{"nowTime30":1782328015296,"lyBarModerator":null,"metaSearch":{"description":"小儿肺炎是感染性疾病中最常见的疾病，那么小儿得肺炎是由什么引起的呢？下面跟小编一起来学习一下。大多数新生儿肺炎是生后感染引起的，称晚发型肺炎，主要是家庭中与新生儿密切接触的成员感冒或呼吸道感染后通过飞沫传播给新生儿的;少数是在宫内或分娩过程中感染的。如果不及时治疗会引起呼吸窘迫、甚至窒息，严重者会因","keywords":"小儿肺炎的发病原因_洞医","title":"小儿肺炎的发病原因_洞医","channels":null},"identificate":{"id":"5a3adeaa985911e8972100163e0462f1","isDel":0,"createAt":1533437016805,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","realName":"周鑫","certifiedStatus":2,"phone":"15525873223","email":"langlixunta@163.com","hospitalId":"14629","departmentId":"2035","illName":"","illId":"ac6f137def9411e7a3d800163e04584d","cardType":1,"cardImg":"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/1533437073284.jpg","idCardImg":"","identityType":2,"stop":0,"departmentName":"内分泌科","hospitalName":null},"canEdit":null,"adList":[],"lyBar":{"id":"1169","isDel":0,"createAt":1483430611335,"createBy":"system","createName":"system","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"name":"小儿肺炎","type":102,"twoCode":"http://zhao01.com/zly_img/zly_wx.jpg","image":null,"provinceId":null,"cityId":null,"illId":"6d4d3d4dbb5f11e6a61c00163e04584d","hospitalId":null,"keyWord":null,"totleTopic":0,"barDesc":null,"discussBarType":null,"metaSearch":"{\"channels\":{\"病友社区\":{\"description\":\"为病友提供:小儿肺炎论坛_病友论坛_病友交流平台，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"小儿肺炎论坛_病友论坛_病友交流平台\",\"title\":\"小儿肺炎论坛_病友论坛_病友交流平台\"},\"治疗\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:小孩肺炎的治疗方法_婴幼儿肺炎的治疗方法等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"小孩肺炎的治疗方法_婴幼儿肺炎的治疗方法\",\"title\":\"小孩肺炎的治疗方法_婴幼儿肺炎的治疗方法\"},\"症状\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:小孩肺炎的症状_小儿肺炎的早期症状等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"小孩肺炎的症状_小儿肺炎的早期症状\",\"title\":\"小孩肺炎的症状_小儿肺炎的早期症状\"},\"并发症\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:小儿肺炎有后遗症吗_小儿肺炎的危害有多大等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"小儿肺炎有后遗症吗_小儿肺炎的危害有多大\",\"title\":\"小儿肺炎有后遗症吗_小儿肺炎的危害有多大\"},\"饮食\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:小儿肺炎吃什么食物好_宝宝肺炎能吃什么水果等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"小儿肺炎吃什么食物好_宝宝肺炎能吃什么水果\",\"title\":\"小儿肺炎吃什么食物好_宝宝肺炎能吃什么水果\"},\"病因\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:小儿肺炎怎么引起的_小儿肺炎是怎样引起的等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"小儿肺炎怎么引起的_小儿肺炎是怎样引起的\",\"title\":\"小儿肺炎怎么引起的_小儿肺炎是怎样引起的\"},\"病友求助\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:孩子得了肺炎怎么办_小孩肺炎一定要输液吗等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"孩子得了肺炎怎么办_小孩肺炎一定要输液吗\",\"title\":\"孩子得了肺炎怎么办_小孩肺炎一定要输液吗\"},\"预防\":{\"description\":\"为您提供:儿童肺炎预防措施_儿童怎么预防肺炎等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"儿童肺炎预防措施_儿童怎么预防肺炎\",\"title\":\"儿童肺炎预防措施_儿童怎么预防肺炎\"}},\"description\":\"为您提供:小儿肺炎症状及表现、儿童肺炎症状及治疗、小儿肺炎如何治疗方法、儿童肺炎家长们的治疗小心得等相关信息，让病友在便捷的求医路上不花一分冤枉钱。\",\"keywords\":\"小儿肺炎症状及表现_儿童肺炎症状及治疗_小儿肺炎如何治疗方法\",\"title\":\"小儿肺炎症状及表现_儿童肺炎症状及治疗_小儿肺炎如何治疗方法\"}","adInfo":null},"isLikeThisTopic":null,"lastTopics":[{"id":"2259","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"家长怎样及早判断及预防小儿肺炎？","content":"<p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1486276862778.jpg\" title=\"1486276862778.jpg\" alt=\"1464231200386.jpg\"/></p><p><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">肺炎是小儿常见的呼吸道疾病，温差变化大的天气，体质差的孩子容易着凉感染肺炎。家长朋友们最担心的是孩子咳嗽是不是患了肺炎了？如何预防肺炎呢？</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">一、是否肺炎我们主要从呼吸快慢和症状轻重二方面判断。</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">1、呼吸快慢 ：</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">肺炎呼吸加快、急促。如果孩子发热、咳嗽、呼吸急促，就不是简单的感冒而可能是肺炎了。</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">2、症状轻重：</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">① 一般来说，肺炎症状较重，宝宝常有咳嗽剧烈、发烧、精神萎靡，食欲不振，烦躁不安，呼吸增快或表浅表现。重症的肺炎患儿还可能出呼吸困难、鼻翼扇动、三凹征、口唇及指甲发绀等症状；</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">② 肺炎容易出现并发症如心功能衰竭、脓胸、肺脓肿、心肌炎及中毒性脑病等，大人切不可等闲视之，应及时去医院治疗。</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">二、如何预防肺炎？</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">1、预防小儿肺炎，增强体质、提高身体抵抗能力是关键 ；</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">2、避免环境影响 ：</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">① 最好不要带幼儿到公共场所、人员拥挤的地方活动 ；</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">② 房间应经常通风、保持空气清新、干爽；</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">③ 父母感冒时应尽可能少接触年幼子女，接触时应带口罩。</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">3、加强营养、积极预防佝偻病、营养不良等：</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">① 提倡户外活动，多晒太阳；</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">② 培养良好的饮食及卫生习惯 。</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">4、加强家庭护理：</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">① 小儿衣着不过厚或过薄，以不出汗为度；</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">② 婴幼儿不要包裹过紧；</span><br/><br/><span style=\"color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">③ 加强早产儿及体弱儿（有基础性疾病）的保护和护理。</span></p>","barId":"1169","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1036","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":3},{"id":"3762","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"新生儿肺炎家庭护理基本常识","content":"<p style=\"text-align:center\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1486276682652.jpg\" title=\"1486276682652.jpg\" alt=\"1708520.jpg\"/></p><p><strong style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">新生儿护理基本常识　</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">“新生儿期”主要是是从母亲子宫内到外界生活的适应期，由于这段时期新生儿各系统脏器功能发育尚未成熟，免疫功能低下，体温调节功能较差，因而易感染，护理起来必须细心、科学、合理。专家们着重从以下几个方面具体给予指导。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">温度和光线</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">　　新生儿对外界温差的变化有些不适应，适宜的室内温度应保持在25℃～28℃，盛夏要适当降温，而冬天则需要保暖，但均应注意通风时最好有取暖器在身旁。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">　　而室内的光线不能太暗或太亮，有些家长认为新生儿感光较弱，害怕刺激眼睛，常常喜欢挂上厚重的窗帘，其实这是不宜的，应让宝宝在自然的室内光线里学会适应，而避免阳光直射眼部。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">衣服和尿布</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">　　新生儿的内衣(包括尿布)应以柔软且易于吸水的棉织品为主，最好不要用化纤或印染织品;衣服的颜色宜浅淡，便于发现污物，并防止染料对新生儿皮肤的刺激;衣服尽量宽松，不妨碍肢体活动且易穿易脱;由于新生儿头部散热较大，气候寒冷或室温较低时应该戴小帽子，同样要柔软舒适。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">　　尿布用柔软吸水性好的棉织品，做到勤洗勤换，通常白天要换4次以上，晚上应换2次以上，每次更换时均应清洗小屁股，并外涂适量护肤油剂;尿不湿则选择质量较好且透气性能好的，在家里时尽量用尿片，出门或睡觉时则用“尿不湿”;注意尿片或尿不湿包裹不宜太紧，以便四肢自由伸展。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">睡眠和睡姿</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">　　睡姿影响呼吸，且新生儿头颅比较软，良好的睡姿有利于头颅的发育。建议有个舒适、厚度为1～2公分的小枕头，中间稍微下陷，两头微起。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">　　最好的睡姿是仰卧或侧卧，以避免压迫胸肺部，建议在喂养后多采取侧睡，以免溢奶或呛咳造成窒息;在采取仰卧位时，应当经常变换体位;足月儿因活动力较强，出生头几天可以适当采取俯卧，以利呼吸道分泌物流出，防止呕吐物倒流入气管，但俯卧必须拿去枕头，头侧向一面，此时要有家长在一旁监护。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">　　新生儿通常每天要睡18～20个小时，但未满月的宝宝不宜长时间睡眠，家长应该每隔2～3个小时弄醒一次，以方便喂养。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">哺乳和喂养</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">　　新生儿喂养是门很大的学问。专家的观点是出生后母乳喂养越早越好，一般为出生后半小时左右。如果妈妈暂时没有分泌乳汁，也要尽量让新生儿吮吸乳头，以促进乳汁分泌，并增进母婴的感情利于母体因分娩造成的产后伤口的愈合。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">　　母乳喂养时应采取“竖抱位”即头部略抬起，这是最理想、最符合自然规律的喂奶方式。在这种姿势下新生儿和父母亲相对而视，还可增加相互间的亲密感;母乳喂奶前应先洗手并将乳头清洗干净，母亲如有呼吸道疾病喂养时应戴口罩，如乳房上皮肤有破裂或炎症，应咨询医生后根据具体情况决定是否继续哺乳。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">　　哺乳的时候最好是一边乳房吸空喂饱后下一次再换另一边乳房，以防残奶淤积在乳房内，如一边乳房一次喂饱后仍有多余的乳汁，则最好将其挤掉，以促进乳房的正常泌乳并避免乳汁淤积或继发感染。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">　　人工喂养尽量不要直接喂服新鲜奶，因为其中所含的蛋白质等营养成分不适合新生儿;混合喂养(母乳喂养和代乳品喂养相结合)时，应先以母乳喂养为主。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">　　人工喂养时奶嘴洞大小应适中并注意温度，奶嘴喂奶时尽量不要让宝宝吸进空气，以免吐奶，而喂完之后可轻拍宝宝背部，以免积气。此外要对奶瓶、奶嘴严格煮沸消毒。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">　　喂养不需太讲究定时，一般情况下3小时左右喂一次，每次以吃饱吃好为原则：即宝宝吃奶后不哭不吵，且体重正常增长。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">预防感染</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">　　护理新生儿时，要注意卫生，在每次护理前均应洗手，以防手上沾污的细菌带到新生儿细嫩的皮肤上面发生感染，如护理人员患有传染性疾病或带菌者则不能接触新生儿，以防新生儿受染。如新生儿发生传染病时，必须严格隔离治疗，接触者隔离观察。产母休息室在哺乳时间应禁止探视，以减少新生儿受感染的机会。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">皮肤护理</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">　　出生不久的新生儿，在脐带未脱落前，尽量不用盆浴，而采用干洗法为新生儿擦身。脐带脱落后，则可给予盆浴，宜用无刺激性的婴儿专用香皂，浴后要用干软的毛巾将身上的水吸于，并可在皮肤皱褶处涂少许香粉。每次换尿布后一定要用温热毛巾将臀部擦干净，有时因尿液刺激使臀部皮肤发红，这时可涂少许无菌植物油。寒冷季节臀红明显时，还可用电吹风在红臀局部吹烤，每日3～4次，每次5～10分钟(电吹风不可离皮肤太近，以防烫伤)。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">五官护理</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\"><br/></span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">　　应注意面部及外耳道口、鼻孔等处的清洁，但勿挖外耳道及鼻腔。由于口腔粘膜细嫩、血管丰富，极易擦伤而引起感染，故不可经常用劲擦洗口腔，更不可用针、特别是不洁针去挑碾牙龈上的小白点——上皮小珠(俗称“马牙”或“板牙”)，以防细菌由此处进人体内而引起败血症。</span></p></strong><br/></p>","barId":"1169","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1035","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":3},{"id":"9596","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"呼吸衰竭 小儿肺炎的六大并发症","content":"<p style=\"margin: 4px 0px; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1513751649131.jpeg\" title=\"呼吸衰竭 小儿肺炎的六大并发症\" alt=\"呼吸衰竭 小儿肺炎的六大并发症\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">小儿肺炎是一种严重的疾病，如果不疾病治疗会造成心力衰竭，呼吸衰竭甚至是休克等并非症的发生。下面就去看看小儿肺炎的并发症还有哪些？</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">小儿肺炎的并发症有哪些呢？小儿肺炎患者如果出现烦躁不安，呼吸困难，又或者是头痛血压下降的症状时一定要当心肺炎的并发症。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">小儿肺炎的常见并发症有</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">1.心力衰竭：发病时小儿躁动不安。呼吸困难和发绀。心率加快。180次/分。呼吸急促。》60次/分。肝脏增大。下肢浮肿等。应立即采取措施。控制其发展。利用强心剂。利尿剂等治疗。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">2.呼吸衰竭：小儿烦躁不安。呼吸困难和紫绀。呼吸早期加快。重时减慢。有呻吟呼吸和呼吸节律改变。重危时心率加快或减慢。并可出现昏迷和抽搐。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">3.脓气胸：金黄色葡萄球菌肺炎时。易发生脓气胸。此时。高热持续不退或体温下降后又再度上升。咳嗽频繁。呼吸急促。不能干卧。一侧胸廓饱满。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">4.缺氧性脑病：肺炎呼吸困难缺氧重时。小儿呕吐。头痛。嗜睡或烦躁不安。继之昏迷惊厥。脑病发病较急。来势凶猛。病情险恶。往往与多种并发症交错出现。相互影响。使病情变得更为复杂。病死率高。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">5.中毒性休克：体温骤升达40～41℃或骤降。寒战。面色灰白。烦躁或昏迷。多汗。皮肤呈大理石花样改变。血压下降或测不出。同时出现多脏器功能改变。症状凶险。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">6.中毒性肠麻痹：表现为高度腹胀。呕吐。便秘和肛管不排气（不放屁）。腹胀压迫心脏和肺脏。使呼吸困难更严重。此时。面包苍白发灰。腹部叩诊呈鼓音。肠鸣音消失。呕吐物可呈咖啡色或粪便样物。x线检查发现肠管扩张。壁变薄膈肌上升。肠腔内出现气液平面。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1169","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1034","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":3},{"id":"3295","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"小儿肺炎但青霉素过敏，能吃头孢地尼分散片吗","content":"<p>小儿肺炎但青霉素过敏，能吃头孢地尼分散片吗</p>","barId":"1169","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1033","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":3},{"id":"1457","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"治疗小儿肺炎的药物","content":"<p><span style=\"color: #333333; font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', Helvetica, 'microsoft yahei', simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: #fcfcfc;\">患者是8个多月的男孩，最近一两周的时间，孩子先是出了</span><span style=\"color: #333333; font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', Helvetica, 'microsoft yahei', simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: #fcfcfc;\">麻疹</span><span style=\"color: #333333; font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', Helvetica, 'microsoft yahei', simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: #fcfcfc;\">，之后就开始有点咳嗽和鼻涕，睡眠一直不好，以为是平时的</span><span style=\"color: #333333; font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', Helvetica, 'microsoft yahei', simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: #fcfcfc;\">感冒</span><span style=\"color: #333333; font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', Helvetica, 'microsoft yahei', simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: #fcfcfc;\">，就没太注意，最近几天发现吃饭也不是很好，喝奶也不怎么喝，母乳有时也不好好喝，而且呼吸的时候总能感觉有痰的声音。在解放军总医院就诊</span><br /><br /><br /><span style=\"color: #333333; font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', Helvetica, 'microsoft yahei', simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: #fcfcfc;\">前几天喝过几天小儿止咳化痰颗粒，现在还是什么好转，只是稍微能吃得下一些饭了，但是睡觉还是很不好。</span><br /><br /><br /><span style=\"color: #333333; font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', Helvetica, 'microsoft yahei', simsun, arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px; background-color: #fcfcfc;\">今天上午刚去301医院看过，医生要求住院输液，因不想在医院的环境下，所以就请求医生开了点消炎药。现在想问一下您，回家护理的时候都需要注意些什么，平时饮食搭配需要忌吃什么，多吃什么？在家治疗的话有什么效果比较好的药可以推荐，最好是副作用比较小的，不要太影响孩子的成长和发育。多谢您了</span></p>","barId":"1169","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1032","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":3},{"id":"11157","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"小儿肺炎在早期会出现什么表现呢  看专家讲解","content":"<p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1516089771837.jpg\" title=\"小儿肺炎在早期会出现什么表现呢  看专家讲解\" alt=\"小儿肺炎在早期会出现什么表现呢  看专家讲解\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%;\"><br/></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">我们大家都知道，发热是小儿肺炎这种疾病的主要症状表现之一，但是，临床上有很多患有小儿肺炎的孩子却并没有出现发热的症状，这些患病的孩子大多数身体比较虚弱。下面就为大家介绍一下</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\">小儿肺炎在早期会出现什么样的症状表现</span></strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">，让找良医网为我们一起来讲解一下吧</span>!</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">发病初期多先有发热、咳嗽、流涕等上呼吸道感染症状，随后出现咳嗽加重、烦躁不安、高热寒战等症状。患儿体温在</span>38摄氏度至39摄氏度之间，有时可高达40摄氏度，且持续时间较长。营养不良的孩子、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">面黄肌瘦的孩子</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">、抵抗力特别低下的孩子，也有不发热</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">得孩子有此症状</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">患儿可出现精神</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">恍惚</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">、反应迟钝，食欲</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">减少</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">等症状。面部表现为潮红或苍白，口唇及指（趾）端发紫。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">患儿咳嗽早期常为刺激性干咳，继之咳白色泡沫痰或脓血性痰液。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">患儿呼吸加快、呼吸困难明显、憋喘厉害，严重时可出现鼻翼翕动，吸气时可出现三凹特征（胸骨上窝、锁骨上窝、肋骨间隙及上腹部软组织处吸气时凹陷），呼、吸气时伴有呻吟声。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">肺炎早期的炎症、发热或细菌毒素等还可能通过神经刺激或反射而引起患儿胃肠痉挛，特别是下叶肺炎，还可能直接刺激膈肌而导致腹痛。因此，原因不明的上腹痛、脐周痛的孩子，不管是否伴随上呼吸道感染症状，也有可能是肺炎。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">不发热的肺炎更凶险，人们都认为发热是小儿肺炎的一个主要症状。然而临床上有些孩子患肺炎时不发热。这些孩子多是体弱的幼儿，不发热的肺炎很容易被年轻父母忽视而延误最佳治疗时机。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">以上就是找良网专家为大家讲解的</span><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;line-height: 200%;font-size: 16px\">小儿肺炎的早期症状表现是怎样的</span></strong><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">，看过上</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">面</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">的相关介绍之后，我们了解到，患有小儿肺炎的孩子在早期会表现出精神</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">恍惚、</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">反应迟钝、食欲减</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">少</span><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">等一系列症状，除此之外，还经常会伴有咳嗽、呼吸加快等症状。</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0;text-indent:32px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:200%\"><span style=\";font-family:宋体;line-height:200%;font-size:16px\">如果您的孩子有此症状，就及时到正规医院就诊。以免误诊。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1169","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1029","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":3},{"id":"2634","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"儿童肺炎，读完后你想知道的都在这里了","content":"<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1486276568351.gif\" title=\"1486276568351.gif\" alt=\"20130114023902264.gif\"/></span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">每年的</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Times;\">11</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">月</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Times;\">12</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">日，都是寒冷开始的日子，对于孩子来说，寒冷的冬天容易生病。特别是<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>，更是在这个季节高发。为了引起大家对<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>的重视，这一天还是一个特殊的日子：世界<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>日。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">今年是第</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Times;\">8</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">个世界<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>日。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">今年的主题是：消灭<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>不凭运气，要靠行动。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">在世界<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>日来临之前，让我们一起聊聊关于<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>的一些知识。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><strong style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">什么是<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a></span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\"><a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>是指各种原因引起的肺部的炎<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/xingbing.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">性病</a>变。主要临床表现有发热、咳嗽和呼吸困难。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><strong style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">小孩子为什么容易得<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a></span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">这主要是由孩子特殊的生理特点决定的。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 24pt; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Times;\">1)</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">儿童幼小，肺组织发育不够健全</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 24pt; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Times;\">2)</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">免疫功能低下</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; text-indent: 0cm; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">如果气候突变，室内居住条件不佳，通风不良，则空气中致病微生物就会增多，容易发生<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><strong style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">哪些原因会导致宝宝<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a></span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">引起<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>的原因很多，大致上分为感染性因素（即各种病原菌感染）和非感染性因素，如奶汁呛入、全身其他疾病影响、放射性因素等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">但对于儿童来说，引起<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>的最主要因素是各种病原菌的感染，常见的病原有病毒、细菌、支原体、衣原体等致病微生物。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><strong style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\"><a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>有什么表现</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Times;\">1.</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">发热：常见的症状，但是对有些小孩子有时候发热不明显。</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Times;\"><br/>2.</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">咳嗽：刚开始以干咳为多见，慢慢地痰多起来，出现有痰的咳嗽。</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Times;\"><br/>3.</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">呼吸增快或呼吸困难：由于气道受到阻塞，孩子就会出现或轻或重的缺氧症状。为了缓解这种症状，改善通气，孩子会加快呼吸，用力呼吸。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Times;\">4.</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">其他表现：小宝宝全身的代偿能力比较差，因此得了<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>很有可能出现精神软或烦躁、食欲减退，腹泻或呕吐等等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><strong style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\"><a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>会不会传染</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14pt; text-indent: 0cm;\"><a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>并非传染病。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14pt; text-indent: 0cm;\">但宝宝在咳嗽、打喷嚏的时候，呼出的气体中会有一些小飞沫（很小很小的水滴），可能会带有一些病原菌，体质差的宝宝一次性吸入很多带有病原菌的小飞沫，就有可能发病。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14pt; text-indent: 0cm;\">至于接触了患病宝宝的孩子，妈妈也不用太担心，除非体质差或者长时间近距离接触，其实也没那么容易就感染了<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14pt; text-indent: 0cm;\">但是，如果宝宝接触了<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>的孩子以后，反复咳嗽、发烧，甚至有呼吸增快，那就要注意了，没准也得了<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>了。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><strong style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">得了<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>要不要打点滴</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 0cm;\">如果小朋友病情轻微，精神好，能配合进行饮食及服药，可以采用口服药物治疗。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 0cm;\">需要打点滴的常见于以下几种情况：</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 18pt; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 0cm; white-space: normal; line-height: 21px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 28px; font-family: 宋体;\">小朋友高热，有脱水症状，且胃口不好，无法进食足够的水和食物来获得身体需要的能量。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 18pt; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 0cm; white-space: normal; line-height: 21px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 28px; font-family: 宋体;\">小朋友有比较严重的细菌感染，静脉注射抗生素，可以更快、更好达到较好的治疗效果。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 18pt; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 0cm; white-space: normal; line-height: 21px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 28px; font-family: 宋体;\">另外由于病情需要，需采用经由静脉进去的药物。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><strong style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">得了<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>都要用消炎药（抗生素）吗</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 0cm;\">引起<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>的病原有很多种，常见的有病毒、细菌、支原体等等。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 0cm;\">针对不同的细菌可以选择不同的抗生素，针对支原体也可以选择相应的抗生素，但是抗生素对于病毒是无能为力的。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 0cm;\">因此，需要根据孩子可能感染的病原菌来使用针对性的药物，而不是一旦有“炎”就直接用消炎药。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><strong style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">得了<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>怎么护理</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Wingdings;\">v&nbsp;</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">勤开窗户，以保证室内空气流通</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Wingdings;\">v&nbsp;</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">保证孩子充分休息</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Wingdings;\">v&nbsp;</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">拍背、鼓励患儿咳嗽，便于痰液排出</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Wingdings;\">v&nbsp;</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">给予易消化、有营养的食物，补充足够水分</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Wingdings;\">v&nbsp;</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">婴儿喂奶时每次不能过饱，要少量多次</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Wingdings;\">v&nbsp;</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">衣着适当，避免过冷或过热</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><strong style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">哪些情况需要看医生及复诊</span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: &#39;Lucida Grande&#39;;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; 1)</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">咳嗽剧烈、体温不退</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: &#39;Lucida Grande&#39;;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; 2)</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">呼吸增快、呼吸困难、间歇性<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/shuimianhuxizanting.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">呼吸暂停</a>、呼吸时有呻吟声</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: &#39;Lucida Grande&#39;;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; 3)</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">宝宝拒食，并有脱水现象</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: &#39;Lucida Grande&#39;;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; 4)</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">精神软，说话、睡眠都受到影响</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: &#39;Lucida Grande&#39;;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; 5)</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">脸色不红润，略发白</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14pt;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; 此外，如果呼吸困难明显，或者伴有脸色发青或发紫，需要立即看医生。</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><strong style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">生活中如何预防<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a></span></strong></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Wingdings;\">&nbsp; u</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">按时接种疫苗</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Wingdings;\">&nbsp; u</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">母乳喂养，及时添加各种辅食，不挑食、偏食</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Wingdings;\">&nbsp; u</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">注意洗手，避免病从口入</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Wingdings;\">&nbsp; u</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;\">室内空气流畅，保持良好的环境卫生</span></p><p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, simsun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.6667px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14pt;\"><a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>是儿童时期最常见的疾病，得了<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>，给宝宝造成痛苦不说，还影响家庭的正常生活、工作。消灭<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>不凭运气，要靠行动。让我们一起努力，抗击<a href=\"http://www.haodf.com/jibing/feiyan.htm\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); outline: none;\">肺炎</a>，维护儿童健康。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1169","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1028","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":3},{"id":"9594","isDel":0,"createAt":0,"createBy":null,"createName":null,"updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":null,"title":"新生儿肺炎是什么引起的","content":"<p style=\"margin: 4px 0px; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1513750596014.jpg\" title=\"新生儿肺炎是什么引起的\" alt=\"新生儿肺炎是什么引起的\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">宝宝刚出生，没有抵抗力，很容易出现不适症状。新生儿肺炎是最常见的一种新生儿疾病。新生儿肺炎是什么引起的呢？怎样预防新生儿肺炎呢？一起来了解下。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">一、引起新生儿肺炎的原因</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">新生儿大脑皮质对呼吸中枢的调节功能差，吞咽动作不协调，羊水、胎粪、乳汁等易吸入肺内。有严重消化道畸形的患儿，如先天性食管闭锁、严重兔唇裂腭等更易发生误吸。新生儿气管短、管腔内较干燥，其纤毛清除细菌、尘埃的能力差，细菌易下行进入肺部。新生儿肺组织的分化不够完善，肺泡数量少，肺血管相对地丰富，易充血，发生炎症。新生儿免疫功能低下易受病原体的侵犯，如果母亲产前患感染性疾病，病原体可通过胎盘引起胎儿感染，其症状常在产后</span>24小时以内出现。因滞产、胎膜早破、多次阴道检查等而致的产时感染，常使胎儿发生窘迫，以致吸入污染的羊水或阴道分泌物而引起新生儿肺炎。也可由出生后保暖不当、或曾与患呼吸道感染者接触，先发生上呼吸道感染然后向下蔓延而成为肺炎。此外，也可是败血症的一部分表现。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">那么，要如何有效的预防新生儿肺炎呢？</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">二、预防新生儿肺炎</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">新生儿肺炎是可以预防的，而且应该从娘胎里开始。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">羊水或胎粪吸入性肺炎，预防的关键是防止胎儿发生宫内缺氧。母亲在怀孕期间定期做产前检查非常必要，尤其是在怀孕末期，可以及时发现胎儿宫内缺氧的问题，如发现有妊高症、胎位不正、脐带缠绕、受压、过期妊娠等可能引起胎儿宫内缺氧的因素，产科医生会采取相应的监护和治疗措施，以尽量减少吸入性肺炎的发生及减轻疾病的严重程度。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">对于感染引起的新生儿肺炎，从母亲怀孕期间就应该开始预防。怀孕的母亲要做好孕期保健，保持生活环境的清洁卫生，更要注意个人卫生，防止感染性疾病的发生。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">孩子出生后，要给孩子布置一个洁净舒适的生活空间，孩子所用的衣被、尿布应柔软、干净，哺乳用的用具应消毒。父母和其他接触孩子的亲属在护理新生儿时注意洗手。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">特别要强调的是，患感冒的成人要尽量避免接触新生儿，若母亲感冒，应戴口罩照顾孩子和喂奶。对来探访新生儿的客人，要婉言谢绝。</span></p><p><br/></p>","barId":"1169","topicTypeId":null,"topicThemeId":"1026","readLevel":0,"files":"","clickNoLikeCount":0,"clickLikeCount":0,"clickCount":0,"score":0,"partCount":0,"replayCount":0,"publishStatus":0,"publishTime":0,"isCream":null,"canReply":0,"shareUrl":null,"foodCouponVal":0,"emailNotice":0,"permission":0,"zlyShare":0,"status":0,"sort":0,"highlight":0,"highlightEffectTime":0,"digest":0,"digestEffectTime":0,"top":0,"topEffectTime":0,"closed":0,"stamp":0,"icon":0,"bgcolor":null,"fontcolor":null,"favtimes":0,"isAdopt":0,"adoptId":null,"sortDate":0,"metaSearch":null,"rn":4}],"pageObj":{"list":[],"list4Map":null,"pageBegin":0,"pageSize":5,"pageNumber":0,"totalPage":0,"totalRow":0},"loginUser":null,"replies":[],"forumUserFans":null,"herfList":[],"only":"0","topic":{"id":"9593","isDel":0,"createAt":1513750312493,"createBy":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","createName":"良药苦口","updateAt":0,"updateBy":null,"updateName":null,"userId":"8abb11d0af1511e7a3d800163e04584d","title":"小儿肺炎的发病原因","content":"<p style=\"margin: 4px 0px; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 200%; text-align: center;\"><img src=\"http://01luntan.com/ly_img/uimgs/1513750589513.jpg\" title=\"小儿肺炎的发病原因\" alt=\"小儿肺炎的发病原因\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\"/></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">小儿肺炎是感染性疾病中最常见的疾病，那么小儿得肺炎是由什么引起的呢？下面跟小编一起来学习一下。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\"><span style=\"font-family:宋体\">大多数新生儿肺炎是生后感染引起的，称晚发型肺炎，主要是家庭中与新生儿密切接触的成员感冒或呼吸道感染后通过飞沫传播给新生儿的</span>;少数是在宫内或分娩过程中感染的。如果不及时治疗会引起呼吸窘迫、甚至窒息，严重者会因为缺氧引起大脑损伤，留下永久的后遗症(如癫痫)。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">(一)发病原因</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">1.吸入性肺炎 多因吸入胎粪、羊水、乳汁等引起，也可因吞咽反射不成熟、吞咽动作不协调、食管反流或腭裂等因素引起乳汁或分泌物吸入而引起。早产儿及颅脑及患病儿因吞咽功能不协调，反射差或缺如，易发生呕吐物、乳汁吸入性肺炎。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">2.感染性肺炎 感染性肺炎分为宫内、产时感染和生后感染。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">(1)产前、产时感染性肺炎：如为胎儿在宫内感染，多为母亲有感染，通过血行传播所致。产时感染性肺炎多与产科因素有关。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">①产前感染：母孕期受病毒(如巨细胞病毒、单纯疱疹病毒、风疹病毒等)、细菌、原虫(如弓形体病)、衣原体和支原体等感染，病原体经血行通过胎盘和羊膜侵袭胎儿。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">②产时感染：胎膜早破超过6h，羊水可能被污染，若胎膜早破超过24h以上，发生感染的可能达30%，或羊膜绒毛膜炎时，产道内细菌如大肠埃希杆菌、克雷白杆菌、李斯特菌、B族链球菌等，上行导致感染，或胎儿在宫内吸入污染羊水而致病。另外，急产、滞产或产道未彻底消毒等情况，胎儿在分娩过程中吸入产道内污染的分泌物而发生肺炎。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">(2)出生后感染性肺炎：</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">①呼吸道途径：接触新生儿者如患呼吸道感染，其病原体可经飞沫由婴儿上呼吸道向下传播至肺;也可因婴儿抵抗力下降时(如受凉等)，其上呼吸道感染下行引起肺炎。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">②血行传播感染：患脐炎、皮肤感染、败血症时，病原体经血行传播至肺而引起肺炎。病原体以B组溶血性链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希杆菌及巨细胞病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒等多见。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">(3)医源性传播感染：医源性感染可由铜绿假单胞菌、厌氧菌及某些致病力低的细菌引起。由于医用器械如吸痰器、雾化器、供氧面罩、气管插管等消毒不严，暖箱湿度过高使水生菌易于繁殖，或使用呼吸机时间过长等引起肺炎;病房拥挤，消毒制度不严，医护人员洗手不勤，将患儿的致病菌带给其他新生儿;广谱抗生素使用过久容易发生真菌性肺炎等。晚发型肺炎最常见于新生儿监护室内，由于慢性肺部疾病需要长期气管插管的新生儿中。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">3.其他 护理不当，受凉等也是发生肺炎的诱因。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">(二)发病机制</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">吸入性肺炎主要因缺氧刺激，胎儿呼吸而使羊水、胎粪或阴道分泌物吸入，引起吸入性肺炎。其中以胎粪吸入性肺炎最为严重，参见胎粪吸入综合征。乳汁吸入常见于吞咽功能不全、吮乳后呕吐、食管闭锁和唇裂、腭裂等。</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px\">&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"margin: 4px 0;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 200%\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 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