{"nowTime30":1787661097303,"lyBarModerator":null,"metaSearch":{"description":"肝脏作为身体最大的解毒器官，在被乙肝病毒侵袭后，其解毒功能已经下降，这时如果吸入大量的烟，其中含有的尼古丁在体内蓄积又加重了对肝脏的损害，所以乙肝患者更需要忌吸烟。吸烟有害，尽人皆知。但仍有大量的吸烟者不顾损害自身和他人的健康，坚持吸烟陋习，后果可想而知。充分认识吸烟的危害，了解大量吸烟对于肝病患者","keywords":"乙肝患者更需要忌吸烟_洞医","title":"乙肝患者更需要忌吸烟_洞医","channels":null},"identificate":{"id":"5a3adeaa985911e8972100163e0462f1","isDel":0,"createAt":1533437016805,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","realName":"周鑫","certifiedStatus":2,"phone":"15525873223","email":"langlixunta@163.com","hospitalId":"14629","departmentId":"2035","illName":"","illId":"ac6f137def9411e7a3d800163e04584d","cardType":1,"cardImg":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1533437073284.jpg","idCardImg":"","identityType":2,"stop":0,"departmentName":"内分泌科","hospitalName":null},"canEdit":null,"adList":[],"lyBar":{"id":"1925","isDel":0,"createAt":1483430797988,"createBy":"system","createName":"system","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"name":"乙肝","type":102,"twoCode":"http://zhao01.com/zly_img/zly_wx.jpg","image":null,"provinceId":null,"cityId":null,"illId":"0cda4cb3badb11e6a61c00163e04584d","hospitalId":null,"keyWord":null,"totleTopic":0,"barDesc":null,"discussBarType":null,"metaSearch":"{\"channels\":{\"病友社区\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:乙肝论坛贴吧乙肝交流论坛_乙肝交流肝胆相照论坛等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"乙肝论坛贴吧乙肝交流论坛_乙肝交流肝胆相照论坛\",\"title\":\"乙肝论坛贴吧乙肝交流论坛_乙肝交流肝胆相照论坛\"},\"治疗\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:得了乙肝怎么治疗_乙肝如何治疗_乙肝如果不治疗会怎样_乙肝病友的治疗经验等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"得了乙肝怎么治疗_乙肝如何治疗_乙肝如果不治疗会怎样\",\"title\":\"得了乙肝怎么治疗_乙肝如何治疗_乙肝如果不治疗会怎样\"},\"症状\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:乙肝症状表现有哪些_刚得了乙肝有什么症状乙肝病友的治疗经验等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"乙肝症状表现有哪些_刚得了乙肝有什么症状\",\"title\":\"乙肝症状表现有哪些_刚得了乙肝有什么症状\"},\"并发症\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:乙肝并发症包括哪些_乙肝会引起什么并发症_乙肝病友的治疗经验等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"乙肝并发症包括哪些_乙肝会引起什么并发症\",\"title\":\"乙肝并发症包括哪些_乙肝会引起什么并发症\"},\"饮食\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:慢性乙肝吃什么食物_乙肝不能吃什么水果_乙肝病友的饮食经验等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"慢性乙肝吃什么食物_乙肝不能吃什么水果\",\"title\":\"慢性乙肝吃什么食物_乙肝不能吃什么水果\"},\"病因\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:得乙肝的原因有哪些_乙肝是怎么引起的_乙肝引起原因_乙肝病友的治疗经验等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"得乙肝的原因有哪些_乙肝是怎么引起的_乙肝引起原因\",\"title\":\"得乙肝的原因有哪些_乙肝是怎么引起的_乙肝引起原因\"},\"病友求助\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:入职体检有乙肝怎么办_老婆有乙肝怎么办_乙肝病友的治疗经验等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"入职体检有乙肝怎么办_老婆有乙肝怎么办\",\"title\":\"入职体检有乙肝怎么办_老婆有乙肝怎么办\"},\"预防\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:家里有乙肝要注意什么_怎样预防乙肝病毒传染_乙肝病友的预防经验等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"家里有乙肝要注意什么_怎样预防乙肝病毒传染\",\"title\":\"家里有乙肝要注意什么_怎样预防乙肝病毒传染\"}},\"description\":\"为您提供:乙肝大三阳能治愈吗、乙肝小三阳是什么意思、乙肝携带者能生小孩吗、乙肝病友的治疗经验等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"乙肝大三阳能治愈吗_乙肝小三阳是什么意思_乙肝携带者能生小孩吗\",\"title\":\"乙肝大三阳能治愈吗_乙肝小三阳是什么意思_乙肝携带者能生小孩吗\"}","adInfo":null},"isLikeThisTopic":null,"lastTopics":[{"id":"1920","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"如何早期发现乙肝:","content":"<p style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　肝炎因感染的病毒类型不同而分为甲、乙、丙、丁、戊等多种，但临床所见还是以慢性乙型肝炎为多。我国是乙肝的高发区，乙肝病毒的感染率非常高，病情隐匿，目前不能治愈，危害性较大，加之传染性较强，而没被明确诊断的乙肝患者或病毒携带者更是容易成为传染源，所以早期发现十分重要。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">哪些是乙肝的高危人群呢？这就需要了解乙肝的传播途径。与甲肝的粪－口传播途径不同，乙肝的传播途径主要是母婴传播、血液传播、医源性传播（使用未经严格消毒的非一次性注射器、内窥镜等）、性传播和日常生活的接触传播（共用剃须刀、牙刷或伤口与伤口的接触，归根结底也是通过血液传播）。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　怎样早期发现肝炎</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">?&nbsp;<br /> </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　要早期发现肝炎，需要对肝炎有所警惕，以下两种情况需要特别加以关注。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">．有无被传染的途径</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&nbsp;<br /> </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　近</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">1~6</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">个月内，曾与肝炎患者密切接触；吃过半生不熟的海产贝类；输过血或使用过血制品；有过不洁性接触；用过消毒不严格的注射器；接受过针灸、纹身、拔牙、手术等。若有以上情形，则有传染上肝炎的可能。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&nbsp;<br /> </span>　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">2.</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">有无感染肝炎后的典型症状</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&nbsp;<br /> </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　疲乏无力，不想吃东西、恶心、呕吐、厌油腻、腹胀、肝区痛、大便不调、尿黄似浓茶等；经休息后上述症状仍持续不好转，而又找不到其他原因。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&nbsp;<br /> </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　具备以上两个条件时，就应考虑到患肝炎的可能性，应及时到医院检查肝功能，力求做到肝炎的早期发现。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">乙肝的治疗现状</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&nbsp;<br /> </span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">　　慢性乙型肝炎目前采取的是抗病毒治疗。目前世界上公认的、抗乙型肝炎病毒的药物有</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&alpha;-</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">干扰素和核苷类似物。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&alpha;-</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">干扰素最常见的有两种：</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&alpha;-2b</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">和</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&alpha;-2a</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">，前者是体内本来就有的</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&ldquo;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">天然干扰素</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&rdquo;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">，所以在全球范围内使用最为广泛。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&nbsp;<br /> </span>　　<span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&alpha;-</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">干扰素治疗慢性乙肝的疗效确切，少数病人甚至可以将体内病毒彻底清除。但干扰素治疗慢性乙肝需要隔日注射一次，治疗时间至少半年，长者可达</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">18</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">个月，这样长期的注射给一些患者带来许多不便。部分患者由于工作繁忙或经常出差，而无法坚持到医院注射，错过了治疗的时机，延误了病情。随着医学技术的发展，现已研制出无痛性、完全能自我注射的</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&ldquo;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">甘乐能</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&rdquo;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">笔。每支甘乐能笔内含</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">2250</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">万国际单位的</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&alpha;-2b</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">干扰素水针剂。每</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">300</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">万国际单位的药液体积只有</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">0.2</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">毫升。每支甘乐能笔配有</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">6</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">支一次性针头，</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">6</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">块消毒棉片，患者完全可以自我注射。甘乐能笔使用的针头具有独特的专利技术，注射时完全无痛。甘乐能笔上有清晰的刻度，任何人只要轻轻旋转笔筒即可调准所需要的剂量，甚至盲人也能根据旋转时的</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&ldquo;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">喀哒</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&rdquo;</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">声调准剂量。甘乐能笔的另一个特点是携带方便。由于独特的专利技术，甘乐能水剂在</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">300C</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">环境中可保持其活性</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">48</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;\">小时不变，大大方便了患者外出或旅行，振动或摇晃也不影响其活性。因此，精确、方便、安全、无痛的甘乐能笔，使得患者可以在任何时间、任何地点完成自我注射，工作和生活节奏完全可以自我控制，这样更容易坚持全疗程的治疗，从而大大提高干扰素的抗病毒疗效。</span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; line-height: 150%;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","barId":"1925","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1036","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":3},{"id":"2908","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"预防乙肝母婴传播从妈妈做起","content":"<p>　　感染乙肝病毒后发展为慢性感染的可能性取决于发生感染时的年龄，6岁内感染乙肝病毒最容易发展为慢性感染。健康成人感染乙肝病毒后，90%以上会在一年内自己恢复，发展为慢性感染的可能性低于5%。在目前，母婴传播是我国乙肝的主要传播方式。女性孕前检查HBV-DNA，最好在DNA阴性时考虑怀孕。HBV-DNA阳性母亲的孩子出生后立即注射乙肝免疫球蛋白，越早越好，并程序注射乙肝疫苗。同时避免生活中的陋习，减少乙肝母婴传播几率、降低青少年乙肝发病率有非常明显作用。</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>1、何谓乙肝母婴传播?&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp; 母婴传播是指乙型肝炎表面抗原阳性的母亲，尤其是表面抗原和e抗原双阳性的母亲可将乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)传给婴儿，引起婴儿HBV感染的过程。</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>2、乙肝母婴传播的三种途径：</p><p>&nbsp; 第一种宫内传播，是分娩以前在宫内通过胎盘等途径传播，这种情况较少。</p><p>&nbsp; 第二种产时传播，发生在分娩过程中，由于母亲产道的血液、羊水和阴道分泌物都带有乙肝病毒，会使婴儿经口吞入或通过破损的皮肤黏膜而受传染，这种情况占绝大多数。</p><p>第三种是产后传播，有可能通过哺乳或密切接触等途径传播，这种传播属于水平传播，比较常见。</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>3、切断唾液传播</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; 在50～80%乙肝病毒携带者的唾液中可以抓到乙型炎病毒，乙肝携带者母亲给孩子嘴对嘴地喂食物是个坏习惯，应该制止。</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>4、孕妇HBsAg阳性</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; 其新生儿除接种乙肝疫苗外，还必须在出生后12小时内注射乙肝免疫球蛋白。虽然乙肝病毒感染产妇的乳汁中可检测出HBsAg和乙肝病毒DNA，而且有学者认为乳头皲裂、婴幼儿过度吸吮甚至咬伤乳头等可能将病毒传给婴儿，但这些均为理论分析，缺乏循证医学证据。即使无免疫预防，母乳喂养和人工喂养的新生儿的感染率几乎相同。所以，正规预防后，不管孕妇HBeAg阳性还是阴性，其新生儿都可以母乳喂养，无需检测乳汁中有无乙肝病毒DNA。</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>5、注射乙肝疫苗</p><p>&nbsp; 乙肝疫苗注射第二针、第三针提前或推迟几天打是没有问题的，乙肝疫苗抵抗乙肝病毒传染不能永久性，一般可以维持3-5年，专家建议每隔3年打一次加强针，特别是家庭有乙肝患者的妈妈更应该做好这方面的工作。</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp; 找良医网提示您：预防乙肝母婴传播从妈妈做起。乙肝没有什么了不起，只是一种病而已，虽然仅靠药物不能治愈，但靠自己不让病毒损害自己身体是完全可以实现的。同时对于主要治病因素我们要多加注意，避免孩子受乙肝病毒的侵扰。</p><p><br/></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1925","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":3},{"id":"7696","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"专家向您解答 乙肝的并发症","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1510883507375.jpg\" title=\"专家向您解答 乙肝的并发症\" alt=\"专家向您解答 乙肝的并发症\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">1.肝性脑病(肝昏迷)</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">严重肝病导致代谢紊乱，以意识改变和昏迷为主要表现的中枢神经系统功能紊乱的综合征。肝性脑病的发病机制尚未完全阐明，一般认为与以下因素有关：</span>A)氨及多种毒性物质的蓄积，导致中枢神经系统中毒。重症肝病患者肝脏解毒功能减低，肠源性及代谢产生的各种毒性物质(氨、硫醇、短链脂肪酸、酚及中分子物质等等)在体内潴积。B)氨基酸代谢紊乱和伪性神经传导递质的产生：肝衰竭时，芳香族氨基酸(苯、丙、酪、色氨酸)在血浆含量升高，支链氨基酸(缬、异亮、亮氨酸)在肌肉和脂肪组织内降解，因继发性高胰岛素血症的影响而降解加速，其血浆水平降低。大量芳香族氨基酸(AAA)入脑抑制神经递质的合成，从而影响脑组织正常生理活动。C)γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)增多：GABA是很强的一种抑制性神经传导递质，主要来源于肠道，经肝脏代谢，肝衰竭时，降解减少，血、脑中浓度明显增高，GABA受体数量增多、活性增强。D)发生Ⅲ-Ⅳ度肝性脑病时，约86%可伴有脑水肿，慢性肝衰竭尸检病例65.8%有显著脑水肿，脑部病变程度与昏迷持续时间及严重程度有相关性。各种毒性物质可抑制脑组织Na-K-ATP酶活性，导致Na、K进入细胞内，重型肝炎病人脑氨及谷氨酰胺增加，后者随Na进入细胞内，带进一定量水，促进脑细胞水肿，动物实验可见给予谷氨酰胺合成抑制剂则脑水肿不发生。脑缺血、缺氧、能量代谢异常等均可促使脑水肿的发生。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">临床上将肝性脑病分为急性型和慢性型。急性型多见于急性重型肝炎，临床表现是：严重肝损害、精神、神经症状和体征，少数病人可误诊为精神病。慢性肝性脑病常见于肝硬化病人，特别是门</span>-体静脉分流者，脑病可反复发作。常见诱发因素有消化道出血、感染、高蛋白饮食、低钾、大量利尿、放腹水及便秘等等。根据精神、神经症状、体征，常将肝性脑病的程度分为4度或4级。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1510884198622.jpg\" title=\"专家向您解答 乙肝的并发症\" alt=\"专家向您解答 乙肝的并发症\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">2.肝肾综合征(HRS)</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">重型肝炎晚期的严重并发症</span>.HRS的发病机制十分复杂，肾脏血流动力学改变、肾血管痉挛、广泛的肾皮质缺血是发生HRS的基本因素。但注意，HRS患者的肾脏组织学完全正常或仅有轻微损害。举个例子，若把死于HRS患者的肾脏移植给慢性尿毒症患者，或把正常肝移植给HRS患者，可使不同患者的肾功能迅速恢复。重型肝炎时HRS的发生率约为30%～50%，常发生在强力利尿、大量放腹水、上消化道出血、感染或手术后，约30%病人无明显诱因。病死率极高，多在少尿或无尿发生后一周内死于消化道出血、肝性脑病或直接死于HRS。临床症状：有严重肝病征象，氮质血症前期可有尿量减少，尿钠降低;氮质血症期血钠降低，血尿素氮、肌酐明显增高，氮质血症晚期可出现恶心、呕吐、表情淡漠、昏睡，尿量进一步减少，血钠小于120mmol/L，尿钠低;终末期有严重氮质血症、无尿，可出现消化道出血、昏迷等表现。辨证：A)少尿或无尿;B)缓慢发生的氮质血症，血肌酐&gt;133μmol/L;C)初期肾小管功能良好：尿/血浆渗透压比例&gt;1.0、尿/血浆肌酐比例&gt;30、尿钠&lt;10mmol/L;D)扩容效果不明显。诊断时注意与肾前性氮质血症鉴别，后者经扩容后可迅速纠正;肝病伴有慢性肾炎患者应有显著尿蛋白、管型等改变;急性肾小管坏死时尿比重低而固定，尿常规改变明显，尿钠&gt;20～30mmol/L、尿/血浆肌酐比例&lt;20，尿β2微球蛋白含量可高达(32018±8369)μg/L，而HRS者仅为(155±42.9)μg/L。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">3.出血</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">重型肝炎常见而严重的并发症，是导致患者死亡的重要原因之一。重型肝炎发生出血的机制是多方面的，其原因有：</span>A)凝血因子减少，如凝血因子Ⅰ降低，Ⅱ、V、Ⅶ、Ⅸ、X因子合成减少;B)血小板数量减少、形态改变(体积变小、出现伪足、空泡形成及浆膜模糊);C)毛细血管内皮细胞损伤、脆性增加;E)血清过高;F)TNF及内毒素血症导致多系统损害、肾衰竭、DIC及急性胃粘膜改变;G)门脉高压症致内脏毛细血管充血、血管扩张、通透性增高、血浆外渗、黏膜水肿、糜烂、溃疡等改变;H)食管胃底静脉曲张破裂。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1510883326084.jpg\" title=\"专家向您解答 乙肝的并发症\" alt=\"专家向您解答 乙肝的并发症\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">4.继发性感染</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(1)肝衰竭：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">重型肝炎时免疫功能低下，若此时严重感染又可加重肝脏损害，导致肝衰竭。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(2)肺部感染：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">肺是常见的感染部位，注意革兰阴性菌</span>(如肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠杆菌等)、阳性菌(如肺炎球菌、流感杆菌等)或真菌等的感染。临床症状多不典型，发热或不发热，脉率与体温不相吻合，只有半数病人出现咳嗽、咳痰及肺部啰音，常伴全身状况恶化，如呼吸加快、缺氧征象、黄疸加深、凝血酶原活动度下降。菌血症为末期严重并发症，病死率可达70%以上。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(3)原发性细菌性腹膜炎：</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">病原菌大多由于肠道细菌的易位</span>;门脉高压使肠壁淤血、水肿，正常肠黏膜屏障功能减弱，肠壁通透性增高;腹水是细菌良好的培养基;加上患者全身抵抗力下降，肝脏库普弗细胞功能衰竭，对细菌的吞噬过滤作用减退，因此这是重型肝炎时最常见的并发症之一。临床症状常不典型，可有发热，多数为低热，仅半数患者有腹部压痛及反跳痛，便次增加、尿少、腹水增多。实验室检查可见末梢血白细胞数升高、核左移。腹水外观可呈混浊、少数为脓性、血性，比重在1.010以上。黏蛋白定性(Rivalta)试验阳性或阴性，腹水白细胞数≥30万/L，中性白细胞≥0.25。腹水细菌培养阳性率有待提高。发生原发性腹膜炎后多使肝功进一步恶化。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">(4)其他如肠道感染</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">泌尿道感染及败血症亦较常见。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1925","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1034","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":1},{"id":"13663","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"乙肝小三阳会怎么这么可怕 我压力很大","content":"<p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">我很爱我的女友，女友是乙肝携带者，我们的交往没跟家里说，怕家里人反对，前天晚上跟女友做爱，戴套了，可是套外面还是沾些女友的阴道分泌物，寻思家去洗洗就好了，就简单的擦了擦，肯定有分泌物沾到内裤上，回家以后内裤换下来了，被我妈洗了，我妈没有抗体，而且手上有划伤，虽然长血茄了，我很担心传染给她，到底怎么办？</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1925","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1033","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":2},{"id":"8878","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"好睡眠是春季养肝的良药","content":"<p style=\"margin: 0px; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512626551761.png\" title=\"好睡眠是春季养肝的良药\" alt=\"好睡眠是春季养肝的良药\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">传统养生学理论认为春与肝相应，说明春季的气候特点与人体的肝脏有着密切的关系，故春季的养生保健应以保养肝脏为主。而保证睡眠质量有助于乙肝治疗。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">睡眠休息有助于肝脏代谢</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　中医认为，</span>“肝藏血”，指肝脏具有储藏血液和调节血量的功能，人体在睡眠、休息等安静状态下，机体各部位对血液的需求量就减少，则一部分血液回归于肝而藏之。当在劳动、学习等活动量增加的情况下，人体对血液的需求量就相对增加，肝脏就把其储藏的血液排出，从而增加其有效血循环量，以适应机体对血液的需要。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　如果睡眠不足，该休息的时候不休息，这样就会引起肝脏血流相对不足，影响肝脏细胞的营养滋润，导致抵抗力下降。对于这些感染乙肝病毒的人来讲，原本已经受损的肝细胞将难以修复并有可能加剧恶化。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　如何保证睡眠质量：</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　1、睡前用热水洗脚。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　2、睡前少想些问题，更不要看一些过于精彩、令人兴奋的电视、电影、小说。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　3、睡前忌食过饱。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　4、适度的放松运动对于改善睡眠很有帮助，有晚上锻炼习惯的乙友，宜控制运动量及运动强度，避免过于劳累，反而不易入眠。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　5、保持寝室安静，空气新鲜清洁，室温适宜，环境优雅整洁。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　6、床铺舒适，被褥清洁，厚薄适中，有利于入眠。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　7、白天睡觉时，保证卧室内窗帘够厚，室内无光安静。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　8、夜间不喝咖啡、浓茶等兴奋剂。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　9、不吃过多辛辣、刺激食物。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　10、作息规律，按时上床睡觉，不养成熬夜的习惯。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1925","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":12},{"id":"6994","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"专家向您解答  乙肝病毒携带者有哪些危险存在","content":"<p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">相信很多人都知道乙肝，它是指乙肝病毒检测为阳性，病程超过半年或发病日期不明确而临床有慢性肝炎表现者。临床表现为乏力、畏食、恶心、腹胀、肝区疼痛等症状。根据临床表现分为轻度、中度和重度。那么，你知道</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\">乙肝病毒携带者有哪些危险存在</span></strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">吗？</span></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1509939339020.jpg\" title=\"专家向您解答  乙肝病毒携带者有哪些危险存在\" alt=\"专家向您解答  乙肝病毒携带者有哪些危险存在\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/><br/><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"></span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　专家指出，乙肝病毒携带者的危害还是很大的，主要有以下几个方面：</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　1、对肝脏的损害。乙肝病毒携带者都对肝脏存在一定的损伤，日积月累就会发展为肝硬化或肝癌。健康携带者也就是无症状乙肝病毒携带者，只是由于处于免疫耐受期，免疫系统与病毒共处的状态。一旦免疫耐受打破，乙肝病毒携带者也会出现类似肝炎的症状，如果得不到及时的治疗，会发展成慢性肝炎甚至更严重。</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　2、对患者生活的影响。乙肝病毒携带给学习、工作、出国带来影响。由于乙肝是传染性疾病，在升学、办出国证件、就业过程中需要检查乙肝两对半，体检不过关，无疑给乙肝病毒携带者加高了门槛，而且易产生自卑的心理。</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">　　3、会传染给他人。凡是病毒都会有传染性，只是传染程度不同而已。乙肝病毒携带者是传染源，会传染给身边的朋友、同学和家人。乙肝病毒携带者体内携带者乙肝病毒，会在分娩、性接触、输血时等传染给其他人。</span></p><p style=\"text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">专家提醒，为了降低乙肝病毒携带者带来的危害，乙肝病毒携带者一定要定期检查肝功能、</span>B超等，了解病情进展，一旦发现病情恶化要及时进行正规科学的治疗，争取早日康复，康复对于自己、对于身边的人都是有很大好处的。</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">找良医网温馨提示：如有身体不适，请及时就医！</span></p>","barId":"1925","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"[]","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":11},{"id":"3768","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"和有乙肝的人长期生活在一起怎样做才不会被传染","content":"<p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1487505084878.jpg\" title=\"1487505084878.jpg\" alt=\"1313545216759_bhky7e.jpg\"/></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">&nbsp; &nbsp;<span style=\"font-family:宋体\">乙肝具有传染性这是肯定的，和乙肝患者长期在一起生活是肯定有被传染的可能的，但是只要做好预防还是能够避免传染的发生的。首先我们了解下乙肝的传播途径</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">乙肝是血源传播性疾病，主要经血（如不安全注射等）、母婴及性接触传播。乙肝不经呼吸道和消化道传播，流行病学和实验研究亦未发现乙肝能经吸血昆虫</span> (<span style=\"font-family:宋体\">蚊、臭虫等</span>) <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">传播。如果接种</span><a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/yigan.htm\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体;color:windowtext;text-underline:none\">乙肝</span></a><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">疫苗并且出现抗</span>-HBs<span style=\"font-family:宋体\">＞</span>10 mIU/mL<span style=\"font-family:宋体\">就具有了保护作用，这样和乙</span><a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/ganbing.htm\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体;color:windowtext;text-underline:none\">肝病</span></a><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">人一起生活就不会被传染了。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">因此日常学习、工作或生活接触，如同一办公室工作</span> (<span style=\"font-family:宋体\">包括共用计算机等办公用品</span>)<span style=\"font-family:宋体\">、握手、拥抱、同住一宿舍、同一餐厅用餐和共用厕所等无血液暴露的接触，一般不会传染</span>HBV<span style=\"font-family:宋体\">。</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"font-family:宋体\">比如注射乙肝疫苗，平时夫妻生活带安全套等等，乙肝虽然具有传染性，但它是有一定的传染途径的，像母婴传染、血液传染、性传染，和乙肝患者在一起生活注意这些传染途径上的预防便可以有效避免被传染。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">&nbsp; &nbsp;<span style=\"font-family:宋体\">对男女之间来讲，一方感染，另一方没有抗体，传染风险还是比较大的，理论上是这样，但是也有不少没传染的，主要还是因为人本身的免疫系统不是那么脆弱。统计数据没有。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">　　从发病季节上来讲肝炎发作的季节各不相同，春、夏两季为肝炎容易发作季节，秋冬季发作者相对较少，四季肝功波动的概率分别是：春季波动者约占</span>22<span style=\"font-family:宋体\">。</span>94%<span style=\"font-family:宋体\">，夏季占</span>23<span style=\"font-family:宋体\">。</span>85%<span style=\"font-family:宋体\">，秋季占</span>9<span style=\"font-family:宋体\">。</span>17%<span style=\"font-family:宋体\">，冬季占</span>18<span style=\"font-family:宋体\">。</span>34%<span style=\"font-family:宋体\">。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">综上所述，乙肝虽然是一种危害很严重的传染病，但还是可以预防的，只要每个人都掌握预防乙肝的知识，并认真去做，虽然和有乙肝的人长期生活在一起，但也可以把感染乙肝的危险减少到最低限度。</span></p><p style=\"line-height:200%\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span style=\"font-family:宋体\">相信通过阅读本篇文章，大家对于本病的相关知识已经有所了解，找良医网提示您：当出现类似病症时，希望大家引起注意，提高警惕，及早就医，检查治疗。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1925","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":3},{"id":"4232","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"乙肝血清全国人群流行病学调查","content":"<p style=\"margin-top:5px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left: 0;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height: 200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\"></span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">　　为掌握我国现阶段不同地区、不同人群乙肝表面抗原携带率和乙肝病毒感染率，评价</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">1992</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">年我国乙肝疫苗纳入儿童计划免疫管理和</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">2002</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">年乙肝疫苗纳入儿童免疫规划的效果。</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">2006</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">由卫生部统一组织实施，中国疾病预防控制中心负责调查方案设计及技术指导，在全国人群开展了乙肝等有关疾病血清流行病学调查。相关调查结果表明：现阶段我国乙肝的免疫预防工作取得显著成绩。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">　　据了解，该调查在全国范围的</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">160</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">个</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">“</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">疾病监测点</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">”</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">上进行。采用多阶段随机抽样方法进行调查，抽取东部、中部、西部地区的城市、农村的</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">～</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">59</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">岁共计</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">81775</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">余人。</span></p><p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1489579829097.jpg\" title=\"1489579829097.jpg\" alt=\"timg (14).jpg\"/></span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">　　卫生部公布了本次调查的结果：</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">　　一、相关人群乙肝表面抗原携带率为</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">7.18%</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">。城市、农村人群乙肝表面抗原携带率差异不显著，在地域方面，乙肝表面抗原携带率东部地区略低。</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">～</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">4</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">岁人群乙肝表面抗原携带率最低，</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">15</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">～</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">59</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">岁人群乙肝表面抗原携带率最高达</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">8.57%</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">。</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">～</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">4</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">岁人群乙肝表面抗原携带率明显低于</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">15</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">～</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">59</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">岁人群。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">　　二、调查人群乙肝抗体阳性率为</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">50.09%</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">。城市高于农村，西部高于东部地区。</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">～</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">4</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">岁人群乙肝抗体阳性率最高，为</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">71.24%</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">，而</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">15</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">～</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">59</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">岁人群最低，为</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">47.38%</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">。</span></p><p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1489579082885.jpg\" title=\"1489579082885.jpg\" alt=\"timg (15).jpg\"/></span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">　　三、本次乙肝疫苗接种调查显示：</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">～</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">14</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">岁儿童</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">40129</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">人，占</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">81.56%</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">。</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">1</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">～</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">4</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">岁和</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">5</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">～</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">14</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">岁调查人群乙肝疫苗全程接种率为</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">89.39%</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">和</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">50.59%</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">，乙肝疫苗首针及时接种率分别为</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">73.37%</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">和</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">43.91%</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">，乙肝疫苗全程和首针及时接种率城市高于农村，东部高于西部。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">　　四、乙肝疫苗免疫与乙肝表面抗原携带方面：疫苗接种史人群表面抗原携带率明显低于无乙肝疫苗接种史人群。在有预防接种史的儿童中，首针乙肝疫苗及时接种者乙肝表面抗原携带率低于未及时接种人群。</span></p><p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1489580030982.jpg\" title=\"1489580030982.jpg\" alt=\"timg (16).jpg\"/></span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">　　本次流行病学调查结果提示：乙肝免疫预防工作取得显著成绩：</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">　　一、乙肝表面抗原携带率大幅下降，与</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">1992</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">年调查发现的</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">9.75%</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">的乙肝表面抗原携带率相比，下降</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">26.36%</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">，根据</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">1992</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">年和</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">2006</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">年两次血清流行病学调查结果估计，</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">1992</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">年以来儿童感染乙肝病毒的人数减少了近</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">8000</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">万人，儿童乙肝表面抗原携带者减少了</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">1900</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">万人。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">　　二、乙肝疫苗全程接种率由</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">1992</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">年乙肝疫苗纳入免疫规划管理时的</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">30%</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">提高到</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">2005</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">年出生儿童的</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%;font-family:&#39;Arial&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;\">93%</span><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">　　我国人口众多，随着人均寿命提高，大量乙肝表面抗原携带者终身携带，成人的乙肝表面抗原携带率不会出现明显下降。受预防保健服务可及性的限制，导致首针及时接种率难度较大。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 5px 0;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-size:19px;line-height:200%\">　　卫生部将结合本次调查结果，进一步加大乙肝预防控制工作。逐步开展新生儿以外人群乙肝疫苗预防接种工作，鼓励对重点人群、高危人群接种乙肝疫苗，通过提高中西部农村地区孕产妇住院分娩率，以提高乙肝疫苗首针及时接种率。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1925","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":5}],"pageObj":{"list":[],"list4Map":null,"pageBegin":0,"pageSize":5,"pageNumber":0,"totalPage":0,"totalRow":0},"loginUser":null,"replies":[],"forumUserFans":null,"herfList":[],"only":"0","topic":{"id":"8876","isDel":0,"createAt":1512625915110,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"乙肝患者更需要忌吸烟","content":"<p style=\"margin: 0px; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1512626494522.jpg\" title=\"乙肝患者更需要忌吸烟\" alt=\"乙肝患者更需要忌吸烟\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">肝脏作为身体最大的解毒器官，在被乙肝病毒侵袭后，其解毒功能已经下降，这时如果吸入大量的烟，其中含有的尼古丁在体内蓄积又加重了对肝脏的损害，所以乙肝患者更需要忌吸烟。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">吸烟有害，尽人皆知。但仍有大量的吸烟者不顾损害自身和他人的健康，坚持吸烟陋习，后果可想而知。充分认识吸烟的危害，了解大量吸烟对于肝病患者的不良后果，对乙肝患者来讲，是特别重要甚至是生命攸关的。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　吸烟的危害首先在于烟草产生的烟雾中含有上千种有害物质，被吸入人体后，对多种内脏器官包括肝脏都有不同程度的损害，是导致疾病、诱发癌症的主要危险因素之一。大家都知道，尼古丁（烟碱）在体内积累的量越大，对人体的毒害也越大。１支烟中含的烟碱，可杀死２只小白鼠；４０支烟的烟碱就可以导致一个中等体重的成年人的死亡。作为解毒器官的肝脏，被乙肝病毒侵袭后，其解毒功能已经下降，而大量的尼古丁在体内蓄积又加重了对肝脏的损害，肝脏要想充分发挥其解毒功能就显得心有余而力不足了。此时的乙肝患者与常人相比，烟毒在体内更是肆无忌惮，危害性更大了。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　慢性乙肝患者，往往肝内微循环不畅，有淤滞现象。而尼古丁又可以损害循环系统，不但可使血管痉挛，还可以使血液的黏稠度增大，导致体内微循环不畅。同时，吸烟时大量吸人一氧化碳，会妨碍血红蛋白与氧的结合，造成机体缺氧血症。因此，乙肝患者大量吸烟，可加重肝内微循环障碍，并使肝脏供血、供氧不足，进一步加重肝脏的损害，使病情恶化。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　另外，值得一提的是，吸烟还能大大降低人体免疫力，容易感冒而引起各种疾病。对于肝病患者，即增加了感染等并发症的机会。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">　　有识之士大声疾呼抛弃吸烟这个不良嗜好，戒除烟草危害。对健康人尚且如此，相信患乙肝的朋友们自会明白，为了自己的健康，不仅不能大量吸烟，还应该坚决彻底地戒除吸烟的陋习。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1925","topicTypeId":"2","topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":1555,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":1,"publishTime":1512625915112,"isCream":0,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":1,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":1512625915112,"metaSearch":null,"rn":null},"userAllInfo":{"id":null,"isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":null,"password":null,"level":0,"nickName":null,"realName":null,"signName":null,"head":null,"phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":null,"address":null,"identityType":0,"userType":0,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":0,"provinceId":null,"cityId":null,"userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":0,"forumUser":{"id":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":1507789271266,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"username":"良药苦口","password":"zx13401068656","level":0,"nickName":"周良药","realName":null,"signName":"良药苦口利于病，忠言逆耳利于行！","head":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1516263139285.jpg","phone":null,"mobile":null,"wechat":null,"qq":null,"email":"langlixunta@163.com","address":null,"identityType":6,"userType":2,"isPhoneBind":0,"status":0,"accountSource":0,"isStrangerMsg":0,"departmentId":null,"departmentName":null,"sex":1,"provinceId":"110000","cityId":"110114","userLevel":0,"modifyNameCount":1},"forumUserActiveInfo":{"id":"8acedcfeaf1511e7a3d800163e04584d","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":1611056061967,"updateBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","updateName":"良药苦口","userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","topicCount":8346,"replayCount":65,"favorteCount":0,"beFavorteCount":0,"creamCount":95,"focusCount":1,"fansCount":1,"integralCount":13965,"foodCouponCount":6624,"lastLoginTime":0,"lastLoginIp":null,"downloadCount":0,"uploadCount":0},"newPass":null,"focusBar":null,"counter":null,"forumUserIdentificateDto":null},"theme":{"id":"1032","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"topicTypeId":"2","topicTypeName":"治疗","themeName":"病友社区","barType":"102","schemaName":2,"reward":0},"page":1,"favorties":true,"isSelf":false,"order":"asc"}