后出血。妊娠、分娩和产褥期的变化显著增加心脏的负担，原有心脏疾患的孕产妇非常容易诱发心力衰竭。在合并心脏病的种类中，以先天性心脏病发病率最高，约占</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">35~50%</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">，临床中风湿性心脏病的发病率呈现逐年下降趋势，妊娠期高血压疾病性心脏病、围产期心肌病、病毒性心肌炎、各种心律失常和贫血性心脏病各占一定比例。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">孕妇的血容量自怀孕第</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">6</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">周开始增加，</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">32~34</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">周达高峰，比怀孕前增加</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">35~40%</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">；心脏排出量到孕</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">4~6</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">个月时增加最多，也有</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">30~50%</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">之多，心脏的工作量增大，心肌会轻微肥大，心率也会加快；分娩期心脏负担进一步加重，每次宫缩时有</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">250~500mL</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">血液被挤入体循环，心排出量约增加</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">24%</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">，同时血压也增高；胎儿、胎盘娩出后，子宫突然缩小，胎盘供血中止，子宫血窦内约有</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">500mL</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">血突然进入体循环，同时腹腔内压力骤减，大量血液向心脏灌注，造成血液动力学急剧变化，心脏功能有缺陷的产妇难以承受；即使到了产后</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">天，心脏负担仍不见减轻，除子宫收缩使一部分血液进入体循环外，孕期组织间潴留的液体也开始回到体循环，上述三个时期是发生心力衰竭乃至生命危险的高危阶段。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">先天性心脏病常见的类型主要包括房间隔缺损、室间隔缺损和动脉导管未闭。如果缺损的面积很小，平时几乎没有症状或经手术矫治后心功能良好，孕前未发生过心衰，通常可顺利渡过妊娠和分娩。而如果缺损处血液分流较明显，伴有肺动脉高压，则妊娠后易发生紫绀和心衰，不宜妊娠。主动脉缩窄和较为复杂的心脏畸形，如法络四联征、艾森曼格综合征、马方综合征等，更难耐受妊娠，其母儿死亡率高达</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">30~50%</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">，此类妇女绝对不宜怀孕。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">风湿性心脏病以二尖瓣狭窄和关闭不全最为常见，程度较轻且心功能良好者可在严密监护下妊娠分娩。评价心功能除了超声心动图等客观指标外，临床表现也十分重要：</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">I</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">级，可胜任一般体力活动，无心慌、气短等症状；</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">II</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">级，一般体力活动稍受限制，可有心慌、气短、疲劳等症状，但休息后可缓解；</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">III</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">级，活动明显受限，难以进行一般体力活动，休息时无症状；</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">IV</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">级，休息时亦有症状。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">由妊娠本身引起的心脏病主要包括妊娠期高血压疾病性心脏病和围产期心肌病。前者由冠状动脉痉挛、心肌缺血引起左心衰竭，发病前常有干咳、夜间明显，易被误诊为呼吸道感染而延误诊疗时机。只要诊断处理及时得当，通常能渡过妊娠和分娩，待产后病因解除，病情自然缓解，多不遗留后遗症。后者多发生于妊娠最后</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">个月至产后</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">6</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">个月内，孕产妇既往无心血管病史而突发心肌收缩功能障碍和充血性心力衰竭，确切病因尚不清楚，可能与病毒感染、免疫、多胎妊娠、多产、高血压、营养不良和遗传因素等有关，产后可能遗留心脏扩大的后遗症。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">妊娠合并心脏病，心功能良好则胎儿相对安全，以剖宫产终止妊娠着居多，但胎儿娩出后体循环血流动力学的急剧变化对心脏的冲击仍不可避免，发生心衰的危险仍然是存在的。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">心脏病产妇不建议哺乳，其劳累对心脏的休息不利，应早下决心退奶。此次妊娠已发生过心衰的妇女，不宜再怀孕，即使是早孕人工流产也增加心脏负担，所以要落实避孕措施。</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"2588","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1015","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":7},{"id":"5293","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"阴道脱垂-阴道前壁脱垂-产后阴道下垂怎么办看专家怎么说","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp; </span></strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">阴道脱垂、阴道前壁脱垂、产后阴道下垂</span></strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">一般老年女性多见，偶尔三、四十岁的中年女性也可见到。有的老年女性发现阴道口处有肿物脱出，躺着时小，站立或下蹲时增大，虽然可以用手还纳，却又反反复复再现。这个&ldquo;肿物&rdquo;很碍事，有时会磨破出血，有时还会影响大小便，清洗阴部时能轻而易举地摸到自己的宫颈</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">子宫位于盆腔中部，前方与膀胱、后方与直肠相邻，下方与阴道相连通。子宫依靠其周围的几对固定与骨盆壁的韧带，悬挂于盆腔中。此外，骨盆底的多层肌肉和筋膜也形成一个强有力的&ldquo;托&rdquo;支撑着子宫及膀胱、直肠。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">正常分娩情况下，几斤大的胎儿在子宫和腹肌的强大收缩力推动下，通过扩张至</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">10cm</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">左右的宫颈口和扩张到极至的阴道娩出。此间，盆底的肌肉、筋膜和宫旁的韧带均发生了可恢复的损伤，若胎儿过大、胎位不正、助产不当则损伤会更加严重。产伤使生殖道支撑系统遭到了破坏，这成为发生阴道脱垂的基础。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">阴道脱垂多于绝经后表现出来，并随年龄的增长而加重。这则缘于卵巢功能的衰竭，雌激素水平的低落使骨盆支持组织（肌肉、筋膜、韧带）松弛无力。在曾经产伤的基础上，促发了阴道脱垂的发生和加重。最初可能只有阴道壁膨出，进而子宫部分脱出，最严重时子宫可全部脱出阴道口外，膀胱和直肠也被牵拉膨出。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">长期腹压增加，如慢性咳嗽、便秘，经常超重负荷，长时间蹲位或站立均是加重阴道脱垂的危险因素。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">尽量减轻分娩对盆底的损伤是减少阴道脱垂的关键。应做好孕期保健，减少难产的发生机会，到可靠的医院分娩，提倡产后保健操以加强盆底修复。对有症状，影响正常生活的阴道脱垂，手术是最有效的治疗方法。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">阴道脱垂、阴道前壁脱垂、产后阴道下垂关键知识点：</span></strong></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、孕期不宜过&ldquo;补&rdquo;，补得孩子太大，容易发生难产，对妈妈的损伤会更大。俗话说&ldquo;有苗不愁长&rdquo;，</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">6</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">斤多的宝宝最合适。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、不要惧怕甚至拒绝&ldquo;侧切&rdquo;，这个小口对孩子和妈妈都有很大的益处。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、坚持盆底操锻炼，及绝经后适当补充雌激素对预防阴道脱垂有益。</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"2588","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1013","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":1}],"pageObj":{"list":[],"list4Map":null,"pageBegin":0,"pageSize":5,"pageNumber":0,"totalPage":0,"totalRow":0},"loginUser":null,"replies":[],"forumUserFans":null,"herfList":[],"only":"0","topic":{"id":"5397","isDel":0,"createAt":1499331580154,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"闭经泌乳综合症怎么办，排除垂体瘤是首要任务","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">部分未婚少女突然发现自己的乳罩上有湿渍，挤压乳头时候还有类似乳汁的液体流出，难免令她们紧张无措，多半是<strong>闭经泌乳综合症若的祸，那么闭经泌乳综合症怎么办</strong>？</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"闭经泌乳综合症怎么办，排除垂体瘤是首要任务\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1499332439664.jpg\" alt=\"闭经泌乳综合症怎么办，排除垂体瘤是首要任务\" width=\"600\" height=\"346\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">在医学上把非哺乳期的乳汁分泌称为&ldquo;溢乳&rdquo;。正常情况下，血液中存在一种泌乳素抑制因子，它是由下丘脑分泌的，可抑制垂体分泌泌乳素。当下丘脑及邻近部位出现肿瘤或损伤时，泌乳素抑制因子减少便会导致垂体泌乳素的分泌失控而过盛，这就造成未婚未育的少女也会生出乳汁来。另一方面，当垂体出现泌乳素肿瘤时，也会刺激乳汁提前分泌。泌乳素瘤是一种良性肿瘤，除了过度分泌的泌乳素导致溢乳，还能抑制排卵，引起女性闭经和不孕。如果肿瘤体积增大，还会威胁到视力，并出现神经系统症状等。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">当乳头溢液呈浆状、粉红色，甚至血性，原因通常归结于乳房本身。大多数情况下，是由输乳管膨胀、发炎或小肿瘤引起的乳管壁发炎等良性病变引起的。需要注意的是，少部分情况情况下还可能是癌症的初发迹象，及早明确诊断和治疗可大大提高手术的成功率。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">闭经泌乳综合症怎么办知识的关键点：</span></strong></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1</span></strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、</span></strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">一旦有泌乳现象出现，必须马上就医。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、闭经、泌乳的情况首先要考虑排除垂体瘤，激素水平和蝶鞍像或必要时可以做头颅</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">CT</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">MRI</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">检查。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、小于</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1cm</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">的垂体微腺瘤可用药物治疗，较大的肿瘤一般采用经鼻入路的神经外科手术。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">4</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、内分泌科的医生和神经外科医生一般不推荐&gamma;刀（实质为一种放射治疗）。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">5</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、乳头溢液为血性，应从乳腺外科角度系统寻找病因，除外早期癌瘤。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; 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