{"nowTime30":1782525195060,"lyBarModerator":null,"metaSearch":{"description":"痛风俗称&ldquo;帝王病&rdquo;。随着社会进步，生活方式以及饮食结构的改变，痛风的发病率越来越高，仅次于糖尿病的第二大代谢性疾病。为此将痛风治疗方法之痛风用药全攻略奉献给各位读者。\n痛风与糖尿病一样，是一种完全可以控制的疾病，是有药可医的，本文结合参考文献以及最新的国内指南，将各种痛风治疗","keywords":"痛风治疗方法之痛风用药全攻略，都集齐了_洞医","title":"痛风治疗方法之痛风用药全攻略，都集齐了_洞医","channels":null},"identificate":{"id":"0300b4bddfaf11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484985344390,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","realName":"赵玉","certifiedStatus":2,"phone":"111111111111","email":"2276635444@qq.com","hospitalId":"31c19c1b453011e69d4700163e005165","departmentId":"2000","illName":"","illId":"793a72a2bb5f11e6a61c00163e04584d","cardType":1,"cardImg":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985951761.jpg","idCardImg":"","identityType":2,"stop":0,"departmentName":"儿科","hospitalName":null},"canEdit":null,"adList":[],"lyBar":{"id":"1699","isDel":0,"createAt":1483439342990,"createBy":"system","createName":"system","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"name":"北京协和医院内分泌科","type":101,"twoCode":"http://zhao01.com/zly_img/zly_wx.jpg","image":null,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110101","illId":null,"hospitalId":"15009","keyWord":null,"totleTopic":0,"barDesc":null,"discussBarType":null,"metaSearch":"{\"description\":\"洞医为您提供:协和内分泌科专家门诊、北京协和医院 内分泌科相关信息、北京协和内分泌科病友的治疗经验等相关信息，让您在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"北京协和医院 内分泌科_北京协和内分泌科_协和内分泌科专家门诊_洞医\",\"title\":\"北京协和医院 内分泌科_北京协和内分泌科_协和内分泌科专家门诊_洞医\"}","adInfo":null},"isLikeThisTopic":null,"lastTopics":[{"id":"3649","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"垂体前叶功能减退症患者注意事项","content":"<p><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26px;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; 1&nbsp; .垂体前叶功能减退症病程漫长，患者机体处于虚弱状态，中医药的辨证施治，尤其是补肾法的治疗，对促进机体功能的恢复极为重要。</span><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26px;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2.注意饮食调补，选择高热量、高蛋白、高维生素膳食。</span><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26px;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3.慎用或禁用安眠药、中枢神经抑制药及胰岛素类降糖药等，以免加重病情。</span></p>","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1023","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":1},{"id":"4916","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":" 冷饮好吃但不可贪多哦 当心“脑结冰”","content":"<p>冷饮好吃但不可贪多哦！小心&ldquo;脑结冰&rdquo;找上门，引发头痛！</p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img title=\" 冷饮好吃但不可贪多哦\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1496628230269.jpg\" alt=\" 冷饮好吃但不可贪多哦\" width=\"400\" height=\"267\" /></p>\n<p>近日，江苏淮安的孙女士在连吃了几个冰激凌后，感觉头疼，睡不着觉。经检查，孙女士被诊断患上了&ldquo;脑结冰&rdquo;（因大量快速进食冰冷的食物刺激口腔而引发的一种头痛连锁反应）。提醒：夏季不要贪食冷饮，如在吃冷饮时感觉头痛不适，不妨轻轻按摩头部，一般几分钟或十几分钟后症状会减轻。但如果出现持续恶心、呕吐、头痛等症状时应及时就医。</p>\n<header>&nbsp;</header>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://wx1.sinaimg.cn/large/006r20Ynly1fga3disi62j30b406rdid.jpg\" alt=\"冷饮好吃但不可贪多哦\" /></p>\n<p>关于冷饮好吃但不可贪多且看网友如何评论：</p>\n<p>战略忽悠局办公室主任：脑子不进水怎么会结冰？好像有点因果关系。。。。</p>\n<p>哎哎哎哎小太阳：上颚突然感觉到冰凉，把这样的信号传输给大脑，造成脑血管突然收缩，引起头疼，好像是这样，不是学医的，可能表述的不太严谨</p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img title=\" 冷饮好吃但不可贪多哦\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1496628915347.jpg\" alt=\" 冷饮好吃但不可贪多哦\" width=\"400\" height=\"272\" /></p>\n<p>小花狐小怪兽：脑结冰不是真正意义结冰，是&mdash;种比喻，大量进食冷饮，有人会引起头痛</p>\n<p>vita__J__：我有时候 吃太凉的，脑袋就凉的疼</p>\n<p>唧唧咋咋叽叽喳喳：前段时间深圳不是有个儿科医生手撕中医么。中医提出最好避免吃冷的，这哥们反对的很高调啊。</p>\n<p>oucren：吓得我出了一身汗，赶紧吃个冰棍压压惊</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1022","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":7},{"id":"1043","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"怎么知道自己得了甲亢","content":"<p><span style=\"color: #333333; font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', Helvetica, 'microsoft yahei', simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: #fcfcfc;\">女,27岁。就脖子下有一道明显的就肿大，有淋巴结年前才输5天液，前几天有犯了，这还没有好清了</span></p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333; font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', Helvetica, 'microsoft yahei', simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: #fcfcfc;\"><span style=\"color: #333333; font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', Helvetica, 'microsoft yahei', simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: #fcfcfc;\">我就想知道怎么知道自己得了甲亢，但是这脖子肿大的想甲亢</span></span></p>","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1020","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":3},{"id":"5424","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"肥胖和糖尿病的关系—减肥才能“如释重负”降糖","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">据最新统计数据显示，全球有三分之一的人超重或肥胖，我国的肥胖症患者呈爆炸性增长。想了解<strong>肥胖和糖尿病的关系，</strong>就需要先了解体重指数。在临床上，诊断肥胖以体重指数为标准，并结合体脂及腰围测定。体重指数的计算方法为体重除以身高的平方（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">kg/m2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">）。考虑人种和地域差异，采用中国标准即体重指数指数超过</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">24</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">为超重，超过</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">28</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">为肥胖。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">肥胖可以导致一系列并发症或者相关疾病，属于源头疾病，可以减少寿命，猝死风险随之大幅增加。与肥胖相关的健康问题包括：<strong>代谢并发症如糖尿病、胰岛素抵抗、</strong>高血脂、痛风等；心血管疾病如高血压、冠心病、脑卒中、充血性心力衰竭、静脉血栓等；呼吸系统疾病如哮喘、睡眠呼吸暂停等；生殖系统疾病如月经紊乱、不育、多囊卵巢综合症等。还可导致肿瘤、骨关节炎、消化系统疾病、尿失禁及精神疾病。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">对于超重或轻中度肥胖症患者而言，主要通过营养管理、体育锻炼、行为和生活方式调整、心理和社会支持，以及在内分泌科医师的指导下采取药物治疗。而对于重度和部分中度肥胖症患者来说，由于并发症多且严重，多饮多食的生活习惯根深蒂固，很难通过药物和饮食控制来达到目的，所以首选为手术方式。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">全球每年开展的减重手术约</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">20</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">万例。自</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2009</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">年北京协和医院基本外科于健春教授主持开展腹腔镜可调节胃束带减肥术以来，胃束带、袖状胃切除术和胃旁路术等三种国际主流腹腔镜减肥手术在北京协和医院均可开展，综合减肥治疗效果居国内外先进水平。</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1019","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":8},{"id":"5422","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"假性性早熟怎么办，以及假性性早熟原因","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">性激素可以促使并创造第二性征。反过来讲，也可以说第二性征是性激素的&ldquo;得意&rdquo;之作。在日常生活中如果口服外源性性激素（如女孩将避孕药当糖丸误服）患者也同样会出现与其所分泌的性激素类别相对应的第二性征，也就是所谓的假性性早熟。此类性早熟因没有大脑中枢的&ldquo;授权批准&rdquo;，和正常的青春发育程序完全不同，所以也称作外周性性早熟。在其发病过程中不依赖下丘脑分泌的</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">GnRH</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">的作用，故又被称为促性腺激素释放激素非依赖性性早熟。在青春发育之前的儿童体内，只要雄激素或雌激素达到一定量，就会产生与雄激素或雌激素相对应的第二性征。这一点在门诊所见到的分泌雄激素增多的先天性肾上腺皮质增生症（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">21-</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">羟化酶缺陷症或</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">11</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">&beta;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">-</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">羟化酶缺陷症）患儿，因肾上腺皮质分泌大量的雄激素而出现十分明显的男性第二性征的临床表现，就是一种典型的假性（或外周性）性早熟。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"假性性早熟怎么办，以及假性性早熟原因\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1500479447200.JPEG\" alt=\"假性性早熟怎么办，以及假性性早熟原因\" width=\"400\" height=\"277\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">通常来讲，假性性早熟患儿因没有性腺的发育，男孩不表现为双侧睾丸对称性的增大也就不会产生精子；女孩不会出现排卵，但可因雌激素大幅波动或撤退性出血，可表现为假性月经。</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1016","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":7},{"id":"4963","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"过劳肥跟猝死一样可怕 赶紧转给领导看看","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">过劳肥跟猝死一样可怕：由于工作压力大、饮食不规律、凌晨才睡觉，工作越繁忙的人越容易变胖，这种现象被称为</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&ldquo;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">过劳肥</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&rdquo;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">。记者、底层公务员、教师、社工、律师、电商、</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">IT</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">人员等是最容易患上过劳肥的人群。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"过劳肥跟猝死一样可怕\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1496970876296.jpg\" alt=\"过劳肥跟猝死一样可怕\" width=\"530\" height=\"422\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">过劳肥主要原因：</span></strong></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1</span></strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、睡眠不足导致饥饿激素增多</span></strong></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2</span></strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、压力激素皮质醇增加使人肥胖</span></strong></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">3</span></strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、现代人多坐、晚睡、垃圾快餐脱离不了关系</span></strong></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;<img title=\"1496970704264.jpg\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1496970704264.jpg\" alt=\"1.jpg\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">怎么量化猝死呢？具体的量化时间目前尚无公认的统一标准，分别有人认为其从发病至死亡的时间在</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">小时、</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">6</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">小时、</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">12</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">小时和</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">24</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">小时之内，有人认为也包括</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">48</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">小时之内的死亡者。世界卫生组织认为的时间是</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">6</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">小时之内，但这仅是一家之言。目前公认的是发病</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">小时内死亡者多为心源性猝死。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">如何预防猝死呢？冠心病猝死占全部心源性猝死的</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">90%</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">以上，预防猝死，其主要的目标是预防冠心病猝死，</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">预防心源性猝死的四道防线</span></strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">，防线不失，就不会发生心源性猝死。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1.</span></strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">第一道防线：防止冠脉斑块形成</span></strong></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2.</span></strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">第二道防线：防止斑块破裂</span></strong></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">3.</span></strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">第三道防线：防止室颤发生</span></strong></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">4.</span></strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">第四道防线：</span></strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">心肺复苏，通过心脏按压等措施为患者建立血液循环阻止死神的脚步</span></strong></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">关于过劳肥，看看网友的感受吧：</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">唐纬恒</span> <span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">：</span> <span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">原来我胖是因为我工作太忙了</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">天然无公害</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">i </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">：</span> <span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">太气人了！怎么吃吃不胖！真羡慕你们吃点就胖的人</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">晚上不吃饭</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">plus</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">：工作一年胖了</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">15</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">斤，最近心脏部位会突然疼一下</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">年轻时代</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">L</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">：过劳肥，我彻底不相信。只要天天干体力活绝对不会肥的。即使得了肥胖证也可以瘦下来。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">瘦了</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">23</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">斤的小苏苏：好不容易瘦了</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">20</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">多斤</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp; [</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">允悲</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">]&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">明年毕业出来工作我又得长胖的意思吗</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">往昔姑娘：我原先有个同事，进公司时</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">90</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">近，基本天天加班，不按时吃饭，半年后胖了差不多</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">20</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">斤，人都变形了，后面一直瘦不下去</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1015","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":7},{"id":"4948","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"大量运动出汗后，饮用碳酸饮料易导致低血糖晕厥","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">最近，徐州小李忙碌了一上午后猛灌两口可乐，结果可乐像在胸腔炸开一样，胸口闷疼，随后他栽倒在地上失去意识，眼角擦伤，脸也摔肿了。医生：大量运动出汗后，饮用碳酸饮料易导致低血糖晕厥，喝白开水补充水分就可以</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\">&nbsp;</p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img title=\"1496843836381.jpg\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1496843836381.jpg\" alt=\"\" /></p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">&nbsp;</p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img title=\"1496843682107.jpg\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1496843682107.jpg\" alt=\"\" /></p>\n<p><img title=\"1496843297287.jpg\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1496843297287.jpg\" alt=\"\" /></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">关于此事，相关网友如下评论：</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\">Hello<span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">浪漫仕：这个专家是个搬砖头的家伙。这解释跟幼儿园小朋友一个水平。正确的答案是：碳酸饮料，含的二氧化碳较高，剧烈运动后原本就呼吸困难，你又猛喝两口碳酸饮料，导致呼吸更加困难，胸口发闷，缺氧而窒息。你们听谁说过低血糖患者喝含糖量比较高的饮料会晕倒啊？这是绝对是白混工资，滥竽充数的&ldquo;砖家&rdquo;！</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">再现修罗刀：我以前就这样喝，眼前也是一片黑、那会年轻，现在不喝了</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">是你把敌人引到这来的：震惊！央视都曝光了还在给孩子喝这些吗？</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">冷火</span>272<span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">：小时候就喜欢这种感觉。大热天跑校门小卖部灌冰冻可乐，两眼一黑，再慢悠悠醒过来</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1013","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":7}],"pageObj":{"list":[{"id":"82f11418d0b611e9b15400163e0462f1","isDel":0,"createAt":1567781791072,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","targetUserId":null,"topicId":"5412","replyPid":null,"reply":"<p style=\"white-space: normal; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1567782577973.jpg\" title=\"痛风治疗方法之痛风用药全攻略，都集齐了\" alt=\"痛风治疗方法之痛风用药全攻略，都集齐了\" width=\"250\" height=\"343\"/></p><p style=\"white-space: normal; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: 宋体; text-indent: 32px;\">欢迎扫描二维码加入</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: 宋体; text-indent: 32px;\">QQ群，听听病友们怎么说，听听医生怎么说！</span></p><p><br/></p>","floor":1,"isAdopt":0,"type":0}],"list4Map":null,"pageBegin":0,"pageSize":5,"pageNumber":1,"totalPage":1,"totalRow":1},"loginUser":null,"replies":[{"id":"82f11418d0b611e9b15400163e0462f1","isDel":0,"createAt":1567781791072,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","targetUserId":null,"topicId":"5412","replyPid":null,"reply":"<p style=\"white-space: normal; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1567782577973.jpg\" title=\"痛风治疗方法之痛风用药全攻略，都集齐了\" alt=\"痛风治疗方法之痛风用药全攻略，都集齐了\" width=\"250\" height=\"343\"/></p><p style=\"white-space: normal; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: 宋体; text-indent: 32px;\">欢迎扫描二维码加入</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: 宋体; text-indent: 32px;\">QQ群，听听病友们怎么说，听听医生怎么说！</span></p><p><br/></p>","floor":1,"isAdopt":0,"type":0,"nickNameHead":null,"targetHead":null,"username":null,"nickName":null,"nickNameId":null,"targetNickName":null,"targetId":null,"targetUsername":null,"topicTitle":null,"forumUser":{"id":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1486775274108,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"13911686944","password":"000000","level":0,"nickName":"赵金亮","realName":null,"signName":"c","head":null,"phone":"13911686944","mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":null,"address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":1,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"forumUserActiveInfo":{"id":"fd502687f19a11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1486955865846,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":1588636711945,"updateBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","updateName":"13911686944","userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","topicCount":1669,"replayCount":744,"favorteCount":0,"beFavorteCount":0,"creamCount":229,"focusCount":2,"fansCount":2,"integralCount":3316,"foodCouponCount":9360,"lastLoginTime":0,"lastLoginIp":null,"downloadCount":0,"uploadCount":0},"forumUserIdentificateDto":{"id":"b24baed2f19b11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1486956169485,"createBy":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"13911686944","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"84404015eff611e6a61c00163e04584d","realName":"hng ","certifiedStatus":2,"phone":"13911686944","email":"hgfhgf@qq.com","hospitalId":"14654","departmentId":"2085","illName":"良性阵发性位置性眩晕","illId":"d3249cd6a90711e7a3d800163e04584d","cardType":1,"cardImg":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1532705618392.png","idCardImg":"","identityType":2,"stop":0,"departmentName":"耳鼻咽喉头颈外科","hospitalName":null},"forumUserFans":null,"lyClickLike":null,"likeClicks":0,"noLikeClicks":0,"checkcode":null,"replyPidReply":null}],"forumUserFans":null,"herfList":[],"only":"0","topic":{"id":"5412","isDel":0,"createAt":1499440519325,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"痛风治疗方法之痛风用药全攻略，都集齐了","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">痛风俗称&ldquo;帝王病&rdquo;。随着社会进步，生活方式以及饮食结构的改变，痛风的发病率越来越高，仅次于糖尿病的第二大代谢性疾病。为此将痛风治疗方法之痛风用药全攻略奉献给各位读者。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">痛风与糖尿病一样，是一种完全可以控制的疾病，是有药可医的，本文结合参考文献以及最新的国内指南，将各种痛风治疗药物做一总结，希望对各位病友能有所帮助。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"痛风治疗方法之痛风用药全攻略，都集齐了\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1499440652487.jpg\" alt=\"痛风治疗方法之痛风用药全攻略，都集齐了\" width=\"500\" height=\"371\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">治疗痛风遵循标本兼治，急治标，缓治本原则。诱发痛风根本的原因是血尿酸高，所以降尿酸药物是治疗痛风的基石，降尿酸无非通过抑制尿酸生成、促尿酸排泄和分解的药物来发挥作用，而痛风发作期需要抗炎止痛药物来解除患者的痛苦。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">因此治疗痛风用药将从两个角度予以讲解：降尿酸和消炎止痛。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">一、降尿酸药</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">降尿酸药包括促尿酸排泄药、抑制尿酸生成药、促进尿酸分解药及碱化尿液药。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、促尿酸排泄药</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">:</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">丙磺舒、苯溴马隆、苯磺唑酮</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">主要通过抑制肾小管对尿酸的重吸收，降低血尿酸。主要用于肾功能正常，尿酸排泄减少型。对于</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">24</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">小时尿尿酸排泄</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&gt;3.57mmol</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">或已有尿酸性结石者、或慢性尿酸盐肾病的患者、急性尿酸性肾病患者，不宜使用。在用药期间，特别是开始用药数周内应碱化尿液并保持尿量。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">①丙磺舒：主要在痛风发作间期和慢性期使用以控制高尿酸血症，适用于血尿酸增高、肾功能尚好、每天尿酸排出不多的病人，也用于噻嗪类利尿剂所致或有发生痛风危险的高尿酸血症的治疗，一般不作为癌症治疗所致高尿酸血症的辅助治疗。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">服药期间需要喝大量水，并加服碳酸氢钠，防止尿酸盐在泌尿道形成尿结石。肾功能低下，对磺胺类药过敏者慎用，不与利尿酸、氢氯噻嗪、保泰松、吲哚美辛及口服降糖药同服，伴有肿瘤的高尿酸血症者，或使用溶解细胞的抗癌药放射治疗患者，均不宜使用本品，因可引起急性肾病。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">②苯磺唑酮：保泰松的衍生物，具有强力抑制肾小管对尿酸的重吸收的作用，从而促进尿酸的排泄。一次服药作用持续</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">10</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">小时。适用于慢性痛风，痛风性关节炎。同丙磺舒，能抑制造血功能，长期应用时应定期检查血象。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">③苯溴马隆</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">:</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">苯骈呋喃衍生物，具有抑制肾小管对尿酸的再吸收作用因而降低血中尿酸浓度。口服易吸收，其代谢产物为有效型，服药后</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">24</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">小时血中尿酸为服药前的</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">66</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">．</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">5%</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">。用于治疗痛风。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">与乙酰水杨酸及其它水杨酸制剂、比嗪山胺同服，可减弱本品的作用。不良反应较少，仅少数病人可出现粒细胞减少，故应定期查血象。服药期间如痛风发作，建议所用药量减半，必要时可服用秋水仙碱或消炎药以减轻疼痛。不宜与水杨酸类、吡嗪酰胺类、利尿酸、噻嗪类利尿药合用。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">中至重度肾效用侵害者（肾小球滤过率低于</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">20ml/min</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">）及患有肾结石的患者，孕妇、妊娠期妇女以及哺乳期妇女禁用，治疗期间需大量饮水以增加尿量（治疗初期饮水量不得少于</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1.5-2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">升），以免在排泄的尿中由于尿酸过多导致尿酸结晶（喝水少会造成结石哦）。定期测量尿液的酸碱度，为促进尿液碱化，可酌情给予碳酸氢钠或枸橼酸合剂，并注意酸碱平衡，病人尿液</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">PH</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">应调节在</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">6.2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">～</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">6.8</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">之间。长期用药时，应定期检查肝功能。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、抑制尿酸生成的药物：别嘌醇、非布司他</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">①别嘌醇：该品及其代谢产物氧嘌呤醇通过抑制黄嘌呤氧化酶的活性（后者能使次黄嘌呤转为黄嘌呤，再使黄嘌呤转变成尿酸），使尿酸生成减少，血中及尿中的尿酸含量降低到溶解度以下的水平，从而防止尿酸结石的沉积，有助于痛风结节及尿酸结晶的重新溶解。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">别嘌呤醇不良反应较多，包括胃肠道症状（腹痛、腹泻、恶心、呕吐等）、肝功能损害（转氨酶升高、黄疸等）、肾脏损害（浮肿、少尿、蛋白尿、肾功能衰竭等）、骨髓抑制（白细胞、血小板减少或贫血等）和过敏反应。服用别嘌呤醇除定期监测肝肾功能、血常规外，还须注意过敏反应发生。过敏反应主要表现为各种类型的皮疹，发生于四肢、躯干皮肤，常伴瘙痒、发热等，严重者危及生命。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">别嘌呤醇引起的过敏反应潜伏期长，一般在用药</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1~3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">个月内发生，症状由轻至重，极易引起患者甚至医务人员的忽视。因此，服别嘌呤醇的患者如有皮疹伴随发热，首先要考虑别嘌呤醇过敏，应立即停药，给予对症处理。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">别嘌呤醇一般从小剂量起使用，就是为了规避过敏反应。过敏反应更青睐合并肾功能不全和服用噻嗪类利尿剂（如氢氯噻嗪）的患者，这类患者更需加强防范。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">②非布司他：黄嘌呤氧化酶（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">XO</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">）抑制剂，适用于具有痛风症状的高尿酸血症的长期治疗（不推荐本品用于治疗无症状性高尿酸血症），是目前副作用最小的降酸药物也是最贵的降酸药物，正在服用硫唑嘌呤、巯嘌呤或胆茶碱的患者禁用本药。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、促进尿酸分解的药物：拉布立酶、聚乙醇尿酸酶</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">这两种药物主要用于重度高尿酸血症、难治性痛风，特别是肿瘤溶解综合征患者或急性尿酸性肾病。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">拉布立酶具有很高的免疫原性，容易引起超敏反应，此外其半衰期短，须反复给药，价格昂贵，不利于推广应用。聚乙醇尿酸酶在免疫原性和半衰期方面有所改进，用于不能适应或忍受常规治疗痛苦的成人痛风患者。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">4</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、碱化尿液的药物主要有</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">:</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">碳酸氢钠片、枸橼酸钾钠合剂、枸橼酸氢钾钠、乙酰唑胺。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">以上药物具有碱化尿液的作用。由于尿中的尿酸存在游离尿酸和尿酸盐</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">种形式，作为弱有机酸，尿酸在碱性环境中可转化为溶解度更高的尿酸盐，利于肾脏排泄，减少尿酸沉积造成的肾脏损害。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">痛风患者的尿</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">pH</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">值往往低于健康人，故在降尿酸治疗的同时应碱化尿液，特别是在开始服用促尿酸排泄药期间，应定期监测尿</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">pH</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">值，使之保持在</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">6.2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">～</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">6.8</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">之间，同时保持尿量，是预防和治疗痛风相关肾脏病变的必要措施。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">二、消炎止痛药物主要有：非甾体类抗炎药（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">NSAIDs</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">）、秋水仙碱、糖皮质激素</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、非甾体类抗炎药（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">NSAIDs</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">）</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">非甾体类抗炎药均可有效缓解急性痛风症状，为一线用药。非选择性非甾体类抗炎药如吲哚美辛、布洛芬、双氯灭痛等常见不良反应为胃肠道症状，必要时可加用胃粘膜保护剂及质子泵抑制剂，活动性消化性溃疡禁用，伴肾功能不全者慎用。选择性环氧化酶（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">COX</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">）</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">-2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">抑制剂如塞来昔布等胃肠道反应较少，但应注意其心血管系统的不良反应。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、秋水仙碱是治疗急性发作的传统药物。秋水仙碱不良反应较多，主要是胃肠道反应，也可引起骨髓抑制、肝损害、过敏和神经毒性等。不良反应与剂量相关，肾功能不全者应减量使用。（秋水急性期是最见效的，秋水加上非甾体类抗炎药和冷敷</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">12</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">小时就能缓解大部分急性发作疼痛）。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、糖皮质激素治疗急性痛风有明显疗效，通常用于不能耐受非甾体类抗炎药和秋水仙碱或肾功能不全者。单关节或少关节的急性发作，可行关节腔抽液和注射长效糖皮质激素，以减少药物全身反应，但应除外合并感染。对于多关节或严重急性发作可口服、肌肉注射、静脉使用中小剂量的糖皮质激素。为避免停药后症状&ldquo;反跳&rdquo;，停药时可加用小剂量秋水仙碱或非甾体类抗炎药。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1019","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1629,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":1,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1499440519326,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1567781791092,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},"userAllInfo":{"id":null,"isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":null,"password":null,"level":0,"nickName":null,"realName":null,"signName":null,"head":null,"phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":null,"address":null,"identityType":0,"userType":0,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":0,"provinceId":null,"cityId":null,"userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":0,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"forumUserActiveInfo":{"id":"b1ba5254dfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":1705892489293,"updateBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","updateName":"小海螺","userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","topicCount":2201,"replayCount":900,"favorteCount":0,"beFavorteCount":0,"creamCount":2,"focusCount":1,"fansCount":4,"integralCount":2357,"foodCouponCount":0,"lastLoginTime":0,"lastLoginIp":null,"downloadCount":0,"uploadCount":0},"newPass":null,"focusBar":null,"counter":null,"forumUserIdentificateDto":null},"theme":{"id":"1019","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"topicTypeId":"2","topicTypeName":"治疗","themeName":"病友交流","barType":"101","schemaName":2,"reward":0},"page":1,"favorties":true,"isSelf":false,"order":"asc"}