{"nowTime30":1787661096791,"lyBarModerator":null,"metaSearch":{"description":"很多人都知道，一旦患上乙肝，就要接收治疗，服用各种各样的药物，自己身边的人的异样的眼光，都让他们承受着很大的压力，其实对于乙肝病人，心理疗法比药物更管用。心理疗法的内容主要包括：　　（1）消除负面情绪　　对于出现负面情绪的病人，应注意进行适当的引导，消除患者精 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style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">据目前的研究结果，急性乙肝的发病机制非常复杂复杂，虽经多年研究，但仍未完全阐明。目前的主要观点认为急性乙肝是肝细胞损伤而不是</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">HBV</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">在肝细胞内复制的结果，而是由</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">T</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">细胞毒反应所介导。人感染</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">HBV</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">后，可引起细胞免疫和体液免疫应答，并激发自身免疫反应及免疫调节功能紊乱。这些免疫反应对乙肝的临床表现及转归有重要意义。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">根据多年的临床研究，发现导致急性乙肝的发病的主要原因包括以下四个原因：</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\"><br/> 1</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">、慢性活动性肝炎见于免疫功能有缺陷和免疫调节紊乱者。感染</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">HBV</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">后，由于</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">Tc</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">细胞功能不正常，或特异抗体封闭部分肝细胞靶抗原而制约</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">T</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">细胞毒反应，致部分肝细胞损害。干扰素产生较少，</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">HBV</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">持续复制。特异抗体形成不足，肝细胞反复被</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">HBV</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">侵入，形成感染慢性化。此外，肝细胞膜特异脂蛋白（</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">Lsp</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">）因</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">HBV</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">感染而形成自身抗原，刺激</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">B</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">细胞产生抗</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">-Lsp</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">（</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">IgG</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">型），在抑制性</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">T</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">细胞（</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">Ts</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">细胞）活性降低情况下，自身免疫性</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">ADCC</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">效应致肝细胞进行性损害。</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\"><br/> 2</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">、急性肝炎当免疫功能正常感染</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">HBV</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">后，其细胞毒性</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">T</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">细胞（</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">Tc</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">细胞）攻击受染的肝细胞，由破坏的肝细胞释放入血的</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">HBV</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">，而被特异性抗体所结合，且干扰素生成较多，而致</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">HBV</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">被清除，病情好转终归痊愈。</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\"><br/> 3</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">、慢性迁延性肝炎和无症状</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">HBsAg</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">携带者当机体免疫功能低下时在感染</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">HBV</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">，不能产生有效的免疫反应，致肝细胞损害轻微或不出现肝细胞损害。尤其无症状</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">HBeAg</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">携带者，缺乏干扰素，不能清除病毒，以致长期携带</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">HBV</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">。</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\"><br/> 4</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">、重型肝炎急性重型肝炎的发生，由于机体免疫反应过强，短期内</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">T</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">细胞毒反应迅速破坏大量感染</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">HBV</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">的肝细胞；或短期内形成大量抗原抗体复合物，激活补体，致局部发生超敏反应（</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">Arthus</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">反应），造成大块肝细胞坏死；肠源性内毒素的吸收，可致</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">Schwartzman</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">反应，使肝细胞发生缺血性坏死；加以α</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">-</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">肿瘤坏死因子（</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">TNF-</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">α）、</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">IL-1</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">和白三烯等细胞因子由单核巨噬细胞释放，促进肝细胞损伤。亚急性重型肝炎发病机制与急性重型肝炎相似，但进展较缓慢。慢性重型肝炎的发病机制较复杂，有待进一步研究。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">综上所述，急性乙肝初期的治疗非常重要，目前医学界主要这样认为：急性乙肝在经过治疗半年之后，如果还不能痊愈，那么患者便会转为慢性乙肝，需接受抗病毒治疗。急性乙肝在治愈之后，不再具有传染性，而且被治愈的乙肝患者还可以终生得到免疫。目前尚未确切证据能证明急性乙肝能自愈。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px;line-height:200%\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:宋体\">相信通过阅读本篇文章，大家对于本病临床症状的相关知识已经有所了解，找良医网提示您：当出现类似病症时，希望大家引起注意，提高警惕，及早就医，检查治疗。在家庭护理中，一定要营造一个舒心的环境，这样才能有利于疾病的早日康复。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1925","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1036","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2},{"id":"1264","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"预防乙肝母婴传播干颈","content":"<pre style=\"line-height: 150%; background-color: white;\">　　感染乙肝病毒后发展为慢性感染的可能性取决于发生感染时的年龄，6岁内感染乙肝病毒最容易发展为慢性感染。健康成人感染乙肝病毒后，90%以上会在一年内自己恢复，发展为慢性感<br />染的可能性低于5%。在目前，母婴传播是我国乙肝的主要传播方式。女性孕前检查HBV-DNA，最好在DNA阴性时考虑怀孕。HBV-DNA阳性母亲的孩子出生后立即注射乙肝免疫球蛋白，越早越好，<br />并程序注射乙肝疫苗。同时避免生活中的陋习，减少乙肝母婴传播几率、降低青少年乙肝发病率有非常明显作用。\n&nbsp;\n1、何谓乙肝母婴传播?&nbsp;\n&nbsp;&nbsp;母婴传播是指乙型肝炎表面抗原阳性的母亲，尤其是表面抗原和e抗原双阳性的母亲可将乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)传给婴儿，引起婴儿HBV感染的过程。\n&nbsp;\n2、乙肝母婴传播的三种途径：\n&nbsp;&nbsp;第一种宫内传播，是分娩以前在宫内通过胎盘等途径传播，这种情况较少。\n&nbsp;&nbsp;第二种产时传播，发生在分娩过程中，由于母亲产道的血液、羊水和阴道分泌物都带有乙肝病毒，会使婴儿经口吞入或通过破损的皮肤黏膜而受传染，这种情况占绝大多数。\n第三种是产后传播，有可能通过哺乳或密切接触等途径传播，这种传播属于水平传播，比较常见。\n&nbsp;\n3、切断唾液传播\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;在50～80%乙肝病毒携带者的唾液中可以抓到乙型炎病毒，乙肝携带者母亲给孩子嘴对嘴地喂食物是个坏习惯，应该制止。\n&nbsp;\n4、孕妇HBsAg阳性\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;其新生儿除接种乙肝疫苗外，还必须在出生后12小时内注射乙肝免疫球蛋白。虽然乙肝病毒感染产妇的乳汁中可检测出HBsAg和乙肝病毒DNA，而且有学者认为乳头皲裂、婴幼儿过度吸<br />吮甚至咬伤乳头等可能将病毒传给婴儿，但这些均为理论分析，缺乏循证医学证据。即使无免疫预防，母乳喂养和人工喂养的新生儿的感染率几乎相同。所以，正规预防后，不管孕妇HBeAg阳性<br />还是阴性，其新生儿都可以母乳喂养，无需检测乳汁中有无乙肝病毒DNA。\n&nbsp;\n5、注射乙肝疫苗\n&nbsp;&nbsp;乙肝疫苗注射第二针、第三针提前或推迟几天打是没有问题的，乙肝疫苗抵抗乙肝病毒传染不能永久性，一般可以维持3-5年，专家建议每隔3年打一次加强针，特别是家庭有乙肝患者的妈妈<br />更应该做好这方面的工作。\n&nbsp;\n&nbsp;&nbsp;找良医网提示您：预防乙肝母婴传播干颈从妈妈做起。乙肝没有什么了不起，只是一种病而已，虽然仅靠药物不能治愈，但靠自己不让病毒损害自己身体是完全可以实现的。同时对于主要治病因<br />素我们要多加注意，避免孩子受乙肝病毒的侵扰。</pre>","barId":"1925","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2},{"id":"7699","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"乙肝出现肝掌症状怎么办","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1510884721820.jpg\" title=\"乙肝出现肝掌症状怎么办\" alt=\"乙肝出现肝掌症状怎么办\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">肝掌若是肝病患者急性期或炎症活动期宜卧床休息，待病情好转后再逐渐增加活动量；而若是乙肝病毒携带者、慢性乙肝患者以及代偿性肝硬化患者，可适当参加一些体力活动，因此使病情而定。</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">正常情况下，一些处于青春期的少女及孕妇由于雌激素分泌过多，超出了肝脏的灭活能力，也会出现肝掌和蜘蛛痣，不过这种情况可以不进行治疗，随着身体的发育或是分娩后就会自然消失。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　找良医网专家介绍：治疗同时饮食及生活也应有所注意，多食蔬菜水果、真菌类蔬菜、鱼类、豆制品、蛋类等，对疾病的治疗及肝掌的消退都很有利。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　乙肝出现肝掌症状怎么办？通过介绍相信你有一定的了解。平常身体感觉有什么不适，出现肝掌症的时候，请一定要及时上医院检查。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1925","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1033","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":1},{"id":"8876","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"乙肝患者更需要忌吸烟","content":"<p style=\"margin: 0px; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512626494522.jpg\" title=\"乙肝患者更需要忌吸烟\" alt=\"乙肝患者更需要忌吸烟\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">肝脏作为身体最大的解毒器官，在被乙肝病毒侵袭后，其解毒功能已经下降，这时如果吸入大量的烟，其中含有的尼古丁在体内蓄积又加重了对肝脏的损害，所以乙肝患者更需要忌吸烟。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">吸烟有害，尽人皆知。但仍有大量的吸烟者不顾损害自身和他人的健康，坚持吸烟陋习，后果可想而知。充分认识吸烟的危害，了解大量吸烟对于肝病患者的不良后果，对乙肝患者来讲，是特别重要甚至是生命攸关的。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　吸烟的危害首先在于烟草产生的烟雾中含有上千种有害物质，被吸入人体后，对多种内脏器官包括肝脏都有不同程度的损害，是导致疾病、诱发癌症的主要危险因素之一。大家都知道，尼古丁（烟碱）在体内积累的量越大，对人体的毒害也越大。１支烟中含的烟碱，可杀死２只小白鼠；４０支烟的烟碱就可以导致一个中等体重的成年人的死亡。作为解毒器官的肝脏，被乙肝病毒侵袭后，其解毒功能已经下降，而大量的尼古丁在体内蓄积又加重了对肝脏的损害，肝脏要想充分发挥其解毒功能就显得心有余而力不足了。此时的乙肝患者与常人相比，烟毒在体内更是肆无忌惮，危害性更大了。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　慢性乙肝患者，往往肝内微循环不畅，有淤滞现象。而尼古丁又可以损害循环系统，不但可使血管痉挛，还可以使血液的黏稠度增大，导致体内微循环不畅。同时，吸烟时大量吸人一氧化碳，会妨碍血红蛋白与氧的结合，造成机体缺氧血症。因此，乙肝患者大量吸烟，可加重肝内微循环障碍，并使肝脏供血、供氧不足，进一步加重肝脏的损害，使病情恶化。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　另外，值得一提的是，吸烟还能大大降低人体免疫力，容易感冒而引起各种疾病。对于肝病患者，即增加了感染等并发症的机会。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　有识之士大声疾呼抛弃吸烟这个不良嗜好，戒除烟草危害。对健康人尚且如此，相信患乙肝的朋友们自会明白，为了自己的健康，不仅不能大量吸烟，还应该坚决彻底地戒除吸烟的陋习。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1925","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":11},{"id":"6991","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"专家向您解答  乙肝有十个征兆要留心","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">乙肝的危害是很大的，如果在平时，您或者您身边人出现以下十个症状，那么就要留心了，很可能是</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\">乙肝症状</span></strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">哦，要及时就医诊断！</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1509939375836.jpg\" title=\"专家向您解答  乙肝有十个征兆要留心\" alt=\"专家向您解答  乙肝有十个征兆要留心\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/><br/><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1、消化道症状：</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">如食欲减退、厌油腻、恶心、呕吐、腹胀、溏便或便秘等。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2、黄疸：</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">黄疸是急性黄疸型肝炎的突出表现。先见于巩膜，尔后皮肤出现黄染，一般</span>2-3周逐渐消退。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3、疲乏无力：</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">是乙型肝炎最常见的症状。轻者工作效率下降，懒惰，重者全身疲乏无力、双腿沉重。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4、肝区痛：</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">肝区痛是乙型肝炎的常见症状之一，自觉右上腹或右季肋部持续性胀痛。于活动、久坐后加重，卧床休息后可缓解。右侧卧加重，左调卧可减轻。个别病人可发生针刺样或牵拉样疼痛。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">5、肝肿大：</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">肝肿大约占</span>60-95%，一般肿大程度不显著。急性期肝肿大较轻，质地柔软，随着病程的进展，肝肿大远渐增加、变硬。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">6、皮肤黝黑：</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">有时可见蜘蛛痣、肝掌，多见于慢性肝炎和肝硬化。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">7、腹水：</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">重症肝炎，部分慢性活动性肝炎，可出现程度不等的腹水。轻者易被忽略，可借助超声波检查确诊。重者形如蛙腹。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">8、脾肿大：</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">乙型肝炎病人有</span>20-30%发生脾肿大。急性肝炎一般只轻度肿大，质地较软，慢性肝炎脾肿大较急性肝炎多，肿大程度较显著，质地较硬。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">9、出血：</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">急性重型肝炎和亚急性重型肝炎有广泛的出血现象，如鼻衄、牙龈出血、皮肤疹斑，便血等。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">10、昏迷：</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">肝昏迷是肝功衰竭的一种表现，是肝脏疾病过程中极严重的症状。肝昏迷主要发生于重症肝炎和肝硬化。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span><br/></p>","barId":"1925","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":10},{"id":"1613","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"乙肝是如何引起的","content":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img title=\"1487503353049.jpg\" src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1487503353049.jpg\" alt=\"??????2.jpg\" /></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp; &nbsp;<span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">肝是人身体的重要部分，乙肝对人体的危害是可想而知的，稍微的有损害就会对身体产生很大的影响，乙肝的究竟有多大呢</span>?<span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">只有了解了乙肝的危害，使人们重视起来，才能提起人们的高度关注。找良医网将首先带您了解下乙肝的传播途径，乙肝的传播途径现在公认的是五个方面：第一，母婴传播。第二，医源性传染。第三，输血传播。第四，密切生活接触传播。　第五，性传播。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">乙肝在什么情况下容易诱发呢：</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp; &nbsp;<span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">乙肝病毒感染人体后，如果身体抵抗力强，免疫功能正常，而且治疗及时，那么乙肝病毒会很快被清除，乙肝在急性期就能治愈。但一旦乙肝病毒没能及时清除，乙肝会转为慢性，病毒会长期携带，检查表现为乙肝抗原阳性，这就是我们所说的乙肝病毒携带者。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">乙肝的临床表现和发展方向是什么呢：</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp; &nbsp;<span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">如果乙肝病毒在肝细胞内活动，复制繁殖，则可以出现临床症状，常见症状有：感觉肝区不适、隐隐作痛、全身倦怠、乏力，食欲减退、感到恶心、厌油、腹泻。病人有时会有低热，严重的病人可能出现黄疸，这时应该及时到医院就诊，如果延误治疗，少数病人会发展成为重症肝炎，表现为肝功能损害急剧加重，直到衰竭，同时伴有肾功能衰竭等多脏器功能损害，病人会出现持续加重的黄疸，少尿、无尿、腹水、意识模糊、谵妄、昏迷。</span> <span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">慢性乙肝患病日久，会沿着&ldquo;乙肝－肝硬化－肝癌&rdquo;的方向演变，这就是我们常说的&ldquo;乙肝三部曲&rdquo;，所以患乙肝后应采取治疗措施，并定期检查身体。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">生活中哪些坏习惯容易诱发乙肝呢：</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\">1.<span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">过度劳累：</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">　　过度劳累</span>(<span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">包括繁重的体力劳动和脑力劳动</span>)<span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">，可以破坏机体相对平衡的免疫状况，促使乙肝病毒复制加剧，肝脏负担加重，导致肝炎复发。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">　　过度劳累的情况有以下几种：长途跋涉、熬夜、精神高度紧张、工作压力过大、情绪波动、暴怒和斗殴以及房事过频等等。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\">2.<span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">饮食不节：</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">　　肝炎患者饮食当以清淡、营养丰富的食物为主，避免多吃油腻、油炸、辛辣食物，这些食物难以消化，会加重胃肠负担，肥甘厚味之品，容易郁结肠胃，化为湿热，损害脾胃，诱使肝炎发作。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\">3.<span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">饮酒</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">　　饮酒是引起肝炎复发最主要原因之一，酒在肝内氧化，形成有害物质乙醛，可以直接损害肝脏，因此肝炎患者必须禁酒。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\">4.<span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">误服或滥用药物：</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">　　肝炎患者因求治心切，往往相信广告宣传，服用各种自制中药制剂</span>;<span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">有的长期服用&ldquo;偏方&rdquo;、&ldquo;验方&rdquo;，有的用药不符合适应症，硬性乱用</span>;<span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">有的重复大量使用所谓保肝药</span>;<span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">有的误认为中药没有毒副作用，不加选择随便使用。肝脏在这些零乱、复杂的药物形成的化学反应的影响下，炎症和中毒情况越来越重，肝功损害日见加重。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\">5.<span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">变更环境</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">　　患者在病情平稳后不久，就改变原有的生活习惯和生活环境，如出差、旅行等，因生活环境、水土条件变更，造成体内环境紊乱而出现肝功异常。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\">6.<span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">季节变化</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">　　肝炎发作的季节各不相同，春、夏两季为肝炎容易发作季节，秋冬季发作者相对较少，四季肝功波动的概率分别是：春季波动者约占</span>22<span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">。</span>94%<span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">，夏季占</span>23<span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">。</span>85%<span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">，秋季占</span>9<span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">。</span>17%<span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">，冬季占</span>18<span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">。</span>34%<span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\">7.<span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">患其他疾病：</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">　　感冒、腹泻、胆囊炎、大出血也可以导致肝功波动。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">　　因此，肝炎患者平素一定要注意天气变化，保护好脾胃，调理好情绪，起居有常，尽量避免患上其他疾病。乙肝虽然是一种危害很严重的传染病，但还是可以预防的，只要每个人都掌握预防乙肝的知识，并认真去做，就可以把感染乙肝的危险减少到最低限度。</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 200%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"font-family: 宋体;\">相信通过阅读本篇文章，大家对于本病的相关知识已经有所了解，找良医网提示您：当出现类似病症时，希望大家引起注意，提高警惕，及早就医，检查治疗。</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1925","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2},{"id":"4489","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"乙肝治疗费用医保能报销最新进展","content":"<p style=\"margin-bottom: 31px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 30px;background: white\"><span style=\"font-size:17px;font-family:宋体\">世界卫生组织的数据显示，全球大约有2.4亿人慢性感染乙肝，每年估计有超过78万人死于肝硬化和肝癌等乙肝并发症。中国约有9000万乙肝病毒慢性感染者，除了长期担负医疗费用外，他们还可能在入学、就业等各方面遭到歧视。</span></p><p style=\"margin-bottom: 31px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 30px;background: white\"><span style=\"font-size:17px;font-family:宋体\">但是，在包括中国在内的许多国家，患者的经济承受能力仍然是个问题，罗氏也正在寻找各种解决方案。</span></p><p style=\"margin-bottom: 31px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 30px;background: white\"><span style=\"font-size:17px;font-family:宋体\">“我们已和一些省政府达成协议，将罗氏的药物列入省级医保目录。” 弗兰茨说。目前，赫赛汀在11个省份可以报销，覆盖3.5亿人口。</span></p><p style=\"margin-bottom: 31px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 30px;background: white\"><span style=\"font-size:17px;font-family:宋体\">然而，即使在一个省内，报销比例也不尽相同。“在浙江省的不同城市，赫赛汀的医保报销比例从50%到80%不等，这取决于每个城市的财政预算。”</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:21px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:21px;margin-left: 0;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:30px;background:white\"><span style=\"font-size:17px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size:17px\">在《国家基本医疗保险、工伤保险和生育保险药品目录》中明确规定用于治疗乙肝的长效干扰素是可以报销的，令人遗憾的是截止目前为止，依然有疗程限制，口服核苷类似物来治疗乙肝的可以报销的是拉米夫定、替比夫定和恩替卡韦这三种药物。</span></p><p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1489574687025.jpg\" title=\"1489574687025.jpg\" alt=\"1.jpg\"/></p><p><span style=\"line-height: 30px; text-align: justify; font-size: 17px;\">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span><span style=\"line-height: 30px; text-align: justify; font-size: 17px;\">对城乡居民患者来讲需要注意的是：乙肝治疗费用医保能报销须是以已经参加农村合作医疗保险为前提，也就是说只有在参加农村合作医疗保险情况下，才可以报销乙肝治疗费用。另外在报销比例方面也是有一定限制的，并不是百分百报销！</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:21px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:21px;margin-left: 0;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:30px;background:white\"><span style=\"font-size:17px\"></span></p><p style=\"margin-bottom: 31px;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 30px;background: white\"><span style=\"font-size:17px;font-family:宋体\">&nbsp;</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1925","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":4}],"pageObj":{"list":[],"list4Map":null,"pageBegin":0,"pageSize":5,"pageNumber":0,"totalPage":0,"totalRow":0},"loginUser":null,"replies":[],"forumUserFans":null,"herfList":[],"only":"0","topic":{"id":"8875","isDel":0,"createAt":1512625816585,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"乙肝病人心理疗法胜似药物","content":"<p style=\"margin: 0px; text-indent: 0px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512625812665.png\" title=\"乙肝病人心理疗法胜似药物\" alt=\"乙肝病人心理疗法胜似药物\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">很多人都知道，一旦患上乙肝，就要接收治疗，服用各种各样的药物，自己身边的人的异样的眼光，都让他们承受着很大的压力，其实对于乙肝病人，心理疗法比药物更管用。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">心理疗法的内容主要包括：</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　（</span>1）消除负面情绪</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　对于出现负面情绪的病人，应注意进行适当的引导，消除患者精</span> <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">神上的压力。</span></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　对焦虑患者，应让其了解疾病的康复是一个比较漫长的过程，治疗上也需要一个长期的过程。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　对悲观患者，应当让其了解，肝病并不是什么不治之症，它完全可以通过有效的治疗痊愈。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　对抑郁患者，应当注意经常同其进行交流，表达自己的关心和支持，并注意保持室内清洁卫生，以保证患者的心情快乐。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　（</span>2）加强理解沟通</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　对肝病病人进行心理治疗，应当注意随时与病人进行交流和沟通，理解病人的想法，帮助病人建立良好的人际关系，从而促进疾病的康复。家庭成员要及时了解病人的病情变化以及心理问题，帮助其正确面对这些问题，并时常进行自我监察，学会分辨错误认识，从而帮助其逐渐消除负面情绪和心理压力，树立正确的认识和良好的心态。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　（</span>3）保持良好的心情</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 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