{"nowTime30":1782525012161,"lyBarModerator":null,"metaSearch":{"description":"性发育异常的定义和概述：\n 性发育异常疾病是指，患者的外生殖器、性腺和染色体的性别不一致。性发育异常的外阴表现是一个连续的谱系，在临床需重点描述以下方面：有无睾丸及睾丸大小；阴茎长度；阴囊发育；尿道开口/位置；阴道开口/深度；阴蒂大小。\n染色体性别，决定性腺性别，而性发育异常的性腺类型多样，包括一侧","keywords":"听专家为您解读：什么是性发育异常疾病，性发育异常疾病的诊断和治疗手段有哪些_洞医","title":"听专家为您解读：什么是性发育异常疾病，性发育异常疾病的诊断和治疗手段有哪些_洞医","channels":null},"identificate":{"id":"0300b4bddfaf11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484985344390,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","realName":"赵玉","certifiedStatus":2,"phone":"111111111111","email":"2276635444@qq.com","hospitalId":"31c19c1b453011e69d4700163e005165","departmentId":"2000","illName":"","illId":"793a72a2bb5f11e6a61c00163e04584d","cardType":1,"cardImg":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985951761.jpg","idCardImg":"","identityType":2,"stop":0,"departmentName":"儿科","hospitalName":null},"canEdit":null,"adList":[],"lyBar":{"id":"1699","isDel":0,"createAt":1483439342990,"createBy":"system","createName":"system","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"name":"北京协和医院内分泌科","type":101,"twoCode":"http://zhao01.com/zly_img/zly_wx.jpg","image":null,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110101","illId":null,"hospitalId":"15009","keyWord":null,"totleTopic":0,"barDesc":null,"discussBarType":null,"metaSearch":"{\"description\":\"洞医为您提供:协和内分泌科专家门诊、北京协和医院 内分泌科相关信息、北京协和内分泌科病友的治疗经验等相关信息，让您在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"北京协和医院 内分泌科_北京协和内分泌科_协和内分泌科专家门诊_洞医\",\"title\":\"北京协和医院 内分泌科_北京协和内分泌科_协和内分泌科专家门诊_洞医\"}","adInfo":null},"isLikeThisTopic":null,"lastTopics":[{"id":"3649","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"垂体前叶功能减退症患者注意事项","content":"<p><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26px;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; 1&nbsp; .垂体前叶功能减退症病程漫长，患者机体处于虚弱状态，中医药的辨证施治，尤其是补肾法的治疗，对促进机体功能的恢复极为重要。</span><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26px;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2.注意饮食调补，选择高热量、高蛋白、高维生素膳食。</span><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26px;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3.慎用或禁用安眠药、中枢神经抑制药及胰岛素类降糖药等，以免加重病情。</span></p>","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1023","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":1},{"id":"3120","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"丹麦生蚝泛滥成灾，吃货谁皆可去，痛风的你却不能","content":"<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">　丹麦驻华大使馆官方微博</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">24</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">日发布了题为《生蚝长满海岸，丹麦人却一点也高兴不起来》的文章，称丹麦海岸遭遇太平洋生蚝的物种入侵，当地人对此束手无策。这篇文章在微博和微信朋友圈得到了大量转发，一时间很多人都知道了丹麦有大量生蚝吃不完。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">　　对痛风患者而言，痛风发病的原因是由于嘌呤代谢发生障碍</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">,</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">血液和组织中积聚大量尿酸和尿酸盐而引起。症状是手指、脚趾、膝、肘等关节疼痛肿胀，甚至变形。除了本次的生蚝不能替丹麦解忧愁之外，以下的饮食方面您也需要注意：</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">、高嘌呤类：豆苗、黄豆芽、芦笋、香菇、紫菜、动物内脏、鱼类等</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">2:</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">、中嘌呤食物：肉类、豆类、海鲜等</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">丹麦生蚝泛滥成灾，痛风的你却不能做贡献啦</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">完整的饮食原则如下：</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">1.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">保持理想体重，超重或肥胖就应该减轻体重。不过，减轻体重应循序渐进，否则容易导致酮症或痛风急性发作。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">2.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">碳水化合物可促进尿酸排出，患者可食用富含碳水化合物的米饭、馒头、面食等。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">3.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">蛋白质可根据体重，按照比例来摄取，</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">公斤体重应摄取</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">0.8</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">克至</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">克的蛋白质，并以牛奶、鸡蛋为主。如果是瘦肉、鸡鸭肉等，应该煮沸后去汤食用，避免吃炖肉或卤肉。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">4.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">少吃脂肪，因脂肪可减少尿酸排出。痛风并发高脂血症者，脂肪摄取应控制在总热量的</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">20%</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">至</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">25%</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">以内。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">5.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">大量喝水，每日应该喝水</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">2000ml</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">至</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">3000ml</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">，促进尿酸排除。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">6.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">少吃盐，每天应该限制在</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">克至</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">5</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">克以内。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">7.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">禁酒！酒精容易使体内乳酸堆积，对尿酸排出有抑制作用，易诱发痛风。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">8.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">少用强烈刺激的调味品或香料。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">9.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">限制嘌呤摄入。嘌呤是细胞核中的一种成分，只要含有细胞的食物就含有嘌呤，动物性食品中嘌呤含量较多。患者禁食内脏、骨髓、海味、发酵食物、豆类等。</span></p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"border: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; color: #191919; font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;\">&nbsp;</p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;\">10.</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;\">不宜使用抑制尿酸排出的药物。</span></p>","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1022","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":6},{"id":"2579","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"甲减怎么调理药物","content":"<p><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &#39;Hiragino Sans GB&#39;, Helvetica, &#39;microsoft yahei&#39;, simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: rgb(252, 252, 252);\">女,22岁。优甲乐一天服用两粒！现在怀孕16周，T3偏高怎么处理！</span></p><p><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &#39;Hiragino Sans GB&#39;, Helvetica, &#39;microsoft yahei&#39;, simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: rgb(252, 252, 252);\"><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &#39;Hiragino Sans GB&#39;, Helvetica, &#39;microsoft yahei&#39;, simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: rgb(252, 252, 252);\">甲减怎么调理药物</span></span></p>","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1020","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":1},{"id":"5284","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"五十岁的女人绝经谈虎色变话绝经","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 4px; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">常常见到四、五十岁的女人会因</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">40-50</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">多天没来月经而忐忑不安地来见医生。因此今天的话题是：<strong>五十岁的女人绝经谈虎色变话绝经</strong>。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 4px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">她们虽然担心自己是不是怀孕了，嘴上说&ldquo;这么大岁数了，要是真怀孕了那多丢人！&rdquo;但是心里却是偷着乐&ldquo;这说明我还年轻呀！&rdquo;，归根结底她们最怕的还是&ldquo;我是不是绝经了？如果真绝经了，我不就老了吗？&rdquo;</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 4px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">许多女性对&ldquo;绝经&rdquo;颇有&ldquo;谈虎色变&rdquo;般恐惧，面对&ldquo;绝经&rdquo;表现出&ldquo;无可奈何花落去&rdquo;的悲哀。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 4px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">女人惧怕绝经也并非是&ldquo;杞人忧天&rdquo;，其实是有道理的。卵巢功能在</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">20-40</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">岁期间最为旺盛，而后便开始走下坡路，卵巢激素水平的失衡是导致多种心理和生理功能紊乱，即&ldquo;围绝经期综合征&rdquo;的根本原因。我国妇女平均在</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">50</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">岁左右月经停止。一年无自然月经为绝经。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">40-54</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">岁绝经均属正常，而</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">40</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">岁以前绝经则为过早绝经，亦称卵巢早衰。绝经是卵巢功能衰竭的标志，也可以说是人体衰老的开始。从有卵巢功能衰退征兆到最后一次月经的时段称为&ldquo;绝经过渡期&rdquo;，为期数年不等，各人表现不一。绝经后人体老化的表现也各不相同。外观可见到皱纹、白发、脱发、眼花、耳背、体态与性情改变等，体内的变化则几乎遍布每个部位。一些老年性疾病也会接踵而来，心血管疾病、骨关节疾病、糖尿病、甲状腺病、精神心理疾病、肿瘤等等。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 4px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">自然规律永远是不能完全为人的意志所转移的，对于有月经的女性而言，绝经是必然发生的。随着经济的繁荣，生活的安宁，医疗保健的改善，人的寿命不断提高，近年统计我国女性人均寿命为</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">74</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">岁，这就意味着绝大多数妇女是必须经历绝经和绝经后的</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">20-30</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">年。&ldquo;谈虎色变&rdquo;固然可以理解，但让虎不来是不可能的，正确的态度是：坦然迎接&ldquo;老虎&rdquo;的到来，</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">以良好的心态和科学的武器与其周旋，最理想的情况还可能是训&ldquo;虎&rdquo;为&ldquo;猫&rdquo;。</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 4px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 4px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">关键知识点：</span></strong></p>\n<p style=\"margin: 4px 0; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">绝经是不可抗拒的自然规律，应该科学地认识它，愉悦地接受它。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1019","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":5},{"id":"2332","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"尿崩症早期有哪些症状","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　多尿使尿崩症病人不能正常休息,工作和生活均受到影响,长久下去可引发精神症状,虚弱,头痛,失眠,困倦,情绪低落.在劳累,感染,月经期和妊娠期时,烦渴,多尿可加重.那么尿崩症早期又有哪些症状？</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　<strong style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51);\">尿崩症早期症状有哪些？</strong></p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　尿崩症可发生于任何年龄，但以青壮年多见。男女的发病率相近。大多起病缓慢，往往为渐进性的，数天内病情可渐渐明显。少数可突发，起病有确切日期。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　突出的临床症状为烦渴、多饮、多尿。多尿表现在排尿次数增多，并且尿量也多，24h尿量可达5～10l或更多。尿液不含糖及蛋白质。尿比重通常在1.001～1.005，相应的尿渗透压为50～200mosm/l，明显低于血浆渗透压(290～310mosm/l)。若限制摄水，尿比重可上升达1.010，尿渗透压可上升达300mosm/l。若严重脱水时，肾小球滤过率明显下降，此时尿比重可达1.010以上。多尿引起烦渴多饮，24h饮水量可达数升至10l，或更多;病人大多喜欢喝冷饮和凉水。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　若有充足的水分摄入，病人的生活起居同正常人相近，可有轻度的脱水症状、唾液及汗液减少、口干、食欲减退、便秘、皮肤干燥、睡眠欠佳、记忆力减退，多尿多饮使病人不能安睡、影响休息，久而久之，影响工作，出现精神症状，头痛、失眠及情绪低落。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　在得不到饮水补充的情况下，可出现高渗征群，为脑细胞脱水引起的神经系统症状，头痛、肌痛、心率加速、性情改变、神志改变、烦躁、谵妄，最终发展为昏迷，可出现高热或体温降低。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　若饮水过多，出现低渗征群，也系神经系统的症状，头痛加剧、精神错乱及神志改变，最终可昏迷甚至死亡。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　继发性尿崩症，除多饮和多尿等表现外，还有原发病(所致病因疾病)的症状，此等症状可出现在尿崩症发生以前或以后。</p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　以上是尿崩症的早期症状，那得了尿崩症又有哪些注意事项呢？1.避免长期精神刺激。2.避免食用高蛋白、高脂肪辛辣和含盐过高的食品及烟酒。　3.忌饮茶叶与咖啡。</p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1016","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":4},{"id":"4221","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"垂体前叶机能减退病因是什么","content":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　面对垂体前叶机能减退这个疾病的发生我们还是比较常见的一种内分泌疾病了，它的发生严重的伤害了患者朋友们的身体健康，为此我们对于这个疾病一定要及时的去治疗，那么有关于垂体前叶机能减退病因是什么呢？让我们一起来了解一下吧：</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　<strong style=\"color: #333333;\">　病因和分类</strong></p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　(一)子宫性闭经：先天性阴道及(或)子宫缺如或发育不良均可引起原发性闭经。睾丸女性化(男性假两性畸形)是一种罕见的遗传性家族性疾病，由于体表形态为女性，常因无月经而来妇科就诊。性染色体核型为46，XY。过度的刮宫或严重的感染如结核等造成内膜损伤或粘连，哺乳时间过长使子宫内膜萎缩等，均可引起续发性闭经。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　(二)卵巢性闭经：因卵巢病变引起的闭经。先天性卵巢缺如或性腺发育不良(Turner氏综合征，约占原发闭经者的12～20%。多由于性染色体异常所引起，主要核型为45、XO由于性染色体异常，卵巢不能正常生长和发育。因此，卵巢呈条索状纤维组织。典型的临床特征为身材矮小、蹼颈、肘关节外翻、智力低下、后发际低及第二性征不发育等。继发闭经可因卵巢功能早衰、手术切除、放射治疗后以及卵巢男性化肿瘤等。后者可伴男性化特征，如多毛及阴蒂肥大等。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　(三)垂体性闭经：发生在青春期前的垂体肿瘤可导致原发闭经。但多见于继发闭经患者。主要因垂体受损引起功能不全，较常见于产后大出血伴休克、严重的产后感染或弥漫性血管内凝血(DIC)时，致垂体前叶缺血坏死，随之出现功能减退、闭经，亦称席汉氏综合征。此症除影响FSH外，还可累及TSH和ACTH的分泌，因而还可出现其他相应的症状，如消瘦、消化不良、畏寒、乏力、性器官萎缩、基础代谢低及毛发脱落等。垂体肿瘤可发生于蝶鞍内或外，可因机械性压迫或因肿瘤本身的异常功能导致闭经、性机能减退及其他有关症状，如视野障碍、头痛、泌乳和肢端肥大症等。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　(四)下丘脑性闭经：下丘脑受中枢神经系统控制，过度精神紧张、忧虑、恐惧、生活环境改变，均可引起中枢神经系统与丘脑下部功能失调，出现闭经。特别是年青妇女。卵巢功能尚不健全，更易出现紊乱现象。常首先表现在排卵功能异常而出现闭经。</p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 26px; padding: 8px 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal;\">　　垂体前叶机能减退病因是什么呢？经过了上文的介绍，相信朋友们现在对于这个问题都已经有了进一步的了解和认识了吧，垂体前叶机能减退的发生严重的伤害了患者朋友们的健康，为此我们面对这个疾病一定要高度重视，及时的去治疗它的发生。</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1015","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":1},{"id":"4923","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":" 人体排毒时刻表疯传多年 熬夜等于慢性自杀","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\"><img title=\" 人体排毒时刻表疯传多年 熬夜等于慢性自杀\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1496665964971.jpg\" alt=\" 人体排毒时刻表疯传多年 熬夜等于慢性自杀\" width=\"330\" height=\"220\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">21:00-23:00</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">，人体淋巴排毒；</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">23:00-1:00</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">，人体肝脏排毒&hellip;&hellip;近些年，网上流传着一张&ldquo;人体排毒时刻表&rdquo;，事实的真相是这样吗？戳&darr;不过熬夜对你的伤害是真的，再次提醒：日常生活作息一定要规律。爱他就转给</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">TA</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">！</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\" 人体排毒时刻表疯传多年 熬夜等于慢性自杀\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1496665859721.jpg\" alt=\" 人体排毒时刻表疯传多年 熬夜等于慢性自杀\" width=\"335\" height=\"1600\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">关于排毒时刻表，看网友怎么看：</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">柳一秋：光熬夜</span> <span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">就能死八回了</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">[doge] </span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">lilimiminini</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">：痘痘好不容易好了真的不敢随便熬夜，羡慕皮肤好的女孩子怎么作皮肤都那么好</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">兔小宁只猝死：每次熬夜就安慰自己就当过的是西半球时间，只要熬过之后睡足十个小时就好了</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">[doge] </span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">想找回自己的</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">az</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">：熬夜我也不提心吊胆总觉得自己寿命。。。不仅没有减少反而还多了</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">Brian</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">佛培：</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">[</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">微笑</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">]</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">真相，人体器官</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">24</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">小时运作，只在某特定时间段内运作的器官？不存在的</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1013","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":5}],"pageObj":{"list":[],"list4Map":null,"pageBegin":0,"pageSize":5,"pageNumber":0,"totalPage":0,"totalRow":0},"loginUser":null,"replies":[],"forumUserFans":null,"herfList":[],"only":"0","topic":{"id":"5434","isDel":0,"createAt":1500690288310,"createBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","createName":"小海螺","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","title":"听专家为您解读：什么是性发育异常疾病，性发育异常疾病的诊断和治疗手段有哪些","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">性发育异常</span></strong><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">的定义和概述：</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">&nbsp; &nbsp;性发育异常疾病是指，患者的外生殖器、性腺和染色体的性别不一致。性发育异常的外阴表现是一个连续的谱系，在临床需重点描述以下方面：有无睾丸及睾丸大小；阴茎长度；阴囊发育；尿道开口</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">/</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">位置；阴道开口</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">/</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">深度；阴蒂大小。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">染色体性别，决定性腺性别，而性发育异常的性腺类型多样，包括一侧卵巢</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">/</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">一侧睾丸，双侧卵巢，单侧卵睾，无卵巢或睾丸等不同表现。性反转（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">Sex Reversal</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">）的原因分述如下：如果染色体为</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">46,XX</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">而表现为睾丸和阴茎，可能原因为：染色体含有</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">SRY</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">基因或</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">SOX9</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">重复（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">duplication</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">）；如果染色体为</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">46,XY</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">而表现为卵巢和阴道的可能原因为：</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">SRY</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">基因丢失、</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">DAX1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">重复、</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">SOX9</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">单倍体不全、</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">SF1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">缺陷等。约</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">30%</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">的性发育异常疾病患者病因不明。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp; &nbsp;DSD</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">具有以下特点：（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">）多重效应：决定睾丸形成的基因有很多，在基因性别－性腺性别－外生殖器性别－社会性别等不同层面互相影响。（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">）剂量效应：表现在基因表达的剂量效应，如</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">SOX9</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">和</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">DAX1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">的表达。另外，雄激素水平越高，男性化表现也越明显。（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">3</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">）受体效应：如不同程度的雄激素抵抗，可产生完全不同的临床表型；（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">4</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">）时间效应：在女性胎儿</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">8</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">周之前，如果受到较高浓度的雄激素影响，尿道开口在阴茎的顶端；否则表现为阴蒂增大或尿道下裂。（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">5</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">）广谱效应：外生殖器的畸形从正常男性－尿道下裂－阴蒂增大－正常女性，表现呈连续性变化。（</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">6</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">）复合效应：在某些患者，体内存在两套性腺器官，各自发挥作用。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\"><img title=\"听专家为您解读：什么是性发育异常疾病，性发育异常疾病的诊断和治疗手段有哪些\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1500690423208.jpg\" alt=\"听专家为您解读：什么是性发育异常疾病，性发育异常疾病的诊断和治疗手段有哪些\" width=\"550\" height=\"344\" /></span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">正常性发育的模式：受到染色体性别</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">-</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">性腺性别</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">-</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">外生殖器性别</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">-</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">社会性别的层层调控；</span> <span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">其中很多转录因子，如</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">GATA4</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">ZFPM2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">WT1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">DAX1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">和</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">SOX9/DAX1/SF1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">等，在性分化中发挥重要的作用。任何一个转录因子的单倍体剂量不足或重复（三倍体），都可能导致性别分化异常。性别的正常分化，还需要依靠</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">AMH</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">及受体、睾酮及受体、</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">5a</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">还原酶等综合作用。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">性发育异常疾病的诊断和治疗：对于染色体为</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">XX</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">的男性化患者，可能的病因有：</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">CAH</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">，妊娠期高雄激素血症（外源，内源），</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">SRY</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">异位，</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">SOX9</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">重复，卵睾等；对于染色体为</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">XY</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">，但男性化不足的患者，可能的病因有：睾丸功能不全，性腺不发育，睾丸消失综合征，</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">LH</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">受体失活突变，</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\"> M</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">&uuml;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">llerian</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">管永存综合征，睾酮合成障碍疾病，</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">5</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">&alpha;还原酶缺陷，雄激素受体功能缺陷（完全雄激素抵抗和部分雄激素抵抗）等。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">&nbsp; &nbsp;性分化异常疾病的处理受到很多因素的影响，需要多学科干预，需要包括心理师、整形医生、内分泌医生、患者本人、重要家属成员等的综合讨论；尤其需要关注患者男性化的程度（阴茎大小）、对雄激素的反应、社会的文化、患者将来的性生活质量等。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">协和医院内分泌科还提供了雄激素抵抗、</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">5</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">&alpha;还原酶缺陷症、真两性畸形、</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">CAH</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">、</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">PORD</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体;\">病例的治疗经验分享，引起了良好的反响和热烈的讨论。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1699","topicTypeId":"1","topicThemeId":"1015","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1744,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1500690288312,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1500690288312,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},"userAllInfo":{"id":null,"isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":null,"password":null,"level":0,"nickName":null,"realName":null,"signName":null,"head":null,"phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":null,"address":null,"identityType":0,"userType":0,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":0,"provinceId":null,"cityId":null,"userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":0,"forumUser":{"id":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1484984778320,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"小海螺","password":"yiren2921","level":0,"nickName":"小海螺78","realName":null,"signName":"开心每一天","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1484985295689.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"2276635444@qq.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110108","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"forumUserActiveInfo":{"id":"b1ba5254dfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":1705892489293,"updateBy":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","updateName":"小海螺","userId":"b1a5ca4ddfad11e6a61c00163e04584d","topicCount":2201,"replayCount":900,"favorteCount":0,"beFavorteCount":0,"creamCount":2,"focusCount":1,"fansCount":4,"integralCount":2357,"foodCouponCount":0,"lastLoginTime":0,"lastLoginIp":null,"downloadCount":0,"uploadCount":0},"newPass":null,"focusBar":null,"counter":null,"forumUserIdentificateDto":null},"theme":{"id":"1015","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"topicTypeId":"1","topicTypeName":"资讯","themeName":"专家观点","barType":"101","schemaName":2,"reward":0},"page":1,"favorties":true,"isSelf":false,"order":"asc"}